DE309273C

DE309273C -

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Publication number: DE309273C
Application number: DENDAT309273D
Authority: DE

Description

DEUTSCHES REICHGERMAN EMPIRE

AUSGEGEBEN APA-FEBRUAR-1921ISSUED APA-FEBRUARY-1921

REICHSPATENTAMTREICH PATENT OFFICE

PATENTSCHRIFTPATENT LETTERING

KLASSE 21a GRUPPE 68CLASS 21a GROUP 68

Gesellschaft für drahtlose Telegraphie m. b. H. in Berlin.Wireless Telegraph Society m. B. H. in Berlin.

Hochfrequenzverstärkung mittels Kathodenröhren in Kaskade. Patentiert im Deutschen Reiche vom 23. Juli 1918 ab.High frequency amplification by means of cathode tubes in cascade. Patented in the German Empire on July 23, 1918.

Bei Durchführung der Hochfrequenzverstärkung in Kaskadenschaltung mittels Kathodenröhren ist bereits vorgeschlagen, zwischen je zwei Röhren einen auf die zu verstärkende Frequenz abgestimmten Kreis einzuschalten, welcher von der vorhergehenden Röhre anodenseitig die Energie aufnimmt und an die nächstfolgende Röhre gitterseitig abgibt. Bei einer derartigen Schaltung" tritt derWhen performing the high-frequency amplification in cascade connection using cathode tubes it has already been suggested to place one on the tube to be reinforced between every two tubes To switch on a frequency-tuned circuit, which absorbs the energy from the previous tube on the anode side and to the next tube on the grid side. In such a circuit "occurs

ίο höchste Verstärkungseffekt dann ein, wenn die ankommende Frequenz mit der Abstimmung, des Schwingungskreises übereinstimmt. Diesem scharfen Selektionseffekt steht der bedeutende Nachteil gegenüber, daß bei jedemίο highest reinforcement effect when the incoming frequency matches the tuning of the oscillation circuit. This one sharp selection effect is offset by the significant disadvantage that each

15. Hochfrequenzwechsel, wie er in der drahtlosen Technik häufig ist, eine Nachstimmung sämtlicher Zwischenkreise notwendig ist.15. Radio frequency change, as it is common in wireless technology, a retuning of all intermediate circuits is necessary.

Gegenstand der vorliegenden Erfindung ist eine Kaskaderi-Hochfrequienzvei'stärkung mittels Kathodenröhren, die diesen Nachteil beseitigt. Die Erfindung kennzeichnet sich dadurch, daß als Kopplungselemente zwischen den aufeinanderfolgenden Röhren besonders bemessene Kettenleiter verwendet werden.The subject matter of the present invention is a Kaskaderi high frequency reinforcement by means of Cathode tube, which eliminates this disadvantage. The invention is characterized in that that specially dimensioned chain ladders are used as coupling elements between the successive tubes.

Unter Kettenleitern versteht man im allgemeinen eine Kombination von zwei oder mehreren gleichartigen Stromkreisen, von denen immer der folgende mit dem vorher-^ gehenden in einer stets gleichbleibenden Weise gekoppelt ist. Die Kettenleiter, wie sie bei der vorliegenden Erfindung verwendet werden, sind so bemessen, daß sie nur Schwingungen eines bestimmten Frequenzbereiches durchlassen, und zwar kann die Einrichtung so gewählt werden, daß durch die Kettenleiter alle Frequenzen oberhalb einer bestimmten Frequenz oder unterhalb einer bestimmten Frequenz, oder zwischen zwei bestimmten Frequenzen durchgehen. In ersterem Falle erhält man eine selektive Verstärkung mit dem Merkmal, daß Frequenzen, die unterhalb der in Frage kommenden Frequenz liegen, nicht mit zur \^erstärkung gelangen, während im ■ zweiten Falle nur Frequenzen verstärkt werden, die unterhalb einer bestimmten Grenze liegen. Kettenleiter in der dritten Ausführung gestatten schließlich die gleichmäßige Verstärkung über einen beliebigen mehr oder weniger eng begrenzten Bereich. Ausführungsbeispiele von Schaltungen für diese drei Fälle sind in den beiliegenden Figuren näher erläutert.Chain conductors are generally understood to be a combination of two or several circuits of the same kind, of which the following is always connected to the previous one going is coupled in an always consistent manner. The chain ladder, as in the Present invention used are dimensioned so that they only vibrate pass a certain frequency range, and indeed the device can be chosen be that through the ladder all frequencies above a certain frequency or below a certain frequency, or between two certain frequencies go through. In the first case one obtains a selective amplification with the characteristic that frequencies which are below the frequency in question are not able to gain strength, while in the ■ second case only frequencies are amplified that are below a certain limit lie. Finally, chain ladders in the third version allow the uniform Amplification over any more or less narrowly limited area. Embodiments of circuits for these three cases are explained in more detail in the accompanying figures.

In Fig. ι ist eine Schaltung dargestellt, bei der nur Frequenzen unterhalb einer bestimmten Frequenz zur Verstärkung gelangen. Die Anlage besteht beispielsweise aus . zwei Kathodenröhren 1 und 2, die durch dieser Forderung genügende Kettenleiter gekoppelt sind. In der Schaltung sind alle unwesentlichen Teile, wie Filterkondensatoren, Regulierwiderstände, Batterien usw., weggelassen. Der Kettenleiter besteht aus zwei in Serie geschalteten Selbstinduktionsspulen 3 und 4, die durch die Kondensatoren 5, 6 und 7 mit der Rüekleitung 8 der beiden Röhren 1 und 2 verbunden sind. Fig. 2 zeigt ein Diagramm, bei dem auf der Abszisse die Frequenzen und auf der' Ordinate die Verstärkungsgrade einge-In Fig. Ι a circuit is shown in which only frequencies below a certain Gain frequency. The system consists, for example, of . two cathode tubes 1 and 2 coupled to the ladder that satisfies this requirement are. In the circuit are all insignificant parts, such as filter capacitors, regulating resistors, Batteries, etc., omitted. The chain ladder consists of two connected in series Self-induction coils 3 and 4, which are connected to the return line 8 of the two tubes 1 and 2 through the capacitors 5, 6 and 7 are. Fig. 2 shows a diagram in which on the abscissa the frequencies and on the ordinate shows the degrees of

Claims

are wearing. It can be seen from the curve in FIG. 2 that all frequencies which are above the frequency α are not transmitted through the ladder 3-7 to the tube 2 and are consequently not amplified, while the frequencies which are below the frequency a , be reinforced practically evenly. In Fig. 3 shows a ladder line which is impermeable to frequencies below a certain limit, frequency b of FIG. The chain conductor consists of the capacitors 9 and 10 and the self-induction coils 11, 12 and 13 arranged between them. The connection · of the chain conductor with the two amplifier tubes! and FIG. 2 is carried out in the manner explained with reference to FIG. The ladder transmits from the tube 1 to the tube 2 only frequencies which are above the value b in FIG. 4, while frequencies which are below this value are not amplified.

To limit the range of the frequency to be amplified in both directions,

^a 5, it is sufficient to connect a chain ladder according to FIG. ι in series with the chain ladder according to FIG. By appropriately dimensioning the electrical data of both chain conductors, the limit values of the frequency coming to the amplification can then possibly be changed. quenzbereioh.es. For this purpose, however, the chain ladder ¹ can also be designed according to FIG. 6 obvious peculiar characteristics. The frequency that is amplified by such a ladder is in the range ba. It is possible to use the chain ladder described above in conjunction with other suitable coupling elements. The practical execution of the chain ladder itself can be done in any way. So is z. B. conceivable to use the internal capacities of the cathode tube as capacities of the chain conductor. It is also possible, instead of using special capacitors, to use induction coils which have an internal capacitance due to a special type of winding. Induction coils are suitable for this which are produced by laying disc coils open on one side or on both sides, the size and distribution of the internal capacitance then depending in a known manner on the number and size of the individual discs and their wire wrapping such an embodiment is shown, for example. The coils 14, 15 and 16 are designed as disc coils and are stacked at a suitable distance on top of one another so that sufficient capacities arise between the individual coils The point A can be placed on the anode of the tube 2, while the capacitance between the coils 14, 15 and 16 is connected to the line 8 (FIG. 1) by the frame carrying the coils. Finally, it is also conceivable to use the ladder in the form of a current branch in a single line pus can be carried out through all the tubes of the cascade. Often, however, there should ^overall: nügcn to apply such coupling only between the first two tubes. In order to be able to change the limits of the frequency to be amplified in any way, it is expedient to make suitable elements of the chain conductor variable. ] Such high-frequency amplification is above all. Things at. Work with. Frame antennas are advantageous, ie with antennas which consist of wire windings applied to a holding frame.

When working with such loop antennas whose dimensions are usually small in relation to the incoming wave length, that have dimensions on the size of fractions' ■ or a few meters, it turns out that only by very fast field variations in them tensions and ^{disturbances:} to achieve · With the subject matter of the invention, it is now possible, by using suitable chain ladders, accordingly! der ^: Fig. ι after the side of the faster Schwin-! tried to limit the gain. A combination of the chain conductors according to FIG. 5 is not necessary, since such loop antennas do not have lower frequencies. As a result, it is now possible to switch off interference in the reception by means of frame coils in a manner previously unattainable.

P Λ T E N T - A N S P R Ü C H E:P Λ T E N T - A N S P R Ü C H E:

r. High frequency amplification by means of cathode tubes in cascade, characterized in that that the coupling of individual or all tubes of the cascade by no Chain ladder is made, which are sized so that they only vibrate one certain frequency range, either frequencies above a certain Cutoff frequency or below a certain cutoff frequency or between two certain. Cut-off frequencies let through. .

2. Cascade high-frequency amplification according to claim 1, characterized in that that suitable elements of the chain ladder are kept variable, for the purpose,

the delimitation of the fre- i special designed capacitive disk

alternatively change the frequency range to \ coils are formed.

can. · - 4th cascade high frequency amplification

3. Cascade high frequency amplification ^ according to claim 1 to 3, characterized

according to claims .1 and 2, characterized in that the receiving antenna is a

indicates that the chain ladder is used by a frame coil.

1 sheet of drawings.

ÜERUN. ükmoJCKT IN THE REICHSDntJCKEREl.