DE2945159A1 - Solar heat recovery system - uses vapour directed by diffusion into collector in continuous circuit - Google Patents

Abstract

The system recovers solar heat by means of a vapour-diffusion collector, the vapour used as a heat-transfer medium being directed by diffusion into a condenser. It flows in a continuous circuit, in which condensation, evaporation, and heating take place in succession. It can be operated on fluid with high vapour pressure, being so constructed that when condensation starts in the stationary state the vapour moves only in one directio. Wicks or other porous capillary material can be used to air transport or the vapour.

Description

Title method and device for Cewin-

Use of solar heat with automatic regulation via steam diffusion -Collector field of application: The invention relates to a system that enables upper several meters away solar heat in the direction of gravity through diffusion and to transport Kondönsat effects of vapors Purpose: The method and the The device as mentioned in the title should serve to collect solar heat in a simple way and to make them usable in a manner and without the aid of external allergy State of the art: The systems for obtaining solar heat via collectors are working today criticism of the prior art: predominantly according to a cycle process, the heat transfer medium is conveyed with a pump over the collector and over a heat exchanger.

This pump is required for two reasons. First, diminished a warmer medium its density and thus does not move from one geographically higher level to a lower one, as is the case with the collector heating (from the roof in the basement) is required, and secondly, have fluids that transport heat be used have the disadvantage that they are viscous and heavy.

Because line pressure drops and the principle of inertia of the liquid reach a considerable order of magnitude compared to the small difference in density, the difference in density that occurs when the liquid is partially heated is sufficient not in order to enable a satisfactory liquid transport.

In addition, so-called heat pipes are used for the transport of heat used.

These systems use vapors that are heated or heated in a collector. get overheated. The heat consumer condenses the vapor into a liquid and uses it here the heat of condensation from.

The existing systems that work with pumps need their Function external energy, electrical or electronically controlled regulations and require especially because of the pump maintenance.

Because of the simultaneous presence of steam and Liquid of the same substance find material transitions from the gaseous state to the liquid and vice versa also take place within the connecting lines, though this is not errant. This exchange of substances causes in particular Task: smaller with small driving forces (small temperature differences) and large distances between the heat source and the heat consumers there is a considerable reduction in the thermal and thermodynamic efficiency. Moreover, it is under principled and From a technical point of view, the capillary structure of heat pipes is not possible to train that undesirable heat exchange processes already within the connecting line between heat source and heat consumer can be avoided. Another crucial one However, the disadvantage of the heat pipe systems is based on the physical cause, that vapors conduct heat poorly, provided that only convection and heat transfer effects can be used in steam (as in the case of heat pipes). Since there are only single-material systems in the heat pipes For example, water or alcohol, for example, are usually used in the Solar collector application to bridge distances between the collector and the heat consumer only through the use of additional heat transport devices, e.g. pumps, sensible to overcome. bies is especially critical when Form steam poles in the steam lines, which differ at low temperature differences prevent or buffer the heat transport through condensation. Both systems, the heat pipe and the pump-operated system are so costly to manufacture that amortization is manageable despite the high primary energy costs Period is not possible.

It is therefore proposed a system that alternately gaseous-liquid Operation, through a consistent separation of vapor and liquid Zåsen and through an intensified diffusion effect via a gas / vapor mixture of two substances avoids or reduces these disadvantages.

Solution: The task is solved by working in a closed, evacuated and partially filled with an evaporable heat carrier system steam is overheated and then condensed.

In the vapor space of the apparatus there is permanently an inert one Gas. Superheated steam and saturated steam, hereinafter referred to as cold steam, are used here. in separate lines so that contact between the two is negligible Scope takes place.

The superheated steam is created in the collector surface, the cold steam is located between the collector surface and a heat carrier evaporation vessel (see p. Sketch).

Functional principle: After evacuating the equipment, a certain amount of diffusion gas is released Dspw. Not incorporated into the system.

After that, the storage container is filled with a liquid and vaporizable Partially filled fabric. In the apparatus, a mixture with gas components forms Steam atmosphere. This atmosphere is supplied with heat in the collector area.

By diffusion, to a negligible extent also by convection The energy-rich, warmer steam molecules get into all lines of the apparatus and heat existing cold steam here. Through the diffusion accelerator the start-up effect, which would otherwise last for a long time on longer journeys, becomes rapid bridged, the hot steam molecules reach the heat consumer.

This is where the steam condenses. The condensation then superimposes the Diffusion and now causes directional and accelerated movement of the steam in the direction of the condenser from the evaporation vessel via the collector. the Condensation causes the diffusion processes, which in principle are relatively slow be completely superimposed in stationary operation by the condensation effect. This condensate30n corresponds to its course of condensation a technical evaporation system with an indirectly operated condenser.

While the condensate of the technical evaporation system is usually is discarded or further processed, there is a cycle effect by renewed Evaporate. The apparatus structure and the functional sequence are from the attached Sketch can be seen as follows: Apparatus structure: The storage vessel (1) is equipped with a Provide steam room. The steam riser pipe (2) is located on the receiving vessel to the collectors (3). The collectors are connected to the Heat consumer (6) connected. The connection line (5) between the capacitor (Heat consumer) and storage container is with a siphon and a non-return valve (8) provided. This check valve is used to automatically regulate the mass flow.

to the evaporation vessel and causes condensation to occur a reversal of what might happen in the opposite direction during start-up Direction of flow of the steam (the direction of flow is reversed when through Evaporation cold in the receiving vessel the temp. Of the receiving vessel below the temp. Des Heat exchanger sinks. what is conceivable during start-up +).

It also prevents liquid from flowing back into the heat exchanger and causes the resulting vacuum in heat consumers during condensation can be used to suck in steam from the evaporation vessel via the collectors will.

The condensate drain lines are a few square millimeters, the steam pipes are several square centimeters thick.

The entire system is except for the receiving vessel and the heat radiation area isolated. A valve (4) is provided for filling and evacuation.

Highly volatile hydrocarbons, organic Compounds such as alcohols, ethers, etc., halogen-water

Claims (3)

Claims 1) A method for obtaining solar heat by Vapor diffusion collectors, characterized in that the used as a heat transfer medium Steam is passed through diffusion processes into a condenser and through here Condensation a continuous cycle - condensation - evaporation - heating - condensation - causes. Here are the heat-carrying steam, the condensate and the live steam largely separated and correspond only to the process technology necessary interfaces iito one another. 2) device for obtaining solar heat by means of an apparatus, those with org. or anorg. Liquids operated with high vapor pressure, thereby characterized in that the construction of the apparatus eo is chosen that the steam with entering Condensation in the stationary state is only moved in one direction. 3) Device according to dependent claim 1, characterized in that for Transport of the steam wicks or other capillary-porous transport aids are used will.