DE301439C - - Google Patents

Description

IMPERIAL Λ

PATENT OFFICE.

PATENT LETTERING

- JVr 301 439 '- CLASS 79 c. GROUP 1.

Process for the refinement and dennicotinization of tobacco.

Patented in the German Empire on August 25, 1915.

When trying to free the tobacco from its harmful components, it has been shown that not only the nicotine content of tobacco, but also the the emergence of the foul-smelling, poisonous and caustic fuel oil, as well as the smelly and irritating fatty acids in smoking-related components in the harmful Effects of tobacco are involved

ίο and for the purpose of obtaining harmless tobacco products must be removed. In contrast, the essential oils and the tobacco resins form a valuable component of tobacco and must be used in the coming Refining processes are retained because the aroma of the smoldering tobacco to the depends largely on its resin content.

With all measures that are included in this

With regard to the refinement of the tobacco, this must also be taken into account assume that those oxidation processes which cause the darkening of the tobacco leaves, must be avoided.

The purpose of removing fuel oil, fatty acids and nicotine from tobacco is now proceed according to the present invention in the following manner. The tobacco is subjected to:

a) steaming or similar pretreatment to loosen the tobacco material,

b) leaching using suitable heated fatty acids and nicotine-dissolving agents under normal pressure,

c) possibly further damping,

d) after drying, a treatment with acetic acid to completely remove the Extractant.

Certain chlorine substitution products of methane and are suitable as extraction agents Ethylene. Among them is the ethylene chloride (boiling point 52 ° C) and the ethylene trichloride (Boiling point 85 ° C) proved to be particularly useful, but also the chloroform and the higher chlorine substitution products of Ethylene (perchlorethylene, boiling point 119 ° C, tetrachlorethylene, boiling point 144 ° C, pentachlorethylene, Boiling point 159 ° C) are suitable. In addition to the chlorine derivatives mentioned, you can Among other things, the following substances can be used with advantage: vinegar ether, benzene, Toluene, xylene. Calcium nitrate is expediently added to the solvents. ! ·

The steaming or loosening that takes place before leaching is about five: Minutes, the leaching carried out in a Merz apparatus in the heat one hour. After the solvent has been removed, it is used for 20 to 30 minutes while avoiding condensation, new, but dampened. The tobacco material thus treated is dried in air-diluted rooms and to remove the characteristic Chlorethylene smell or the residues of other extractants used in diluted Dipped in acetic acid or brought into acetic acid vapors and heated again.

Claims (3)

net. The tobacco leaves subjected to the process are completely odorless of the solvent, exhibit excellent, uniform bleaching and extraordinary high nicotine loss. Evidence analysis: 20 g of tobacco leaves are steamed through 5 minutes and then through Extracted hot for one hour using trichlorethylene in a Merz apparatus. The nicotine level the control sample was 1.3 percent; the nicotine content of the extracted leaves was 0.18 percent. So there was a 90 percent loss of nicotine. That with The chlorinated ethylene loaded with the extraction substances is dark brown in color. The solvents loaded with the dissolved substances can be removed by distillation recover the latter almost completely and in a pure state, so that the further Use is enabled. With regard to the fact that the Merz apparatus with about If the 2 percent loss works, the present process must be described as very economical will. The dissolved substances, the amount of which makes up about 5 percent of the raw materials, form a wax, which is found in the soap and candle manufacturing, as well as for varnishes. The ones from the treated Cigars made from tobacco leaves have a very special taste improvement. They taste milder and more noble. In the practical experiments to utilize the present method, has it has also been shown that a pretreatment of the tobacco leaves is sometimes useful especially with poor quality tobacco leaves. The following working methods have proven to be useful as a pretreatment process proven: i. The tobacco leaves are .by a few Minutes into an aqueous solution of magnesium oxide hydrate or a mixture of Magnesium salt solutions brought with the officinal lime water. The tobacco materials are inserted into the using a vessel made of wire mesh or perforated sheet metal Solution immersed, then lifted out and dried, then immersed again and again lifted out and dried, etc. This measure is repeated about four times. After the last immersion bath the leaves are placed in slightly dry state in a column filled with ammonia vapors chamber ( "Anziehraum") and transferred to einstündigern stays completely dry in a 120 ⁰ heated heat box. This procedure alone results in a nicotine loss of 20 to 30 percent. Document analysis: 100 g of tobacco leaves with a pure nicotine content of 1.88 percent are _{immersed in Mg (OH) 2} + H ₂ O for 20 minutes in the manner mentioned and then dried in vacuo. Nicotine content after drying i, 47 percent, nicotine loss so 25 percent. 2 .. A second pretreatment of the tobacco leaves consists in the use of a stream of water vapor loaded with carbonic acid and ammonia. which is supplied by a vapor generator which is under vacuum and is fed with an aqueous solution of carbonate of ammonia (30 g of [NH ₄ ] ₂ CO _{3 per liter of water).} This process differs from the known ammonia treatment in that, due to the presence of carbonic acid, the occurrence of undesirable oxidizing effects, in particular the darkening of the tobacco leaves, is prevented. Exemplary embodiment: 50 g of tobacco leaves are removed by one hour of exposure to the exposed to carbonated, ammoniacal water vapor. The nicotine level goes down from 1.64 percent to 0.80 percent, or around 50 percent. Are the tobacco leaves pretreated by one of these two methods of extraction Subjected with the extractants mentioned, the result is a product of very special delicacy. The immersion of magnesia as well as the treatment with the ammonia-carbonic acid mixture allow im Associated with the extraction and other methods of the present invention Unprecedented level of nicotine withdrawal and a product of very good quality To achieve goodness. The method can be used for tobacco leaves as well as for cut tobacco Find; mixtures of the solvents mentioned, e.g. B. trichlorethylene and dichloroethylene can be used. Pa ten τ-Α ν sp kitchen: 1. A process for refining and denicotinizing tobacco, characterized in that that tobacco is subjected one after the other: a) steaming or similar loosening pretreatment; b) leaching by means of fatty acids and nicotine-dissolving liquids in which Warmth, at ordinary pressure; c) possibly a further damping, and d) a treatment of the steamed, leached and dried tobacco with Acetic acid or acetic acid fumes. 2. The method according to claim 1, characterized characterized by the use of chloroform, chlorinated ethylene, benzene, toluene, Xylene, vinegar ether or mixtures of these substances as solvents. 3. The method according to claims 1 and 2, characterized in that the Tobacco treated with magnesia water or a lime magnesia mixture and an ammonia atmosphere before leaching is exposed, or that the tobacco material with carbonated, ammoniacal Steam is treated.