DE2905899A1 - Combined internal combustion and steam engine - has injected water evaporated by residual heat stored from internal combustion - Google Patents

Abstract

The engine has a piston reciprocating in a cylinder. The crown of the piston and the inside of the cylinder head are coated with material (11) of a high specific heat capacity. The material is held in place by thin metal plates (12). After a few combustion cycles the thermal material (11) reaches a high temp. A thermostat (13) then shuts off the fuel and opens injectors (16) through which water is injected on each stroke. The high temperature evaporates the water and the expanding steam performs a further working stroke. When the temp. drops, the thermostat closes the water injectors and restarts the internal combustion cycle.

Description

Eduard. Froramherz
Buchhaldenstrasse 3
7 ^ 80 Sigmaringen

Combined combustion and steam engine

The invention relates to a piston engine in which the pressure on the piston to generate a rotary movement on the crankshaft, occurs both by combustion and by vapor pressure in the same cylinder.

The purpose of the invention is to avoid the high temperatures achieved during combustion immediately on the cylinder head and piston but rather to bind by heating certain components in the cylinder head and piston, and to generate Use steam. This cools the engine from the inside. This increases the efficiency of the internal combustion engine.

In the patent specifications are under the heading: waste heat recovery on internal combustion engines, many types of heat exchangers are known, which are mainly installed in the exhaust system. The steam generated is then used via turbines. However, none of these methods achieve internal engine cooling. They therefore require a complex cooling system.

0 3> ". · 0 3 5/015

The invention is based on the object, through a constant alternation of combustion and evaporation in the cylinder, to cool the engine from the inside. As a result, a cooling system in the usual way can be largely dispensed with. This significantly increases the thermal efficiency.

The object is achieved according to the invention in that a non-thermally conductive material 11 is applied to the piston crown. A thin sheet metal 12 made of a metal with a high melting point is drawn over it. The combustion chamber in the cylinder head is clad in the same way. The thin metal layer 12 is used here at the same time as a cylinder head gasket. The idea can only be applied to fuel injected engines. The mode of operation would be as follows: The combustion in the cylinder causes the thin metal layers 12 on the cylinder head and piston crown to be strongly heated in a few working cycles. A temperature sensor 13 on the metal support 12 on the cylinder head sends the value to an electronic control unit 14. Once the correct temperature has been reached, an electromagnet 15 in the injection line blocks the subsequent fuel injection. At the same time, water is injected into the compressed air via valves 16 as the piston moves downwards. The water is strongly heated by the cylinder and exhaust pipe. The water valves 16 are triggered by the control device 14. The immediate evaporation in the cylinder creates a strong pressure increase in the cylinder and pushes the piston down. Heat is withdrawn from the metal pads 12 on the piston and head. The amount of water injected is determined by the control unit lh depending on the engine load. In irregular rows

030035/0 15 ο

The result is now determined by the control unit 14 in the individual cylinders, whether fuel or cash is injected '. Cooling water and consumption water for steam generation are not separate. Via a flap I7 in the exhaust line, the Temperature can be controlled »

The diesel engine can be used to take over this system with direct injection. Large multi-cylinder rivet engines with a load that is as constant as possible (slow-running stationary Motors) would be the easiest to control. The invention can be expanded further so that with barrel injection, the sucked in air is sucked off the cylinder outer walls 18 and thus prevents heat loss and for cooling contributes. Furthermore, the intake valve control can be changed so that the intake valve via an intermediate lever actuated, is stopped by an electromagnet, also during the upward movement of the piston. This will make for the No force applied to compression. Cold air is sucked in for the combustion cycle. The highest thermal efficiency is possible with extreme short-stroke construction *

The drawings show the following components:

Fig. 1 shows a schematic section through the cylinder and piston without valve arrangement

Fig »2 Scheme of the entire system. The following mean: 13 temperature sensors on metal support Ik electronic control unit

15 Lock in the fuel injection line

16 water spray valve

17 Exhaust flap for cooling water control

19 Cooling water temperature sensor

20 givers for load regulation

030035/0 158 ISMSPECTED,

BATH

Claims (1)

Pa t en t a η sayings: ν 1.1 piston engines with a combined mode of operation, characterized in that that in the same cylinder, combustion and vapor pressure are generated alternately. 2. Piston engines according to claim 1, in which the heat of combustion is not given off directly at the piston crown and cylinder head will. Characterized in that on the piston or cylinder head, or on both parts, a non-thermally conductive Layer is applied over which a thin metal layer (12) is drawn from any material and as Heat accumulator is used for evaporation. 3. Electronic control system according to Fig. 2, characterized in that that it fulfills the operation according to claim 1 and 2, in which it a) regulates and monitors the temperature, b) prevents the fuel injection and the amount of water and water injection at the right time initiates, c) controls the intake air supply hot or cold. k. Piston according to Claims 1 and 2, characterized in that a non-heat-conducting layer (11) is applied to the piston crown and is coated with a metal (12) or material of any desired surface design. & 30035 / 015B 5 · Cylinder head gaskets in various shapes for piston engines according to claims 1 and 2, characterized in that it acts as a seal between the cylinder and the cylinder head and at the same time serve as a heat store for evaporation. 6. Arrangement of the water spray valves (i6) for engines according to Claim 1 and 2, at any point in the cylinder head or cylinder or other engine components. 0 3 00 3 5/01 B