DE3216778A1 - Reciprocating-piston engine with rotary slide valves - Google Patents

Abstract

Rotary slide valves of reciprocating-piston engines with rotary slide valve timing are driven with a continuous rotary motion. As a result, driving is necessary even during the phase in which they are under the radial loading of the working pressure and are causing high friction. This mode of operation causes high wear and poor opening cross-sections of the ports due to the continuous rotary motion. It is therefore proposed no longer to drive such rotary slide valves continuously but in each case via a locking mechanism such as, for example, a Maltese cross. It is thereby possible for the rotary slide valves to stand still during the phase in which they are under the radial loading of the working pressure and, due to the jerky rotary motion enforced by the Maltese cross, to open and close the ports very rapidly, larger mean cross-sections of flow thereby being available for a longer period.

Description

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Reciprocating machine with slide valve

The invention relates to a reciprocating piston machine with at least one rotary roller valve mounted in a housing such that it can be driven in rotation for controlling the outlet and / or inlet opening, each rotary roller valve having a radially extending opening for the flow medium to pass through, which on the one hand with the working space of the reciprocating piston engine and on the other hand with the exhaust or the fluid inlet the machine can be connected via corresponding openings in the housing.

Reciprocating piston machines of the type mentioned have become known for example from DE-OS 30 04 608 in the form of a Viörtäkt - internal combustion engine. Rotary roller valve controls are not only used in internal combustion engines, but also, for example Can be used advantageously for compressors. In particular, however, with internal combustion engines, there are significant Disadvantages of controlling such machines via rotary slide valves.

In known roller rotary valve controls, the roller rotary valve continuously in a suitable speed ratio to the speed of the reciprocating engine continuously driven. They are therefore under load during the compression cycle or during the work cycle after ignition in internal combustion engines and must be rotated under this load will. This creates high friction in the liners, which causes high wear and useless engine energy. The high level of friction also creates an increased thermal load, which is either accepted or through measures requiring additional construction must be cooled.

The continuous rotary movement simultaneously causes the inlet and outlet openings to be relatively slow and steady be opened and closed. This is as good as

The entire inlet and outlet cross-section is never available, whereby flow obstructions and further thermal loads occur. At the same time, this also increases the efficiency the machine deteriorates.

Because of the rapid formation of grooves on the continuously rotating roller valve, the necessary one also goes very quickly Leaked tightness.

With a machine version according to DE 30 04 608 with additional Although the outlet opening in the cylinder reduces the thermal load on the rotary roller valve, it still remains the disadvantage of the rotary movement under working pressure, which loss of drive causes and additional heat formation and scoring caused and thereby flow restrictions as a result inlet and outlet openings that are too small occur. These flow restrictions, in turn, worsen the efficiency and increase the thermal load.

The invention is therefore based on the object of a reciprocating piston engine to propose with rotary slide valves, in which the thermal load of the rotary slide valve as well as their Wear and the flow-hindering effect are further reduced and the tightness is improved.

According to the invention, this object is achieved in a reciprocating piston machine of the type described at the outset in that the rotary movement each roller rotary valve is controlled and effected via a locking mechanism. The locking gear is preferred designed as a Maltese cross drive. The movement of the rotary valve via a Maltese cross ensures that moving into the open position or into the closed position performed jerkily. This will complete the inlet and outlet openings as quickly as possible opened or closed, which means that the entire cross-section of the flow channel is available for the longest possible period stands. This considerably reduces the obstruction to flow.

and there is faster heat dissipation. This in turn means that the thermal load on the machine is reduced is and in internal combustion engines the charging and thus their Performance and efficiency is improved. Once the open or closed position has been reached, the rotary slide valve is at a standstill for the time of the associated stroke of the piston, so that the harmful rotary motion of the rotary slide valve5 not applicable under working pressure. This avoids the formation of grooves which would destroy the tightness. Likewise, the corresponding loss of performance of the machine itself is avoided.

The invention will now be based on the attached schematic drawing? N are explained in more detail. It is assumed that the basic structure of a reciprocating piston machine is familiar and therefore this reciprocating engine is no longer shown.

Show it:

Figure 1 cylinder head of a reciprocating piston engine

with two rotary slide valves as

Outbreak - section Figure 2 schematically shows the drive principle of the

Rotary slide valve Figure 3 section along the line I · - I or

I - III according to Figure 2, folded up in

the level I - II in Figure 2

A cylinder head 1 of a reciprocating piston engine of known design has two bearing bores 2 and 3, in each of which a rotary roller valve 21 and 22, respectively, is arranged in a likewise known manner and is stored. The bearing bore 2 is perforated in the radial direction by the inlet opening 4 and opposite from the opening 6. The bearing bore 3 is in penetrated in the radial direction by the outlet opening 5 and opposite the opening 7. The rotary roller valve 21 has a continuously radially extending opening 8 and the rotary roller valve 22 is a continuously extending radial

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Opening 9. Said openings 8 and 9 are in the same level as the openings 4 and 6 or 5 and 7, so that all openings in the corresponding rotary position of the respective rotary slide valve are consistent. This makes it possible, with a corresponding rotational position of the rotary roller valve 21 Via the opening 6 and the radially extending opening 8 of the rotary roller valve 21 via the inlet openings 4 as desired Bring flow medium into the working space 10. Such a flow medium can also be used with a corresponding rotary position of the rotary roller valve 22 via the outlet opening 5 through the radial opening 9 of the rotary roller valve 22 via the opening 7 to the outside world or passed into the exhaust.

The rotary slide valves 21 and 22 are equipped with shafts 13 and

14 connected, which in turn each rotatably with a Maltese cross 11 and 12 are connected. Drive pins engage in the radial grooves 19 of the Maltese cross 11 and 12 in a known manner 20, which are carried and driven by a drive wheel 15. The drive wheel 15 can over the axle be rotatably mounted in a suitable manner. The drive wheel

15 has an.seinem outer circumference-a toothing 16, whereby it becomes possible, this drive wheel 15 for example via a chain with a corresponding mating wheel more suitable Translation, which is, for example, non-rotatably arranged on the crankshaft of the reciprocating lathe, to connect. As a result, the necessary drive for the Maltese crosses 11 and 12 and thus for the rotary roller valve 21 and 22 are derived. As the rotary slide valve 21 or 22 are no longer under the radial load of the working pressure in the working space 10 during their rotary movement, only low torques are required to generate the necessary rotary motion. In addition, it is also possible to equip the rotary slide valve 21 and 22 as a hollow body with cavities 23, whereby the said rotary slide valve

can also be kept low-mass. Through this the necessary acceleration forces can also be reduced.

Through the drive of the rotary valve via a Maltese cross all advantages already described at the beginning can be achieved.

If the rotary roller valves are designed as hollow bodies, a cooling medium can also be passed through the cavities , whereby the thermal load can be further reduced.

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List of the reference symbols used

1 Cylinder head 2 Bearing bore 3 Bearing bore 4th Inlet port 5 Outlet opening 6th opening 7, opening 8th radial opening 9 radial opening 10 Work space 11th Maltese cross 12th Maltese cross 13th wave 14th wave 15th drive wheel 16 Gearing 17th axis IS Radial groove 19th Drive pin 20th Rotary slide valve 21 Rotary slide valve 22nd cavity

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Claims (2)

Claim to protection Reciprocating piston machine with at least one rotary cylinder slide valve for the control, which is mounted so as to be rotatable in a housing the outlet and / or inlet opening, each rotary roller valve one radial for the passage of the flow medium has extending opening, which on the one hand with the work space of the reciprocating engine and on the other hand with the exhaust or can be connected to the fluid inlet of the machine via corresponding openings in the housing, characterized in that that the rotary movement of each rotary roller valve (21, 22) is controlled and effected via a locking mechanism. 2. Reciprocating piston machine according to claim 1 characterized thereby, that the locking gear is designed as a Geneva drive (11, 12).