DE29504856U1 - Device for treating railway track lining material - Google Patents

Description

Device for treating railway superstructure construction material

The innovation concerns a device for treating railway superstructure construction material (track ballast).

Today, permission to deposit waste in certain landfills is not only dependent on the contents of this waste, but increasingly on its leaching behaviour.

Very often, lumpy waste is produced whose contents are essentially harmless, but whose surface has pollutants applied to it, which dissolve in the eluting test. Such waste may no longer be deposited in certain landfills, because it is rightly concluded from the eluting test that the leachate resulting from this deposit will also have a similar contamination to the eluate.

Railway superstructure construction material (track ballast), which is produced in relatively large quantities, consists of ecologically completely harmless minerals inside the rock pieces, which
However, the outer surfaces of the rock pieces are covered with dusty and therefore large-scale
Covered with abrasion debris, often loosely bound with oily materials such as lubricating oils, herbicide solvents, polycyclic aromatics, feces, etc.

The soluble pollutants affecting the eluate are therefore almost
only on the dust adhering to the surface of the pieces.

The aim of the innovation is to make track ballast suitable for disposal in landfills with low
safety standard and thus prevent the accumulation of large quantities of
to avoid hazardous waste.

This goal is achieved according to the innovation with a device for treating railway superstructure construction material (track ballast), which is characterized in that it consists essentially of a vibrating or shaking screen, supply lines for compressed air provided above the screen approximately in the area of the middle third of the screen and supply lines for high-pressure water or steam provided approximately in the area of the last third of the screen, as well as containers provided below the screen for collecting the fine particles falling through the screen and the waste water passing through the screen. According to a special design, deflection plates designed and arranged like ploughshares are provided both in the area of the middle third of the screen and in the area of the last third of the screen approximately along the transverse center line of these areas over the entire width of the screen.

The track ballast is, if necessary after pre-treatment by sieving, air sifting or magnetic separation, brought into contact with a compressed air jet with a nozzle outlet pressure of 3 to 400, preferably 3 to 100 bar, or with a high-pressure water jet or a steam jet with a nozzle outlet pressure of 20 - 800, preferably 20 - 100 bar, or with the compressed air jet and then with the high-pressure water jet or the steam jet, in order to remove the adhering pollutants and fine particles and thereby improve the eluate behavior and thus the landfillability. According to a preferred embodiment of the innovation, the track ballast is turned during treatment with the compressed air jet and during treatment with the flood water jet or the steam jet.

The track ballast treated and cleaned in this way can be stored in landfills without unreasonable environmental pollution. The dust-laden exhaust air and waste water generated during treatment can be disposed of in the usual way, e.g. by filtering and allowing the contaminants from the waste water to settle in treatment tanks.

The device according to the invention is explained in more detail with reference to the drawing, in which an embodiment of the invention is shown schematically.

The track ballast to be cleaned is applied to a vibrating or shaking screen 2 in a single, loose layer by means of a conveyor device 1. Three consecutive zones 3, 4 and 5 are provided along the vibrating screen 2. In zone 3, the fine fraction of the track ballast is separated by the vibrating screen 2. The screened-out fine fraction falls into a receiving container 6 and is disposed of in the usual way according to its composition. In zone 4, the cast ballast is treated with compressed air. Compressed air is blown onto the sliding ballast via high-pressure lines 7, 7' with a nozzle outlet pressure of 3 to 400 bar. In the process, further fine particles that have not yet been separated in zone 3 by the simple screening process are removed and are transported via a discharge chute 8 into a receiving container 9. The fine particles collected in the receiving container 9 can be disposed of together with the fine particles screened in zone 3. In zone 5, the track ballast is treated with high-pressure water or high-pressure steam, depending on the nature of the material adhering to its outer surfaces. Either water or steam at a pressure of 20 to 800 bar is applied to the track ballast to be cleaned via high-pressure lines 10, 10'. The high-pressure water or steam frees the track ballast of material adhering to its outer surfaces, which would make it impossible to store it in landfills with low safety standards. The waste water that accrues in this zone, the wet fraction, is discharged via a discharge channel 11 into a collecting basin 12. The wet fraction is disposed of in the usual way, e.g. by allowing the pollutants to settle or by filtering or by precipitation. The track ballast cleaned in the manner described is discharged via a chute 13 into a receiving container 14. In zones 4 and 5, approximately in the area of the transverse center line over the entire width of the vibrating or shaking screen 2, deflector plates 15 designed and arranged like ploughshares are provided, with which the track ballast is turned as it continues to move. In this way, the track ballast can be cleaned on all sides. In the area of zones 4 and 5, the vibrating or shaking screen can be replaced by a perforated conveyor belt. In such a design, a vibrating or shaking screen is only required in zone 3.

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The track ballast cleaned in the manner described is harmless to the environment and can therefore be stored in landfills with low safety standards.

Claims (2)

Protection claims 1. Device for treating railway superstructure construction material (track ballast), characterized in that it consists essentially of a vibrating or shaking screen (2), supply lines (7, 7') for compressed air provided above the screen (2) approximately in the area of the middle third of the screen (2) and supply lines (10, 10') for high-pressure water or steam provided approximately in the area of the last third of the screen (2) as well as containers (6, 9, 12) provided below the screen (2) for receiving the fine particles falling through the screen (2) and the waste water passing through the screen (2). 2. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that both in the area of the middle third of the sieve (2) and in the area of the last third of the sieve (2) approximately along the transverse center line of these areas over the entire width of the sieve (2) ploughshare-shaped and arranged deflection plates (15) are provided.