DE29516267U1 - Device for eliminating signal distortions in the transmission and measurement of pressures - Google Patents
Device for eliminating signal distortions in the transmission and measurement of pressuresInfo
- Publication number
- DE29516267U1 DE29516267U1 DE29516267U DE29516267U DE29516267U1 DE 29516267 U1 DE29516267 U1 DE 29516267U1 DE 29516267 U DE29516267 U DE 29516267U DE 29516267 U DE29516267 U DE 29516267U DE 29516267 U1 DE29516267 U1 DE 29516267U1
- Authority
- DE
- Germany
- Prior art keywords
- pressure
- measurement
- device characterized
- transmission
- pressures
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 title claims description 9
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 title claims description 7
- 238000012800 visualization Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000008030 elimination Effects 0.000 claims 2
- 238000003379 elimination reaction Methods 0.000 claims 2
- 208000031481 Pathologic Constriction Diseases 0.000 claims 1
- 239000002775 capsule Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 208000037804 stenosis Diseases 0.000 claims 1
- 230000036262 stenosis Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000013016 damping Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008054 signal transmission Effects 0.000 description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000036772 blood pressure Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000010355 oscillation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 210000005245 right atrium Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 206010040047 Sepsis Diseases 0.000 description 1
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 230000004872 arterial blood pressure Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003205 diastolic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003203 everyday effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035488 systolic blood pressure Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002792 vascular Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
- A61B5/02—Detecting, measuring or recording pulse, heart rate, blood pressure or blood flow; Combined pulse/heart-rate/blood pressure determination; Evaluating a cardiovascular condition not otherwise provided for, e.g. using combinations of techniques provided for in this group with electrocardiography or electroauscultation; Heart catheters for measuring blood pressure
- A61B5/021—Measuring pressure in heart or blood vessels
- A61B5/0215—Measuring pressure in heart or blood vessels by means inserted into the body
Landscapes
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Cardiology (AREA)
- Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Physiology (AREA)
- Biophysics (AREA)
- Pathology (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- Vascular Medicine (AREA)
- Medical Informatics (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Surgery (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
- Measuring Fluid Pressure (AREA)
- Arrangements For Transmission Of Measured Signals (AREA)
Description
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Titel;Title;
Vorrichtung zur Eliminierung von Signalverfälschungen bei der Übertragung und der Messung von Drücken.Device for eliminating signal distortions during the transmission and measurement of pressures.
Problem;Problem;
Während Operationen oder auf Intensivstationen ist die direkte Messung von Blutdruckwerten ( z.B. arterieller und venöser Blutdruck) wichtiger Bestandteil der Überwachung. Hierzu wird der Katheter, der das Drucksignal aufnimmt, über einen mit Kochsalzlösung gefüllten Schlauch mit einem Druckwandler verbunden, der den Druck in ein elektrisches Signal umsetzt. Zur Messung ist die Festlegung eines externen Nullpunktes Voraussetzung, der sich in Höhe der rechten Vorhofes des Herzens befindet. Dazu wird der Wandler auf Höhe des rechten Vorhofes befestigt und der Atmosphärendruck gleich Null gesetzt.During operations or in intensive care units, the direct measurement of blood pressure values (e.g. arterial and venous blood pressure) is an important part of monitoring. For this, the catheter that records the pressure signal is connected to a pressure transducer via a tube filled with saline solution, which converts the pressure into an electrical signal. For the measurement, an external zero point must be established, which is located at the level of the right atrium of the heart. For this, the transducer is attached at the level of the right atrium and the atmospheric pressure is set to zero.
In der invasiven Medizin werden Druckverläufe oder komplexe Dracksignale aufgezeichnet. Eine typische arterielle Druckkurve enthält ein ganzes Spektrum von Frequenzen. Zum besseren Verständnis kann der Vergleich mit einem Saiteninstrument herangezogen werden. Der Ton C einer Gitarre klingt anders als der einer Geige. Jede Saite schwingt nicht nur in Ihrer Grundfrequenz, sondern auch in Vielfachen davon. Eben diese sog. Obertöne machen die Individualität des Instrumentes aus. Mit der Fourrier-Analyse gelingt es, diese Obertöne als Vielfache der Grundfrequenz darzustellen. Jeder beliebige Klang läßt sich aus der Summation von Sinusschwingungen synthetisieren(Prinzip des Synthesizers). Umgekehrt läßt sich der Frequenzinhalt einer Schwingung bestimmen. Dabei zeigt sich, daß der Gehalt an hohen Frequenzen zunimmt, je steiler einzelne Abschnitte des Signals sind. Bei einer Herzfrequenz von 60/min beträgt die Grundfrequenz 1 Hertz. Um eine saubere Übertragung aller in der Druckpulskurve enthaltenen FrequenzanteÜe zu gewährleisten, muß die 8.-10. Harmonische unverfälscht bleiben. Je steiler einzelne Anteile der Druckkurve werden (z.B. bei der Sepsis), um so hochfrequenter werden die Anteile.In invasive medicine, pressure curves or complex pressure signals are recorded. A typical arterial pressure curve contains a whole spectrum of frequencies. For a better understanding, a comparison with a stringed instrument can be used. The note C on a guitar sounds different from that on a violin. Each string vibrates not only at its basic frequency, but also in multiples of it. It is precisely these so-called overtones that make the instrument unique. Fourier analysis makes it possible to represent these overtones as multiples of the basic frequency. Any sound can be synthesized from the summation of sinusoidal oscillations (synthesizer principle). Conversely, the frequency content of an oscillation can be determined. This shows that the content of high frequencies increases the steeper the individual sections of the signal are. With a heart rate of 60/min, the basic frequency is 1 Hertz. In order to ensure a clean transmission of all frequency components contained in the pressure pulse curve, the 8th to 10th harmonics must remain unadulterated. The steeper individual components of the pressure curve become (e.g. in sepsis), the higher the frequency of the components becomes.
Li tttC f. CC £ t Ct (CCC Li tttC f. CC £ t Ct (CCC
Die Wassersäule in den Schläuchen stellt ein schwingungsfähiges System dar, welches von dem Druckpuls aus dem Gefäßsystem zum Oszillieren angeregt wird. Jedes schwingungsfähigen System ist durch eine Resonazfrequenz und eine Dämpfung charakterisiert. Die Frequenzanteile der Druckkurve, die der Resonanzfrequenz des Systems nahe kommen, werden verfälscht und überhöht. Eine exakte Signalübertragung Hegt vor, wenn alle Frequenzanteile der Druckpulskurve verzerrungsfrei übertragen werden. Typischerweise werden die steilen Anteile der Druckkurve akzentuiert; der systolische Druck wird zu hoch (laut Lit. um bis zu 40%) und der Diastolische zu niedrig gemessen. Weiterhin kommt es zu einer Verfälschung der Kurvenförm.The water column in the tubes represents an oscillating system, which is stimulated to oscillate by the pressure pulse from the vascular system. Every oscillating system is characterized by a resonance frequency and a damping. The frequency components of the pressure curve that are close to the resonance frequency of the system are distorted and exaggerated. An exact signal transmission occurs when all frequency components of the pressure pulse curve are transmitted without distortion. Typically, the steep parts of the pressure curve are accentuated; the systolic pressure is measured too high (according to literature by up to 40%) and the diastolic is measured too low. Furthermore, the curve shape is distorted.
- Die Monitore zur Visualisierung der registrierten Drücke verfugen über eine Tiefbassfilterung mit je nach Hersteller unterschiedlicher Grenzfrequenz (12-40 Hertz). Diese sollen Netzbrummen und Schleuderzacken durch das versehentliche Wackeln an der Messleitung herausfiltern. Er ist kein spezifisch auf das Messystem abgestimmter Riter.- The monitors for visualizing the recorded pressures have a deep bass filter with a different cut-off frequency depending on the manufacturer (12-40 Hertz). This is intended to filter out mains hum and spin spikes caused by accidentally shaking the measuring cable. It is not a filter specifically tailored to the measuring system.
-Katheter der neuen Generation verfugen am distalen Ende über einen Druckwandler, werden aber wegen der hohen Kosten (ca.2000 DM) selten eingesetzt. Dabei stellt sich das Problem der Signalverfälschung durch wassergefüllte Schläuche nicht.-The new generation of catheters have a pressure transducer at the distal end, but are rarely used due to the high cost (approx. 2000 DM). The problem of signal distortion caused by water-filled tubes does not arise.
-Die Verwendung zusätzlicher Dämpfungsmaßnahmen wie z.B. im Nebenschluß eingebrachte Luftblasen sind nicht speziell auf das System zugeschnitten. Sie verändern die Dämpfung und die Resonazfrequenz und sind nur bei Messystemen mit Resonazfrequenzen > 20 Hertz einsetzbar.-The use of additional damping measures such as air bubbles introduced into the shunt are not specifically tailored to the system. They change the damping and the resonance frequency and can only be used with measuring systems with resonance frequencies > 20 Hertz.
Lösung:Solution:
Ist das Übertragungsverhalten der Messysteme (Kanüle-wassergefüllte Schläuche" Druckwandler) bekannt, so wird ein spezifischer Filter implementiert, der die Verfälschungen kompensiert. Der Filter kann mechanischer Natur sein und im Schlauchsystem eingebracht sein. Einfacher ist die Realisierung eines elektronischen Filters, der zwischen Druckwandler und Visualisierungsmonitor geschaltet wird.If the transmission behavior of the measuring systems (cannula, water-filled hoses, pressure transducers) is known, a specific filter is implemented to compensate for the distortions. The filter can be mechanical in nature and installed in the hose system. It is simpler to implement an electronic filter that is connected between the pressure transducer and the visualization monitor.
-Minimierung der Meßfehler durch saubere Signalübertragung im gesamten-Minimization of measurement errors through clean signal transmission throughout the
Frequenzband physiologischer Druckpulse.
-Minimierung der Meßfehler bei der Verwendung unterschiedlicher Katheter.Frequency band of physiological pressure pulses.
-Minimizing measurement errors when using different catheters.
Elektronische Filter können passiv oder aktiv arbeiten. Neben einfacherer Handhabung haben aktive Filter den Vorteil, in dem Frequenzbereich, in dem es zu einer Signalabschwächung kommt, zu verstärken.Electronic filters can work passively or actively. In addition to being easier to handle, active filters have the advantage of amplifying in the frequency range in which signal attenuation occurs.
Auch die Verwendung von digitalen Filtern, die z.B.über die Hin- und Rücktransformation der Fourrier- Analyse arbeiten, ist möglich. Sie erfordern einen sehr schnellen Computer.It is also possible to use digital filters, which work, for example, via the forward and backward transformation of the Fourier analysis. They require a very fast computer.
In den folgenden Abbildungen wird ein Ausfiihrungsbeispiel der Erfindung erläutert: Abb. 1 Frequenzgang eines Druckmeßystemes wie es im medizinischen AlltagThe following figures explain an embodiment of the invention: Fig. 1 Frequency response of a pressure measuring system as used in everyday medical practice
zur Patientenüberwachung verwendet wird.used for patient monitoring.
Abb. 2 Frequenzgang eines Druckmeßystemes (1) und des Filters(2).Fig. 2 Frequency response of a pressure measuring system (1) and the filter (2).
Die resultierende Signalübertragung ist von 0-50 Hertz unverfälscht.The resulting signal transmission is unadulterated from 0-50 Hertz.
Claims (6)
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE29516267U DE29516267U1 (en) | 1995-10-13 | 1995-10-13 | Device for eliminating signal distortions in the transmission and measurement of pressures |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE29516267U DE29516267U1 (en) | 1995-10-13 | 1995-10-13 | Device for eliminating signal distortions in the transmission and measurement of pressures |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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DE29516267U1 true DE29516267U1 (en) | 1995-12-14 |
Family
ID=8014117
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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DE29516267U Expired - Lifetime DE29516267U1 (en) | 1995-10-13 | 1995-10-13 | Device for eliminating signal distortions in the transmission and measurement of pressures |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
DE (1) | DE29516267U1 (en) |
-
1995
- 1995-10-13 DE DE29516267U patent/DE29516267U1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
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Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
R086 | Non-binding declaration of licensing interest | ||
R207 | Utility model specification |
Effective date: 19960201 |
|
R081 | Change of applicant/patentee |
Owner name: PETERMEYER, MICHAEL, DR., DE Free format text: FORMER OWNER: PETERMEYER, MICHAEL, 52072 AACHEN, DE Effective date: 19980317 |
|
R081 | Change of applicant/patentee |
Owner name: PETERMEYER, MICHAEL, DR., DE Free format text: FORMER OWNER: PETERMEYER, MICHAEL, DR., 35274 KIRCHHAIN, DE Effective date: 19980605 |
|
R081 | Change of applicant/patentee |
Owner name: PETERMEYER, MICHAEL, DR., DE Free format text: FORMER OWNER: PETERMEYER, MICHAEL, 35274 KIRCHHAIN, DE Effective date: 19990615 |
|
R150 | Utility model maintained after payment of first maintenance fee after three years |
Effective date: 19990625 |
|
R157 | Lapse of ip right after 6 years |
Effective date: 20020702 |