DE299064C

DE299064C -

Info

Publication number: DE299064C
Application number: DENDAT299064D
Authority: DE

Description

Die Zusatzerfindung besteht in einer Verbesserung an stehenden Fernrohren, die dem Patent 299063 entsprechen und bei denen die beiden Ausblickachsen mit der Fernrohrachse in einer Ebene liegen. In den gezeichneten Ausführungsbeispielen der Druckschrift des angeführten Patentes ist die Lage. der beidenThe additional invention consists in an improvement in standing telescopes that the Patent 299063 correspond and where the two viewing axes with the telescope axis lie in one plane. In the illustrated embodiments of the document des cited patent is the location. of both

" Ausblickachsen so gewählt, daß die dem Ausblick in der Höhenrichtung entsprechende Ausblickachse mit der Fernrohrachse zusammenfällt und mit der dem Ausblick in der Seitenrichtung entsprechenden Ausblickachse einen rechten Winkel einschließt. Da man, wenn man die Bildfehler nicht zu groß erhalten will, sowohl beim einen als beim andern Ausblick über eine gewisse Größe des Gesichtsfeldes nicht hinausgehen darf, so ist es dabei nicht möglich, einem Gesamtgesichtsfeldwinkel von solcher Größe zu erreichen, daß in ihm der"The outlook axes are chosen so that they correspond to the outlook in the height direction The outlook axis coincides with the telescope axis and with that of the outlook in the lateral direction corresponding view axis encloses a right angle. Because if you don't get the aberrations too big wants, both with one and with the other, to look out over a certain size of the field of vision is not allowed to go out, it is not possible to have a total field of view angle of such greatness that in him the

so ganze rechte Winkel zwischen Horizont und Zenit enthalten ist; zwischen den beiden Einzelgesichtsfeldwinkeln liegt immer ein Winkel, innerhalb dessen eine Beobachtung ausgeschlossen ist.so whole right angles between the horizon and Zenith is included; between the two individual field of view angles there is always an angle within which an observation is excluded is.

Um diesen Mangel zu beseitigen, wird nach der Zusatzerfindung darauf verzichtet, die den Zenit umgebende Kalotte auf einmal zu beobachten, und die Lage der beiden Ausblickachsen so gewählt, daß die dem Ausblick in der Höhen-In order to eliminate this deficiency, the additional invention dispenses with the The zenith surrounding the dome can be observed at once, and the position of the two viewing axes like this chosen that the view in the altitude

|o richtung entsprechende Ausblickachse sowohl mit der Fernrohrachse als auch mit der anderen Ausblickachse einen spitzen Winkel einschließt, wobei beide Ausblickachsen auf der-" selben Seite der Fernrohrachse liegen und die Summe dieser beiden Winkel höchstens 90° beträgt. Dabei ist es möglich, für jede der beiden Ausblickrichtungen den Gesichtsfeldwinkel genügend klein zu wählen, daß die Bildfehler einen gewissen zulässigen Betrag nicht überschreiten, und trotzdem jenen gewünschten Gesamtgesichtsfeldwinkel zu erzielen. Wie groß man jene Winkelsumme wählt, hängt davon ab, ob man auch unter dem Horizont liegende Objekte beobachten will, wie es z. B. in gebirgigem Gelände wünschenswert ist, oder ob, wie auf der See, eine solche Beobachtung nicht erforderlich ist. Soll ein solches Fernrohr dazu verwendet werden, nacheinander in sämtlichen Azimutrichtungen zu beobachten, so besteht kein Bedürfnis, daß das dem Ausblick in der Höhenrichtung entsprechende Gesichtsfeld sich wesentlich über den Zenit hinaus erstreckt, und es empfiehlt sich, die diesem Ausblick entsprechende Ausblickachse etwa um die Hälfte des entsprechenden Gesichtsfeldwinkels gegen die Fernrohrachse zu neigen. Dem Winkel, den die beiden Ausblickachsen miteinander einschließen, gibt man dann etwa einen Wert, der sich aus der Bedingung ergibt, daß die beiden Gesichtsfeldwinkel aneinandergrenzen.| o the corresponding viewing axis with both the telescope axis and the other View axis includes an acute angle, with both view axes on the- " on the same side of the telescope axis and the sum of these two angles at most 90 ° amounts to. It is possible to set the angle of the field of view for each of the two directions of view to choose sufficiently small that the aberrations do not exceed a certain permissible amount, and nevertheless that desired To achieve overall field of view angle. How big you choose that angle sum depends depends on whether you also want to observe objects below the horizon, as z. B. in mountainous terrain is desirable, or whether, as on the sea, such an observation is not required. If such a telescope is to be used to successively examine To observe all azimuths, there is no need for the view The field of view corresponding to the height direction extends well beyond the zenith, and it is recommended that the This view corresponds to the outlook axis by about half of the corresponding field of view angle to incline towards the telescope axis. The angle between the two viewing axes include with each other, one then gives a value that results from the condition shows that the two angles of view adjoin one another.

Das Wechseln der Ausblickrichtung erfolgt durch eine Lagenänderung von Spiegelflächen, die dem Objektivspiegelsystem des Fernrohrs angehören. Wenn diese Lagenänderung sich in möglichst kleinem, Räume vollziehen soll, so ergibt sich eine zweckmäßige Ausführungs-■ form, wenn man einerseits die Lage der bei-The change of the direction of view is done by changing the position of mirror surfaces, which belong to the objective mirror system of the telescope. If this change of position in the smallest possible space, the result is an expedient execution ■ shape, if on the one hand the position of the two

Claims

Chooses the viewing axes so that the angle they enclose is twice as large as the angle that the viewing axis corresponding to the view in the height direction makes with the telescope axis, and if, on the other hand, those mirror surfaces are arranged to be rotatable about an axis that corresponds to this latter viewing axis coincides. In the drawing, the head of a standing telescope designed according to the invention is shown in two exemplary embodiments, namely in Fig. 1 and ia the one example and in Fig. 2 and 2a the other example. All figures are vertical sections that contain the optical axis of the telescope. The telescope in Fig. 1 and 2 is used for the side view and in Fig. La and 2a the upward view. In both exemplary embodiments, the objective system of the telescope contains a converging lens element a, with which a single reflecting prism b1 and a diffusing lens element c1 cooperate in the case of the side view, and in the case of the upward looking view a single reflecting prism b2 and a diffusing lens element c2 cooperate. The lens elements are all fixedly arranged in the housing d of the telescope. In the embodiment embodied by FIGS. 1 and 1, the arrangement is made such that both viewing axes lie in one plane with the telescope axis, enclose an acute angle with the telescope axis and intersect the telescope axis at one and the same point. The prisms are housed in a cylindrical drum e, which is equipped with two light openings e1 serving for the lateral outlook and with two light openings e2 serving for the outlook upwards, and which is rotatably mounted in the housing d so that its axis of rotation contains that intersection point and is perpendicular to that plane. So that the drum can be secured in the position corresponding to the side view and in the position corresponding to the view upward, two detents g1 and g2 are provided on the drum neck, which form a snap-in device with a spring f attached to the housing d. In Fig. 1, the spring engages in the detent g1, the prism b1 and the lens element c1 are switched into the beam path, while in Fig. Ia the spring engages in the detent g2, the prism b2 and the lens element c2 in the Beam path are switched. In the embodiment embodied by FIGS. 2 and 2a, the arrangement is again made such that both viewing axes lie in one plane with the telescope axis and 'intersect the telescope axis at one and the same point 6c; however, only the viewing axis corresponding to the upward view forms an acute angle with the telescope axis, namely an angle of 30 °. The viewing axis corresponding to the lateral view forms an angle of 90 ° with the telescope axis, so that the two viewing axes are inclined by 60 ° to one another. The prisms b1 and b2 are housed in a common mount h. In order to be able to change the viewing direction, this socket is rotatably mounted in the housing d so that it can be rotated about the viewing axis corresponding to the upward view, whereby a drive knob i is provided, the rotation of which is transmitted to the socket by means of a bevel gear pair k. So that the socket can be secured in the position facing upwards and from the side, two notches I are provided on a pin h1 screwed to the socket, which form a snap-in device with a spring m attached to the housing d. In Fig. 2, the spring engages in the catch that corresponds to the position of the prism system corresponding to the lateral outlook, while in Fig. 2a it engages in the catch that corresponds to the position of the prism system corresponding to the upward outlook. ■ Patent claims:;. . "■,.,

1. Standing telescope according to patent 299063, in which the two viewing axes with the telescope axis lie in one plane, characterized in that the outlook in the height direction corresponding viewing axis with both the telescope axis as well as includes an acute angle with the other viewing axis, where 10c both outlook axes are on the same side of the telescope axis and the sum these two angles are at most 90 °. .

2. Standing telescope according to claim i, characterized in that the position of the loj both viewing axes is chosen so that the acute angle enclosed by them is twice as large as that other acute angle, and that that part of the lens mirror system of the telescope, the position of which must be changed in order to change the direction of view an axis is rotatably arranged to coincide with that of the view in the height direction corresponding outlook axes' zu- iij collapses.

1 sheet of drawings.