DE3031840C1 - Production of foams - Google Patents

Description

3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that as aromatic oils boiling over 2WC, high-aromatic oils from thermal or catalytic cracking systems boiling above 2WC are used alone or in mixtures with corresponding coal tar oils, which are mixed with pulverized coal in a ratio of 1: 2 to 1: 6 be mixed up.

The invention relates to the production of pressure- and abrasion-resistant, highly heat-resistant foams based on bituminous compounds and aqueous phenol-resole-resin solutions.

Because of the long-term increasing shortage of the energy and chemical raw materials crude oil and natural gas is it is necessary on the one hand to take measures to reduce energy consumption and on the other Provide substitute products for mineral oil and natural gas. The first goal can be improved Make a significant contribution to the insulation of buildings and systems. For this purpose, foams based on plastic have been used proved to be particularly advantageous because of their low volume weight and their good insulating effect.

However, the current raw material basis for these substances is also mineral oil.

It is therefore desirable to have foams for insulation purposes on one of the mineral oil largely independent raw material base.

As a substitute product for mineral oil, in the first place that is plentiful in most industrialized nations to name existing coal. It is currently not being converted directly into liquid on an industrial scale Hydrocarbons converted Liquid hydrocarbons mainly fall only to a small extent in the coking of coal for the production of metallurgical coke as coal tar. This coal tar is refined through a combination of thermal and chemical processes being the main product Coal tar normal pitch is obtained in about 30% yield. The hard coal tar non-pitch pitch can get through thermal treatment or by blowing with air into a hard coal tar hard pitch (H - G. Franck, G. Coffin: "Coal tar", Springer Verlag, Berlin 1968).

The use of coal tar hard pitch for the production of high-quality foams in connection with aqueous phenolic resole resin solutions is the subject the DE-PS 2331241 of the applicant. To This process is pulverized coal tar hard pitch with a 70-80% aqueous phenol-rege sol resin solution with the addition of a propellant and a hardener acid foamed and cured at room temperature. In this way, foams are obtained with good heat resistance, high compressive strength and low density

Since coal tar pitch as high quality, ash and Low-sulfur raw material preferred for the production of anode and electrode binders and others high-quality carbon products are used and are therefore only used to a limited extent for other purposes

M is available, the object was put up another coal-burly of raw materials for the production of such foams.

This object was achieved according to the invention in that instead of hard coal tar pitch as bituminous Powdered coal mashed with aromatic oils was used. The aromatic Oils can be thermal or catalytic in the processing of coal tar or from residual oils Cracking plants for mineral oil fractions are obtained

M den and should preferably boil over 24 (FC.

These oils are known as solvents for hard coal in the liquefaction of coal under pressure at temperatures around 330 ³¹ C. Surprisingly, however, it has been shown that pulverized hard coal in particular

If the gas flame charcoal is already sufficiently dissolved at room temperature to initiate a chemical reaction with the resin solution during the curing process, and thus foams with strength values obtained which at least correspond to those of the foams obtained by the known process.

The strength can be adjusted within wide limits by the Choice of oil / coal mash ratio vary. Usable foams are obtained with mixing ratios of 1: 2 to 1: 6. ADe foams are wear-resistant and have good fire resistance.

As blowing agents and hardening acids all can be used in the DE-PS 2531241 used substances described

will. Of course, after the foams made by the process according to the invention

5a also by incorporated inactive fillers such. B. Perlite, glass fibers or urea foam particles can be modified in their properties.

The examples described below are intended to explain the invention in more detail without, however, restricting it.

example 1

First 40 parts of pulverized Westerholt gas flame charcoal (ash content 6JSRh, volatile content waf 3 & 5%) (90% <100 μm ^{) are mashed with 20 parts of filtered anthracene oil (boiling range 300-360 01} C). This mass is mixed with 140 parts of an aqueous 78% phenol Resol resin solution with the addition of 5 parts of pentane and 18.8 parts of a 1: 1 mixture of 80% phosphoric acid and p-thiolsulfonic acid. The mixture is mixed thoroughly before foaming

poured into a mold where the foaming and hardening is complete after 2-4 minutes. The foam obtained in this way is fine-pored and extremely abrasion-resistant. Its compressive strength is 1.8 N / mm ² with a density of 220 kg / cm ³ .

Example 2

Example 2 corresponds to example 1. Only the oil / coal mixing ratio is as follows changes:

50 parts of powdered Westholt gas flame coal
10 parts of filtered anthracene oil

The compressive strength of the foam obtained is 0.75 N / mm ^{2 with} a density of 160 kg / cm ³ .

Example 3

A mixture of:

150 parts

aqueous 78% phenol resole resin solution

40 parts of pulverized Westerholt gas flame charcoal 10 parts of a fraction boiling from 285 to 362 ° C from pyrolysis residue oil from a steam cracking system for petroleum distillates for profit

tion of olefins

19.5 parts of phosphoric acid (80%) / p-toluenesulphonic acid 7 parts of trichlorotrifluoroethane

is pretreated and foamed as in Example 1. The foam obtained in this way has a compressive strength of 0.62 N / mm ² with a density of 140 kg / m ³ .

Claims (2)

30 claims: 1. Process for the production of foams from mixtures of bituminous masses, 70-80% aqueous phenolic resole resin solutions in a ratio of 1: 1 to 1: 5 and optionally Modifying agents with the addition of known blowing agents and hardening acids at room temperature are foamed together, characterized in that as bituminous masses Powdered coal mashed with aromatic oils can be used. 2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that coal tar fractions boiling over 2WC, preferably filtered anthracene oil, are used as aromatic oils, which are mixed with pulverized coal in a ratio of 1: 2 to 1: 6