DE28989C - Process for the production of clay from malleable and millable and compact nickel and cobalt - Google Patents
Process for the production of clay from malleable and millable and compact nickel and cobaltInfo
- Publication number
- DE28989C DE28989C DENDAT28989D DE28989DA DE28989C DE 28989 C DE28989 C DE 28989C DE NDAT28989 D DENDAT28989 D DE NDAT28989D DE 28989D A DE28989D A DE 28989DA DE 28989 C DE28989 C DE 28989C
- Authority
- DE
- Germany
- Prior art keywords
- charcoal
- cobalt
- manganese
- malleable
- oxygen
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims description 12
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims description 6
- 229910052803 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims description 6
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 title claims description 6
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims description 6
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 5
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 title 1
- 229910052570 clay Inorganic materials 0.000 title 1
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxygen Chemical compound O=O MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N manganese Chemical compound [Mn] PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbonic acid Chemical compound OC(O)=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229940072033 potash Drugs 0.000 claims description 3
- BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium carbonate Substances [K+].[K+].[O-]C([O-])=O BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000015320 potassium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003610 charcoal Substances 0.000 claims 4
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 2
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminum Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 2
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 claims 2
- -1 calcium zinc Chemical compound 0.000 claims 2
- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 claims 2
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 claims 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims 2
- CNJLMVZFWLNOEP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4,7,7-trimethylbicyclo[4.1.0]heptan-5-one Chemical compound O=C1C(C)CCC2C(C)(C)C12 CNJLMVZFWLNOEP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 208000006558 Dental Calculus Diseases 0.000 claims 1
- 238000005470 impregnation Methods 0.000 claims 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxygen atom Chemical group [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 description 2
- LBFUKZWYPLNNJC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Cobalt(II,III) oxide Chemical compound [Co]=O.O=[Co]O[Co]=O LBFUKZWYPLNNJC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000428 cobalt oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005272 metallurgy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910000480 nickel oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000002035 prolonged Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009877 rendering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002522 swelling Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B23/00—Obtaining nickel or cobalt
- C22B23/02—Obtaining nickel or cobalt by dry processes
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Adornments (AREA)
- Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
Description
KAISERLICHESIMPERIAL
PATENTAMTPATENT OFFICE
KLASSE 40: Hüttenwesen.CLASS 40: Metallurgy.
(Nieder - Oksterreich).(Lower Austria).
Gegenstand dieser Erfindung ist ein neues Verfahren, um Nickel und Kobalt so zu schmelzen, dafs das ausgegossene Metall nicht nur vollkommen schmied- und walzbar, sondern auch compact und blasenfrei ausfällt. Dieses nachstehend beschriebene Verfahren beruht auf der dem geschmolzenen Nickel und Kobalt eigenthümlichen Neigung, sowohl Kohlenstoff als Sauerstoff, und zwar innerhalb gewisser Grenzen beide Stoffe gleichzeitig aufzunehmen. Beim darauf folgenden Erstarren solcher Güsse scheidet sich der gröfste Theil des Sauerstoffes ab, und die erstarrte poröse Metallmasse ist wegen ihres gewonnenen gröfseren oder kleineren Gehaltes an Kohlenstoff meist unschmiedbar. Es ist zwar leicht, durch längeres Schmelzen in Graphittiegeln, besonders unter einer Kohlendecke, den Sauerstoff vorher ganz zu entfernen; der Gufs wird jedoch dadurch desto brüchiger, grauer und gufseisenartiger, je länger er flüssig erhalten wird, weil er infolge dessen immer mehr an Kohlenstoff aufnimmt. Ueberhaupt ist, wenn man in Graphittiegeln schmilzt (und dieselben sind bis jetzt durch kohlenstofffreie Tiegel noch nicht zu ersetzen) und wenn man das Metall nicht durch sauerstoffhaltige Zusätze schützt, die Kohlenstoffaufnahme eine derartig rapide, dafs das Metall stets nur in wenig brauchbarem, sehr kohlenstoffhaltigem und gufseisenartigem Zustand erhalten wird. Aber auch bei Sauerstoffzufuhr erzeugter Gufs, der, wenn er nicht schliefslich unter einer Kohlendecke geschmolzen wird, in hohem Grade zum Steigen und Blasenbilden neigt, hat einen kleinen Kohlenstoffrest, der ihn mehr oder weniger unschmiedbar macht.The subject of this invention is a new process to melt nickel and cobalt in such a way that that the poured metal is not only perfectly malleable and rollable, but also completely malleable is compact and bubble-free. This procedure described below is based on the propensity peculiar to molten nickel and cobalt, both carbon and Oxygen, to be able to absorb both substances at the same time within certain limits. When such castings subsequently solidify, the greater part of the oxygen separates from, and the solidified porous metal mass is larger or smaller because of its obtained Most of the carbon content cannot be forged. It is easy, though, by prolonged melting in graphite crucibles, especially under a coal cover, completely shut off the oxygen beforehand remove; However, this makes the Gufs brittle, gray and cast-iron-like the longer it is kept in liquid form, because as a result it absorbs more and more carbon. At all is when melting in graphite crucibles (and these have so far been carbon-free Crucible not yet to be replaced) and if the metal is not oxygenated Additives protect, the carbon uptake is so rapid that the metal is always only in little usable, very carbonaceous and cast iron-like state is obtained. But also Gufs generated with oxygen supply, which, if it is not finally under a Coal cover is melted, has a high tendency to rise and bubble, has a small carbon residue that makes it more or less inforeable.
Wir haben, um möglichst fehlerfreien Gufs zu erhalten, poröses Nickel und Kobalt mit verschiedenen Körpern, die durch allmälige Sauerstoffabgabe das schmelzende Metall vor dem Aufnehmen von Kohlenstoff schützen, imprägnirt, und haben endlich gefunden, dafs durch Anwendung von mangansaurem oder übermangansaurem Kali oder Natron dieser Zweck am besten erreicht wird.In order to obtain the most flawless Gufs possible, we have included porous nickel and cobalt different bodies, which by gradual release of oxygen in front of the melting metal protect against the uptake of carbon, impregnated, and have finally found that by using manganic or super-manganic potash or soda this purpose is best achieved.
Wir verfahren dabei wie folgt: Reines Nickeloder Kobaltoxyd in Würfelform oder in Stücken wird, und zwar um Schweifsung und Kohlenstoffaufnahme zu vermeiden, bei nur mäfsiger Hitze reducirt. Die so erhaltenen, etwas porösen Würfel werden hierauf mit einer Lösung von mangansaurem oder übermangansaurem Kali oder Natron getränkt; dieselbe soll nicht mehr als 4 pCt. an Salz enthalten.We proceed as follows: Pure nickel or cobalt oxide in cube form or in pieces is, in order to avoid swelling and carbon uptake, with only moderate Heat reduced. The somewhat porous cubes thus obtained are then mixed with a solution soaked in manganic or super-manganic potash or soda; the same should no longer than 4 pCt. contain salt.
Die Würfel werden sodann getrocknet und am besten im Tiegel im Gebläseofen bei sehr starker Hitze geschmolzen, wobei das mangansaure oder übermangansaure Salz die kohlenstoffhaltigen schädlichen Gase im Tiegel unschädlich macht und dabei selbst theilweise reducirt wird, der Gufs aber dehnbar und compact gemacht wird. Die Wirkung des mangansauren oder Übermangansauren Salzes besteht weniger in einer Absorption des Sauerstoffes als in einer Unschädlichmachung des trotz aller Vorsichtsmafsregeln in kleinen Mengen vom Gusse aufgenommenen Kohlenstoffes.The cubes are then dried and preferably in the crucible in the fan oven at very high Melted in high heat, the mango-acid or super-mango-acid salt containing the carbon makes harmful gases in the crucible harmless and is itself partially reduced, but the Gufs is flexible and compact is made. The effect of the manganese acid or super manganese acid salt consists less in an absorption of the oxygen than in a rendering harmless in spite of all precautionary measures in small amounts of Castings of absorbed carbon.
Claims (1)
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
DE28989C true DE28989C (en) |
Family
ID=305198
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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DENDAT28989D Active DE28989C (en) | Process for the production of clay from malleable and millable and compact nickel and cobalt |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
DE (1) | DE28989C (en) |
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0
- DE DENDAT28989D patent/DE28989C/en active Active
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