DE3211196A1 - Process for removing dust from different gas streams - Google Patents

Process for removing dust from different gas streams

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Publication number
DE3211196A1
DE3211196A1 DE19823211196 DE3211196A DE3211196A1 DE 3211196 A1 DE3211196 A1 DE 3211196A1 DE 19823211196 DE19823211196 DE 19823211196 DE 3211196 A DE3211196 A DE 3211196A DE 3211196 A1 DE3211196 A1 DE 3211196A1
Authority
DE
Germany
Prior art keywords
gas
gas streams
dust
temperature
mixing chamber
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
DE19823211196
Other languages
German (de)
Inventor
Alfred Dipl.-Ing. 6500 Mainz Knieper
Karl 6052 Mühlheim Steinbacher
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
GEA Group AG
Original Assignee
Metallgesellschaft AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Metallgesellschaft AG filed Critical Metallgesellschaft AG
Priority to DE19823211196 priority Critical patent/DE3211196A1/en
Publication of DE3211196A1 publication Critical patent/DE3211196A1/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B03SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03CMAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C3/00Separating dispersed particles from gases or vapour, e.g. air, by electrostatic effect
    • B03C3/01Pretreatment of the gases prior to electrostatic precipitation
    • B03C3/014Addition of water; Heat exchange, e.g. by condensation
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21CPROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
    • C21C5/00Manufacture of carbon-steel, e.g. plain mild steel, medium carbon steel or cast steel or stainless steel
    • C21C5/28Manufacture of steel in the converter
    • C21C5/38Removal of waste gases or dust

Abstract

To remove dust from a plurality of gas streams differing with respect to flow rate, composition, temperature, dust charge etc., a process is proposed in which each individual gas stream is conditioned separately, then fed to a gas mixing chamber and finally collectively purified in an electrostatic precipitator. Such a process is suitable in particular for the gas streams produced in a steel works from so-called secondary dust sources. In this case, gas streams from 25,000 to 2 million m<3>/h are produced in a temperature range from 50 to 750 DEG C. In order to be able to wholly or substantially avoid conditioning at low gas temperatures, which is only possible with expensive steam, it is proposed to humidify the gas streams at relatively high initial temperature more intensively than is required for the electrostatic purification, in order to introduce into the gas mixing chamber by this means the amount of moisture required for the gas streams of low temperature and to be able to feed to the electrostatic precipitator a correctly conditioned overall gas stream.

Description

Verfahren zur Entstaubung unterschiedlicher Process for dedusting different

Gasströme Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf ein Verfahren zur Entstaubung mehrerer hinsichtlich Menge, Zusammensetzung, Temperatur, Staubbeladung usw. unterschiedlicher Gasströme. Gas flows The invention relates to a method for dedusting several different in terms of quantity, composition, temperature, dust load, etc. Gas flows.

Eine derartige Aufgabe liegt u.a. bei Stahlwerken vor, wo man sich in zunehmendem Maße bemüht, alle Staubquellen zu erfassen und die Umweltbelastung durch staubhaltige Abgase möglichst gering zu halten. Die Staubquellen sind dabei nicht nur räumlich voneinander getrennt, sie weichen auch nach Gasmenge, Gastemperatur, Staubbeladung und Staubqualität stark voneinander ab und weisen darüber hinaus starke und rasch wechselnde Schwankungen auf.Such a task occurs, among other things, at steelworks, where one is increasingly trying to capture all dust sources and environmental pollution to be kept as low as possible by dusty exhaust gases. The dust sources are there not only spatially separated from each other, they also give way to gas quantity, gas temperature, Dust load and dust quality differ greatly from one another and also show strong and rapidly changing fluctuations.

Neben der Hauptentstaubungsanlage für die Konverterabgase, die in modernen Anlagen meist mit einer Einrichtung zur Gewinnung der brennbaren Abgase verbunden ist, ist eine weitere Entstaubungsanlage zur Erfassung und Reinigung der sogenannten Nebenstaubquellen erforderlich.In addition to the main dedusting system for the converter exhaust gases in modern systems mostly with a device for the recovery of the combustible exhaust gases connected is another dedusting system for collecting and cleaning the so-called secondary dust sources are required.

In der folgenden Tabelle sind einige Nebenstaubquellen mit ihren bei verschiedenen Betriebszuständen anfallenden Gasmengen zusammengestellt.In the following table are some secondary dust sources with their at different operating states accumulating gas quantities compiled.

Staubquelle Betriebsart Temperatur Menge (Oc) m3/h Umfüllgrube Ständiges Absaugen 50 25 000 Umfüllen 80 205 000 Abschlackstand Abschlacken 80 105 000 Ab s chl ac k s t and Ständiges Absaugen 70 12 500 Mischer Einfüllen 70 200 000 Entnehmen 70 200 000 Einfüllen v.Schrott 400 1 235 000 Einfüllen v.Roheisen 750 1 875 000 Konverter Erschmelzen von 250 575 000 Rohstahl Ausleeren v. Rohstahl 100 820 000 und Schlacke Argonspül- Spülen 200 260 000 anlage Bei einer Stahlwerksanlage mit zwei Konvertern sind häufig auch zwei Abschlackstände, zwei Mischer und zwei Argonspülanlagen vorhanden, so daß sich die Zahl der Nebenstaubquellen dadurch verdoppeln kann. Dust source Operating mode Temperature Amount (Oc) m3 / h Transfer pit Constant Suction 50 25 000 Transfer 80 205 000 Deslagging level Deslagging 80 105 000 Ab C on s t and Constant suction 70 12 500 Mixer filling 70 200 000 Removing 70 200 000 Filling of scrap 400 1 235 000 Filling of pig iron 750 1 875 000 Converter melting of 250 575 000 crude steel emptying v. Crude steel 100 820 000 and slag argon flushing flushing 200 260 000 plant In a steel mill plant with two converters are often two deslagging stands, two mixers and two argon flushing systems available, so that the number of secondary dust sources can double as a result.

Alle anfallenden Gasmengen aus den Nebenstaubquellen sollen letztlich einem Abgaskamin zugeführt werden, wobei zweckmäßigerweise auch nur ein Gebläse und als Entstauber ein Elektrofilter vorgesehen werden.All gas quantities from the secondary dust sources should ultimately be fed to an exhaust chimney, expediently also only one fan and an electrostatic precipitator can be provided as a dust extractor.

Da die anfallenden Stäube erfahrungsgemäß einen sehr hohen elektrischen Widerstand aufweisen, was die Abscheidung im Elektrofilter sehr schwierig macht, muß eine an sich bekannte Konditionierung vorgesehen werden, d.h. eine Befeuchtung und/oder Kühlung der Gas ströme mittels Zumischen von Dampf und/oder Einsprühen von Wasser. Die Konditionierung mit Wasser in einem Konditionierungsturm ist jedoch nur dann möglich, wenn die jeweilige Gastemperatur hoch genug liegt, um die erforderliche Wassermenge von z.B. 15 g je m3 Abgas verdampfen zu können. Bei niedrigen Gastemperaturen kommt nur eine Konditionierung mit Dampf in Betracht, was jedoch etwa 10 mal so teuer ist, wie eine Konditionierung mit Wasser.Experience has shown that the dust produced has a very high electrical level Have resistance, which makes separation in the electrostatic precipitator very difficult, a conditioning known per se must be provided, i.e. humidification and / or cooling the gas flows by means of admixing steam and / or spraying of water. Conditioning with water in a conditioning tower is, however only possible if the respective gas temperature is high enough, in order to be able to evaporate the required amount of water of e.g. 15 g per m3 of exhaust gas. At low gas temperatures, only conditioning with steam is possible, which is about 10 times as expensive as conditioning with water.

Es stellt sich somit die Aufgabe, bei einem Verfahren der eingangs genannten Art die Gasentstaubung möglichst wirtschaftlich durchzuführen und für alle Betriebszustände der Gesamtanlage sicherzustellen, daß die vorgegebenen Staubgehalte im Reingas auch dann nicht überschritten werden, wenn kurzzeitig aus einzelnen Staubquellen maximale Gasmengen mit hohem Staubgehalt und hoher Temperatur anfallen. Ferner ist sicherzustellen, daß auch Gasmengen niedriger Temperatur ausreichend konditioniert werden, ohne daß hierbei mehr als unbedingt erforderlich auf die teuere Konditionierung mit Wasserdampf zurückgegriffen werden muß.It is therefore the task of a method of the initially mentioned type to carry out the gas dedusting as economically as possible and for all operating conditions of the entire system ensure that the specified dust content in the clean gas are not exceeded even if briefly from individual dust sources maximum amounts of gas with a high dust content and high temperature occur. Furthermore is ensure that low-temperature gas quantities are also adequately conditioned without doing more than absolutely necessary on the expensive conditioning must be resorted to with steam.

Zur Lösung dieser Aufgabe wird vorgeschlagen, die einzelnen Gas ströme je für sich zu konditionieren, dann einer Gasmischkammer zuzuführen und schließlich gemeinsam in einem Elektrofilter zu reinigen. Die Konditionierung wird zweckmäßigerweise in Konditionierungstürmen durch Einsprühen von Wasser und/oder Dampf durchgeführt. In weiterer Ausbildung des Erfindungsgedankens ist vorgesehen, daß der Mischkammer außerdem nicht konditionierte staubhaltige Gasströme zugeführt werden. Vorzugsweise wird das Verfahren zur Entstaubung der in einem Stahlwerk anfallenden Gasströme aus Nebenstaubquellen angewendet.To solve this problem, it is proposed that the individual gas flows to condition each individually, then to be fed to a gas mixing chamber and finally to be cleaned together in an electrostatic precipitator. Conditioning is expedient carried out in conditioning towers by spraying water and / or steam. In a further development of the inventive concept it is provided that the mixing chamber in addition, non-conditioned dust-containing gas streams are fed in. Preferably is the process for dedusting the gas flows occurring in a steelworks applied from secondary dust sources.

Nach der Erfindung ist es möglich, die Konditionierungstürme für die einzelnen Gasströme eng an die jeweiligen Betriebsverhältnisse angepaßt auszulegen und entsprechend., Regeleinrichtungen vorzusehen und Schwankungen durch Änderung der Wassereindüsung rasch auszugleichen, so daß der Gasmischkammer für eine Entstaubung weitgehend optimale aufbereitete Gasströme zugeleitet werden können Ferner ist es möglich, Gasströme hoher Anfangstemperatur stärker als erforderlich anzufeuchten, um sich eine Konditionierung von Gas strömen niedrigerer Temperatur mit Dampf zu ersparen, weil der Feuchtigkeitsanteil dann so hoch eingestellt werden kann, daß nach der Mischung der beiden Gasströme der angestrebte Endfeuchtigkeitsgehalt im Gasstrom vorhanden ist.According to the invention it is possible to use the conditioning towers for the individual gas flows closely to the respective operating conditions customized to be interpreted and accordingly., to provide control devices and fluctuations by Change the water injection to compensate quickly, so that the gas mixing chamber for a dedusting process, largely optimal processed gas flows can be fed It is also possible to use gas flows with a higher initial temperature than necessary to moisten to get a conditioning of gas flows of lower temperature to save with steam, because the moisture content can then be set so high can that after the mixing of the two gas streams the desired final moisture content is present in the gas stream.

Dabei hängt es von der Gesamtkonzeption der Stahlwerksanlage und deren Betriebsweise ab, ob überhaupt noch eine Dampf konditionierung vorgesehen werden muß. Sind derart günstige Verhältnisse nicht gegeben, muß für einzelne kritische Gasströme eine Dampfkonditionierung vorgesehen werden oder aber eine kombinierte Wasser- und Dampfkonditionierung, die mittels der Regelung in Abhängigkeit von der Eintrittstemperatur wahlweise eingeschaltet werden kann. Im allgemeinen wird man jedoch bei dem vorgeschlagenen Verfahren auf eine Dampfkonditionierung ganz verzichten können, insbesondere wenn eine ausreichend große Mischkammer vorgesehen wird, die es erlaubt, kurzzeitig auftretende kritische Verhältnisse auszugleichen und dem Elektrofilter stets einen gleichmäßigen und ausreichend konditionierten Gesamtgasstrom zuzuführen.It depends on the overall design of the steel mill and its Operating mode from whether steam conditioning is still to be provided at all got to. If such favorable conditions are not given, individual ones must be critical Steam conditioning can be provided for gas flows or a combined one Water and steam conditioning, which by means of the control depending on the Inlet temperature can optionally be switched on. Generally one will however, completely dispense with steam conditioning in the proposed method can, especially if a sufficiently large mixing chamber is provided, the it allows to compensate briefly occurring critical conditions and the Electrostatic precipitators always have a uniform and adequately conditioned total gas flow to feed.

Claims (4)

PATENTANSPRÜCHE 1. Verfahren zur Entstaubung mehrerer hinsichtlich Menge, Zusammensetzung, Temperatur, Staubbeladung usw. unterschiedlicher Gasströme, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die einzelnen Gasströme je für sich konditioniert werden, dann einer Gasmischkammer zugeführt und schließlich gemeinsam in einem Elektrofilter gereinigt werden.PATENT CLAIMS 1. Method for dedusting several with regard to Amount, composition, temperature, dust load etc. of different gas flows, characterized in that the individual gas streams are each conditioned individually, then fed to a gas mixing chamber and finally together in an electrostatic precipitator getting cleaned. 2. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Konditionierung in Konditionierungstürme durch Einsprühen von Wasser und/oder Dampf erfolgt.2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the conditioning takes place in conditioning towers by spraying water and / or steam. 3. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Mischkarnmer außerdem nichtkonditionierte staubhaltige Gasströme zugeführt werden.3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the mixing chamber in addition, non-conditioned dust-containing gas streams are supplied. 4. Anwendung des Verfahrens nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3 zur Enstaubung der in einem Stahlwerk anfallenden Gasströme aus Nebenstaubquellen.4. Application of the method according to one of claims 1 to 3 for dust removal the gas flows from secondary dust sources occurring in a steelworks.
DE19823211196 1982-03-26 1982-03-26 Process for removing dust from different gas streams Withdrawn DE3211196A1 (en)

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19823211196 DE3211196A1 (en) 1982-03-26 1982-03-26 Process for removing dust from different gas streams

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103909014A (en) * 2014-04-01 2014-07-09 安徽博隆机械制造有限公司 Humidifier tower system in cement plant

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3784389A (en) * 1971-02-22 1974-01-08 Smidth & Co As F L Method of and apparatus for burning cement including atomizing dryer in cyclone preheater bypass
US4126471A (en) * 1976-07-09 1978-11-21 Klockner-Humboldt-Deutz Aktiengesellschaft Method and apparatus for the thermal treatment of alkali-containing pulverized raw material to be used in the manufacture of cement
DE3209185A1 (en) * 1981-04-24 1982-11-11 Wahlco International, Inc., 19801 Wilmington, Del. GAS TREATMENT DEVICE FOR A NUMBER OF BOILERS

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3784389A (en) * 1971-02-22 1974-01-08 Smidth & Co As F L Method of and apparatus for burning cement including atomizing dryer in cyclone preheater bypass
US4126471A (en) * 1976-07-09 1978-11-21 Klockner-Humboldt-Deutz Aktiengesellschaft Method and apparatus for the thermal treatment of alkali-containing pulverized raw material to be used in the manufacture of cement
DE3209185A1 (en) * 1981-04-24 1982-11-11 Wahlco International, Inc., 19801 Wilmington, Del. GAS TREATMENT DEVICE FOR A NUMBER OF BOILERS

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
Fachberichte Hüttenpraxis, Metallverarbeitung, 1979, H. 1, S. 47,48 *

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103909014A (en) * 2014-04-01 2014-07-09 安徽博隆机械制造有限公司 Humidifier tower system in cement plant

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