DE29810044U1 - Laminated glass with low-shrink plastic coating - Google Patents

Description

Description

The present invention relates to a burglar-resistant and/or bullet-resistant and/or sound-absorbing and/or explosion-proof and/or UV-protective laminated glass pane with the features specified in the preamble of claim 1.

A bulletproof laminated glass pane is known from the state of the art, which, when viewed from the side, has a large polycarbonate core between two outer panes of glass. A polyurethane film is provided between the large polycarbonate core and the adjacent inner side of the glass. 15

Such armored laminated glass panes have numerous disadvantages:

Firstly, when you look through them ^, you create particularly intense ^, pronounced/disturbing interference patterns in the style of Newton's rings. The reason for this is that there are six light-refracting transition surfaces, each with a different refractive index ^. Color shifts, distortions ^, a loss of brilliance and even double images can occur there.

On the other hand, the expansion coefficients of the glass panes and the polycarbonate core in between differ considerably from one another.

In particular, during cooling after pressing the glass-foil-polycarbonate sandwich at 140 ^° C, enormous thermally induced stresses occur in the composite, which often lead to detachment phenomena in which the polycarbonate core with the adhering foil detaches from the glass surface.

These detachment phenomena have a very detrimental effect on the mechanical and optical properties of the laminated glass pane.

The fact that the production of the armored laminated glass pane according to the state of the art has to take place at high temperatures in the range of 14O ⁰ C is therefore a major disadvantage.

The known armored laminated glass panes are also disadvantageous because, due to the rigidity of the large-area polycarbonate core, only straight panes can be produced, not curved or arched panes. Their use in automobile construction, for example, is therefore out of the question.

A particular disadvantage in the case of the well-known armored laminated glass panes is that the glass panes used there must not be ornamental glass panes with an uneven surface. Because of the unevenness of the glass surface, the polyurethane bonding film cannot adhere tightly to the entire surface.

these are applied. The mechanical load as well as the optical properties are thereby considerably reduced. ^" - ~ —..y~7 _r -?^~'~\ '·"- ^J _ ·," ~. .. ="··&Tgr;""' ~.r

A further disadvantage of this state-of-the-art armored laminated glass pane is that the polyurethane film used can only be produced with a very high degree of quality variation and that it yellows very quickly.

The object of the present invention is therefore to provide a burglar-resistant and/or bullet-resistant and/or sound-absorbing and/or explosion-proof and/or UV-protective laminated glass pane which hardly has the problem of interference pattern formation, which

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which largely avoids colour shifts, distortions and double images, which does not yellow, which does not show any signs of detachment even with frequent and significant temperature changes, especially during the manufacturing process, which can be manufactured at room temperature, which can be designed to be straight, curved or arched and which can have ornamental glass panes with uneven surfaces without affecting the mechanical or optical properties.

According to the invention, this object is achieved in a generic laminated glass pane by the features specified in the characterizing part of claim 1. Particularly preferred embodiments are the subject of the subclaims.

Embodiments of the invention are described in more detail with reference to the drawings.

20- · ■ .

Figure 1 shows a schematic, vertical cross-section of a laminated glass pane according to the invention with a central

-~ tr al en Gl/as write _£ -which on both sides with a ~Kun:s~it~V~ - &Ggr;

material for writing;" ' - -."--v. -~ -.-"-.25

Figure 2 shows a schematic, vertical cross-section of a laminated glass pane according to the invention with two outer glass panes and a thick-walled plastic layer in between;

"Figure 3 shows a schematic, vertical cross-section -of a^laminated glass pane according to the invention^with three -gap-width spaced glass panes from each other, with plastic layers provided in the two spaces between them;

Figure 4, a schematic vertical cross-section
a laminated glass pane according to the invention with two
gap-width-spaced glass panes, wherein in the space between the glass panes a first
plastic layer and a second plastic layer is attached to the outside of a glass pane.

As can be clearly seen from Figure 1, the laminated glass pane according to the invention comprises at least one glass pane (1) which is coated on at least one side with a plastic layer (2).

It is particularly advantageous if the side of the laminated glass pane according to the invention facing the person to be protected
to be provided with a plastic coating (2).

If the glass pane breaks, the outer plastic layer (2) catches all the splinters.

A particularly characteristic functional feature of the plastic layer (2) is that, despite

0 significant temperature changes essentially no
exhibits shrinkage.

At varying temperatures the contraction of the plastic layer in relation to the length or volume is in the range from 0.01 to 4.0%, preferably in the range from 0.02 to 3.0%, in particular in the range from 0.03 to 2.5%.

This shrinkage resistance of the plastic layer (2) makes
particularly during the possibly exothermic curing phase of the casting resin (2) during manufacture

longitudinal process positively"noticeable?- Relative movements leading to detachment phenomena between the cooling
■~- Casting resin " (2) and the respective glass pane (1) are largely eliminated.

Of course, it is possible to use a casting resin to produce the plastic layer (2), which is applied to the glass layer (1) at room temperature or introduced into the space between two panes of glass (1) and hardens without an exothermic reaction while maintaining the ambient temperature. Its hardening can, for example, take place through a chemical reaction of the components contained, which is optionally started by irradiation with light or by adding a catalyst.

An additional, essential functional feature of the plastic layer (2) is a Shore hardness greater than 60°.

The particular advantage of a Shore hardness of more than 60° lies in its pronounced scratch resistance, which allows the plastic layer (2) to be used as an external layer.

The very high light transmittance (transparency) of the plastic layer (2) represents a further essential functional feature and amounts to at least 90% ^{with a} layer thickness of 10 μm, the light transmittance ^is in the range from 92 to 99%, in particular in the range from 94 to 99%.

The pronounced light fastness represents another essential functional feature of the at least one plastic layer (2).

The lightfastness and thus the resistance to changes in color and/or transparency due to direct exposure to daylight is guaranteed over a period of at least 1.0 year.

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The lightfastness tests are usually carried out with high-pressure xenon lamps with an output of 6000 W. One year of daylight corresponds to an irradiation time of around 320 hours. The lightfastness of the plastic layer (2) is thus ensured even when irradiated with a high-pressure xenon lamp with an output of 6000 W for more than 3200 hours.

Figure 2 shows a further embodiment of the laminated glass pane according to the invention with two outer glass panes and a thick-walled plastic layer (2) arranged between them.

The thickness of the plastic layer (2) is generally in the range from 2 mm to 120 mm, preferably in the range from 2 mm to 100 mm, in particular in the range from 2 mm to 80 mm.

If the laminated glass pane according to the invention comprises only 0 a glass pane (1) and a plastic layer (2) applied thereon, it has only three light-refracting transition surfaces with different

- .; "Light refraction indices" The armored laminated glass pane with a belycarbonate core known from the state of the art has, however, six light-refracting transition surfaces due to the presence of polyurethane films on both sides. The interference pattern phenomena are dramatically reduced in the case of such an inventive laminated glass pane compared to the armored laminated glass pane known from the state of the art. The same applies to the tendency towards color shifts, distortions, loss of brilliance and the formation of double ^images .

In the case of a laminated glass pane according to the invention as shown in Figure 2 with two outer glass panes and a plastic layer (2) arranged between them, the light passing through only hits four light-refracting transition surfaces with different refractive indices. With regard to the formation of disturbing interference patterns, a laminated glass pane according to the invention designed in this way is also clearly superior to the armored laminated glass pane known from the prior art.

The plastic layer (2) can, for example, comprise a mixture of at least one polyol and at least one isocyanate. Alternatively or additionally, it can contain an epoxy resin and/or a polyester resin.

In particularly preferred embodiments, the plastic layer also comprises at least one adhesion promoter.
By integrating an adhesion promoter into the plastic layer (2), it is possible to dispense with the polyurethane connecting film known from the prior art. In this way, the light that is transmitted through

In principle _, any adhesion promoter known from the state of the art can be used. Preferably, however, the adhesion promoter is selected from the group of siloxanes, polysiloxanes, silanes or epoxysilanes .

0 The plastic layer (2) essentially comprises, for example, a component selected from the group consisting of unsaturated or saturated polyester/silicone, polyethylene, polymethyl methacrylate, polyvinyl acetate, epoxy resin and cross-linked polyurethanes. 35

An embodiment of the laminated glass pane according to the invention that is particularly preferred from a mechanical point of view comprises at least two glass panes (1) that are at least somewhat spaced apart from one another. A plastic layer (2) is provided in the space between the at least two glass panes (1). At least one outer layer is formed by a plastic layer (2) (see Figure 4).

Figure 3 shows a laminated glass pane according to the invention, which comprises at least three glass panes (1) that are at least slightly spaced apart from one another, with two plastic layers (2) being provided in the two spaces between the three glass panes.

The laminated glass panes according to the invention according to claims 1 to 8 can be used in particular as burglar-resistant and/or bullet-resistant and/or sound-absorbing and/or UV-protection panes

0. ■ .

In summary, it can be stated that the armored laminated glass panes according to the invention, due to their smaller number of refractive transition surfaces or the use of the plastic layer (2) designed according to the invention, show significantly fewer interference pattern phenomena, color shifts, distortions or double images than the armored laminated glass pane with a polycarbonate core and polyurethane film known from the prior art. - - - - - -- - ■ ■-

Yellowing of the laminated glass pane according to the invention is --_ excluded due to the absence of a polyurethane film which is easily susceptible to yellowing.

Thanks to the very low shrinkage of the plastic layer (2), the detachment phenomena of the plastic layer (2) from the inside of the glass (1), which are feared in the prior art, are reliably avoided, especially during the curing phase of the casting resin (2), which may be at least somewhat exothermic, during the manufacturing process. Thermally induced stresses essentially do not occur in the composite of the pane according to the invention. The fact that the laminated glass pane according to the invention can be manufactured at room temperature also contributes to the fact that thermally induced stresses in the pane composite are essentially excluded.

Since the plastic layer (2) can be applied or introduced in the form of a cast resin, it is possible for the first time to produce curved laminated glass panes with the mechanical and optical properties mentioned above. The laminated glass pane according to the invention is therefore particularly suitable for use in automobile construction. ' - . ■

Especially since the plastic layer (2) applied or incorporated in the form of a cast resin initially adapts smoothly to the uneven surfaces of the glass pane, it is possible for the first time in the case of the laminated glass pane according to the invention to use ornamental glass panes with uneven surfaces to produce armored laminated glass panes.

Claims (7)

Protection claims 1. Laminated glass pane, characterized in that it comprises at least one glass pane (1) which is coated on at least one side with a plastic layer (2) which, at varying temperatures, exhibits a contraction in terms of length and/or volume in the range of 0.01 to 4.0%, which has a Shore hardness of > 60°, which has a light transmittance of at least 90% with a layer thickness of 10 mm and whose lightfastness is maintained even when irradiated with a high-pressure xenon lamp with 6000 watts of power for more than 3200 hours. 15 2. Laminated glass pane according to claim (1), characterized in that the thickness of the plastic layer (2) is in the range from 2 mm to 120 mm. 20. 3. Laminated glass pane according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the plastic layer (2) comprises at least one mixture of ^at least one polyol and/or^ an isocyanate and/or^ an epoxy resin and/or a polyester resin and at least one adhesion promoter. 4. Laminated glass pane according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the adhesion promoter is selected from the group consisting of siloxanes, polysiloxanes, silanes and epoxysilanes. 5. Laminated glass pane according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the plastic layer (2) comprises at least one component, which is selected from the group of unsaturated or saturated polyester, silicone, polyethylene, polymethyl methacrylate, polyvinyl acetate, epoxy resin and crosslinked polyurethanes." 6. Laminated glass pane according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it comprises at least two glass panes (1) spaced apart from one another by a gap width, with at least one plastic layer (2) being provided in a sandwich-like manner in the at least one gap-shaped intermediate space. 7. Laminated glass pane according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it comprises at least two glass panes (1) which are at least somewhat spaced apart from one another, wherein a plastic layer (2) is provided in the space between the at least two glass panes (1) and at least one outer layer is a plastic layer (2). - 20 '8. Laminated glass pane according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it comprises at least three glass panes (1) which are at least somewhat spaced apart from one another; two plastic layers ( 2-1 ) being provided in the two intermediate spaces between the three glass panes (1).