DE3100019A1 - Method for carrying out cold-pump and heat-pump processes on the compression principle with solution circulation - Google Patents

Method for carrying out cold-pump and heat-pump processes on the compression principle with solution circulation

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Publication number
DE3100019A1
DE3100019A1 DE19813100019 DE3100019A DE3100019A1 DE 3100019 A1 DE3100019 A1 DE 3100019A1 DE 19813100019 DE19813100019 DE 19813100019 DE 3100019 A DE3100019 A DE 3100019A DE 3100019 A1 DE3100019 A1 DE 3100019A1
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Germany
Prior art keywords
compression
solution
pump
heat
mixture
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Ceased
Application number
DE19813100019
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German (de)
Inventor
Werner Dr.-Ing. 1000 Berlin Malewski
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Individual
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Individual
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Priority to DE19813100019 priority Critical patent/DE3100019A1/en
Publication of DE3100019A1 publication Critical patent/DE3100019A1/en
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B25/00—Machines, plants or systems, using a combination of modes of operation covered by two or more of the groups F25B1/00 - F25B23/00
    • F25B25/02—Compression-sorption machines, plants, or systems

Abstract

The invention relates to cold-pump and heat-pump processes which are operated with a complex mixture as a working medium, the latter being evaporated at a sliding temperature and the mixture vapour being compressed and resorbed again by the deconcentrated solution. The solution mixture restored to the former concentration is conveyed back to the evaporation point, thereby closing the circuit. The process-related operations are coupled material and heat transport cycles which, in the event of changes in concentration, take place in counterflow and during the compression and the technical practicability of which has not hitherto been solved in terms of either the appliances or the compressor. The new method of invention allows technical constructions and circulation-process efficiencies which are well above those of the compression principle with unitary working media. Because, according to the invention, the circulating deconcentrated solution is injected into the compressor during the compression of the mixture vapour, as shown in the diagrammatic drawing, the following are achieved: cooling during the compression operation, with virtually isothermal compression, direct heat exchange without a transmission surface, oil-free compression with high compression efficiencies. An advance into the temperature range of between 100 and 200 DEG C, with vapour generation from waste heat, is thus possible. <IMAGE>

Description

Verfahren zur Durchführung von Kalte und WärmepumpenprozessenProcedure for carrying out cold and heat pump processes

nach dem Kompressionsprinzip mit Lösungskreislauf Die Erfindung betrifft Eälte- und/oder Wärmepumpenprozesse, die nach dem Kompressionsprinzip mit Lösungskrelslauf durchgeführt werden, wobei ein Mehrstoffgemisch als Ereislaufmittel benutzt wird. Durch Wärmezufuhr wird dabei das Arbeitsmittel bei gleitender Temperatur verdampft, der entstehende Gemischdampf verdichtet, um nach internem Warmeaustausch bei höherem Druck von der durch Eindampfung verarmten, auf das höhere Druckniveau gepumpten Lösung unter Wärmeabfuhr absorbiert zu werden. Die auf diese Weise wieder angereicherte Lösung wird anschlie3end auf die Verhältnisse der Verdampfung entspannt, womit der Kreislauf geschlossen ist.according to the compression principle with solution cycle The invention relates Cold and / or heat pump processes that work according to the compression principle with solution flow be carried out using a multicomponent mixture as a circulatory agent. By supplying heat, the working medium is evaporated at a sliding temperature, the resulting mixture vapor is compressed, after internal heat exchange at higher Pressure from the depleted by evaporation, pumped to the higher pressure level Solution to be absorbed with dissipation of heat. The enriched in this way again The solution is then expanded to the conditions of evaporation, with which the Cycle is closed.

Dieser Ereisprozeß ist seit langem bekannt (vgl. E. Altenkirch: Kältetechnik 1950, Seite 251/259, 279/284, 310/315) und bringt theoretisch erhebliche Verbesserungen im Prozeßwirkungsgrçd gegenüber dem Kompressionsproze3 mit Einstoffsystemen, wern bestimmte Betriebsbedingungen vorliegen. In der praktischen Durchführung ergeben sich jedoch bei der Ausführung der Einrichtungen für den internen Wärmeaustausch zur weitgehenden Aufwärmung der kalten armen Lösung konstruktive Schwierigkeiten, weil bei beschriebener Prozeßführung ein geringer Lösungsstrom gegen einen großen Dampfstrom sowie ein geringer Lösungsstrom gegen einen ständig Dampf absorbierenden Lösungsstrom Wärme austauschen muß.This ice process has been known for a long time (see E. Altenkirch: Kältetechnik 1950, pages 251/259, 279/284, 310/315) and theoretically brings considerable improvements in terms of process efficiency compared to the compression process with single-component systems certain operating conditions exist. Obvious in practice however, when designing the facilities for internal heat exchange constructive difficulties to warm up the cold poor solution to a large extent, because in the process described, a small stream of solution versus a large one Steam flow as well as a small solution flow versus one that is constantly absorbing steam Solution stream must exchange heat.

Der vorliegenden Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, diese Verhltnisse zu verbessern und gleichzeitig den Wirkungsgrad des Prozesses - soweit es den inneren Wärmeaustausch betrifft -anzuheben.The present invention is based on the object of these ratios to improve and at the same time the efficiency of the process - as far as it is internal Heat exchange affects -increase.

Diese Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemä3 so gelöst, daß anstelle eines Xnrmeaustausches über Flächen, die die Stoffstöme trennen, ein direkter Wärmeaustausch durchgeführt wird, indem die noch kalte verarmte Lösung whrend des Verdichtungsvorganges in den Gemischdampfverdichter eingespritzt wird, wodurch neben der Kühlung des Dampfstromes während der Verdichtung eine Absorption von Dampf in der Lösung bei erreichtem Gleichgewichtsdruck einsett, was zu weiterer Temperaturerhöhung der Lösung führt.This object is achieved according to the invention in such a way that instead of an X number exchange A direct heat exchange is carried out via surfaces that separate the material flows is by transferring the still cold, impoverished solution during the compression process into the Mixture steam compressor is injected, whereby in addition to the cooling of the steam flow during the compression, an absorption of vapor in the solution when the equilibrium pressure is reached embeds, which leads to a further increase in temperature of the solution.

Lösung und Dampf treten in Zweiphasenströmung und nahezu in Gleichgewicht miteinander in den Absorber ein, in dem dann unter Wärmeabfuhr die Hauptabsorption stattfindet, Eine vorteilhafte Ausgestaltung der Erfindung ist dadurch gegeben, daß Dampfverdichter einsetzbar sind, die einen Betrieb mit Flüssigkeitseinspritzung erlauben wie zum Beispiel Rotstionskolben- oder speziell Schraubenverdichter, in die zum Zwecke gleichzeitiger Kühlung der Verdichtungsgase und Abdichtur. der Spalte 01 eingespritzt wird. Im Falle der Erfindung wird drs Öl durch das Mehrstoff-Kreislaufmittel "Lösung" ersetzt. Durch die Einspritzkühlung ergibt sich eine geringere Antriebsenergie für den Verdichter, die Uberdies unmittelbar der Lösung zugefdsrt wird, was fUr die Durchführung des Gesamtprozesses sowieso nitig ist. Außerdem werden durch den direkten Kontakt von Dampf und Lösung die für Wärmeaustauschvorgänge über Flächen benötig@en Temperaturdifferenzen zur Überwindung von K;ärmewiderstande- vermieden. Auch unterbleibt auf diese Weise eie Verunreinigung des Mehrstoff-Kreislaufmittels durch Öl bzw. die erforderliche- ölfrei verdichtenden Maschinen werden in ihrer flirkungsweise verbessert.The solution and the vapor flow in two phases and are almost in equilibrium with each other into the absorber, in which the main absorption is then carried out with heat dissipation takes place, An advantageous embodiment of the invention is given by that vapor compressors can be used that operate with liquid injection allow such as rotary piston or special screw compressors, in for the purpose of simultaneous cooling of the compression gases and sealing. the column 01 is injected. In the case of the invention, the oil is produced by the multicomponent circulatory medium "Solution" replaced. The injection cooling results in a lower drive energy for the compressor, which is also fed directly to the solution, which is for the implementation of the entire process is necessary anyway. In addition, the direct contact of steam and solution for heat exchange processes over surfaces required temperature differences to overcome K; thermal resistance - avoided. In this way, there is also no contamination of the multicomponent cycle agent by oil or the required oil-free compressing machines are in their Effectively improved.

Ein Ausführungsbeispiel des die Erfindung betreffenden Verfahrens ist in der Zeichnung schematisch dargestellt und wird nachstehend beschrieben: Der im Verdampfer (1) durch Wärmezufuhr aus der reichen Lösung (2) entstehende Gemischdampf (3) wird dem Verdichter (4) mit Antrieb (5) zugeführt. Die verarmte Lösung (6) wird mittels der Pumpe (7) durch den Temperaturwechsler (8) geleitet, dort im Gegenstrom zu warmer reicher Lösung etwas aufgewarmt, um dann in den Verdichter an geeigneten Stellen eingespritzt zu werden. Das den Verdichter verlassende Zweiphasengemisch (9) dem Abscheider (1o) zugeleitet. Von dort wird die abgetrennte Lösung über der Wärmeaustauschfläche (11) des Absorbers (12) erteilt und der separierte Dampf in Kontakt mit der Lösung im Absorber gehalten. Bei Wärmeabgabe an ein Wärmeaufnehmendes Medium findet im Absorber die vollstandige Absorption statt, die zu einer reichen warmen Lösung fUhrt, die nach WErmeaustausch im Temperaturwechsler (8) gegen kalte arme Lösung Ueber das Drosselorgan (13) in den Verdampfer (1) entspannt wird.An embodiment of the method relating to the invention is shown schematically in the drawing and is described below: The mixture vapor (3) generated in the evaporator (1) by supplying heat from the rich solution (2) is fed to the compressor (4) with drive (5) . The depleted solution (6) is passed through the temperature changer (8) by means of the pump (7), where it is warmed up somewhat in countercurrent to the warm, rich solution, and then injected into the compressor at suitable points. The two-phase mixture leaving the compressor (9) fed to the separator (1o). From there, the separated solution is released over the heat exchange surface (11) of the absorber (12) and the separated vapor is kept in contact with the solution in the absorber. When heat is transferred to a heat-absorbing medium, complete absorption takes place in the absorber, which leads to a rich warm solution which, after heat exchange in the temperature changer (8), is expanded against cold poor solution via the throttle element (13) into the evaporator (1).

Claims (2)

Patentansprüche: 1) Verfahren zur Durchfahrung von Kälte- und/oder Wärmepumpenprozessen nach dem gompressionsprinzip mit Lösungskreislauf dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß armes Mehrstoff-Kreislaufmittel (Lösung) während und nach dem Verdichtungsvorgang in den Gemischdampi eingespritzt wird, so daß eine Zweiphasenströmung entsteht.Claims: 1) Method for passing through cold and / or Heat pump processes based on the compression principle with a solution cycle characterized by that poor multicomponent circulatory medium (solution) during and after the compression process is injected into the mixture steam, so that a two-phase flow is created. 2) Verfahren nach Anspruch 1) dadurch gekennzeichnet, da es sich bei den Gemischdampfverdichtern um schmiermittelfreie Verdrängungs- oder Strömungsmaschinen handelt, die Zwephasengemische fördern.2) Method according to claim 1) characterized in that it is at the mixed steam compressors to lubricant-free displacement or flow machines acts that promote two-phase mixtures.
DE19813100019 1981-01-02 1981-01-02 Method for carrying out cold-pump and heat-pump processes on the compression principle with solution circulation Ceased DE3100019A1 (en)

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Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0138041A2 (en) * 1983-09-29 1985-04-24 VOBACH, Arnold R. Chemically assisted mechanical refrigeration process
US4674297A (en) * 1983-09-29 1987-06-23 Vobach Arnold R Chemically assisted mechanical refrigeration process
EP0248296A2 (en) * 1986-05-23 1987-12-09 Energiagazdálkodási Részvénytársaság Method for increasing the coefficient of performance of hybrid refrigeration machines or heat pumps
WO1994007095A1 (en) * 1992-09-15 1994-03-31 Fritz Egger Gmbh Process and system for regulating the capacity of a compression heat pump and/or refrigerating machine
WO1998029701A1 (en) * 1997-01-02 1998-07-09 Sjoeblom Hans Heat transport apparatus
US6073454A (en) * 1998-07-10 2000-06-13 Spauschus Associates, Inc. Reduced pressure carbon dioxide-based refrigeration system
US6112547A (en) * 1998-07-10 2000-09-05 Spauschus Associates, Inc. Reduced pressure carbon dioxide-based refrigeration system
US6698214B2 (en) * 2002-02-22 2004-03-02 Thar Technologies, Inc Method of refrigeration with enhanced cooling capacity and efficiency
WO2006102941A2 (en) * 2005-03-30 2006-10-05 Miwe Ökokälte Gmbh Device for the removal of water from an aqueous solution

Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2850403A1 (en) * 1978-11-21 1980-05-29 Luft U Kaeltetechnik Veb K Lubrication system for refrigerator compressor - uses refrigerant depleted solvent liquid for lubrication of screw compressor

Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2850403A1 (en) * 1978-11-21 1980-05-29 Luft U Kaeltetechnik Veb K Lubrication system for refrigerator compressor - uses refrigerant depleted solvent liquid for lubrication of screw compressor

Cited By (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0138041A2 (en) * 1983-09-29 1985-04-24 VOBACH, Arnold R. Chemically assisted mechanical refrigeration process
EP0138041A3 (en) * 1983-09-29 1986-03-26 Arnold R. Vobach Chemically assisted mechanical refrigeration process
US4674297A (en) * 1983-09-29 1987-06-23 Vobach Arnold R Chemically assisted mechanical refrigeration process
EP0248296A2 (en) * 1986-05-23 1987-12-09 Energiagazdálkodási Részvénytársaság Method for increasing the coefficient of performance of hybrid refrigeration machines or heat pumps
EP0248296A3 (en) * 1986-05-23 1988-05-25 Energiagazdalkodasi Intezet Method and device for increasing the coefficient of performance of hybrid refrigeration machines or heat pumps
WO1994007095A1 (en) * 1992-09-15 1994-03-31 Fritz Egger Gmbh Process and system for regulating the capacity of a compression heat pump and/or refrigerating machine
WO1998029701A1 (en) * 1997-01-02 1998-07-09 Sjoeblom Hans Heat transport apparatus
US6220040B1 (en) 1997-01-02 2001-04-24 Sjoeblom Hans Heat transport apparatus
US6073454A (en) * 1998-07-10 2000-06-13 Spauschus Associates, Inc. Reduced pressure carbon dioxide-based refrigeration system
US6112547A (en) * 1998-07-10 2000-09-05 Spauschus Associates, Inc. Reduced pressure carbon dioxide-based refrigeration system
US6698214B2 (en) * 2002-02-22 2004-03-02 Thar Technologies, Inc Method of refrigeration with enhanced cooling capacity and efficiency
WO2006102941A2 (en) * 2005-03-30 2006-10-05 Miwe Ökokälte Gmbh Device for the removal of water from an aqueous solution
WO2006102941A3 (en) * 2005-03-30 2008-12-24 Miwe Oekokaelte Gmbh Device for the removal of water from an aqueous solution

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