DE29609079U1 - Catalytic converter - Google Patents
Catalytic converterInfo
- Publication number
- DE29609079U1 DE29609079U1 DE29609079U DE29609079U DE29609079U1 DE 29609079 U1 DE29609079 U1 DE 29609079U1 DE 29609079 U DE29609079 U DE 29609079U DE 29609079 U DE29609079 U DE 29609079U DE 29609079 U1 DE29609079 U1 DE 29609079U1
- Authority
- DE
- Germany
- Prior art keywords
- catalyst
- sample
- exhaust gas
- exhaust
- catalyst according
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 title claims description 5
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims description 30
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000011324 bead Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims 5
- 239000010970 precious metal Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000003566 sealing material Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008188 pellet Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
- F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
- F01N3/24—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by constructional aspects of converting apparatus
- F01N3/28—Construction of catalytic reactors
- F01N3/2839—Arrangements for mounting catalyst support in housing, e.g. with means for compensating thermal expansion or vibration
- F01N3/2842—Arrangements for mounting catalyst support in housing, e.g. with means for compensating thermal expansion or vibration specially adapted for monolithic supports, e.g. of honeycomb type
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N2450/00—Methods or apparatus for fitting, inserting or repairing different elements
- F01N2450/30—Removable or rechangeable blocks or cartridges, e.g. for filters
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Toxicology (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Superconductors And Manufacturing Methods Therefor (AREA)
Description
AbgaskatalysatorCatalytic converter
Abgaskätalysatoren, wie sie auch in Autos eingesetzt werden, bestehen aus eiern Keramikkörper mit dem Katalysatormetall und einem erweiterten Mantel, der in das Abgasrohr eingepaßt ist. Eine Ausweitung des Abgasrohrs ist für das Beibehalten der Strömunggeschwindigkeit im Abgasrohr notwendig.Exhaust catalysts, such as those used in cars, consist of a ceramic body with the catalyst metal and an expanded casing that is fitted into the exhaust pipe. An expansion of the exhaust pipe is necessary to maintain the flow velocity in the exhaust pipe.
Die Katalysatormäntel bestehen aus einem hitzebeständigen Stahl, und sie werden in einer Vielzahl von Formen, je nach Platz, konfektioniert. An das Abgasrohr werden trichterförmige Erweiterungen angeschweißt, um das Mantelrohr, gefüllt mit Keramikwabenkörpern oder anderen oberflächenreichen Formteilen, einzupassen und ebenfalls festzuschweißen.The catalyst casings are made of heat-resistant steel and are manufactured in a variety of shapes, depending on the space available. Funnel-shaped extensions are welded onto the exhaust pipe in order to fit the casing pipe, filled with ceramic honeycomb bodies or other molded parts with a high surface area, and to weld it in place.
So fest und gasdicht die Katalysatorren dann auch in Gebrauch gehen, das Recycling der Katalysatoren verläuft noch sehr unbefriedigend: Beim Autoabgaskatalysator beispielsweise werden die Katalysatortöpfe mechanisch oder schweißtechnisch aus dem Abgassystem herausgetrennt und verschiedenen Sammellogistiken zugeführt. Schwere Spezialscheren schneiden die Stahikörper auf und entfernen den größten Teil der gebrochenen Katalysatorkeramik sowie die Polsterung. Stahl, Polsterung und Katalysatorkeramik laufen dann verschiedene Wege (Kat-Verbünde).No matter how solid and gas-tight the catalysts are when they are put into use, the recycling of the catalysts is still very unsatisfactory: In the case of car exhaust catalysts, for example, the catalyst pots are separated mechanically or by welding from the exhaust system and sent to various collection logistics. Heavy special shears cut open the steel bodies and remove most of the broken catalyst ceramics and the padding. The steel, padding and catalyst ceramics then follow different paths (catalyst composites).
An eine weitere Verwendung nach kurzer Lebenszeit, etwa bei Katalysatoren aus Unfallwagen, ist für keinen der Bestandteile zu denken. Zu rabiat greifen die Zerlegungstechniken in die Recycling-Operationen ein.It is not possible to reuse any of the components after a short lifespan, such as catalytic converters from vehicles involved in accidents. The dismantling techniques interfere too aggressively with the recycling operations.
Das neue Kreislaufwirtschafts- und Abfaügesetz fordert jetzt mit höchster Priorität die Abfallvermeidung, gefolgt von der Forderung nach ständig verbesserten Verwertungsmethoden verbrauchter Stoffe und Aggregate.The new Recycling Management and Waste Act now requires waste prevention as a top priority, followed by the demand for constantly improved recycling methods for used materials and aggregates.
In Stahlmänteln eingeschweißte Keramikkörper jedoch erschweren sowohl die Reparatur als auch ein ressourcenschonendes Recycling. Eine Weiterverwendung ist nur in seltenen Fällen möglich, das Verwenden und Ausbessern von Katalysatorteilen derzeit nicht möglich.However, ceramic bodies welded into steel casings make both repair and resource-saving recycling more difficult. Reuse is only possible in rare cases, and the use and repair of catalyst parts is currently not possible.
Es war daher die Aufgabe zu lösen, ein Katalysatorsystem zu entwickeln, das mechanisch gasdicht zusammensteckbar ist, daß es zumindest mit Gerätekraft so zerlegbar ist, daß die Einzelteile einer Prüfung auf weitere Verwendung unterzogen werden können.The task was therefore to develop a catalyst system that could be mechanically assembled in a gas-tight manner, so that it could be dismantled at least using the force of a tool so that the individual parts could be tested for further use.
Diese Aufgabe wurde den Musteransprüchen entsprechend dadurch gelöst, daß die Enden der trichterförmigen Abgasrohrausweitungen und/ oder der Katalysatormantel mit entsprechenden Klemm-, Steck-, Schraub- oder Bajonett versehen sind.This problem was solved in accordance with the model claims in that the ends of the funnel-shaped exhaust pipe extensions and/or the catalyst casing are provided with corresponding clamps, plugs, screws or bayonets.
Je nach Katalysatorform sind alle gebräuchlichen mechanischen Verbindungsmechanismen denkbar. Beispielsweise sind für ovale oder eckige Katalysatoren nur die reinen Steck- und Klemm-Mechanismen anwendbar, während bei runden Katalysatoren auch Schraub- und Bajonett-Verbindungen möglich sind. Die Verbindungen müssen sich jedoch auch in korrodiertem Zustand noch so lösen lassen, daß neue Katalysatorkörper einbaubar sind oder eine Trennung von Stahlteilen, Polsterung und Katalysatorkeramik so ermöglicht wird daß die Stahlteile nach der Reinigung wieder weiterverwendet werden können.Depending on the shape of the catalyst, all common mechanical connection mechanisms are possible. For example, for oval or square catalysts, only pure plug-in and clamp mechanisms are applicable, while for round catalysts, screw and bayonet connections are also possible. However, the connections must be able to be released even when corroded so that new catalyst bodies can be installed or the steel parts, padding and catalyst ceramic can be separated so that the steel parts can be reused after cleaning.
Auch innerhalb des Mantels lassen sich Zusammensteckmechanismen anbringen: beispielsweise eine Längs- oder Quertrennung mit entsprechendem Wulst und aufgeschlagenen Klemmen.Interlocking mechanisms can also be installed inside the jacket: for example, a longitudinal or transverse separation with a corresponding bead and opened terminals.
· · &eegr; t · · η t
Diese mechanisch zusammengefügten Katalysatoren ha'ßen in den USA und Japan, wo die Technologie der katalytischen Abgasreinigung über die längste Tradition verfügt, keine Vorläufer. Hier werden auch in der Regel Pellet-Katalysatoren eingesetzt, die leicht aus den Katalysatorkörpern wieder entfernt werden können.These mechanically assembled catalysts have no predecessors in the USA and Japan, where the technology of catalytic exhaust gas purification has the longest tradition. Here, pellet catalysts are also generally used, which can be easily removed from the catalyst bodies.
In der Tat hat sich in Amerika ein bemerkenswerter Sekundärmarkt mit gebrauchten Katalysatoren etabliert, die rekonditioniert und/ oder neu befüllt wurden.In fact, a remarkable secondary market has been established in America for used catalysts that have been reconditioned and/or refilled.
Das wäre mit zerlegbaren Monolith-Katalysatoren, die sich durch höhere Stabilität und Abriebfestigkeit auszeichnen, auch in Europa möglich.This would also be possible in Europe with demountable monolith catalysts, which are characterized by higher stability and abrasion resistance.
Claims (4)
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE29609079U DE29609079U1 (en) | 1996-05-21 | 1996-05-21 | Catalytic converter |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE29609079U DE29609079U1 (en) | 1996-05-21 | 1996-05-21 | Catalytic converter |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
DE29609079U1 true DE29609079U1 (en) | 1996-08-14 |
Family
ID=8024200
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
DE29609079U Expired - Lifetime DE29609079U1 (en) | 1996-05-21 | 1996-05-21 | Catalytic converter |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
DE (1) | DE29609079U1 (en) |
-
1996
- 1996-05-21 DE DE29609079U patent/DE29609079U1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
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Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
R207 | Utility model specification |
Effective date: 19960926 |
|
R156 | Lapse of ip right after 3 years |
Effective date: 20000301 |