DE3038994A1 - CARTRIDGE ARRANGEMENT FOR AN ELECTRIC MUSIC INSTRUMENT WITH STRINGS - Google Patents

Description

Toiiabricliniftranordnun.cc for an electric musical instrument with strings

The present invention relates to a pickup for an electric musical instrument with strings and in particular on a pickup for an electric string instrument, the the Pre4ueuzvc.rhaltr.t1 of the instrument iu den Bäa & en Arerbessert.

The present invention relates generally to electrical iins Lic J iistnimente with strings and kanrj especially with electric Bastjgibari eo or similar musical instruments with several taut gfs-called strings are used that have a body or lifesonanzkastea and a shark »between the head of the instrument and a web connected to the body run, wherein the Strings are excited to vibrate by plucking or pulling.

To exit & aijmale from such a musical instrument or the instrument becomes in general provided with an electromagnetic pickup that is made of several magnetic elements (pole sections) with a it consists of a wound coil. Typically «becomes such a thing magnetic element attached directly to the strings of the instrument. The strings are made of a substance that can be smoothed out, e.g. steel, and thus become part of the river path the magnetic lines of force of the pole sections. If one of the strings is excited to vibrate, this results in a change of the magnetic field in the associated pole section. The further consequence is that a tension is generated in the coil; this voltage can be amplified and transferred to a loudspeaker »Ystem be transferred.

Various disadvantages arise with such an electromagnetic Pickup system on.

Electric guitars and other similar electric musical instruments are used in areas with strong magnetic fields that come from lighting equipment, motors, transformers and the like and from the pickup as. external Noise sources are detected. Have in the United States such noise sources usually have a frequency of 60 llertsc,

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ie the usual N'e fczfrtrjueiiz ,. Di λ nagnftit .- .. luii fields generate a tension, in> le.r Jj-tilir, d ±: · -u.aj.ni ebeiii * «.! is amplified and passed on to da-a loudspeaker system, e; er. becomes, in which the Spnanv.ij itself as a disturbing Brummsi, nernericbar rnar.iit ,.

To overcome this problem, a pick-up for electrical music is used in a known manner: <· ■ vcnv? R: l't,. '*. rii.; i '^>' ii »it ep aur shows, voji each of which has several magnetic pole sections and a coil, and which are arranged close to one another but at a distance from one another. . "π.ι * · ι. Alles"·. For LrL ^ u, it- ^ c a Je * ¹ To ^^ bnehniereiTit'H it e ·. have ilu e ^ Oiu ^ ole iienen d * n strings and their south poles behaved.i.siiiciBiii far from the Sailer fiufpnt, vo Ii in £ * »&<· η all pole sections eder anc'ersi To, .. ι" m ^ h'i & rei>'h «ri ι their ^" idpoie next to the gaiten and iiire nor-lpoii, relatively far removed from the strings hau. The coils of the two toiiabn "hni" r * iril'riteu are wound in opposite directions and inpt.cler depends * with either ileihe or in parallel. T) a iiiwhtung of the ο LroiniTluÄses in each coil of the magnetic polarity, is * t -1 ie RichLiaig TUs current flow in one SpTiIe tntg gsnge ^ ^ etit you uts S Lroiuin der a: ifler «u 3 _λ . · Α1β Lex each am · oaiteii. However, since the

i ^{iine "fcr} ^" J-coil tlen in opposite directions, which is schwingunge string in per-Vr coil through. .liidiv I>"r Le 3igna3. adoxtiv, ie d 's AusgnngBaigaal is ounuae induced in each coil Sigiiale.

On the other hand, the signals in atm coils generated by the coils aurgenomiueiieri, from power supply lines generate currents that are independent of the magnetic polarity and accordingly such power supply sources generate plias-like voltages. But since the coils are wound in opposite directions, the signals in phase cancel each other out and the output signal is the difference between the signals generated in each coil from the power supply lines. This means that all interference signals originating from power supply sources, which otherwise express themselves as hum, are reduced or completely eliminated . This is why the arrangement is called hum suppression.

Another, not necessarily together with pickups

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hanging Schwiex i & kfcil Ί Is L, de »" r ^ - human ear opposite ι "λΊ t'i ;;» "frequencies or Btiabeu blicht is so sensitive, is b as compared to uii t animals πMd high frequencies». The same applies to loudspeakers uiid other 3 \ sft * n> · »to the music production. Mcde-rne Mue-ik, be.-ondere disco music and Tioclv-? '.. ik, -icioh-u strong · >> Use of ''aasen. the Musikindu "trie has therefore constantly verputht, the output!" performance in stringed instruments, special-JF-is hii Ba ngitarren ihi liereich> ^T he "ate to fi iiöhen. ße.iui rer? Improvements to Laut.iorftcii * '., Λ1 ··, lrph.1 ^ y * treinen, Tons expensive uii & s scarf are good for ifliktrotnagnetiscua Toaabrirtln.i ^ r unvl like wui'deü made.

Proceeding, however, has led to the 'gawi-uisrhl: en lifting ^ r · led.

Uie ßrTiiiduUji, scLalTL finpi pickup for an electric musical instrument m_Lt üaiten, hOaun-h fins Frfn "" nzverhalteii des Xiis truHiejLifcs b? I der. Hassen is improved and a compensation for the uneiiipf xnoiiclikeit i ^. Rizen of the human ear This is achieved by attaching a pair of tortoiseshell units at the most favorable places on the body or fcesoiiaix ^ cadte; i of the instrument, so that the output power is increased when the pickup unit is new , which means, in relation to the Caiten, the reddest sensitivity over cl-ii da ^ sfrequenzeii. The Uauptsrichlnch basses contain: · - ^ asig "ial? Flyers special toi.abiehiiieinheit are added to the output with low and high frequencies of the other pickup unit in order to achieve the desired frequency range.

In a nutshell, it can be said that the present Invention of a pickup for an electric musical instrument the one made of a body, a shark *, with a head, one with that Korpua connected bridge section and a plurality of strings stretched between the head and the bridge section relates and characterized by: a first pickup unit, the about a third of the way between the E.ide of the with the Body connected neck part and the bridge unit and a first set of cooperating with the strings of the instrument Pole units comprises a first coil wound around the first set of pole sections and one of the first coils in parallel switched, as a shunt for all frequencies except the

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Desired Bassfrequejizeii wiilceodivi condenser: and a second parallel to the first, in the distance \ o ± i of the same a.jfff'Trtnetfi pickup purity, which is about halfway between the inherited to ^ almehmereiiiheit and your bridge hole. is attached and has a second set of pole sections and a second and> this second set of pole sections wound coil, the first = and the second coil in ithehe secret! I et are between the grounding and the output of the first pickup unit.

It is therefore an object of the present invention to provide a pickup unit for an electrical; "Iuald ^ strutnent to create with strings, whereby the proportion of the lia & sfrequency is ve & publicly increased. A key feature of the present invention is that this goal is achieved by creating a pickup for a plectric musical instrument with a pair of va -n pickups "leiüexit en or -uniteii, which are attached in optimal position in D- ^ ig p« for the head and the bridge of the instriv'nt. ·, and dux'ch E j nri ch + imgen, ^ ΑΗΐ | The advantage is that the bass component of the output connection of such a pickup unit is significantly increased Another advantage is that the sound pickup unit can be used with the usual loudspeakers, sound radiation units, sound control circuits and the like without special devices for raising the bass it is, after all, that the above aims are achieved in a simple, effective manner.

Other objectives, features and advantages of the present Invention will become apparent to those skilled in the art from the following detailed Description of preferred embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which like reference numbers Identify like parts in the various drawings.

FIG. 1 is a plan view of an electric bass guitar with the pickup arrangement according to the invention.

Figure 2 is a schematic representation of the pickup units of the pickup of the bass guitar shown in Figure 1 and relates to a first embodiment of the invention.

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Finally, FIG. 3 is a representation similar to FIG and shows a second embodiment of the present invention.

In Fi ^ ur 1 the invention is shown installed in an electric building guitar 10; The bass guitar comprises a body or ResoTianzknstin 11, a holder 12 for the handles, "id one with one end of the neck * 12 vex'buudenexi head 13, the & ttiidere end of the neck 12 is connected to the body 11. Between the head 13 of the Bassgitarrc 10 and a body 11 connected to the web l4 | multiple strings 15-L8 fcind spanned _f which are located in a single, parallel to the front side of the body level.

The strings Ij- lS are made of a magnetizable material, for example steel, and have diameters matched to one another in a known manner. An output signal is generated by guitar 10 · with the aid of fcineö electromagnetic. Pickup 20 obtained, which is the subject of the present invention. Vibrations which arise when the strings are plucked, result only in the generation of an electrical signal in the pickup 20, which can then be amplified in a suitable manner and transmitted to a loudspeaker system. '

The design of the pickup 20 is generally known and comprises at least a first and a second pickup unit 30 and 40, respectively, to prevent hum, the unit 30 consisting of several magnetic elements (pole sections) 31-3 ^ of the same type, which are made in a manner known to those skilled in the art can be magnetized} Tonabnehnieinheit k0 consists of a similar number of identical magnetic elements (Polabscknltt ·) kl-kk. The number of consecutive sections 31-3 is usually equal to the number of polabechnits * »4i-44 and also corresponds to the number of strings 15-18. Pole sections 31-3 ^ ** n <l ki-kk are attached in the resonance box 11 in a known * way and are held in place by suitable caps 35 or ^ 5.

From FIG. 2 it can be seen that in this embodiment, too, all pole sections 31-34 of the pickup unit 30 have their north poles apart from the strings 15-18 and their south poles relatively far from the strings 15-18, whereas all pole sections kl-kk of the Tonabiiehiner * iuh * it 4θ their south pole · close by

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the strings 15-18 and il'ire North Pole verha! t r> ! ..-. 'Very far from d «-n Having removed strings, ljies ·· arrangement can also be reversed wexileu.

A living coil 36 consisting of many turns of a wire is wound around the 1 ^Λ ο1 sections 31-3't 0 “sr Toiiabiiehnieinheit 30, whereas one of the gxossi * a A, is.-nhl of Windings of a five-wire coil 46 are placed around the pulley cuts 41-44 of the unit. The wires of the coils 36 and 46 are insulated, for example with insulating varnish; The entire unit dividing the pole sections, the holder plates and the spalea is expediently immersed in a suitable varnish. Beil .. Playing the guitar 1Ü has / i * movement dftr Jalte = i 15-1 >> in the known »eLe that tension.en in the opuli =. ?> 6 and \ ί6 are induced; these voltages are transmitted to the output circuit of an amplifier and then to a loudspeaker system.

To suppress hum, the coils 36 and k6 are wound in opposite directions. According to the invention, the spins 36 and 46 are connected in series between earth 21 and an output circuit 22. Since the direction of the current flow through each coil depends on the magnetic polarity, the direction of the current flow in each coil is opposite to that of the current flow in the other coil for each string. 4fcA & V, however, if the direction of the windings of the two coils is opposite, the tensions generated in the reels by the string vibrations add up. The output signal appearing on line 22 is the sum of the voltages generated in the coils.

The coils 36 and recorded kb, r Ö "Stromversorgungaleitung stammeηden signals resulting currents are independent of the magnetic polarity; such external signals thus result in voltages in phase. If coils 36 and 46 are wound in opposite directions, these signals of the same phase cancel each other out and the output signal appearing in line 22 is the difference between the external voltages induced in each of the coils 36 and 46. This means that any interference from power sources, which usually occurs in the 0-15Ο Hertz range and manifests itself as an unpleasant hum, is effectively reduced

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"bad original

or & received T; ird. From the -: »· reason can di * arrangement as

At ο figure i you can see: .-. Im, da '} the only useful position

Attachment of the ToTiab "eh <iier & Tir.rdnung 20 is located between the end 23 of the neck 12 and the S leg 14. Theoretically, it is useful to set the To.:-iLuehmeranorduung £ 0 to 1ΐΛΐϋ · ηι "Jeg between the end points of each of the strings IJ iO auiubrinjeu, since the") uii "C u> ui? Unki of the maximum deflection of the Sale «at their jeviil i & * n Crundfrequeiu d« r Saiteiisohwiagui-g matches. If ToiiÄl'.n ^ raaordnuag Ξ0 is moved away from the central position, its sensitivity to the fundamental frequency decreases, while the sensitivity to the harmonics increases. This is a consequence of the fact that the position of at least one of the end points changes when the musician brings the strings 15-1 $ to rest against the crossbars attached to the shark. With regard to the attachment of the pickup 20, certain compromises must therefore be made.

If the pickup 20 is brought close to the bridge 14, it is always far away from the center of the strings and is therefore not very sensitive to the fundamental frequency. If, on the other hand, the pickup 20 is brought very close to the end 23 of the neck 12, and thus close to the midpoints of the strings, if a die.se are not brought to rest against the grove, the pickup 20 has only a small one Sensitivity to the fundamental frequency while the musician grips the strings 15-ΐΰ La of the widths of the end 23 of the neck 12. For the reasons outlined above, it is also desirable that maximum sensitivity is generated for the fundamental tone in order to increase the sensitivity of the pickup 20 for the bass.

It can be seen from FIGS. 1 and 2 that the aims of the invention are achieved by having the pickup units 30 and 4: 0 attached to the body 11 in parallel at a distance from one another. Vie seen from Figure 1, the pickup unit is PIaIees 12 and the web fitted lk about one-third of the stretch "between the end of 23 3 °. The pickup unit 30 is thus located at a point where it is close to the midpoints of the strings 13-18 when the musician is playing the instrument 10. Statistically, handles are mainly between the saddle

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performed around the twelfth fret- The pickup unit kO is differently * attached to a third of the distance between bridge l4 and the end 23 of the halaea 12 (ie halfway "mixing bridge lk and pickup unit 30), where the sensitivity to the harmonics is increased . Pickup unit kO is mainly used to reproduce the middle sound frequencies.

In addition, according to the invention, a capacitor 38 is connected in parallel to the coil 36 in the manner shown in FIG. The capacitance of the capacitor 38 is chosen so that there is a shunt to the ground 21 for all frequencies except the desired bases, which are to be raised by the present invention. In the case of a base guitar, in which the free Ε-string has a frequency of kl.2 Hertz, the capacitance of the capacitor 38 is so selected that it is just effective at low frequencies, i.e. as an open circle at frequencies in the range of 40- 6O Hertz works and practically represents a short circuit at frequencies above 150 Hertz. The crossover point is around 100 Hertz. In the case of a conventional guitar in which the open Ε-string has a frequency of 82.4l Hertz, the value of the capacitor 38 is chosen so that it is effective essentially at frequencies in the range of 150-200 Hertz.

In other words, the invention teaches to mount the pickup assembly 30 at a location where it has the greatest sensitivity to the fundamental frequencies of the strings 15-18, and also to use a capacitor 38 in parallel with the coil 3 ^ in order to shunt it for frequencies deviating from the desired bass frequencies. The output signals of the pickup unit 30 are combined with the output signals of the pickup unit kO, the latter pickup unit being mainly sensitive to the middle and high frequencies. The combination of the output signals of the two coils is achieved by connecting them in series between output line 22 and ground 21. If the output signals are applied to a known, conventional amplifier and loudspeaker system, the pickup arrangement 20 results in an increased low-frequency output power of the bass

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guitar 10.

Bex the embodiment of the "rf inc? Uiipc b ^; * telit dip Tonabnilmicrauor ^ jung "} Q shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 from a single set of follow sections 31-3 ^ and a single coil 3 ^ i in a similar manner kO unit constructed. A person skilled in the art is aware of the external Auor-bu'-igen. Uic zD. Lr ^ Fijur 3, a Tonabnehnieranordnung 50 may have a bass guitar 10 is a unit 60 which is also -As another Tonabnehmereiijliiit OD as a dual assembly constructed. This means that the coolness CO consists of two sets of pole sections Gl-G ² I and 65 - βii _T , each with its own coil 69 and 70 axi. The pole sections Cj-C) F ₁ have a haguetiaieruti opposite the pole sections 6l-6't and coils C ¹ ·) and "0 are wound in opposite directions when coils 69 and 70 are connected in series or in parallel with one another In both cases, capacitor 71 is connected in parallel to coils 69 and 70 for the reasons described above with reference to pickup unit 20.

Xn dhiiJ-ichcr i.e. the pickup arrangement 6Ü contains two Sets of pole sections 8l-8 '± and b5-Öö, each of which is one has ftigoiic coil 89 and 90, respectively. The magnetic orientations of the pole sections Ül-G'i and öj-Cü are opposite and Coils 89 and 9O are wound in opposite directions and in series or connected in parallel to each other. This Spiilei.konbira.tioj! is in Series with coils 69 and 70 connected. In the case of the pickup arrangement 50 switching devices can be provided to bridge either coil 69 or coil 70; furthermore kö.iren Switches are provided with which coil 89 or coil 90 can be short-circuited at the same time. The reasons for the The expediency of switching off one of the two coils in a dual pickup arrangement is known per se to the person skilled in the art. Those skilled in the art will also recognize that pickup assembly 50 is a more effective noise suppression than Tonabnehmeranordmmg 20. forms.

It can therefore be seen that the present invention includes a pickup assembly for an electric musical instrument Creates strings, which significantly improves the frequency properties of the instrument in the case of the left, so that the sensitivity of the human ear for these frequencies

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This is achieved in that a pair of pickup units is attached to the body of the instrument at optimally located locations and that the output power of that pickup unit is significantly increased due to its position in relation to the strings for the uanäfris <\ u * is nzfr · s at empfindlichst haviptsächlich the bass frequencies output voltage containing this special .Tonnbpehmcreinheit xvird the high frequencies predominantly containing Ausgansaspaumiiig the other Toiiabiielunereinheit added to obtain \ in the desired frequency range.

The invention has been made with reference to preferred embodiments described, but sitid drm expert different Modifications and improvements in the principle of the invention can be seen The scope of the invention is not determined by the examples shown, but rather by the claims.

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L e r s e i t e

Claims (1)

lJ roriabuehineranorcliiuri ^ door is an electrical musical instrument of the type consisting of a body (Eesorianzkasten), a neck iv.it head, a «lixt -Jleni body variable bridge arrangement and several strings attached between the head and the bridge arrangement, characterized by a * First toii pickup unit (30) attached between the neck and bridge, consisting of a set of ^{pole sections (31-3 ^) assigned to the strings (.15-1O 1} ) and interacting with them, a first around the first set of pole sections (31- 3 ^) arranged bpuie (3δ) and the first coil (36) devices connected in parallel, which create a shunt for frequencies deviating from the desired bass frequencies; and a second tone (40) , which is attached parallel to the first tone and is spaced apart therefrom, consisting of a second set of pole sections (kl-kk) which act with the strings (15-18) and a second coil (46) associated with the second set of pole sections (kl-kk) , which is connected in series with the first coil (36). ; 2. Pickup arrangement for an electric musical instrument according to claim 1, characterized in that all pole sections 130031/0514 BATH ORIGINAL KjL 1, '■' - '' A-. '+ l-4'i ·) the'ioriebni'iimorc irhei t (30 or ^ u) their ft'ordpoie iiebeij the strings (.l ^ -lo / and their »= · Siidpole have separated from the strings that All pole sections ('± 1-44 or 31-3 ^) of the anriertii Tonabnehraereinheib v-'iv bz »» - 3 ^ have their south poie close to the strings (15-IÖ) and their north poie away from them *, u ^ ri that the first (j> G) i.-tifl dip second (4b) coil around the eritsprec);?: iJ "· ΤΌΊ.? b? rhnitte ί 31- j 1 b: i» v '! l-'l'i) ge er en are sensibly wound, sodaä <.; j - »Ί & γΊτ. ^H urch bciiwitigriugeji eier strings induced spnnmintcen addiorosi ί;.! riio induced by itausciifjupllenff.i ^ xP iiiu.nri *; i subtract . 3- TonabnehmeraiiurdiHnj f-'ir an electric musical instrument liach A.isi'ruch. 1 or 2, characterized geivpnr.zeichnet, the DALI a shunt sciic »f f ρ.ΐΐΗ (· ΐ! Kin r ic ti do gene from finen capacitor (3b) consist whose gegenaberlirgende opposite sides with Iöiide.1 the first coil ( .} to) verbui ^ mi are. 'l · Ton «bnehnieranordiiu: ig for an electrical i-iusilcins crutnent n« ch AiiSi'rur.li 1 or 2, thereby ker'nzfichnst, because the first toaabnehirereinhei C (3 ^) roughly on a section of the Abatanda between the » At the end of the neck (11;) connected to the body Cll) and the constant arrangement il-'t) is arranged- j. Pickup device for an electric musical instrument according to Claim -f, characterized in that the second pickup unit (40) is attached approximately half the distance between the first pickup unit (30) and the bridge arrangement (1 '±) 5. Tonabriehmeranorduuiig for a ßl electrical musical instrument according to claim i or 2, characterized in that the devices creating a shunt are beaesseii for frequencies of more than about 150 Hertz. 7- pickup arrangement for an electric musical instrument, characterized by a pair of coils connected in series and a capacitor (30) connected in parallel to one of the coils, which shunts one of the coils for frequencies other than the desired bass frequencies. 13 ti & rvro 8ϊ BATH ORIGINAL 8. Pickup arrangement according to claim 7, dadurtu records that the iapuleu zvir:> cn.er <1f> r Ertei? (21) uwi an output line (2Ü; in iieihe gesaCiiaiLfct si- ^ ¹ ii: i ^r1 ! Rzw i, sc1 \ i >> i have a common connection point, and daji the L-oudeuaator (3 <5) between the gcmei ^^ ame,! VerLindmiiri-pmikt nnH earth (2l) is switched. 9. Tonauiieuiiierajioriiüuiig Jiach claim ",. '»?>.' Lurch ? fichnets that the coils between the LrcLui.i & and t-mt-r ' ^A ue ^; ai "2" - kiemrae iti iceihe are aclisitet nnrl between a like to cut a connection point ", and dal-dt-r Kuixlstisierungs zr : sch «" d «m 5c mc. ir seed connection point and the üusgaiigsklerjir.e geadinitct is t. 10. Pickup arrangement according to claims 7> ö or i ?, dndiirch gfkeiiiiz.6xrechner, cia ^! er Kor · de ™ «ator ^ 71) a shunt for Frequencies of more than about IJO -lertz dai "5tpljt · 130031/051 k BATH ORIGINAL