DE3407454A1 - Combination of solar collectors and heat pump - Google Patents

Combination of solar collectors and heat pump

Info

Publication number
DE3407454A1
DE3407454A1 DE19843407454 DE3407454A DE3407454A1 DE 3407454 A1 DE3407454 A1 DE 3407454A1 DE 19843407454 DE19843407454 DE 19843407454 DE 3407454 A DE3407454 A DE 3407454A DE 3407454 A1 DE3407454 A1 DE 3407454A1
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DE
Germany
Prior art keywords
heating
hot water
water
energy
heat pump
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
DE19843407454
Other languages
German (de)
Inventor
Hans-Jürgen 8391 Tittling Dietrich
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
DIETRICH HANS JUERGEN
Original Assignee
DIETRICH HANS JUERGEN
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by DIETRICH HANS JUERGEN filed Critical DIETRICH HANS JUERGEN
Priority to DE19843407454 priority Critical patent/DE3407454A1/en
Publication of DE3407454A1 publication Critical patent/DE3407454A1/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B11/00—Compression machines, plants or systems, using turbines, e.g. gas turbines
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
    • F24D18/00—Small-scale combined heat and power [CHP] generation systems specially adapted for domestic heating, space heating or domestic hot-water supply
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
    • F01K25/00—Plants or engines characterised by use of special working fluids, not otherwise provided for; Plants operating in closed cycles and not otherwise provided for
    • F01K25/08—Plants or engines characterised by use of special working fluids, not otherwise provided for; Plants operating in closed cycles and not otherwise provided for using special vapours
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
    • F24D3/00—Hot-water central heating systems
    • F24D3/18—Hot-water central heating systems using heat pumps
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
    • F24D2101/00—Electric generators of small-scale CHP systems
    • F24D2101/10—Gas turbines; Steam engines or steam turbines; Water turbines, e.g. located in water pipes
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
    • F24D2103/00—Thermal aspects of small-scale CHP systems
    • F24D2103/10—Small-scale CHP systems characterised by their heat recovery units
    • F24D2103/13—Small-scale CHP systems characterised by their heat recovery units characterised by their heat exchangers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2400/00—General features or devices for refrigeration machines, plants or systems, combined heating and refrigeration systems or heat-pump systems, i.e. not limited to a particular subgroup of F25B
    • F25B2400/14—Power generation using energy from the expansion of the refrigerant
    • F25B2400/141—Power generation using energy from the expansion of the refrigerant the extracted power is not recycled back in the refrigerant circuit
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B30/00—Energy efficient heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC]
    • Y02B30/12—Hot water central heating systems using heat pumps

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Heat-Pump Type And Storage Water Heaters (AREA)

Abstract

In the heating installation, the solar radiation is not used, as normal up to now, only to heat the service water or heating water, but to drive a turbine which drives a compressor on the secondary side. The compressor can once again obtain more useful heat from the available primary energy (such as, e.g., air, earth etc.) by means of a cooling circuit. The efficiency of the installation increases as a result. If the solar energy is too low, a drive motor operates the compressor and the installation is thus always ready for use. Owing to the special design, the entire heating energy can be fed directly via a priority circuit into the service water preparation system if the service water temperature is too low. As a result, a limited amount of hot water is always directly available within a relatively short time. Moreover, the receiving capacity (e.g. in the case of electric compressors) can be just below the free limit of the energy supply company, so that a heating installation is available which is free of charge, can be used at any time and is suitable, in particular, for one-family and two-family houses.

Description

Beschreibungdescription

Kombination aus oonnenkollektor und sbarmepumpe Die Erfindung betrifft eine Kombination aus Sonnenkollektor und Wärmepumpe mit SchnellauSheizung. Combination of solar collector and barge pump The invention relates to a combination of solar collector and heat pump with quick heating.

Der Vorteil der in den Patenansprüchen 1 bis 7 beschriebenen Anlage ist, daß die Sonnenstrahlung mit dem Kältekreislauf in Wärme- und in mechanische Energie umgewandelt werden kann. Die Anlagen zeigen, daß die Ausführungen den vernünftigen Einsatz dieser Wärmepumpe auch bei bestehenden relativ kleinen Warmwasserspeichern ermöglichen. Bei den üblichen Wärmepumpenanlage@muß erst eine relativ hohe Aufheizzeit in Kauf genommen weraen, wenn der Speicher entleert wurde. The advantage of the system described in claims 1 to 7 is that the solar radiation with the refrigeration cycle in thermal and in mechanical Energy can be converted. The annexes show that the statements made are reasonable Use of this heat pump also with existing relatively small hot water storage tanks enable. With the usual heat pump systems @, a relatively long heating-up time is required Accepted if the memory was emptied.

Kit vorbezeichneter Anlage kann man begrenzte Mengen Wasser sehr schnell aufheizen. Damit kann man jede bestehende Zentralheizungsanlage mit vorbezeichneten Wärmepumpenanlagen ergänzen.With the kit of the above-mentioned system, you can get limited amounts of water very quickly Warm up. This means that you can pre-label any existing central heating system Supplement heat pump systems.

Der Wirkungsgrad der vorbeschriebenen Anlagen kann wesentlich höher sein, als die zur Zeit auf dem Markt befindlichen Anlagen. selbst gegenüber den reinen Solarzellen, die die Sonnenstrahlung direkt in elektriscnen strom umwandeln, kann der Gesamtwirkungsgrad wesentlich verbessert werden. The efficiency of the systems described above can be significantly higher than the systems currently on the market. even to the pure solar cells that convert solar radiation directly into electrical current, the overall efficiency can be significantly improved.

Die Erfindung wird im nachstehenden anhand von geicilnungen 1 bis 5 näher erläutert. Die Zeichnungen 1,2,2a und 3 zeigen verschiedene Ausführungsformen der erfindungsgemäßen Kombination. The invention is illustrated below with reference to figs. 1 to 5 explained in more detail. The drawings 1, 2, 2a and 3 show different embodiments the combination according to the invention.

Die jonnenstrahlung wird im Kältekreislauf I direkt iin Kollektor 1 in Wärme umgewandelt. Diese Wärme läßt das flüssige Kältemittel verdampfen und den Druck steigen. Dieter hohe Gasdruck treibt die Turbine 2. Im Kondensator 3 verflüssigt sich das Gas und der Druck sinkt dabei. Die Pumpe 4 bringt das flüssige Kältemittel unter honem Druck zurück zum Kollektor. Der Kältekreislauf II. funktioniert wie eine normale Wärmepumpe, nur daß der Verdichter über die Turbine 2 angetrieben wird. In Zeichnung 2 a wird die Sonnenstrahlung indirekt in mechanische Arbeit umgewandelt. Den Kombi-Kondensator zur Schnellaufheizung von begrenzter Menge Wasser zeigt Zeichnung 2. Eine andere Lösung, die augenblickliche Heizleistung voll für die gerade benötigte Wassermenge einzusetzen, stellt Zeichnung 3 dar. The solar radiation is collected in the refrigeration circuit I directly in the collector 1 converted into heat. This heat allows the liquid refrigerant to evaporate and the pressure will rise. Dieter high gas pressure drives the turbine 2. Liquefied in the condenser 3 the gas and the pressure drops. The pump 4 brings the liquid refrigerant under pressure back to the collector. The refrigeration cycle II. Works like a normal heat pump, only that the compressor is driven by the turbine 2. In drawing 2a the solar radiation is indirectly converted into mechanical work. The drawing shows the combination condenser for rapid heating of a limited amount of water 2. Another solution, the instantaneous heating power fully for the currently needed Amount of water to be used, is shown in drawing 3.

Mit der vorbeschriebenen Anlage kann die Sonnenwärme zusätzlich als mechanische Energie gewonnen werden. With the system described above, the solar heat can also be used as mechanical energy can be obtained.

Die Wärmepumpe zeichnet sich durch relativ schnelle Aufheizung von begrenzter Wassermenge aus. Die Anschlußleistung der Wärmepumpe kann unter der gebührenpflichtigen Grenze liegen. Dadurch wird eine kostengünstige Zusatz-Heizungsanlage ermöglicht, die besonders für Einfamilien-und Reihenhäuser ideal ist.The heat pump is characterized by its relatively rapid heating limited amount of water. The connected load of the heat pump can be under the chargeable Limit lie. This enables an inexpensive additional heating system, which is particularly ideal for single-family and terraced houses.

Claims (4)

Patentanspräche: 1. Kombination aus Sonnenkollektor und Wärmepumpe mit Schnellaufheizung, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Sonnenkollektor als direkter Verdampfer für einen Kältekreislauf arbeitet. Durch Sonnenenergie wird das Kältemittel erhitzt, das dabei vordampft und einen höneren Druck annimmt. Mit dem hohen Dampfdruck wird eine Turbine angetrieben, die Strom, mechanische Energie direkt oder indirekt erzeugt oder einen Verdichter direkt oder indirekt antreibt, Im Kondensator, der mit Heiz- oder Brauchwasser gekühlt wird, verringert sich der Kältemitteldruck und das gasförmige Kältemittel wird flüssig. Das flüssige Kältemittel wird mit einer Pumpe wieder zum Verdampfer zurückgefördert.Patent claims: 1. Combination of solar collector and heat pump with rapid heating, characterized in that the solar collector as a direct Evaporator for a refrigeration cycle is working. The refrigerant is made by solar energy heated, which pre-evaporates and takes on a higher pressure. With the high steam pressure a turbine is driven that generates electricity, mechanical energy directly or indirectly generates or drives a compressor directly or indirectly, In the condenser that is cooled with heating or service water, the refrigerant pressure is reduced and the gaseous refrigerant becomes liquid. The liquid refrigerant is supplied with a Pump returned to the evaporator. 2.) Kombination nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Turbine direkt oder indirekt einen Verdichter einer Wärmepumpenanlage antreibt. Die Wärmepumpe kann die Primärenergie aus Luft, Wasser, Erdreich oder sonst einer Wärmequelle verwenden und die Wärme auf der Sekundärseite an das ser, Luft oder eine sonstige Heizeinrichtung abgeben. 2.) Combination according to claim 1, characterized in that the Turbine directly or indirectly drives a compressor in a heat pump system. The heat pump can take the primary energy from air, water, soil or any other Use heat source and the heat on the secondary side to the water, air or give another heating device. 3.) Kombination nach einem der Ansprüche 1 und 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß jede Solaranlage, die mit Wasser oder einem anderen Wärmeträgermedium betrieben ist zusätzlich mit einem Verdampfer ausgerüstet wird, In diesem Verdampfer wird das Kaltemittel verdampft und auf hohen Druck gebracht. 3.) Combination according to one of claims 1 and 2, characterized in that that any solar system operated with water or another heat transfer medium is also equipped with an evaporator, In this evaporator is the refrigerant evaporates and brought to high pressure. 4.) Kombination nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Verdichter, auch mit anderer Energie, z. B. Strom angetriepen werden kann, wenn die Sonnenenergie nicht ausreicht oder nicht vorhanden ist. 4.) Combination according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that that the compressor, also with other energy, z. B. electricity can be driven, when the solar energy is insufficient or not available. 3.) Kombination nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4-,dadurn gekennzeichnet, daß die Antriebsleistung knapp unter der vom Energie-Versorgungs-Unternehmen ohne Grundgebünr oder Genehmigung, freigegebenen Anschlußgrenze liegt.,In der Regel dürfte diese Leistung 2 kW Aufnahmeleistung sein. Damit kann das Warmwasser- und Heizungswasser im Sommer und in der Übergengszeit aufgeheizt werden. Die Primärenergie kann von der Umwelt, Sonne, Luft, Erde verwendet werden. 3.) Combination according to one of claims 1 to 4-, characterized in that that the drive power is just below that of the energy supply company without Basic fee or approval, approved connection limit is., As a rule, should this power should be 2 kW input power. This allows the hot water and heating water can be heated up in summer and during the transition period. The primary energy can be from the environment, sun, air, earth. @.) Kimbination nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5, dadurch gekennzeicnnet, daß sich der Kondensator auch in einem kleinen Speicher, je nach den Anforderungen ca. 5 bis 10 Liter Inhalt befindet. In diesem speicher wird das Brauch-Warmwasser nach dem üblichen Warmwasser durchgeführt, Wird die Wärmepumpe auch für die Raumheizung verwendet, befindet sich im kleinen Speicher auch noch ein Wärme.-tauscher für die Wohnraumheizung. Je nach den Anforderungen kann sich in dem kleinen Speicher auch das Heizwasser befinden und das Brauchwarmwasser über einen im kleinen Speicher befindlichen Wärmetauscher aufgeheizt werden. Über einen schnell reagierendem Thermostat oder eine elektronische Temperaturüberwachung wird dann die Umwälzpumpe für die Brauch-Warmwassererzeugung oder die Heizungsumwälzpumpe oder beide Umwälzpumpen gesperrt. Dadurch ist auch nach völliger Entleerung des normalen großen peichers in relativ kurzer Zeit wieder Warmwasser mit den gewünschten Temperaturen in begrenzter Menge (z. B. @.) Kimbination according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized gekennzeicnnet, that the capacitor is also in a small memory, depending on the requirements approx. 5 to 10 liters Content is located. In this memory the Domestic hot water carried out after the usual hot water, the heat pump also used for space heating, is also located in the small storage tank a heat exchanger for heating the living area. Depending on the requirements can be The heating water is also located in the small storage tank and the domestic hot water is above a heat exchanger located in the small storage tank can be heated up. About a a fast-reacting thermostat or an electronic temperature monitor then the circulation pump for domestic hot water production or the heating circulation pump or both circulation pumps blocked. This means that even after the normal large peichers in a relatively short time again hot water with the desired Temperatures in limited quantities (e.g. Küche und Waschbecken) zur Verfügung. Die temperatur kann den Erfordernissen nach bis ca. 330C betragen.Kitchen and sink) available. The temperature can meet the requirements after up to approx. 330C. 7,) Kombination nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß als weitere. Möglicnkeit der Kondensator der Wärmepumpe auch als üblicher Doppelrohr- oder Gegenströmkondensator ausgeführt werden kann, über den das ge.-samte Brauch-Warmwasser fließen muß. Auch hier regelt ein Thermostat oder eine elektronische Temperatursteuerung die Umwälzpumpen. Auch hier kann die volle Heizleistung auf das im Moment benötigte Brauch-Warmwasser gegeben werden. Dadurch kann das Warmwasser nachgeheizt werden, wenn die Speichertemperatur zu tief ist. Soll diese. Wärmepumpe zusätzlich auch .t'ür Wohnraumheizung eingesetzt werden, so kann ein zusätz-Sicher Wärmetauscher direkt im Kältekreislauf oder im brauch-Warmwasser kreis eingebaut werden. 7,) Combination according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that that as further. Possibility of the condenser of the heat pump also as a usual double pipe or a counterflow condenser can be used, through which the entire domestic hot water must flow. Here, too, a thermostat or an electronic temperature controller regulates the circulation pumps. Here, too, the full heating output can be reduced to what is needed at the moment Domestic hot water can be given. This allows the hot water to be reheated, if the storage tank temperature is too low. Should this. Heat pump also .t'for living space heating, an additional heat exchanger can be installed directly in the cooling circuit or in the hot water circuit.
DE19843407454 1984-02-29 1984-02-29 Combination of solar collectors and heat pump Withdrawn DE3407454A1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19843407454 DE3407454A1 (en) 1984-02-29 1984-02-29 Combination of solar collectors and heat pump

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19843407454 DE3407454A1 (en) 1984-02-29 1984-02-29 Combination of solar collectors and heat pump

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
DE3407454A1 true DE3407454A1 (en) 1985-08-29

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DE19843407454 Withdrawn DE3407454A1 (en) 1984-02-29 1984-02-29 Combination of solar collectors and heat pump

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Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0272327A4 (en) * 1986-05-19 1990-11-28 Yamato Kosan Kk Heat exchanging system
DE4304688A1 (en) * 1993-01-05 1994-07-07 Rauscher Georg Low temp. heat engine e.g. for vehicle, current generator, refrigerator
DE102007046659A1 (en) * 2007-09-28 2009-04-02 Henke, Michael Hot water producing mechanism for operating heating system in solar plant, has turbine i.e. steam turbine, attached to supply line over feed line, where generator is connected with turbine for generation of current
EP1706690A4 (en) * 2003-12-11 2009-05-27 Carrier Corp Heat generating expander for heat pump systems
WO2009081092A3 (en) * 2007-12-21 2009-08-20 Hugh Breeden Verey Energy recovery system

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0272327A4 (en) * 1986-05-19 1990-11-28 Yamato Kosan Kk Heat exchanging system
DE4304688A1 (en) * 1993-01-05 1994-07-07 Rauscher Georg Low temp. heat engine e.g. for vehicle, current generator, refrigerator
EP1706690A4 (en) * 2003-12-11 2009-05-27 Carrier Corp Heat generating expander for heat pump systems
DE102007046659A1 (en) * 2007-09-28 2009-04-02 Henke, Michael Hot water producing mechanism for operating heating system in solar plant, has turbine i.e. steam turbine, attached to supply line over feed line, where generator is connected with turbine for generation of current
WO2009081092A3 (en) * 2007-12-21 2009-08-20 Hugh Breeden Verey Energy recovery system
GB2455773B (en) * 2007-12-21 2012-08-08 Hugh Breeden Verey Energy recovery system

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