DE3150353A1 - Arrangement for operating an electrical prime mover, linked to a track, by means of a synchronous linear motor - Google Patents

Abstract

In order to detect the pole position of a synchronous linear motor when the vehicle is stationary or has fallen out of step, a device is provided which introduces a three-phase current supply from the substation at less than 1/10 of the rated current and at a frequency from zero up to the maximum operating frequency after the power supply has been disconnected or has been returned. A measurement arrangement for detecting the reduced stator current for determining the pole position contains a plurality of magnetic field measurement probes (6 to 12), especially Hall generators, which are arranged distributed over at least one pole pitch on a common magnetic return-path body. Each magnetic field measurement probe (6 to 12) has allocated to it a pole shoe (5b) which broadens towards the stator (3) and whose maximum width corresponds at least approximately to the width of the laminate stack of the stator (3). <IMAGE>

Description

Arrangement for the operation of a pedestrianized electrical

between motor vehicle with a synchronous linear motor The invention relates to an arrangement for operating a track-bound electrical Traction vehicle with a synchronous linear motor in the preamble of the claim 1 mentioned Art.

From DE-PS 26 10 752 a circuit arrangement for operating a track-bound electric traction vehicle with a synchronous linear motor known in which the exciter is either a permanent magnet or a direct current is formed through the excitation winding. This exciter arrangement can Extend over the entire length of the vehicle. The stator is a traveling field winding arranged along the route. This traveling field development, which is generally called Multi-phase winding is formed, generated in accordance with the voltage fed in and frequency a traveling field running in the longitudinal direction of the route, which is a driving torque on the pathogen and thus on the vehicle. The driving distance is in a number divided by route sections, with each route section a traveling wave winding is assigned and the individual traveling wave winding of the formed in this way multi-part synchronous linear motor from a number of controllable static Converters are fed, which are arranged distributed along the route. the Converters can be controlled with regard to the output voltage and output frequency and will be dependent on a die Detecting the pole position of the pathogen Measuring arrangement clocked.

This measuring arrangement has one at a predetermined point on the traction vehicle arranged transmitting device with a to a medium or high frequency transmitter connected primary winding and a receiving device arranged on the route with one or more measuring windings. A receiver is attached to each of these measuring windings each with an amplitude modulator and a decoding circuit connected. The output signals of the decoding circuit represent a measure for the pole orientation angle.

This arrangement also enables the pole position angle to be determined in The motor vehicle can come to a standstill, but it is necessary along the to attach measuring windings to the entire route in order to be able to record the pole position angle.

From the magazine "Eisenbahntechnische Rundschau (29) 7.18.1980 S. 587 to 590 "is an arrangement for operating a track-bound electric Traction vehicle with ein.synchronen linear motor known whose exciter on the traction vehicle is arranged and its stator is laid along the route and with a traveling field winding is provided, which in sections of stationary controllable static converters is fed with variable voltage and frequency. The converters are dependent clocked by a measuring arrangement that detects the pole position of the exciter, for example is formed by a Hall probe on the opposite side of the traveling field winding Traction vehicle is arranged. The magnetic alternating field is generated with this Hall probe blanked along the stator core. The measuring arrangement is on the traction vehicle connected to a signal evaluation circuit for the pole position angle and has a Transmitting device arranged on the traction vehicle, for example as Slotted waveguide system is formed and signals to one of the converters assigned Control device transmits. When operationally falling below a motor limit current from approx. 10% of the nominal current, the known arrangement loses its functionality. The arrangement thus does not cover the starting area, so that it is replaced by another System must be supplemented.

The invention is based on the object of designing the arrangement in such a way that that the pole position angle can also be recorded below 1/10 of the nominal current without the need to use an additional system or measuring windings to be arranged along the entire route.

This problem is solved on the basis of an arrangement of the initially mentioned type according to the invention by the in the characterizing part of claim 1 specified measures.

The invention makes it possible to feed a current to gain pole position angle signals from a few percent of the nominal current, with measuring windings can be saved on the route, since the measurement signals with an already existing transmission path (transmitting / receiving device) are transmitted can.

An embodiment of the invention and its in the dependent claims Refinements identified in more detail are shown in the drawing.

Fig. 1 shows a basic representation of the arrangement for pole position detection, 2 shows a longitudinal section of a measuring arrangement which detects the pole position of the exciter and FIG. 3 shows a cross section of this.

In Fig. 1, a traction vehicle 1 is shown schematically on which serve as exciters for a linear motor of windings 2 through which direct current flows, which can also be designed as superconductor windings. These windings 2 is on the route a stator 3 with meandering designed traveling field windings 4 assigned, each of which is controllable in predetermined route sections Converter 13 are fed via the outputs UVW and a traveling field with approximately generate a sinusoidal field profile 0. The one generated by the windings 2 of the exciter Field profile 0 has a trapezoidal shape over the pole pitch #p.

The converter 13 is connected on the input side to a three-phase network and is controlled by a control device 14, which the setpoints for frequency and the amplitude of the converter voltages fed to the traveling field windings 4 13 pretends. The control device 14 is supplied with a signal which is obtained from a measuring arrangement for the pole position angle is obtained. The pole position information is sent from the vehicle to the next UW transmitted over a transmission channel. The exact knowledge of the pole angle is required for the optical operation of the synchronous linear motor. The largest Propulsion force arises when the maximum of the Waner field and the maximum of the field of the exciter include about a phase angle of 900 or about half Pole spacing are shifted.

The measuring arrangement for the pole position angle has several on a carrier 5 arranged Hall generators 6 to 12, which on the traction vehicle 1 of the traveling field winding 4 are arranged opposite one another distributed over at least one pole pitch tp, so that a zero crossing of the traveling field is always detected. With the hall generators 6 to 12, which in the present case at intervals of 300 over at least a pole pitch are attached to the carrier 5a, that is from the traveling field winding 4 vertically exiting magnetic fields measured. The carrier 5 is expedient Made of ferromagnetic material so thick that it prevents the return flow of the magnetic field can accommodate. The Hall generators are expediently at the aforementioned spacing of 30 ° or one sixth of the pole pitch, seven Hall generators 6 to 12 are used. The carrier 5 equipped with the Hall generators is outside the motor vehicle 1 the winding 2 of the exciter and the support guide magnets at a predetermined distance to the magnetic field of the exciter attached so that the middle Hall generator 9 a Pole pitch #p or a multiple thereof from the zero crossing of the exciter's magnetic field away. The Hall generator 6 to 12 is controlled in a manner known per se a control current Is is supplied.

With simultaneous vertical action of the magnetic field of the traveling field winding 4, a DC voltage UH is generated in the individual Hall generators, which is applied to the Hall electrodes is accepted and evaluated. Is -as Fig. 1 shows - no shift in the Zero points of the traveling field and the field of winding 2 of the exciter present, so no measurement voltage UH is emitted by the Hall generator 9, while the others Hall generators deliver a dimensional voltage UH corresponding to the height of the traveling field. The pole position angle # = 0 ° can therefore be assigned to the Hall generator 9. Is e.g.

if the traveling field is present, the voltage of the Hall generator 10 is zero, the pole position angle is 30 °, i.e.

there is motor operation and the pathogen runs along the traveling field un 30 ° after. Each Hall generator can therefore have a fixed pole angle for the Hall voltage UH = 0 can be assigned. Intermediate positions can be obtained by interpolation will. Depending on whether the ones in front of the hall generator in question Hall generators emit a positive or a negative measuring voltage, can be based on generator or motorized operation can be closed. The pole position angle is therefore in all four Clearly determine quadrants. For a very precise detection of the pole position merely increasing the number of Hall generators.

Fig. 2 shows the arrangement with seven Hall generators 6 to 12, the are arranged on a carrier 5a made of laminated iron. Every hall generator is assigned to a pole piece 5b that spreads towards the stator, its greatest width corresponds at least approximately to the width of the laminated core of the stator 3 (FIG. 3). A space which is filled with insulating material 5c remains between the pole pieces 5b is.

With the Hall generator, which is around 900 compared to that Hall generator is offset, which indicates the pole position angle zero, the current in the traveling field windings can generated magnetic flux measured and thus indirectly the stator current I taking into account the air gap between the lower edge of the stator and the Hall generators can be determined.

The voltages emitted by the individual Hall generators are - as FIG. 1 shows - supplied to an evaluation circuit 18 via an amplifier 17 Since the vehicle 1 is driven synchronously, the Hall generators 6 to 12 measure practically a smooth river.

The evaluation circuit 18 can be equipped with a device for displaying the pole position angle be equipped. After conversion in an analog-to-digital converter 19, signals be transmitted via a transmitter 20 to a stationary receiver 21, which the received signals of the control device 14 supplies. From the control device 14th setpoint values for frequency and amplitude are given to the converter 13.

In order to reduce the influence in particular when determining the stator current I. of the slots in the stator on the individual Hall probes, it is advantageous to the pole position angle # and the stator current 1 from several 900 el.

to determine offset Hall probes and to form the mean value.

In addition to recording the pole angle and the stator current it is useful to detect the slip frequency fs and a corresponding signal in addition to the pole position angle and the stator current signal via the radio transmission device 20 to be transmitted to the receiving device 21. This eliminates the need for one separate device for determining the slip frequency.

The voltage UH emitted by the hall generators is a measure for the stator current coating and thus for the stator current I. At low frequencies, short distances to the substation and when there are no power branches in the Line interconnection occur, is the stator current determined on the vehicle I equals the current fed in at the substation via the converter 13 At high frequencies, However, large cable lengths and when changing the feeder sections occur considerably Deviations. It is therefore advisable to apply the current specification to the current of the stator winding on the vehicle and not, as before, on the electricity at the substation. Through this the thrust can also be kept constant according to the specification. Will namely the stator current measured at the location of the vehicle and the measured value for control the current specification of the converter, the fault currents in the stator that occur at high frequencies and long cable lengths without elaborate Simulation model automatically balanced.

If in the case of the route interconnection in addition to the leapfrog procedure, too a method with busbar infeed is used (busbar infeed only requires half the amount of supply cables compared to the leapfrog method), This means that two stator windings are switched on briefly when the area changes the current in the two windings is reduced because of the common cable resistor. In order to compensate for the sudden thrust force that occurs, the total feed to be increased so that the mean value of both stator currents remains constant.

To the stator current I from vehicle 1 in adjacent winding sections To be able to measure, there is a carrier with Hall generators at each end of the vehicle appropriate.

The pole position can only be determined when the stator current is flowing will. In order to synchronize a stationary vehicle, the stator 3 receives a smaller amount Electricity of e.g. 1 to 10% fed in. This current is not used for propulsion, but only the pole position detection. This medium-frequency electricity fed in by the substation e.g.

of 40 Hz, must be so small that it is barely affected by the Hall generators can be detected. The evaluation circuit 18 recognizes a positive or negative therefrom Slip frequency f. Depending on this, the changes via the facility 15 controlled control device 14 of the converter 13, the setpoint signal for the Frequency so that the slip becomes zero. As soon as this is achieved, the inverter output increased according to the signal specification. To the undesirable thrust effect of synchronization. To reduce further, it is sufficient to only use one instead of the three-phase single-phase power feed from the substation.

A vehicle can be synchronized according to the same principle, after it has fallen out of step or over a defective feed section without Drive is floated 3 Figures 4 claims List of reference symbols 1 traction vehicle 2 windings 3 stator 4 traveling field windings 5, 5a carrier 5b pole shoes 5c insulating material 6 - 12 Hall generators 13 converter 14 control device 15 device 16 Device 17 Amplifier 18 Evaluation circuit 19 Analog-digital converter 20 Transmitter 21 recipients

Claims (4)

Patent claims 1. Arrangement for the operation of a track-bound electric Traction vehicle with a synchronous linear motor, the exciter on the traction vehicle is arranged and its stator is laid along the route and with a traveling field winding is provided, which sections of stationary controllable static converters is fed with variable voltage and frequency, the converter depending on from a measuring arrangement with magnetic rock measuring probe that detects the pole position of the exciter are formed, which are arranged opposite the traveling field winding on the traction vehicle and which is assigned a signal evaluation circuit for the pole position angle, which has a probe device arranged on the traction vehicle, from which signals are transmitted a stationary receiving device to a control device assigned to the converter are transmitted, for detecting the pole position when the vehicle is stationary from the substation a reduced current feed-in is carried out, which is no longer possible notices that for detecting the pole position when standing or falling out of step Vehicle a device (15) is provided, which after switching off or withdrawal the power feed a three-phase or single-phase power feed from the substation with less than 1/10 of the nominal current and a frequency from zero to the maximum Operating frequency initiates, with for detecting the reduced stator current for the determination of the pole position in the measuring arrangement (5) several over at least one Pole pitch (#p) distributed on a common magnetic yoke body (5a) arranged magnetic field measuring probes, in particular Hall generators (6-12), are used are, and each magnetic field measuring probe a pole piece widening towards the stator (5b) is assigned, the greatest width of which is at least approximately the width of the laminated core of the stator (3) corresponds. 2. Arrangement according to claim 1, d a d u r c h g e -k e n n z e i c h n e t that the Hall generators (6 - 12) on a ferromagnetic carrier (5) are arranged approximately perpendicular to the exiting stator field. 3. Arrangement according to one of the preceding claims, d a d u r c h g e k e n n n z e i c h n e t that the signal evaluation circuit (18) additionally is designed to generate a signal proportional to the stator current (I). 4. Arrangement according to one of claims 1 to 3, d a -d u r c h g e k e n n n z e i c h n e -t that a measuring arrangement with Hall generators (6 - 12) is arranged at both ends of the traction vehicle (1).