DE29709282U1 - Internal combustion engine with two pistons in a cylinder and two crankshafts - Google Patents

Description

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DESCRIPTION

Internal combustion engine with two pistons in one cylinder and two crankshafts.

Four-stroke and two-stroke engines are commonly known, with either spark ignition or self-ignition. In all of them, a piston works in a cylinder. One end of the cylinder is locked to the cylinder head.

Much has been done to reduce fuel consumption, but a large proportion of the explosion energy is still wasted. The force towards the cylinder head is only converted into mechanical /useful/ energy to a small extent. The rest is compensated by the counteraction of the cylinder head.

Therefore, fuel consumption is still too high.

The invention specified in patent claims 1 to 3 is based on the problem of converting the explosion energy wasted in conventional reciprocating piston engines into mechanical /useful/ energy and thereby significantly reducing fuel consumption.

This problem is solved by the features listed in patent claims 1 to 3.

The advantages achieved with the invention are based in particular on the fact that the explosion energy is simultaneously transferred to two counter-rotating pistons. Through the interaction between the two pistons (not, as in conventional reciprocating piston engines, between the piston and the cylinder head, which has no way of converting the explosion energy), the useful energy gained from each explosion is almost doubled.

The third drawing (Fig. 5) shows that the decisive extraction of mechanical energy from the effect of the explosive force (F) takes place in the first two-thirds of the working cycle.

The partial force (Fl) that drives the crankshafts is relatively large in this area.

But then it quickly decreases until the BDC point, whereby the useless partial force (F2) increases rapidly.

Therefore, the effect of the partial force Fl at the end of the working stroke is so small that this partial force after the large energy conversion in the first 2/3 of the working stroke is no longer able (due to the small value) to further increase the circular motion of the crankshafts.

Therefore, the slightly larger pressure drop in the cylinders than in conventional engines does not cause any significant disadvantages.

This ensures the maximum possible utilization of the explosion energy.

Compared to conventional reciprocating piston engines, the internal combustion engine with two pistons in one cylinder and two crankshafts only needs half as many explosions to produce the same power, with fuel consumption during an explosion being the same in both engine types.

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Even at low speeds, a large torque is created, which means that the machine will work very flexibly.

Considering that an engine with two pistons in one cylinder and two crankshafts will be somewhat heavier and that transmission of revolutions from the crankshafts to the drive shaft will consume some energy, it can be said that the overall fuel consumption will be reduced by about 40%.

The new engine is particularly suitable for working in a lying position, which means that the center of gravity of vehicles can be significantly reduced.

Conventional multi-cylinder reciprocating piston engines can be successfully replaced by new engines that have only half the number of cylinders (with the same number of pistons).

The areas of application of internal combustion engines with two pistons in one cylinder and two crankshafts are as broad as for all conventional reciprocating piston engines, i.e.: driving means of transport, sports cars, construction, agricultural and stationary machines.

An embodiment of the invention is shown in the drawings and is described in more detail below.

An internal combustion engine with two pistons (11 and 12) in one cylinder (1) and two crankshafts (13 and 14) in the four-stroke version is shown.

Fig. 1 Intake stroke

- Inlet valve (3) open

- Outlet valve (4) closed

- both pistons (moving towards the crankshafts) in downward stroke

- a fuel-air mixture (5) (air in diesel engines) is sucked in through the intake channel (2)

Fig.2 Compression cycle

- both valves closed

- both pistons in upward stroke

- Fuel-air mixture (air in diesel engines) is compressed

Fig. 3 Working cycle

- both valves closed

- Fuel-air mixture is ignited by a spark plug (10)

(In diesel engines, there is an injection nozzle instead of a spark plug; ignition occurs in the same way as in conventional diesel engines). The explosion pressure drives both pistons into the downward stroke. The interaction between the two pistons and the simultaneous conversion of the explosion energy by the two piston-rod-crankshaft arrangements cause the generation of mechanical energy to be doubled compared to conventional engines.

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Fig.4 Exhaust stroke

-Inlet valve (3) closed

-Exhaust valve (4) open

-Piston in upstroke

-Exhaust gases (8) are pushed out of the cylinder chamber.

In engines with two pistons in one cylinder and two crankshafts, all previous technological achievements that lead to optimal filling of the cylinders with the fuel-air mixture (air in diesel engines) and optimal combustion (e.g. multiple intake and exhaust valves, supercharging devices, injection systems, improved shapes of the piston crown, etc.) are applicable.

All the advantages that can be achieved with the four-stroke version presented also apply to internal combustion engines with two pistons in one cylinder and two crankshafts in the two-stroke version.

Claims (3)

Sheet -1 - Gwozdz Henryk Dortmund, 26 May 1997 PROTECTION CLAIMS Internal combustion engine with two pistons in one cylinder and two crankshafts 1) Internal combustion engine with two pistons (11 and 12) in one cylinder (1) and two crankshafts (13 and 14), characterized in that a) two counter-rotating pistons (11 and 12) are mounted in a cylinder (1), whereby a cylinder can also consist of 2 parts screwed together b) each of the two pistons drives a separate crankshaft (13 and 14) c) the revolutions of the two crankshafts are transmitted to a drive shaft by a gear box d) there is no conventional cylinder head e) the intake (3) and exhaust valves (4) as well as the spark plugs (10) or injection nozzles (10) are mounted in the middle of the cylinder length, which is why this part must have a special reinforcement. In two-stroke engines the spark plug or injection nozzle are mounted in the same way as in four-stroke engines, the intake and exhaust ports are built as in conventional two-stroke engines, but separately for both pistons. 2) Internal combustion engine according to claim 1, characterized in that the explosion of the fuel-air mixture takes place after the compression stroke in the combustion chamber between the two piston crowns (7). 3) Internal combustion engine according to claims 1 and 2, characterized in that the explosion pressure is transmitted to both pistons simultaneously. -2-