DE29801765U1 - Low voltage cable holder - Google Patents

Description

Formzeug GmbH & Co KG

In Berg 35-45 ,

41844 Wegberg

Utility model application
98604 GM

..Low voltage cable holder"
Description:

The invention relates to a low-voltage three-phase cable holder consisting of screw-together clamping yokes with an upper yoke and a lower yoke for clamping insulated electrical cables, whereby the upper yoke and/or lower yoke have at least one recess for cable reception in their clamping surfaces facing each other and (especially when empty) are to be placed against each other on both sides of the recess with abutting surfaces that together form a yoke connection surface. Instead of cable holder, it can also be called "cable clamp".

Within the scope of the invention, the terms "lower yoke" and "upper yoke" and the features described in this context are interchangeable; the holder can be turned upside down, so to speak, i.e. the features specified for the upper yoke can also apply to the lower yoke, and the features specified for the lower yoke can also apply to the upper yoke. These yoke parts can be placed abutting, i.e. with their abutting surfaces against each other, at least when empty, i.e. without cables. For the following description, it is defined that the abutting surfaces together span the surface along which the two yoke parts are connected to each other; this surface is therefore also referred to as the yoke connection surface. The respective cable is (when properly assembled) not between two abutting surfaces, but between two clamping surfaces.

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The clamping surfaces may include a recess on the side between two abutting surfaces.

Cable holders of the aforementioned type made of wood or plastic, in the latter case in particular made of injection molding, preferably glass fiber reinforced polyamide-6, are known in practice. Such devices, which can accommodate a single cable in each recess, are attached to the wall, ceiling, etc. of rooms using stud bolts, Halfen or hammer head screws. According to DE 42 07 666 C2, four cables can be secured in four adjacent recesses of the lower yoke and upper yoke of a two-part clamping yoke. In the known art, it is alternatively also possible to assemble two or more of the two-part clamping yokes in such a way that the yokes can be screwed together to form a block. Such a block can clamp four cables, completely separated from one another by yoke parts, in a square arrangement in cross-section (seen perpendicular to the cable cores).

The term "low voltage" in the context of the invention refers to effective voltages of up to about 1,000 volts (V), in particular 380 V and 500 V in the three-phase network. The holders are intended for low-frequency systems, e.g. electrical substations, local network stations, main and sub-distribution boards, etc.; here the low-voltage side of the transformer and the low-voltage distribution are usually connected by insulated electrical power cables. As a rule, these connections are made with single-conductor cables (cables with a single conductor), for example when transformer outputs above 250 to 400 KVA are involved. In the three-phase system, there are four cables, namely one for each of the three phases R, S, T, which are each offset by 120° against each other, and one for the neutral conductor. Since each of the phase conductors in the three-phase system is traversed by current, an electromagnetic field builds up around the conductors. At a point at a distance from the conductors, the magnetic field is at the Flux density of the total field of the conductors depends on the level of the current on the one hand and on the distance between the individual conductors on the other. In the case of unbalanced loads the current also flows through the neutral conductor, which then also contributes to the electromagnetic field.

98604 GM3 ...··..····

In order to prevent negative biological effects of such electromagnetic fields on the environment or on nearby electronic devices, it is mandatory in Germany to ensure that the effective value of the magnetic flux density at the respective point of impact with the strongest exposure does not permanently exceed 100 micro-Tesla.

In known cable holders, the individual conductors are attached to the wall or ceiling using individual cable clamps in a building, e.g. in a transformer station. In the cable clamps or holders, even if the aim is to have a bundle of cables that is as close together as possible according to DE 29614016 U1, a special recess is provided for each individual cable, so that if the known holder is used for three-phase cables, the protective regulations concerning a reduction in the effective value of the magnetic flux density at the respective point of influence do not have to be met.

The invention is based on the knowledge that the electromagnetic field strength in the three-phase system decreases the closer the individual current-carrying wires of the system are to each other. Accordingly, the invention is based on the object of creating a low-voltage three-phase cable holder that makes it possible to superimpose the electromagnetic fields of the individual conductors in such a way that they add up to a sum of "zero" in the external space to be protected.

The solution according to the invention is specified in the characterizing part of claim 1. For the low-voltage cable holder mentioned at the beginning, it consists in particular in that a recess is provided in the upper yoke and/or lower yoke for the joint, i.e. bundled, accommodation of four insulated cables, namely the three phases of the three-phase conductors R, S, T and the neutral conductor (centre conductor), in a tight package, with the insulation directly adjacent to one another.

Because the four cables are clamped directly next to one another in a recess, the invention brings the electromagnetic field of all three-phase conductors clamped in the cable holder in the external space to be protected to zero or below the highest permissible value.

Q8604 GM 4 ···· · · ·* " ·*· 2 5

It is important that all current-carrying conductors, including the neutral conductor, which may be current-carrying, are combined in a single, closely spaced package. In practice, it must be ensured that the heat generated by the current-carrying conductor must not have a damaging effect on the insulation. However, this point can be taken into account in a known manner by selecting the conductor cross-sections. Some improvements and further developments of the invention are specified in the subclaims.

The subject of the invention are cable clamps or cable holders that make it possible to clamp the three three-phase phase conductors and the neutral conductor bundled close together in a common recess of a fastening clamp so that the effect of the field surrounding the conductor package as a whole is minimized in accordance with the regulation. This fastening clamp can be designed according to a further invention according to several inventive principles:

a) The inventive close-to-close bundling of four conductors in a common recess is carried out in the simplest way if the upper yoke and lower yoke have a square recess with rounded corners. In a recess formed in this way, the four conductors (R, S, T and zero) can be accommodated in a close pack - adjacent to the four rounded corners of the square recess. The simplicity of this design, however, requires that a recess adapted to the receiving cross-section must be provided for each cable diameter and that a suitable cable holder must be kept ready.

b) A relatively dense, bundled packing of the four cables mentioned can also be achieved according to the invention if the upper yoke and lower yoke have recesses that accommodate the four cables in an overall rhombus-like arrangement. In this case, the recess - viewed perpendicular to the core of the clamped cables - should also have a rhombus-like cross-section with a rhombus corner extending into the lower yoke and one into the upper yoke. Here-

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A mutual arrangement of the clamped cables is possible in which the greatest distance between the rhombus corners of the recess extending into the upper yoke and the lower yoke is approximately equal to two cable diameters. The two rhombus corners in the recesses at the top and bottom can again be rounded to match the cable circumference. It is also advantageous for perfect clamping that does not damage the insulation if the two corners of the recess lying in a plane parallel to the connecting surface of the upper yoke and lower yoke in the area of the lower yoke (or in the area of the upper yoke) are rounded to match the cable circumference. With this design too, separate yokes or yokes with suitable recesses must be provided for each cable diameter in order to achieve proper cable support.

c) Since - generally - there are completely different external diameters for one and the same cable cross-section simply due to the type of cable insulation, e.g. from 24 to 30 mm for a cable of 185 mm ² , 5 to 6 different cable holders of the aforementioned type must be manufactured and kept ready for the same cross-section. The invention therefore also creates a cable holder that allows groups of four cables (with the same cable diameter within a group) with different diameters from group to group - always bundled close together - to be accommodated with one and the same pair of yokes.

For this purpose, a first design provides that the lower yoke has a two-stage recess with receiving shapes for inserting cables of the largest diameter of a cable group that is possible according to the respective concept. This receiving shape should consist of a central groove for a cable and two curves (beds) on either side above it for inserting a pair of cables. The fourth cable should be clamped between the pair of cables and the upper yoke. In the case of use with cables with diameters below the largest diameter mentioned, a compensating piece, the size of which increases as the cable diameter decreases, is used.

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below or above, in particular directly above, the cable lying in the channel. With this design, one and the same cable holder can obviously accommodate different groups of four cables of the same diameter if suitably shaped compensation pieces are provided and kept in stock for each cable diameter.

d) If the yokes or the compensation pieces are mass-produced, the cost of the individual piece is low, but a mold must be made for each individual piece. These mold costs are considerable and must be allocated to the individually molded part. There is therefore considerable interest in creating a cable holder that makes it possible to accommodate groups of four cables (which are the same within the group) that belong to different diameter ranges. One and the same cable holder should therefore be able to clamp different groups of four cables (which are the same to one another) properly with one and the same pair of yokes, in as dense a packing as possible, i.e. with the insulation directly next to one another, in such a way that the requirement to minimize the external field is always met.

A particularly preferred embodiment within the scope of the present invention, which makes it possible to properly clamp groups of four identical cables from different diameter ranges with one and the same pair of yokes while minimizing the overall external field, consists in the recess - seen perpendicular to the core of the clamped cable - having a rhombic, preferably square, cross-section, one diagonal surface of which is approximately parallel to the connecting surface of the upper yoke and lower yoke, with the upper yoke having a projection with a triangular cross-section on both sides adjacent to its recess, which projects over the adjacent abutting surfaces in the direction of the lower yoke recess. In itself, such a projection should have the shape of a column (which is part of the yoke) with a triangular cross-section.

The essential feature of this design is that one yoke part has projections, which, when the yoke parts are placed together, slide into the recess of the other

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yoke part. In this sense, it is intended that the projections of the upper yoke engage in the recess of the lower yoke during assembly (at least in the empty state) in the sense of a shortening of the diagonal span (measured across the clamped cables) starting from the two long edges of the recess.

This design ensures that the cross-section available to the group of four closely bundled cables in the cable holder is shortened when the two yokes are clamped together, not only in the main clamping direction acting perpendicular to the abutting surfaces, but also in the direction of the plane of the connecting surface transverse to the main clamping direction. In other words, this means that the cross-section available to the cable group can be adjusted to the diameter of the respective bundled cable group by adjusting the distance between the lower yoke and upper yoke in two (essentially mutually perpendicular) directions at the same time, so that the cables are always gripped equally well. Here too, the corners of the recess, in particular the corners pointing into the upper yoke and lower yoke, can be rounded to approximately match the peripheral shape of the cables to be clamped.

In the latter embodiment of the invention, both a rhombic and a square receiving cross-section can be provided. If an at least approximately square cross-section is selected, the respective projection receives an approximately right-angled equilateral triangular cross-section. One triangular leg forms an extension of a side of the square receiving cross-section formed by the upper yoke, and the other triangular leg lies parallel to the adjacent opposite side of the square receiving cross-section (in the lower yoke). The width of the base of the projection measured in the plane of the connecting surface should be approximately equal to the distance measured in the plane of the connecting surface between the adjacent outer edge of the recess for a clamped cable package of the smallest diameter designed in each case.

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• · · &lgr; m ·

sion of the lower yoke and the intersection line of the said plane with the circumferential surface of the adjacent clamped cable.

e) With the above-mentioned arrangement or design of the upper yoke or lower yoke, a large range of diameters of cables can be clamped properly, bundled close together, in the manner described. The range of diameters to be covered in this way can be expanded even further if the upper yoke and the lower yoke consist of slats that can be inserted into one another, with the slats of the upper yoke as a whole spanning the upper yoke recess and the slats of the lower yoke as a whole spanning the lower yoke recess. Among other things, because of simplified production and storage, it is preferred if the upper and lower yoke (including the slats) are manufactured with one and the same shape and the yokes have a completely identical shape. For the same reasons, an identity of upper and lower yoke is also preferred in the other embodiments according to the invention if such equality is technically possible.

When the two yokes are pulled apart or pushed together, the cross-section available to accommodate a four-cable package (cross-section seen perpendicular to the core of the clamped cables) changes in two dimensions at the same time, i.e. a square cross-section is also square for every span (distance between the two yoke parts) permitted by the design of the cable holder; for a rhombic cross-section, the same principle applies here too.

98604 GM

Details of the invention are explained using the schematic representation of exemplary embodiments. They show:

Fig. 1a, b cross-sections of a low-voltage three-phase cable holder for a four-cable group (three phases and neutral conductor) with a square recess of predetermined size;

Fig. 2 a cable holder cross-section with a rhombus-like

Cross-section for four bundled cables with a given diameter;

Fig. 3a - e a cable holder for a group of four cables, the cross-section of which can be adapted to various cable diameters by means of compensating pieces of the appropriate size;

Fig. 4a, b a cable holder for a group of four cables with the same cross-section, the receiving cross-section of which can be changed in two dimensions; and

Fig. 5a - f a cable holder as in Fig. 4, but whose upper yoke and lower yoke consist of slats that can be inserted into one another.

In Fig. 1a, a cable holder is shown, designated overall by 1, which essentially consists of an upper yoke 2 and a lower yoke 3. The upper yoke 2 and the lower yoke 3 each have a recess 6, 7 in their clamping surfaces 4, 5 facing each other for receiving a bundle of four cables. When the cable holder 1 is empty, the abutting surfaces 8, 9 provided on both sides of the respective recess 6, 7 can be placed firmly against each other. In the exemplary embodiment, screws, rivets or other connecting means are provided to be pulled through holes 10, 11 to connect the upper yoke 2 and the lower yoke 3. The abutting surfaces 8, 9 span a connecting surface 12 of the two yoke parts 2, 3 that runs essentially parallel to themselves and is indicated in Fig. 1 as a dot-dash line.

The receiving cross-section 13 of the cable holder 1 according to Fig. 1a, defined by the recesses 6, 7, has essentially a square cross-section, the corners 14 of which in both the upper yoke 2 and the lower yoke 3 form one of the circumferential

98604 GM10

shape of the cables to be inserted. As shown in Fig. 1a, exactly four cables of a given diameter D can be bundled closely together in this receiving cross-section 13.

If cables of a different diameter (larger or smaller than D) are to be properly secured with the holder according to Fig. 1a with the desired tight packing, recesses 6, 7 with a square receiving cross-section 13 adapted to the cable diameter are required. It is clear that the side length of the receiving cross-section 13 in the embodiment according to Fig. 1a must be approximately equal to twice the cable diameter D.

Fig. 1b shows a variation of the embodiment according to Fig. 1a, in which the cable holder 1 has two recesses 7 in its lower yoke 3, such that two groups of four cables 15 can be clamped in the manner desired according to the invention using the cable holder according to Fig. 1b. Other embodiments of the invention can also be designed as such double or multiple cable holders.

The reference numerals used in Fig. 1a, b are also used, where applicable, in the figures discussed below.

Fig. 2 shows an embodiment of the cable holder 1 according to the invention, in which the recesses 6, 7 of the upper yoke 2 and lower yoke 3 together form a substantially rhombus-like receiving cross-section 21. The rhombus corners 22, 23 and 24 of the receiving cross-section 21 should all be rounded to match the circumferential shape of the cable 15 to be inserted. The rhombus height H (maximum distance between the upper and lower rhombus corners 22, 24) in the illustration according to Fig. 2 is equal to two diameters D of a cable 15. The rhombus width B (between the corners 23) is also determined by the geometry or the cable diameter D. In this embodiment, which enables a very dense cable packing, a separate pair of upper yoke 2 and lower yoke 3 must be manufactured or kept ready for each cable diameter.

With reference to Fig. 3a - e, a cable holder is described, the upper yoke 2 and lower yoke 3 of which are designed in such a way that cable bundles consisting of essentially identical cables of different diameter groups can be clamped in a tight package and properly secured, if necessary using a compensating piece 31 to 33 adapted to the diameter.

According to Fig. 3a - c, the receiving cross-section 30 and especially the lower yoke 3 have a two-stage recess 7 with receiving shapes for inserting cables 15 of the largest diameter D possible according to the respective concept. This recess 7 consists of a central groove 35 for a cable 15 and two curves 36 on both sides above it for inserting a cable pair P, while the fourth cable 15 is to be clamped between the cable pair P and the upper yoke 2.

If used with cables 15 with diameters below the specified size diameter D of Fig. 3a, a compensating piece 31 to 33, the size of which increases with decreasing cable diameter, is provided under or above the cable lying in the channel 35. The compensating piece 31 is placed at the bottom of the channel 35 during assembly according to Fig. 3b, it has a bed 34 of a suitable shape to accommodate a cable 15 of the respective diameter. The size and shape of the compensating piece 31 - 33 or of the bed 34 provided therein are selected depending on the diameter of the cable 15 to be inserted. To stabilize the position of the four cables, the compensation piece 31 - 33 according to Fig. 3b to d has at least one bed 34 designed like a groove adapted to the circumferential shape of the respective cable 15. In Fig. 3b, rounded support surfaces 38 for the pair P of cables to be arranged above the lowest cable 15 can also be provided at the tips of the "horns" or walls 37 projecting upwards on both sides of the bed 34.

The embodiment according to Fig. 3c differs from that according to Fig. 3b primarily in that the compensating piece 32 (or 33, see Fig. 3d) is not positioned below the lowest cable (inside the channel 35), but between the lowest cable 15 and the cable pair P. This embodiment also

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As the comparison of Fig. 3c and 3d shows, the compensating piece 32, 33 can have different sizes depending on the diameter of the cable 15 to be fixed.

As Fig. 3e shows, the position of the three cables (Fig. 3c) possibly located above a compensating piece 32, 33 can be stabilized if lugs 39 are provided on the edges 32a of the compensating piece 32 lying parallel to the side walls 35a of the channel 35, which lugs are snapped into corresponding grooves (Fig. 3e) 39a of the walls 35a.

A preferred embodiment of the cable holder according to the invention is shown in Fig. 4a and b, which allows four-cable bundles of different diameters (the same within the bundle) to be accommodated in the desired tight packing and with the required stability without modification and without compensating pieces. In the embodiment, the recesses 6, 7 of the upper yoke 2 and lower yoke 3 form an essentially square (standing on a point) receiving cross-section 41. As in the above embodiments, this is defined by the surfaces of the recesses 6, 7 facing each other. A diagonal 46 of the cross-section 41 runs essentially parallel to the connecting surface 12.

A special feature of Fig. 4a, b is that the upper yoke 2 has a triangular projection 42 on both sides adjacent to its recess 6 in cross section (drawing plane), which projects over the abutting surfaces 8 adjacent to an edge in the direction of the lower yoke recess 7 and, when assembled (especially when empty), engages in the recess 7 of the lower part in the sense of a shortening of the diagonal span S (measured transversely to the clamped cables 15) starting from the two longitudinal edges 43.

In the preferred embodiment with a square receiving cross-section 41 according to Fig. 4a and b, the respective projection 42 has a right-angled equilateral triangular cross-section. One triangular leg 44 is a straight extension of a side of the square receiving cross-section formed by the upper yoke 2.

98604 GM13

section 41, and the other triangular leg 45 lies parallel to the opposite side of the square receiving cross-section 41 in the lower yoke 7.

As the comparison of Fig. 4a and b shows, the shape of the recess 6 and the projections 42 of the upper yoke 2 ensures that a square receiving cross-section 41 always remains square in a wide range of the distance A of the abutting surfaces 8, 9 and can always accommodate a four-cable bundle K in the desired tight packing.

A further embodiment according to the invention with two exemplary embodiments is explained with reference to Fig. 5a to c and Fig. 5d to f. Fig. 5a and c show holders with clamped (four) cables (section perpendicular to the cable core), Fig. 5b and e show the shapes of the opposing upper and lower yokes 2 and 3, Fig. 5c and f show sections of Fig. 5b and e along the indicated lines A-B, C-D.

Fig. 5a to f have the upper yoke 2 and the lower yoke 3 with slats 52 and 53 that can be inserted into one another. In the case of Fig. a to c, the slats 52, 53 (as shown) are different, i.e. the upper yoke slats 52 and the lower yoke slats 53 are essentially the same and together span the upper yoke recess 6 and the lower yoke recess 7. The upper yoke slats 52, however, have a different shape than the lower yoke slats 53.

In Fig. 5a - f, however, the slats 52 and 53 of the upper and lower yokes 2, 3 are practically identical. An advantage of this alternative is that no different molds have to be produced (and kept ready) for the upper and lower yokes. The cable holder according to Fig. 5d - f can be produced so completely using a single mold that all tasks can be fulfilled.

It is clear that in the embodiment according to Fig. 5 d - f, for a relatively large variation of distances A of the abutting surfaces 8, 9, a square (or rhombic) receiving cross-section 51 always remains square or rhombic and, depending on the size of the distance A of the abutting surfaces 8, 9, cable

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bundles of four cables 15 of the same diameter from very different diameter ranges in the desired tight packing and stability without requiring any additional or insert part.

98604 GM 15 List of reference symbols Cable holder 1 Oberjoch 2 Subjugation 3 Clamping surface (2) 4 Clamping surface (3) 5 Recess (2) 6 Recess (3) 7 Impact surface (2) 8th Impact surface (3) 9 Bore (2) 10 Drilling () 11 Connection surface 12 Recording cross-section (Fig. 1) 13 rounded corner 14 Cable 15 Recording cross-section (Fig. 2) 21 Rhombus corners 22-24 Recording cross-section (Fig. 3) 30 Compensating pieces 31-33 Bed 34 gutter 35 Rounding 36 Wall 37 Support surface 38 Nose 39 Recording cross-section (Fig. 4) 41 head Start 42 Longitudinal edge 43

98604 GM 16 Triangular legs 44, 45 diagonal 46 Recording cross-section (Fig. 5) 51 Slats (2) 52 Slats (3) 53 Cable bundle K diameter D Rhombus height H Rhombus width B Cable pair P span S Distance A

Claims (17)

98604 GM 17 -Patent claims: 1. Low-voltage three-phase cable holder (1) consisting of clamping yokes with an upper yoke (2) and a lower yoke (3) for clamping insulated electric cables (15), whereby the upper yoke (2) and/or lower yoke (3) have at least one recess (6, 7) for cable reception in their clamping surfaces (4, 5) facing each other and (especially when empty) are to be placed against each other on both sides of the recess (6, 7) with abutting surfaces (8, 9), which together span a yoke connection surface (12), characterized, that a recess (6, 7) is provided in the upper yoke (2) and/or lower yoke (3), which together form a receiving cross-section (13, 21, 30, 41, 51) for the bundled clamping of four cables (15), namely the three phases of the three-phase conductors R, S, T and the neutral conductor, in a dense packing, with the insulation directly adjacent to one another. 2. Low-voltage three-phase cable holder according to claim 1,
characterized, that a receiving cross-section (13, 21, 30, 41, 51) extending partly into the lower yoke (3) and partly into the upper yoke (2) is provided with a single recess for a three-phase cable bundle. 3. Low-voltage three-phase cable holder according to claim 3,
characterized, that the receiving cross-section (13, 21, 30, 41, 51) has at least one rounded corner (14) adapted to the cable circumference shape. 4. Low-voltage three-phase cable holder according to at least one of claims 1 to 3, characterized, 98604 GM18 that the receiving cross-section (13, 21, 41, 51) has an overall - seen perpendicular to the core of the clamped cable (15) - approximately rhombic to square shape. 5. Low-voltage three-phase cable holder according to at least one of claims 1 to 4, characterized, that a diagonal of a receiving cross-section (21) with - seen perpendicular to the core of the clamped cable (15) - rhombus-like to square shape lies parallel to the yoke connection surface (12) (Fig. 2). 6. Low-voltage three-phase cable holder according to claim 5,
characterized, that the greatest distance between the corners (22, 24) of the receiving cross-section (21) extending into the upper yoke (2) and the lower yoke (3) is approximately equal to two cable diameters (D). 7. Low-voltage three-phase cable holder according to claim 5 or 6,
characterized, that the corners (23) of the receiving cross-section (21) lying in a plane parallel to the connecting surface (12) of the upper yoke (2) and lower yoke (3) in the area of the lower yoke (3) or in the area of the upper yoke (2) are rounded to match the cable circumference shape. 8. Low-voltage three-phase cable holder according to at least one of claims 1 to 4, characterized, that two sides of a square receiving cross-section (13) lie parallel to the connecting surface (12) of the upper and lower yokes (2, 3) (Fig. 1a, b). 9. Low-voltage three-phase cable holder according to at least one of claims 1 to 3, characterized, 98604 GM 19 : &iacgr;. *: ·: i .·*·**·::*': that the lower yoke (3) has a two-stage recess with receiving shapes for inserting cables (15) of the largest diameter (D) possible according to the respective concept, that this receiving shape consists of a central groove (35) for a cable (15) and two curves (36) on both sides above it for inserting a pair of cables (P), that the fourth cable is to be clamped between the pair of cables (P) and the upper yoke (2) and that for the case of use with cables (15) with diameters below the said largest diameter (D), a compensating piece (31 - 33), the size of which increases with decreasing cable diameter, is provided below or above the cable (15) lying in the groove (35) (Fig. 3a to e). 10. Low-voltage three-phase cable holder according to claim 9,
characterized, that a compensating piece (32, 33) is to be arranged between the cable (15) lying in the groove (35) and the cable pair (P). 11. Low-voltage three-phase cable holder according to claim 9 or 10,
characterized, that a compensating piece (32, 33) to be positioned above the cable (15) lying in the channel (35) has at least one nose (39) for engaging in a groove in a wall of the channel (35) that is approximately perpendicular to the connecting surface (12). 12. Low-voltage three-phase cable holder according to at least one of claims 9 to 11, characterized, that the compensating piece (31 - 33) has support surfaces or grooves (34, 38) shaped to the peripheral shape of the cable (15) adjacent during assembly. 13. Low-voltage three-phase cable holder according to at least one of claims 2 to 4, characterized, 98604 GM 20 .„.*..· :„...., that the rhombic, in particular square, receiving cross-section (41) has a shape, one diagonal (46) of which is approximately parallel to the connecting surface (12) of the upper and lower yokes (2, 3), that the upper yoke (2) has a projection (42) of triangular cross-section on both sides adjacent to its recess (6), which projects over the adjacent abutting surfaces (8) in the direction of the lower yoke recess (7) and, when assembled (especially when empty), engages in the lower yoke recess (7) in the sense of a shortening of the diagonal span (S) (measured transversely to the clamped cables) starting from the two longitudinal edges (43) of the recess (6) (Fig. 4a, b). 14. Low-voltage three-phase cable holder according to claim 13,
characterized, that the respective projection (42) - in the case of a square receiving cross-section (41) - has a right-angled equilateral triangular cross-section, wherein one triangular leg (44) forms part of a side of the receiving cross-section (41) formed by the upper yoke (2) and the other triangular leg (45) lies parallel to the opposite side of the receiving cross-section (41) in the lower yoke (2). 15. Low-voltage three-phase cable holder according to claim 14,
characterized, that the width of the base of the projection (42) measured in the plane of the connecting surface (12) for a clamped package of cables (15) of the smallest diameter designed in each case is approximately equal to the distance measured in the plane of said connecting surface (12) between the adjacent outer edge of the recess (7) of the lower yoke (3) and the intersection line of said plane with the peripheral surface of the adjacent clamped cable. 16. Low-voltage three-phase cable holder according to at least one of claims 2 to 4, characterized, that the upper yoke (2) and lower yoke (3) consist of slats (52, 53) that can be inserted into one another, whereby the slats (52, 53) of the upper yoke (2) together form the it >**♦♦· it it ·.· 98604 GM 21 ::♦":·:!.·*· *··::**: The upper part recess (6) and the slats (53) of the lower yoke (3) together span the lower part recess (7) (Fig. 5a, b). 17. Low-voltage three-phase cable holder according to at least one of claims 1 to 16, characterized,
that the upper and lower yokes (2, 3) are identically shaped.