DE3112927A1 - Distributing device for double circuit central lubricating system - Google Patents

Abstract

In double-pipe central lubricating systems for grease or highly viscous oil, distributing devices are provided between a reversing device and the lubricating points and allocate cyclically metered-out quantities of lubricant to the lubricating points. These distributing devices operate in dependence on the change in the pressure gradient between the two supply pipes. One disadvantage of known distributing devices was the high outlay on construction and manufacturing equipment, as two parallel casing bores for a metering piston and a control piston and corresponding connecting channels between these bores were necessary in a relatively large casing. The object of the invention is therefore to bring about a considerable simplification of the structure of such a distributing device, and of the equipment used to manufacture it. This object is achieved in that the metering piston and the control element are arranged, one inside the other, in a single casing bore, and, with their relative movements, automatically execute the control actions which are necessary for the measuring out and allocation of the measured-out quantities of lubricant to the lubricating points. An arrangement of sealing surfaces on closure parts in the casing bore, which surfaces interact with the interior of the control element which takes the form of a reversing sleeve, is also particularly advantageous. The casing dimensions can be reduced considerably. The outlay on construction is small, as the second casing bore and connecting channels leading to this casing bore are no longer necessary.

Description

description

The invention relates to a distribution device in the preamble of the main claim specified type.

From the publication 35712/13, 5/1975 from DE LIMON FLUHME & CO, Düsseldorf, "Lubricant distributor ZV-V and ZV-C't, is a distributor device known of this type, in which in the block-shaped housing two parallel, Housing bores closed at both ends the metering piston on the one hand and separately contained by this a control piston forming the control element displaceably. Close to the two ends of the bore containing the control piston are bound Supply connections, while these are opposite and offset towards the center the two lubrication connections are arranged. Between each supply connection and the lubrication connection associated therewith leads a connecting channel from the Housing bore containing the control piston into the housing bore containing the metering piston. When the metering piston and the control piston are in end positions on one of the the side to be assigned to the pressure-relieved supply connection is closed the control piston, which has three circumferential webs with two annular grooves in between has, through the installation of its ring webs on the wall of the bore - when it then occurs Pressurization of this supply connection - the first flow connection from the pressurized supply connection to the dosing piston and at the same time the third flow connection from the metering piston to the other lubrication connection. Under the application of pressure from the supply connection moves the control piston towards its other end position, wherein he first the flow connection from the metering piston to the previously supplied lubrication connection and the second flow connection from the dosing piston to the pressure-relieved supply connection blocks before trailing the first flow connection from the pressurized one Supply connection to the dosing piston and the third flow connection from the dosing piston releases to the new lubrication connection to be supplied. The dosing piston then pushes a previously collected volume of lubricant through the connecting channel and an annular chamber in the housing bore containing the control piston in the new lubrication connection to be supplied, while a new volume of lubricant is formed behind the metering piston.

If then the pressurization of the supply connections changes, run the steps described above in reverse order, so that then the other lubrication connection is supplied with a measured amount of lubricant. In the known distribution device, the complex structure is disadvantageous two parallel housing bores as well as additional connecting channels between these two shows. Furthermore, the metering piston and the control piston must be fine be edited and intricate elements. This not only results in high manufacturing costs for the distribution device and its individual parts, but also large overall dimensions and a frequent deflection of the flow of lubricant over a relatively long way. Especially with cold fat or cold, highly viscous oil, there are high shear forces and the associated pressure losses in the lubricant flow are unavoidable.

From the publication 7104-05-3-D from HELIOS-APPARATE, WEGZEL & SCHLOSSHAUER GMBH, Heidelberg, is still a distribution device of The type mentioned at the outset is known, in which there are also two in the block-shaped housing longitudinal perforations parallel to each other are provided, the one Pick up control piston and a metering piston, with which the lubricant flow alternately from the two supply connections to the two lubrication connections is controlled. This distribution device is even more complicated than the aforementioned, there are holes between the two housings, each through two screw plugs are closed, a total of four connecting channels for controlling the flow of lubricant are provided by the asymmetrically constructed metering piston and the two-part built-up control piston released or locked in predetermined sequences will. The manufacture of this known distribution device is even more complicated and more complex than those previously explained. In addition, the lubricant must often be diverted through narrow gaps and around sharp corners.

The invention is based on the object of a distribution device of the type mentioned at the beginning are basically easier to train than the known, with a low-loss lubricant flow to the lubrication connections as well compact housing dimensions and universal usability are aimed for should.

The object set is according to the invention by the characterizing Part of the main claim specified features solved.

With this training there is now more of a relatively small housing required, the only -a central longitudinal hole for receiving the unit Has control element and metering piston. The control forms inside it the working space for the dosing piston, the sealing of the ends of the single housing bore can be effected by elements that have both with the control and the dosing piston work together. The lubricant can essentially enter the interior of the control element unhindered and become from this in turn essentially without significant shear stress or deflection from the dosing piston pressed into the particular lubrication connection.

There is also an expedient embodiment of the subject matter of the invention Claim 2 to. As a result of this training, the sealing surfaces can be proportionate have a short axial extent, which simplifies their manufacture and makes them cheaper. Since it is easily possible to determine the outer diameter on which these sealing surfaces are equal to the outer diameter of the metering piston, the Sealing surfaces and the dosing piston in one and the same fine processing machine without any major conversion work.

Another important embodiment of the invention is based on claim 3 at. In this training, too, the focus is again on the ease of manufacture. The assembly consisting of the dosing piston and reversing sleeve requires only one relatively small housing bore, which benefits the external dimensions of the housing, since this relatively leg can be trained. The dosing piston can do exactly the same as well the reversing sleeve can be formed in one piece.

Another important idea of the invention is based on claim 4 emerged. In this configuration, a rotation lock for the reversing sleeve is unnecessary, because it is ensured that the lubricant is definitely in the lubrication connection when there is a full collecting groove in front of the lubrication connection. The distance specification and the dimensioning information for the sealing surfaces lead to an overlap of the individual control processes inside the Distribution device can be avoided, i.e. that the flow connections that are initially still open are reliably closed before the flow connections that are then to be opened gradually- be released.

This ensures that the under high pressure from each The lubricant escaping from the pressurized supply connection cannot be uncontrolled leaks back into the pressure-relieved supply connection.

Another advantageous embodiment of the invention is given 5 at. This is again a simple and inexpensive measure in terms of production technology, to attach the sealing surfaces necessary for the function of the device, Es there is also a forced control depending on the shifting movement the reversing sleeve, which prevents the metering piston from advancing impermissibly to the Shutting off the still open flow connections could be pressurized. It must be due to the interaction between the ends of the reversing sleeve and the sealing surfaces the reversing sleeve in each case only in its correct position for the next lubrication cycle be brought before the metering piston can start a work cycle.

A further useful feature of the invention is in claim 6 contain. This means that both the dosing piston and the stops matched to the reversing sleeve are also unnecessary.

Another important feature of the invention can be derived from the claim The piston shoulders are advantageous for the flow of the lubricant.

Another useful embodiment can be according to claim 8 form. The piston rod leads on the one hand to an additional } Bore of the dosing piston and then performs an additional puncture by it shows the respective position of the dosing piston or even a switching signal generated, which then shows the completed push-out cycle.

In connection with this, a further embodiment is expedient, as it emerges from claim 9. By adjusting the stops for the Piston rod can be used to determine the possible working stroke of the metering piston and thus the Change the amount of lubricant supplied to the lubrication connection with each lubrication cycle.

Another important embodiment of the invention relates to claim 10, this being a distribution device for the application of only one Lubrication point. In the known distribution devices were - if only A lubrication point needs the two lubrication connections from the Housing bore of the control piston short-circuited and one of the connections through blocked a sealing plug. In an adjustment device can usually change the amount of lubricant per cycle in a certain range. But when double the amount is only fed to one lubrication point, - what is often desired - then stop setting small doses.

This disadvantage is with the embodiment according to claim 10 in easily fixed. It is no longer necessary to short-circuit the lubrication connections and to block one with a sealing plug, but it is sufficient for only to install the corresponding reversing sleeve at a lubrication point to be supplied, the for it It ensures that the lubrication connection that is not required in each case is not applied. The metering piston measures the predetermined one with each cycle Lubricant tightness and then pushes it in the direction of the lubrication connection off, but a flow path is kept free by the recess of the reversing sleeve, through which the metered and expelled amount of lubricant in the then pressure-relieved Supply connection is pushed back. An oversupply of only the single lubrication point is not to be feared.

Another, again on a simple manufacture and a universal one Embodiment of the invention aimed at utilizing the distribution device is apparent from claim 11. The continuous supply line bores can at the one not used to connect the supply lines coming from the reversing device use side to be closed by sealing plugs. The housing can on in this way they can be supplied alternatively from one side or the other.

In connection with this is a further, expedient embodiment of the invention, which is a distributor device arrangement for more than two lubrication points having a plurality of housings, by the features highlighted in claim 12 characterized. Any number of each representing a structural unit Housings can be put together like batteries and with the appropriate Design of the upstream reversing unit with only one pair of supply lines apply. The last structural unit in the direction of flow is also still lubricated supplied as the supply lines run through the housings of all distribution devices continue. For sealing it is sufficient between the adjacent Side surfaces of adjacent housings each insert soft-ring seals and to pull the housings against each other with tensioning screws. In conjunction with the Anyway, compact dimensions of each housing also result in a battery for a multitude of at least one to theoretically infinite number of lubrication points a space-saving structure for the distribution device arrangement for all lubrication points. The housing only need to have a plate-like shape, the thickness of the Plate only needs to be slightly larger than the inside diameter of the housing bore.

Embodiments of the invention are described below with reference to the drawing explained.

The figures show: FIG. 1 a diagram of a two-line central lubrication system for two lubrication points, the reversing device and the distributor device are represented symbolically, Fig. 2 is a longitudinal section through a distribution device of the type indicated in Fig. 1, in the plane of the lubrication connections, Fig. 3 a Longitudinal section through another embodiment similar to that of rig. 2 is and where the lubrication connections and the supply connections are in the same plane are placed, this illustration to clarify the operation of the distribution device is used, and FIG. 4 shows a section of a plurality of distribution devices containing Arrangement that put the individual devices together with their side surfaces and are screwed together, the central distributor device for supply formed only a single lubrication point and in the plane of the supply connections is cut.

According to Fig. 1, there is a two-line central lubrication system 1 for Grease or highly viscous oil from a reversing device 2 and one of these downstream Distribution device 3, from the two lubrication points 12 and 13 of a consumer 4 are supplied. The reversing unit 2 is operated by a grease or oil feed pump 5 with pressure .beaufschlagt and has reversing drive devices 6, 7, with which the lubricant at P is controlled in such a way that one of two supply lines 8, 9 acted upon with lubricant under high pressure while the other is depressurized.

For this purpose, the reversing device 2 controls in its one switching position (left half of the symbol) a through connection from P to the supply connection VI, while the supply connection EI et a return R for pressure relief in Connection. In the second switch position of the reversing unit 2 (right half of the symbol) P is connected to V2, while Vi is connected to R for pressure relief is.

The distribution device is thus at the supply connections V1 and V2 3 the lubricant pressure alternately, with the other at the same time The supply connection is relieved of pressure. In other words, it finds a permanent one Change of the pressure gradient between the two consumer connections VI, V2 takes place. This change in the pressure gradient is used to control the distribution device 3, thus via lubrication lines 10 and 11 the two lubrication points 12 and 13 alternate with predetermined amounts of pressurized lubricant are supplied. Depending on the work cycle of the reversing device in the distributor device 3, each of the pressurized distributor connection V1 or V2 is connected to a Schnieranschluss S2 or 51, during each not just supplied lubrication connection S1, S2 compared to the non-pressurized one Supply connection VI, V11 is blocked (see symbol). The device controls the switching processes automatically via pilot control lines VS1, VS2 and pilot control blocking connections VSp1, VSp2.

Fig. 2 shows in longitudinal section a distributor device 3 as it 1 and connected to the reversing unit 2 via the lines 8, 9 can be. The distribution device 3 works automatically in the section that is placed in the plane of the lubrication connections S1, S2, they are also perpendicular to them opening supply connections VI, VII recognizable. The lubrication connections S1, S2 have their ignitions 14, 15 at a mutual distance A in a housing 18 housing bore 19 penetrating in the longitudinal direction, which are offset from the 900 Openings 16, 17 of the supply connections V1, V2, which are larger than one another Take a distance than the mouths 14, 15. The two ends of the housing bore 19 are closed by closure pieces 20, 21 which contain peripheral seals 22 and protrude outside the housing 18 with extensions 23 in a tubular shape. Securing flanges 24 hold the locking pieces 20 with fastening screws 25 and 21 in their predetermined position.

The housing 18 is perpendicular to the sectional plane of Fig. 2 of connecting bores 27 for clamping screws 26 interspersed, which are used to attach several such housings 18 in the case of a battery-like arrangement, several such for a large number of lubrication points certain distribution devices to serve.

In the housing bore 19 is located between the locking pieces 20 and 21 a reversing sleeve 28 which receives a metering piston 29 in its interior, which sits on a piston rod 30, the locking pieces with their free ends 31 and 32 20 and 21 interspersed and through inspection holes 33 and 34 in the outer parts the locking pieces 21 and 22 is visible in each case. In the extensions 23 of the locking pieces 20, 21 stops 35 are adjustable, with which the possible working stroke the piston rod 30 and thus the metering piston 29 can be adjusted.

At a distance B, which is smaller than the distance A, are in the Reversing sleeve 28 arranged radial bores 36, 37, of which the radial bores 36 to a circumferential collecting groove 38 and the radial bores 37 to a collecting groove 39 also running around in the circumferential direction in the outer circumference the reversing sleeve 28 lead. The inner peripheral surface of the reversing sleeve 28 is with 40 denotes and guides the metering piston 29 in the area of a circumferential annular web 41. On both sides of the annular web 41, the metering piston 29 has projections 42, 43 on.

The closure pieces 20, 21 form on their inside the housing bore facing end faces stops 44 for the two free ends of the reversing sleeve 28. In addition, tubular projections 45 are formed on the closure parts 20, 21, on the outer circumference of which a sealing surface 48 is provided, the outer diameter of which on the inner diameter of the peripheral wall 40 of the reversing sleeve 28 for the purpose of a Sealing seat is matched. Each sealing surface 48 is longer than the difference between the Distances A-B.

The length of the reversing sleeve 28 is so great that it is at system its one end face on a stop 44 with the other end face with the 46 designated end of the extension 45 is opposite with a small distance, through which a flow connection from the housing inner bore 19 to the interior 40 of the reversing sleeve 19 is made.

If the stops 35 are not provided, the end faces 46 of the projections 45 can be used to intercept the metering piston 29.

Fig. 3 shows schematically a further embodiment of a distribution device, which consists essentially of the same basic elements as the embodiment of FIG. 2. According to FIG. 3, the supply connections V1, V2 and the lubrication connections are S1, S2 placed in the same plane. In addition, the metering piston 29 is only with itself equipped on its one side extending piston rod 30a. Accordingly the right locking piece 21a is also formed without a passage. In reference to 1, 2 and 3, the function of the distributor device will be explained below be: In Fig, 2 a lubrication cycle has just been completed in which the supply connection V1 was pressurized while the supply connection V2 was depressurized was. The reversing sleeve 28 and the metering piston 29 are located in their right End positions in which the right end of the reversing sleeve 28 on the stop surface 44 is applied, while the metering piston 29 either with its piston rod 30 on right stop 35 or on the stop surface 46 is applied. The sealing surface 48 of the right -Abschlussteiles 21 engages inside the reversing sleeve 28 and forms here a sliding seal. During the movement of the metering piston 29 that took place before on the right, this has a predetermined volume of lubricant through the through openings 37, the collecting groove 39 and the mouth 15 pressed into the lubrication connection S2. From the Supply connection V1 is the inside of the reversing sleeve 28 and the outside of the Extent area of the reversing sleeve 28 lying annular space is completely filled with lubricant, as well as the radial through bores 36 and the collecting groove 38 and the lubrication connection S1 are separated from a supply because the outer circumference the reversing sleeve 28 is located in front of the mouth 14.

The reversing device 2 now switches (see FIG. 1), whereby the supply connection V1 is depressurized and at the same time the supply connection V2 is pressurized. The lubricant from the mouth 17 presses - what is facilitated by the chamfering 47 of the free end of the reversing sleeve 28 - against the free and circular front end of the reversing sleeve 28. It cannot to get into the interior of the reversing sleeve 28, since the sealing surface 48 blocks here. As a result, the lubricant moves the reversing sleeve 28 to the left in FIG. 2, until it comes to shame in the position shown in Fig. 3, in which the radial Through openings 36 are aligned with the mouth, while the mouth 15 through the The outer circumference of the reversing sleeve 28 is blocked. The left sealing surface 48 is in penetrated the interior of the reversing sleeve 28 and blocks the flow connection from the inside of the reversing sleeve 28 to the supply connection V1.

During the movement, the one in the outer annulus became Lubricant is pressed back into the pressure-relieved supply line 9.

The sealing surface 48 on the right in FIG. 2 has access to the lubricant to the interior of the reversing sleeve 28 and thus the metering piston 29 at least as long blocked until the radial bore 37 was moved away from the mouth 15 and here no more flow connection is open. In addition, the sealing surface 48 has as long as this locked until the sealing surface 48 on the left in FIGS. 2 and 3 into the interior of the reversing sleeve 28 has penetrated and in turn the flow path from the metering piston 29 to the supply connection V1 interrupts. Only then does the lubricant reach the metering piston under pressure 29 and moves it to the left until it reaches the left end position shown in FIG achieved. During this movement, the metering piston 29 pushes a metered amount of lubricant (measured by the projection 42, the inner diameter of the reversing sleeve 28 and the possible stroke length of the metering piston 29 - through the radial passage 36 into the collecting groove 38 and from this via the mouth 14 into the lubrication connection S1.

At the same time, the lubricant fills the one behind the metering piston 29 completely free space without entering the mouth 15 first to be able to.

This is followed by a renewed reversing cycle from the reversing device, whereby the supply connection V2 is relieved of pressure again, while the supply connection V1 is pressurized. The steps described above then run in reverse Direction off.

4 shows a section from a distribution device arrangement for several lubrication points, with a plurality of distributor devices 3 and 3a attached to one another in the manner of a battery with their side surfaces 51 and by the in Fig. 2 indicated clamping screws 26 are connected to one another. The distribution device 3a is shown in longitudinal section, the section plane compared to that of Fig. 2 rotated by 900 is placed in the plane of the supply connections V1, V2. It is here it can be seen that the supply connections from one housing 28a to the other Go through the housing and are only secured by inserted Me seals 52. Of the Accordingly, there is lubricant in every distributor device the distributor device assembly at both ends of the reversing sleeve. According to Fig. 4 is the distributor device 3a for supplying only a single lubrication point certainly. For this purpose, the reversing sleeve 28a is on its left in the drawing The end is provided with recesses 49 up to a control edge 50. The recesses 49 have the effect that in the left end position of the reversing sleeve 28a a permanent The flow connection from the dosing piston 29 to the consumer connection V1 remains open, so that the metering piston pushes out the metered amount of lubricant, this but pushes back into the supply connection V1. The lubrication connection 14 - if present at all - is passed over by the control edge 50 before the metering piston 29 begins its working movement to the left. The right side of the reversing sleeve 28a is constructed in the manner explained in FIG. 2, so that the dosing piston 29 lubricant supply measured on its right-hand side of the piston by the Pressure from the supply connection V1 in the correct cycle into the opening 15 of the lubrication connection S2 is pushed out. If the distributor device 3a for supplying two lubrication points is to be used, only needs the reversing sleeve 28a according to FIG Reversing sleeve 28 according to FIG. 2 to be exchanged.

The housing 28a, 28 can have a plate-like shape at a height which only needs to be slightly larger than the inside diameter of the housing bore 19. The width dimension of the housing does not have to be larger either. It surrendered This results in compact external dimensions, combined with a lower use of materials in the production as well as simplified production due to the lack of further connection channels in the housing and additional housing bores, as is customary in the prior art was. Furthermore, the simple assembly and the ease with which the distribution devices can be changed is favorable, because by using appropriate locking pieces or by adjusting the connections the metered quantities of lubricant or the lubricant pressure can be changed as required are.

Claims (12)

Distribution device for two-circuit central lubrication system Patent claims 1. i Distribution device for dual-line central lubrication systems for grease or highly viscous oil, with at least one hole closed at both ends having housing, with two alternately pressurized and relieved supply connections near the ends of the bore and two between the supply connections in one Spaced lubrication connections, which alternate one of one in the bore The amount of lubricant that can be displaced between two positions can be fed via a control element which leads to the metering piston in each case Can be moved in both supply connections depending on the reversal of the pressure gradient is, the control element cooperates with sealing surfaces in the housing in such a way that that there is a first flow connection from the pressurized supply connection to the dosing piston and a second flow connection from the dosing piston to the pressure-relieved one Supply connection blocks before it is lagging the first flow connection from pressurized supply connection to the metering piston and a third flow connection releases from the metering piston to the other lubrication connection, thereby g e k e n n 2 e i c h n e t that the control element and the metering piston (29) lie one inside the other in the single bore (19) are arranged. 2. Distribution device according to claim 1, characterized in that g e -k e n n z e i c h n e t that the sealing surfaces (48) for leading locking of the first and the second flow connection assigned exclusively to the ends of the control element are. 3. Distribution device according to one of claims 1 or 2, characterized it is noted that the control element has a reversing sleeve (28, 28a) with radial passages (36, 37) to the lubrication connections (ski, S2) and one the length of the metering piston (29) exceeding the length in which the metering piston (29) is guided coaxially in a sealing sliding seat. 4. Distribution device according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized it is noted that the radial passages (36, 37) of the reversing sleeve (28) to two collecting grooves (38, 39) running in the circumferential direction in the circumference of the reversing sleeve lead that the two collecting grooves - seen in the longitudinal direction - in a smaller one Distance (b) from each other than the mouths (14, 15) of the lubrication connections (S1, S2) in the bore (19), and that the effective length of each sealing surface is approximately corresponds to the length difference (A-B). 5. Distribution device according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized it is noted that each sealing surface (48) on the outer circumference of a peg-like Projection (45) of a closure piece (20, 21) is arranged, which corresponds to the inner diameter (40) of the reversing sleeve (28) Has outer diameter and in each case one end position of the reversing sleeve in this occurs. 6. Distribution device according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized it is noted that a stroke stop is attached to each locking piece (20, 21) (44) for the reversing sleeve (28) and, if necessary, a stroke stop that is separate therefrom (46) is designed for the metering piston (29). 7. reversing device according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that g It is not shown that the metering piston (29) has one on both sides of the piston reduced in diameter compared to the inner diameter (40) of the reversing sleeve (28) Piston shoulder (42, 43), with which it may be against the stroke stop (46) can be applied 8. Distribution device according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized it is not indicated that the dosing piston (29) is on a piston rod (30) sits with at least one free end (31) as a position indicator or switch actuating element is formed and penetrates the closure piece (20, 21) in a sealed manner. 9. Distributor device according to one of claims 5 or 8, characterized g e k e n n n n z e i c h n e t that adjustable in the locking pieces (20, 21) Stops (35) are provided for the free ends (31) of the piston rod (30). 10. Distributor device according to one of claims 1 to 9, for the supply of lubricant from only one lubrication point, due to the fact that the reversing sleeve (28a) at its then closed lubrication connection (adjacent end with a Recess (42) is equipped with a fourth flow connection between the supply connection (VI) assigned to the lubrication connection that is not required and the interior (40) of the reversing sleeve (28a) can be maintained upright. 11. Reversing device according to one of claims f to 10, characterized it is noted that the housing (18) is in a plane from a side surface (51) to the other of the housing bore (19) intersecting supply line sections (V1, V2) is penetrated, and that the lubrication connections (S1, 52) in a perpendicular to this lying plane are arranged in the housing. 12. Distribution device arrangement from a plurality of according to at least one of claims 1 to 11 formed distribution devices for more than two Lubrication points, indicated by the fact that the distribution devices (3, 3a) with their housings (18) battery-like with mutually aligned supply connections (V1, V2) and interposed soft-ring seals (52) with their side surfaces (51) put together and a total of two common supply lines (8, 9) are connected.