DE3136941A1 - FIBER PREPARATION AGENTS - Google Patents

Description

HOECHST AKTIENGESELLSCHAFT HOE 81 / F 254 Dr. OT / Rt

.Fiber finishes

The use of spin finish in the production of filament threads from synthetic polymers is. Well known and adequately described. A big problem here is the use of antistatic agents, because especially In the case of filament preparations intended for use on high-speed processing machines, the components of the preparation agent are sufficiently thermally stable must be. It is known that classic filament preparations without the addition of antistatic agents Stretch texturing show problems with static build-up.

Mixing in known antistatic agents such as phosphoric acid esters, alkanesulfonates, sarcosides, quaternary ammonium compounds Although even small amounts lead to the elimination of these problems, these low-volatility compounds tend to be even in low concentrations when heated to cracking, charring and thus to the formation of tarry residues.

.

Attempts to overcome these disadvantages are known from EP 13820. There, alkoxylated derivatives of alkanolamine are described as thermostable antistatic agents, for example a quaternization product of the conversion product of diethylaminoethanol with 10 mol of ethylene oxide and 20 mol of propylene oxide. The thermal test (230-235 ⁰ C / 24 hrs.) Shows in fact that these products constitute only a few residues, but even the remaining residue is too high and can pollute the heater, especially since any solid residues by reaction with filament guide cause additional thread breaks

can. The amine oxides described in DE-PS 23 26 966 have been found in preparation formulations, particularly in Combinations with non-volatile lubricants have been tried and tested, they give the threads good antistatic properties and are to be regarded as thermally stable. However, they often have too high a volatility in short-term heating processes so that when these amine oxides are used alone the problem of too rapid evaporation from the thread can occur.

It has now been found that it succeeds / to amine oxides to achieve the desired low short-term volatility, which, however, decompose without leaving any residue in the long-term test, when using amine oxides which contain an alkoxylated fatty alkyl group.

The subject of the invention is thus a fiber finishing agent, which contains an amine oxide of the formula

R ₃

R ₁ HIGH-CHh-N> O

^R 2 ^R 4
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wherein R .. C ₄ -C ₃₂ -alkyl or C.-C ^ alkenyl, preferably C _{1 Pj-1} r C alkyl, R "is hydrogen and / or methyl, it being possible for hydrogen and methyl to alternate, R. and R ₄ C 1 -C alkyl and X is a number from 1 to 20, preferably 3 to 10.

These amine oxides are known from US Pat. No. 3,371,180, NL-A 70 15 and JA-A 72 13 016. You will receive after known processes by alkoxylated long-chain alcohols of the formula

.it-. "■ '"

chlorinated, for example with thionyl chloride. The one with it obtained chlorides are then with secondary Amines of the formula

HN

implemented and the reaction products then with H-O ^ oxidized. As alkoxylated long-chain alcohols come preferably coconut fatty alcohol with 5 units of ethylene oxide, Oleyl alcohol with 7 units of ethylene oxide in question, but also the following compounds:

and

Pentaerythritol

₅ y (EO = ethylene oxide, PO = propylene oxide)

Further examples to be used according to the invention Are amine oxides

R - (EO) ₅ -N (CH ₃ J ₂

R = 75% C _10/14 alkyl 25% iC _10/14 alkyl

C ₁ g _{2-1-iso-alkyl} (EO) ^ (Pyo) ₃ -N ^ ^"C 2 ^H 5

Coconut alkyl - (EO) ₅ - N

C ₃ H ₇

C ₃ H ₇

Of course, instead of the chain-pure alkyl compounds In any case, compounds are also used whose alkyl groups represent technical sections, where the average number of carbon atoms corresponds to or comes close to the abovementioned alkyl radicals. the Alkyl radicals derived from natural long-chain fatty acids are particularly preferred since the corresponding Alcohols with one or two long-chain alkyl radicals are commercially available and the amine oxides are therefore easily accessible

are.

The numerical value X is generally Average values, since technical alkoxylation generally results in product mixtures. This also applies to

the oxethylates listed here - formulated uniformly for the sake of simplicity.

The amine oxides described above are used as antistatic agents in conventional preparation agents. With filament

systems, these preparation agents usually consist of approx. 20 to 60% by weight of a lubricant such as ester oils, mineral oils, end-capped oxethylates, propylene-ethylene oxide copolymers, 0-50% by weight emulsifier, ζ.B. Fatty alcohol oxyethylates, 0-30% by weight of other antistatic agents, for example P ₃ O, esters of fatty alcohols and 1-50% by weight of the amine oxides according to the invention.

In the case of fibers, the amine oxides according to the invention can be used alone or in combination with thread closing agents (ethoxylated Castor oils, sarcosides, POCl_-esters) and sliding components (Phosphoric acid ester) are used.

The amine oxides show a high antistatic effect even in relatively low doses. The required amounts vary depending on the type and amount of the other components (oil, emulsifier) and can easily be determined by simple preliminary tests. Usually, 0.05 to 1 _T 5 "%, preferably 0.05 to. 1%, based on the weight of the substrate applied.

The low volatility of this should be emphasized • jO connections that can be used even at high temperatures and allow in very fast running units.

The favorable properties of the amine oxides as a spin finish are particularly evident on synthetic fibers such as those made of polyester, polyamide 6, polyamide 6,6, polyacrylonitrile or polyolefin come into their own.

Examples

102.5 g (0.25 mol) of C ₁ __ .., - Isoalkylpentaoxiethylalkohol

'are successively with thionyl chloride, Dimethylamine and H "O ^ implemented. You get 340 g (90% of theory) of a 30% aqueous solution

-j. of the amine oxide of the formula

^2b CH-

I ³

1) C _12/15 i-alkyl- (EO) ₄ ^ ₇ - N-> O

CH ₃

. ■

The following compounds were prepared in an analogous manner

^C 3 ^H 7

2) Coconut alkyl (EO) ₅ - N

^C 2 ^H 5

3) C ₄ H ₉ MEO) ₁₀ * (PyO) ₁₀ - N> ο

4) C _10/14 - alkyl .β (EO) ₉ % (PyO) ₂ - N }

I.

5) C ₂₀ H ₄₁ - Alkylv (EO) ₁₆ "(PyO) ₁₆ MPyO) ₄ - N> Q

CH ₃

6) Coconut alkyldimethylamine oxide (comparison according to

DE-PS 23 26 966)

Volatility test, and testing for tar formation

Weight: 1 g of the 30% aqueous solutions Heating ^{temperature: 230 0} C Volatility of the active substance in percent Yellowing according to DIN 6162 (iodine color scale)

Tar formation (residue) 30

tt ft.

• β *

■ «. OU

volatility

product

2 hours.

1 (Ver
same) 10 2 11 3 12th 4th 9 5 8th 6th 40

24 hours

over 90% ¹¹ 90% "90%" 90% 90% 85%

II

Yellowing
(24 hours)
(JFZ) Residue 400 none 300 none 300 none 400 none 300 none > 1100 nearly black

15 The products show the same effects

C ₂ H,

r -

Oleyl * (EO).,. (PyO) ₁ - N

C ₂ H ₅

Cetyl. (PyO) ₁₂ * (EO) ₃ - N (C ₃ H ₇ ) ₂

A polyester yarn dtex 300 f 32 matt is produced at 2800 m / min. spun out, prepared with 12% preparations and stretch textured on a stretch texturing machine using the friction process on dtex 167 at 800 m / min.

The following preparations are used

1) Coconut alkyl (EO) ₅ - O - CH ₃ 50 parts (comparison)

C ₄ H ₉ MEO) ₁₀ MPyO) ₁₀ H 35 parts 35 cocoalkyldimethylamine oxide 15 parts

2) copolymer BO · PyO, Mg 3000; Mg PyO: 1750 70 parts (comparison) Stearyl alcohol. 1 0 EO 20 parts

^P 2 ° 5 · ^C 12 ^H 25 ^ίΒ0) 3 ^0H " ^K ~ ^{salt 10 parts}

3) Coconut alkyl (EO) _5-0 -CH ₂ -O-CH ₂ -CH ₂ -O-CH ₃ 60 parts

C ₄ H ₉ (EO) ₂₀ (PyO) ₂₀ H 30 parts

Amine oxide as follows 10 parts

a) Product 1 (according to the invention)

b) Product 2 (according to the invention)

The spinning bobbins were formed without any problems for the systems (Preparation layer: 0.35%). The subsequent draw texturing process resulted in

1) low heater soiling, little lint

2) high heater contamination, medium lint
3a) no heater pollution, no lint
3b) no heater pollution, no lint

in textured yarn.

The tests show that the non-ethoxylated amine oxides according to the prior art show a slight tendency to form residues and are therefore quite thermally stable are, but they are quite volatile compared to the amine oxides according to the invention based on oxalkylated Alcohols that are both thermally stable and non-volatile.

Claims (3)

ft « Claims: _{H0E 81 / F} 254 T. fiber preparation tools containing an amine oxide aei formula R ₂ R ₄ where R _{1 is} C.-C- ^ - alkyl or C.-C "" - alkenyl, preferably C .. "-C ₁ , - alkyl, R" is hydrogen and / or methyl, where hydrogen and methyl can alternate, R ^ and R. C | -C ₄ -alkyl and X is a number from 1 to 20, preferably 3 to 10. 2. A method for the preparation of textile fibers, characterized in that one on the textile fibers Amine oxide according to claim 1 applies. . 3. The method according to claim 9, characterized in that that 0.05 to 1.5% by weight of the amine oxide is applied to the textile fibers.
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