DE3036904C2 - Pistons for internal combustion engines - Google Patents
Pistons for internal combustion enginesInfo
- Publication number
- DE3036904C2 DE3036904C2 DE3036904A DE3036904A DE3036904C2 DE 3036904 C2 DE3036904 C2 DE 3036904C2 DE 3036904 A DE3036904 A DE 3036904A DE 3036904 A DE3036904 A DE 3036904A DE 3036904 C2 DE3036904 C2 DE 3036904C2
- Authority
- DE
- Germany
- Prior art keywords
- piston
- axis
- bowl
- pistons
- internal combustion
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 title claims description 18
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000035882 stress Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000008646 thermal stress Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000010355 oscillation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
- F02B23/00—Other engines characterised by special shape or construction of combustion chambers to improve operation
- F02B23/02—Other engines characterised by special shape or construction of combustion chambers to improve operation with compression ignition
- F02B23/06—Other engines characterised by special shape or construction of combustion chambers to improve operation with compression ignition the combustion space being arranged in working piston
- F02B23/0636—Other engines characterised by special shape or construction of combustion chambers to improve operation with compression ignition the combustion space being arranged in working piston the combustion space having a substantially flat and horizontal bottom
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02F—CYLINDERS, PISTONS OR CASINGS, FOR COMBUSTION ENGINES; ARRANGEMENTS OF SEALINGS IN COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02F3/00—Pistons
- F02F3/02—Pistons having means for accommodating or controlling heat expansion
- F02F3/022—Pistons having means for accommodating or controlling heat expansion the pistons having an oval circumference or non-cylindrical shaped skirts, e.g. oval
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
- F02B2275/00—Other engines, components or details, not provided for in other groups of this subclass
- F02B2275/14—Direct injection into combustion chamber
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
- F02B3/00—Engines characterised by air compression and subsequent fuel addition
- F02B3/06—Engines characterised by air compression and subsequent fuel addition with compression ignition
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
- Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft einen Kolben für Verbrennungskraftmaschinen mit einer an seiner oberen Stirnfläche gebildeten Brennraummulde, deren an dieser Stirnfläche in einer Ebene senkrecht zur Kolbenachse liegender Umfassungsrand eine längliche Kontur aufweist Dabei sind unter dem Umfassungsrand der Brennraummulde die Randkante und der daran anschließende oberste Bereich der Muldenseitenwand zu verstehen. Brennraummulden, deren Umfassungsrand eine längliche Kontur aufweist, sind bei Kolben bekannt (DE-PS 8 94 635 und GB-PS 3 59 934). Der längliche Umfassungsrand hat an den beiden Randenden Halbkreisform und ist dazwischen stellenweise geradlinig ausgebildet. Bei diesen Kolben soll der so ausgebildete Umfassungsrand der Brennraummulde dazu dienen, daß der Kolben im Bereich zwischen den Bolzenaugen keine höhere Temperatur annimmt als im Bereich der Kolbenbolzenaugen (DE-PS 3 94 635) oder dazu, eine Konzentrizität der Brennraummulde mit den Einspritzdüsen bei gleichzeitiger Exzentrizität dieser Mulde in bezug auf die Kolbenachse (GB-PS 359 934) erhalten zu können.The invention relates to a piston for internal combustion engines with a combustion bowl formed on its upper face, whose on this face in a plane perpendicular to The circumferential edge lying on the piston axis has an elongated contour. These are below the circumferential edge of the combustion bowl, the edge and the adjoining uppermost area of the bowl side wall to understand. Combustion bowls, the peripheral edge of which has an elongated contour, are used in pistons known (DE-PS 8 94 635 and GB-PS 3 59 934). The elongated circumferential edge has at the two edge ends Semicircular shape and is straight in places in between. This is how it should be with these pistons formed circumferential edge of the combustion bowl serve that the piston in the area between the Pin eyes does not assume a higher temperature than in the area of the piston pin eyes (DE-PS 3 94 635) or in addition, a concentricity of the combustion bowl with the injection nozzles with simultaneous eccentricity of these Well to be able to get in relation to the piston axis (GB-PS 359 934).
Die an den Rändern von Brennraummulden auftretenden mechanischen und thermischen Spannungen verursachen an bisher bekannten Kolben aufgrund der am Kolbenboden auftretenden hohen Temperaturen Werkstoffermüdungen und in der Folge Risse im Werkstoff. Die thermischen Spannungen werden vom Verbrennungsverfahren, der Anordnung der Aus- und Einlaßventile bzw. von der Anordnung der Einspritzdüsen im Zylinderkopf der Maschine beeinflußt und sind vom Motortyp abhängig. Dagegen sind die mechanischen Spannungen am Brennraunsmuldenrand in ihrer Verteilung und Art (Zug- oder Druckspannung) unabhängig von der Muldenform oder vom Motortyp immer vergleichbar. Konstruktionsbedingt entstehen in den Zonen oberhalb der Kolbenbolzenbohrung am Muldenrand stets durch den Zünddruck hervorgerufene Zugspannungen senkrecht zur Bolzenachse. In denThe mechanical and thermal stresses that occur at the edges of combustion bowls cause on previously known pistons due to the high temperatures occurring at the piston crown Material fatigue and, as a result, cracks in the material. The thermal stresses are from Combustion process, the arrangement of the exhaust and intake valves or the arrangement of the injection nozzles influenced in the cylinder head of the machine and are dependent on the engine type. Against this are the mechanical ones Tensions on the edge of the furnace recess in their Distribution and type (tensile or compressive stress) regardless of the shape of the bowl or the type of engine always comparable. Due to the design, in the zones above the piston pin bore on The bowl edge always causes tensile stresses perpendicular to the bolt axis due to the ignition pressure. In the
κι Zonen des Muldenrandes im Bereich (oberhalb) der
Pleuelschwingebene entstehen jedoch senkrecht zu dieser gerichtete Druckspannungen. Diese bei jedem
Zündvorgang auftretenden mechanischen Spannungen verursachen zusammen mit den vorgenannten thermisehen
Spannungen am Muldenrand im Bereich oberhalb der Kolbenbolzenbohrung die vorerwähnte Werkstoffermüdung,
welche die Ursache für bisher entstehende Risse hat
Der Erfindung liegt daher die Aufgabe zugrunde, die erwähnten mechanischen Spannungen an und außerhalb
des Muldenrandes des Kolbens durch eine entsprechende Formgebung so weit herabzusetzen, daß das
Entstehen von Rissen verhindert bzw. weitestgehend ausgeschaltet wird. Diese Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemaß
durch die im kennzeichnenden Teil des Patentanspruches 1 angegebene Ausbildung des Umfassungsrandes
der Brennraummulde gelöst Dabei kann der Mittelpunkt des elliptischen Umfassungsrandes auf der
Kolbenachse oder etwa auf der Kolbenachse sitzen.However, κι zones of the bowl edge in the area (above) the connecting rod oscillation plane arise perpendicular to this directional compressive stresses. These mechanical stresses occurring with every ignition process, together with the aforementioned thermal stresses on the bowl edge in the area above the piston pin bore, cause the aforementioned material fatigue, which is the cause of the cracks that have developed up to now
The invention is therefore based on the object of reducing the mentioned mechanical stresses on and outside the bowl rim of the piston by appropriate shaping to such an extent that the formation of cracks is prevented or largely eliminated. According to the invention, this object is achieved by the formation of the peripheral edge of the combustion bowl indicated in the characterizing part of claim 1. The center of the elliptical peripheral edge can be located on the piston axis or approximately on the piston axis.
jo In der Zeichnung ist ein besonders vorteilhaftes Ausführungsbeispiel des erfindungsgemäßen Kolbens dargestellt, welches im folgenden näher beschrieben wird:jo In the drawing is a particularly advantageous one Embodiment of the piston according to the invention shown, which is described in more detail below will:
F i g. 1 zeigt einen Axialschnitt durch diese Ausführungsform; F i g. 1 shows an axial section through this embodiment;
F i g. 2 ist eine Draufsicht auf die obere Stirnseite dieser Ausführungsform.F i g. Figure 2 is a top plan view of the top of this embodiment.
Bei dem dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiel hat der Kolben 1 mit Bohrung 2 für den Kolbenbolzen eine an der oberen Stirnfläche 4 des Kolbens zentrisch angeordnete, etwa zylindrische Brennraummulde 3. Die sich im oberen Bereich der Brennraummulde parallel zur Kolbenachse erstreckende Seitenwandung 5 der Brennraummulde geht in einer Wölbung in den ebenen Muldenboden 6 über.In the illustrated embodiment, the piston 1 has a bore 2 for the piston pin the upper end face 4 of the piston centrally arranged, approximately cylindrical combustion bowl 3. The in the upper region of the combustion bowl parallel to the piston axis extending side wall 5 of The combustion chamber trough merges into the flat trough bottom 6 in a bulge.
Aus F i g. 2 ergibt sich, daß die Brennraummulde 3 im Bereich der sich parallel zur Kolbenachse 9 erstreckenden Muldenwandung elliptischen Querschnitt hat, so daß auch der Rand der Brennraummulde einenFrom Fig. 2 shows that the combustion bowl 3 extends parallel to the piston axis 9 in the area Bowl wall has an elliptical cross section, so that the edge of the combustion bowl also has a
so derartigen Querschnitt besitzt. Die Abmessungen dieser Ellipse sind so gewählt daß die kürzere Achse X sich parallel zur Achse der Kolbenbolzenbohrung 2 erstreckt. Das Verhältnis der Längen der Achsen X und Y der Ellipse sollte 1 :1,1 bis 1 :1,3 betragen.so has such a cross-section. The dimensions of this ellipse are chosen so that the shorter axis X extends parallel to the axis of the piston pin bore 2. The ratio of the lengths of the X and Y axes of the ellipse should be 1: 1.1 to 1: 1.3.
Hierzu 1 Blatt Zeichnungen1 sheet of drawings
Claims (3)
Priority Applications (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE3036904A DE3036904C2 (en) | 1980-09-30 | 1980-09-30 | Pistons for internal combustion engines |
| GB8128743A GB2084696B (en) | 1980-09-30 | 1981-09-23 | Piston for an internal combustion engine |
| FR8118206A FR2491148B1 (en) | 1980-09-30 | 1981-09-28 | PISTON FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE3036904A DE3036904C2 (en) | 1980-09-30 | 1980-09-30 | Pistons for internal combustion engines |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| DE3036904A1 DE3036904A1 (en) | 1982-06-03 |
| DE3036904C2 true DE3036904C2 (en) | 1984-04-05 |
Family
ID=6113232
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE3036904A Expired DE3036904C2 (en) | 1980-09-30 | 1980-09-30 | Pistons for internal combustion engines |
Country Status (3)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| DE (1) | DE3036904C2 (en) |
| FR (1) | FR2491148B1 (en) |
| GB (1) | GB2084696B (en) |
Families Citing this family (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE3726027A1 (en) * | 1987-08-05 | 1989-02-16 | Alcan Gmbh | HEAT-INPUTED COMPONENT |
| FR2739896B1 (en) * | 1995-10-11 | 1997-12-12 | Inst Francais Du Petrole | CONTROLLED IGNITION INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE WITH IMPROVED COMBUSTION |
| DE19848649C5 (en) * | 1998-10-22 | 2008-11-27 | Peter Greiner | Carbon piston for an internal combustion engine |
| CN103334847A (en) * | 2013-07-18 | 2013-10-02 | 周继斌 | Small-gap and low-friction piston component |
Family Cites Families (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB359934A (en) * | 1929-07-25 | 1931-10-26 | Motoren Werke Mannheim Ag | Improvements in or relating to the fuel injection in oil engines |
| DE723709C (en) * | 1939-11-09 | 1942-08-10 | Hans Villinger | Injection internal combustion engine with at least one mixing chamber arranged in the piston |
| DE894635C (en) * | 1943-04-18 | 1953-10-29 | Kloeckner Humboldt Deutz Ag | Pistons for injection internal combustion engines with a combustion chamber mounted in the piston crown |
| US2600440A (en) * | 1950-05-17 | 1952-06-17 | Donald H Smith | Piston construction for internal-combustion engines |
| DE864475C (en) * | 1950-12-21 | 1953-01-26 | Erich Dipl-Ing Ledwinka | Combustion chamber arranged exclusively in the piston for internal combustion engines working with air compression and self-ignition |
| US3085557A (en) * | 1957-07-07 | 1963-04-16 | Maschf Augsburg Nuernberg Ag | Combustion chambers for pistons |
| US3144008A (en) * | 1961-12-22 | 1964-08-11 | List Hans | Internal combustion engine with compression ignition |
-
1980
- 1980-09-30 DE DE3036904A patent/DE3036904C2/en not_active Expired
-
1981
- 1981-09-23 GB GB8128743A patent/GB2084696B/en not_active Expired
- 1981-09-28 FR FR8118206A patent/FR2491148B1/en not_active Expired
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DE3036904A1 (en) | 1982-06-03 |
| FR2491148B1 (en) | 1985-12-27 |
| GB2084696A (en) | 1982-04-15 |
| FR2491148A1 (en) | 1982-04-02 |
| GB2084696B (en) | 1984-07-25 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| OP8 | Request for examination as to paragraph 44 patent law | ||
| D2 | Grant after examination | ||
| 8363 | Opposition against the patent | ||
| 8331 | Complete revocation |