DE3209489A1 - Apparatus in particular for inert-gas welding and thermal cutting - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to an apparatus in particular for inert-gas welding and thermal cutting with continuously melting filler metal. The aim is to ensure a high welding quality with reduced costs for the filler metal and, in an efficient mode of operation, to widen the ranges of application in particular for thermal cutting. When simple-to-produce hollow sections are used, the reeling and straightening of the hollow sections is to be dispensed with. The apparatus is to permit the feed of powdery, pasty, gaseous, solid and liquid media and is to be usable for the welding and thermal cutting of any materials even under water. According to the invention, the apparatus has in a pressure-tight housing or housings at least one reel with a preferably band-shaped filler metal and at least one downstream profiling device, in particular for hollow sections, as well as pressure-tight connections for the filler-metal feed to the profiling device and welding or cutting nozzle and a device for feeding any media to the welding or cutting nozzle in particular through the hollow section. <IMAGE>

Description

Authorized representative

Dr. @@. techn. Klaus Heyner Central Office for Property Rights and Innovator Movement of the Ministry of Higher Education and Technical Schools of the German Democratic Republic in the Technical University of Dresden 8027 Dresden, Moimnsenstr. 13 device especially for gas-shielded welding and thermal races The invention relates to a device in particular for gas-shielded welding and thermal cutting with continuously melting one filler material, in which the filler material fed from a reel via a feed device to the welding or cutting nozzle is used, for example, for joint welding and build-up welding or

for cutting metallic materials as well as concrete and other non-metallic materials Materials.

It is well known devices of the type described above Type for continuous welding with wire-shaped or strip-shaped filler material use. For inert gas welding with continuously melting wires or Strips, the shielding gas is fed to the wire or strip end from the outside. For this Special welding nozzles with an external shielding gas supply were developed. The disadvantage these protective gas feeds consists in the instability of the protective gas atmosphere when welding under construction site conditions. Because the shielding gas comes from the welding nozzle flows out over a large area at a relatively large distance from the weld pool, is already at low air movement at the welding area does not provide reliable protection for the weld pool more guaranteed.

This has a detrimental effect on the quality of the weld seam.

Because of the disadvantages of wire and tape-like additional material when Welding under shielding gas, which is caused by the complicated, difficult to control If you have gas or powder supply to the weld pool, the use of powder-filled ones wins Hollow wires increasing in importance. For this purpose, strips are profiled to form hollow wires and during the profiling before the closing and welding of the annular Profile filled with powder. Then the powder wires are used for storage as well wound on a reel for transport. When welding, they are made with powder filled Hollow wires are fed from the reel to the welding nozzle via a feed device. Good quality hollow wires filled with powder require as dense and as possible seamless filling and a durable covering through the hollow profile. Has to do this For example, in accordance with DS-AS 2 515 342, two bands can be used to create a lower band at the same time U-shaped and an upper circular arc-shaped profile continuously produced, wherein the upper profile engages in the U-profile. Here is the previously during During the profiling process, welding powder is also continuously filled into the U-profile at least partially enveloped and held at the bottom of the U-profile. In the final phase the profiling process, the two profiles are deformed together so that the filled Powder strand is completely surrounded by the tape with originally U-shaped profile. The abutting edges of this profile are welded. The pickled upper profile serves to consolidate the powder strand and covers the weld seam from inside. With the method described, the previous shortcomings of the powder-filled Hollow wires, such as incomplete filling, bursting of the seam, leaks, etc. largely eliminated, but the production of such hollow wires is proportionate expensive.

In addition, the powder-filled hollow wire must be used for storage and transport and brought onto a reel for the continuous melting process. Here undesired stresses and deformations occur during unwinding before the Feed to the welding nozzle, for example, eliminated by a Richtrolleijsatz Need to become. The pressure to be exerted on the hollow wire can cause: Damage of the hollow wire.

In connection with marine research and its use by the Marine technology has recently increased the amount of installation and repair work under water, with welding and thermal cutting increasing under water Maintain importance.

When welding under water with continuous powder wire feed the same disadvantages already described result.

The plasma cutting under water is due to the necessary technical equipment Equipment relatively expensive. In addition, there are still unsolved problems regarding the stability of the cutting process, the high wear of the lead electrodes as well as the required high amperage and occupational health and safety.

The remaining difficulties and relatively high costs are obviously the cause of the powder wire welding and plasma cutting have not yet found widespread use under water. (Welding technology, Berlin (1977) 11 5. 486 and 490) Finally, there are devices for water jet cutting known under water, with those with continuously melting wire electrode is being worked (welding technology, Berlin, 27 (1977) 11 p. 490). With this one with high Productivity usable device consists essentially of a burner Contact nozzle for power supply, which is surrounded by a water nozzle. The circular around the electrode wire fed to the separation point with relatively high pressure Water jet cools the electrode wire, stabilizes the arc and hurls it the melted ivletall from the kerf. With this device used in laboratory tests has produced good results in a limited area of application, obviously exist there are still problems with the technical design for cutting at greater depths under water, so that water jet cutting has not yet established itself in practice could.

The aim of the invention is to provide a device in particular for gas-shielded welding and to create thermal cutting with continuously melting filler metal, with a high quality of the weld with reduced costs for the filler material is secured. For the thermal Separate should be more rational Working method result in extended application possibilities.

The invention is based on the object of a device in particular to develop gas-shielded welding and thermal cutting that allow the hollow profiles easier to manufacture and towards the unwinding of the hollow profiles waive. Despite the simpler production of the hollow profile, it should be complete The hollow profile is filled with welding powder and, if necessary, with welding paste be. The device should also be used for gas-shielded welding with hollow profiles Filler material with the supply of gaseous media can be used and a rational one thermal cutting of concrete, stone and the like, as well as welding and thermal Allow separation underwater. For high quality welding and cutting a tight, unimpaired gas supply should be possible. After all, it should allow the device, dispensing with gas protection as a filler material to use unfilled hollow profiles or wire.

According to the invention the object is achieved in that the device has at least one reel, preferably with strip-shaped filler material, which at least one profiling device for the production of hollow profiles from the filler material is downstream, which is expediently designed at the same time as a feed device is. The aforementioned housing has a pressure-tight feed for the filler material from the reel to the profiling device and from the profiling device to the welding or Cutting nozzle Furthermore, the housing has at least one connection piece or another device for the supply of liquid or solid or gas, powder or paste-like media or mixtures of several media.

The profiling device or devices as well as the reel or Reels can be arranged together in a pressure-tight housing.

In another variant of the device, the profiling device or devices as well as the reel or

Reels can be arranged in pressure-tight housings.

Here is the supply of the filler material from the reel to the Profiling device designed as a pressure-tight, preferably flexible connection.

For pressure-tight feeding of the filler material from the profiling device to the welding or cutting nozzle, the welding or cutting nozzle can be directly pressure-tight on the Housing be arranged.

To facilitate welding or cutting by hand with a Welding or cutting torch is used to feed the filler material from the profiling device for welding or. Cutting nozzle between the pressure-tight housing and the welding or cutting nozzle to provide a pressure-tight, preferably flexible, connection.

Furthermore, it is conceivable that for the supply of one or more additional Filler materials of any profile through the cavity of the hollow profile Additional material or in addition to this appropriate means are provided. As Xlittel e.g. an additional reel with a downstream feed or profiling device be provided.

To create a dependent arc, an additional wire- or strip-shaped filler material one opposite that designed as a hollow profile Filler material insulated sheathed endless electrode can be used.

For the simultaneous feeding of several hollow profiles or other profiles The additional material that is preferably used as a feed device can be used at the same time Profiling device designed accordingly or a corresponding number preferably at the same time serving as a feed device profiling devices with one or several upstream Be arranged reels. legs rational The solution would be conceivable if, for example, a rasp is used as a double reel for receiving is formed by two bands, a band and a wire, etc. and the profiling rollers each have two parallel side-by-side profiles or in the profiling device two pairs of rollers are provided next to each other.

The device could with and without power supply to the filler metal or be designed for the additional materials. As a means for power supply Contact nozzles can be used. When feeding several additional materials For example, the welding or cutting torch can act as a contact nozzle and parallel to have a currentless nozzle.

This allows welding or cutting with a dependent arc will.

For supplying liquid or gaseous media through one or more Hollow profiles used as additional materials are available for the pressure-tight housing with a or in connection with a corresponding number of pressure lines. Expedient is the pressure of the gases or liquids adjusted or by known means adjustable.

A gaseous medium is advantageously used for thermal separation Oxygen is used and the cutting nozzle is designed as a contact nozzle.

For cleaning the kerf of slag and other residues a high pressure water jet can be fed to the kerf, in which the Housing is connected to a corresponding pressure line.

The main advantage of the 'binding is that the continuous Profiling of the filler material for welding and thermal cutting during welding or thermal cutting and, if so desired, the filling of the produced hollow profile with powder or paste in the device for welding and thermal separation is possible. An essential part of the invention is the arrangement of the combined feed and profiling direction as well as the additional material feeds in a pressure tight System. This prevents the supply of gaseous or liquid media or the powder or paste under pressure. As both the reel as well as the feed of the additional material to the profiling device and the feeding of the hollow profile to the welding or cutting nozzle in the pressure-tight Can be arranged on a complicated production of the powder or system another medium very tightly enclosing and during transport and in use very durable hollow profile can be dispensed with. The simultaneous profiling in the The feed device saves the transport and the additional reeling of the hollow profile.

By eliminating the need for additional rewinding, there are no unwanted ones Deformations. Despite these advantages, the manufacturing cost is that of the present invention Device lower than the cost of producing a profiled separately device for the production of a powder wire and a device for continuous Feeding of the powder wire to the welding or cutting nozzle. That is remarkable significantly expanded scope of the device.

In the following, the invention will be based on three embodiment # examples are explained in more detail. The accompanying drawings show: FIG. 1: one according to the invention Device for an automatic welding machine for joint welding under Protective gas, #? Ig. 2: the schematic representation of the deformation stages through the Profiling of a round hollow profile from band-shaped additive zwerkst off, Fig. 3: a device according to the invention for manual operation for the thermal separation of \ materials with melting filler material with oxygenation under pressure, Fig. 4j die Representation of a device for filling a filler material designed as a hollow profile with welding powder during the production of the hollow profile by the profiling device in cross section.

As Fig. 1 shows, there is in particular for automatic welding machines provided device essentially from a simultaneously as a feed device active profiling device 1 with profiling rollers 2; 3; 4; 5; 6; 7; 8th; 9, which is arranged in a pressure-tight housing 10. The drive of the profiling rollers 2; 3; 4; 5; 6; 7; 8th; 9 takes place in a known manner via a drive device, not shown. There is also a reel 11 in the housing æ, which is the continuous A strip-shaped additional material 12 is fed to the profiling device 1.

Between the reel 11 and the profiling device 1 is a guide roller 13 provided. The housing 10 has a connection piece 14 for the supply of Gas on. The pressure of the gas can be adjusted by a device not shown. Furthermore, with the housing 10 is a welding nozzle designed as an electrical contact nozzle 15 directly connected. The welding nozzle 15 is controlled by the profiling device 1 Deformed strip-shaped filler material 12 supplied as a hollow profile 16. The melting one Filler material 12 connects the workpiece parts 17; 18th

The mode of operation of the device is as follows: L; aCh switch on of the current to the welding nozzle 15 and the formation of the arc 19 is simultaneously with the beginning of the melting of the hollow profile 16, the drive for the profiling device 1 switched on and thus over the profiling rollers 2; 3; 4; 5; 6; 7; 8th; 9 the feed of the initially band-shaped filler material 12 initiated, which in this case of the Reel 11 runs out. By from the profiling rollers 2; 3; 4; 5; 6; 7; 8th; 9 educated four pairs of profiling rollers takes place, as shown in FIG. 2, in the four corresponding ones Transformation stages I; II; III; IV the reshaping of the strip-shaped filler material 12 to the hollow profile 16 ,. During the welding process, the welding point is over the connection piece 14 and the hollow profile 16 continuously protective gas in the desired Amount and supplied with the desired pressure.

itie Fig. 3 shows, is in another variant of the invention Device intended for the thermal cutting of materials by hand, the arrangement of the line in the housing 10 compared to the device shown in FIG unchanged for joint welding. A cutting torch is provided for easier handling 20, which has an Ochneiddüse 21, via a flexible hollow cable 22 to the housing 10 connected pressure-tight. The material to be cut is denoted by 23.

After the filler material, which is now designed as a hollow profile 16 12 was brought to the melting temperature, is carried out by supplying oxygen the connection piece 14, the housing 10 and the hollow profile 16 such a strong temperature increase by burning the filler material that the material to be cut is at the cutting point melts or also burns. At the same time, the products of combustion or melt products blown out of the emerging joint.

For the continuous production of a powder-filled hollow profile 16 in the device according to the invention is gene in the housing 10. Fig. 4 is a funnel-shaped Filling device 24 arranged, the mouth of which is in the preformed one hollow profile 16 is still open. Then the filled profile becomes ring-shaped closed. The filled hollow profile is then a corresponding # welding nozzle, for example the welding nozzle 15 arranged directly on the housing 10 fed. The filled hollow profile can also be a welding nozzle of a welding torch which is connected to the housing 10 via a hollow cable. When feeding With powder-filled hollow wires, the housing 10 does not need to be pressure-tight or a housing in the form of a holder can be used.

In all examples, the reel 11 can both in the housing 10 and be arranged outside the housing 10.

Naturally, with additional supply of protective or combustion gases, Oxygen and liquids to the welding or cutting point the supply of the filler material 12 to Make housing 10 pressure-tight. Sealing problems will be largely avoided when the reel 11, as shown in Fig. 1, together with the Profiling device 1 is housed in a housing 10 or if the The reel 11 and the profiling device 1 are each in a pressure-tight housing 10 are located. In the latter case, it is for the supply of the strip-shaped filler material 12 from the reel 11 to the profiling device 1 pressure-tight flexible hollow cable provided between the two housings.

The variant according to FIG. 3 is particularly useful when oxygen is supplied advantageous for thermal re-rolling of materials under water, e.g. for cutting of ship parts. A device designed according to the invention for welding can also be used for repair welds on ships under water.

List of the reference numbers used for the patent application "Device especially for gas-shielded welding and thermal frelmen "1 profiling device 2 3) 4) 5) 6 profiling rollers 7) 9 10 housing 11 reel 12 filler metal 13 Guide roller 14 connection socket 15 welding nozzle 16 hollow profile 17) workpiece part 18 19 Cutting torch 20 Cutting nozzle 21 Ilohlkabel 22 the material to be cut I) II) III Forming stage III) XV Blank page

Claims (12)

Claims device in particular for gas-shielded welding and thermal cutting with continuously melting filler material, in which the filler material from a reel via a feed device of the welding respectively. Cutting nozzle is supplied, characterized in that the device at least a reel (11), preferably with strip-shaped filler material (12), which at least one profiling device (1) for the production of hollow profiles is arranged downstream is, expediently designed at the same time as a feed device and is preferably arranged in a pressure-tight housing (10), each one pressure-tight feed of the additional material (12) from the reel (11) to the profiling device (i) and from the profiling device (1) to the welding or cutting nozzle and also at least one connection piece (14) or some other device for feeding of liquid or solid, or also gaseous, powder or paste-like media or of mixtures of several media, preferably within the hollow profile or profiles owns. 2. Apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that the profiling device (1) or devices as well as the reel (11) or reels together in a pressure-tight Housing (10) are arranged. 3. Apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that the profiling device (1) or devices as well as the reel (ii) or reel each in pressure-tight Housings (10) are arranged and the supply of the filler material (12) from the Reel (11) or the reels to the profiling device (1) or to the devices is designed as a pressure-tight, preferably flexible connection. 4. Apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that the pressure-tight Feeding of the additional material (12) from the profiling device (1) or from the devices for the welding or cutting nozzle (15; 20) the welding or cutting nozzle (15; 20) is arranged directly on the pressure-tight housing (10). 5. Apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that for feeding of the filler material (12) from the profiling device (1) to the welding or cutting nozzle (15; 20) between the pressure-tight housing (10) and the welding or cutting nozzle (15; 20) there is a pressure-tight, preferably flexible connection. 6. Apparatus according to claim 1 to 5, characterized in that Means for the simultaneous supply of one or more additional filler materials any profile through the cavity of the filler material designed as a hollow profile (12) or are provided to run alongside this and the welding or cutting nozzle is designed accordingly for guiding several Lusatzwerkstoffe. 7. Apparatus according to claim 1 and 6, characterized in that as an additional wire or strip-shaped filler material compared to the Hollow profile (16) formed filler material (12) isolated encased endless Electrode is used. 8. Apparatus according to claim 1 and 7, characterized in that for the simultaneous feeding of several pile profiles or wires or other profiles as filler material (12) or filler materials, which are preferably at the same time profiling device (1) serving as a feed device is designed accordingly or a corresponding number, preferably simultaneously, as a feed device serving profiling devices (1) with one or several upstream Reels is arranged. 9. Apparatus according to claim 1 and 4 to 8, characterized in that that if necessary means for the power supply to one or more hollow profiles or one or more additional filler materials of any desired profile are. 10. The device according to claim 1 and 6 to 9, characterized in that that the pressure-tight housing (10) for supplying gaseous or liquid media by an or several additional work in the form of a hollow profile (16) fabrics (12) for Welding or cutting nozzle (15; 20) with one or with a corresponding number Pressure lines are in communication and the pressure is adjustable by known means or is adjustable 11. The device according to claim 1 and 4 to 9, characterized in that that used for thermal separation as a gaseous medium, oxygen at high pressure is and the cutting nozzle (20) is designed as a contact nozzle. 12. Apparatus according to claim 1 and 10, characterized in that for the continuous cleaning of the kerf as a liquid water with high Pressure is used.