DE2855666A1 - IC engine exhaust gas driven turbocharger - has gas turbine with unit consisting of rotor, shaft and axially shiftable compressor impeller - Google Patents

IC engine exhaust gas driven turbocharger - has gas turbine with unit consisting of rotor, shaft and axially shiftable compressor impeller

Info

Publication number
DE2855666A1
DE2855666A1 DE19782855666 DE2855666A DE2855666A1 DE 2855666 A1 DE2855666 A1 DE 2855666A1 DE 19782855666 DE19782855666 DE 19782855666 DE 2855666 A DE2855666 A DE 2855666A DE 2855666 A1 DE2855666 A1 DE 2855666A1
Authority
DE
Germany
Prior art keywords
exhaust gas
rotor
impeller
shaft
compressor
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
DE19782855666
Other languages
German (de)
Inventor
Guenter Ing Hagemann
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Volkswagen AG
Original Assignee
Volkswagen AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Volkswagen AG filed Critical Volkswagen AG
Priority to DE19782855666 priority Critical patent/DE2855666A1/en
Publication of DE2855666A1 publication Critical patent/DE2855666A1/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B37/00—Engines characterised by provision of pumps driven at least for part of the time by exhaust
    • F02B37/12—Control of the pumps
    • F02B37/18—Control of the pumps by bypassing exhaust from the inlet to the outlet of turbine or to the atmosphere
    • F02B37/183—Arrangements of bypass valves or actuators therefor
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B37/00—Engines characterised by provision of pumps driven at least for part of the time by exhaust
    • F02B37/12—Control of the pumps
    • F02B37/18—Control of the pumps by bypassing exhaust from the inlet to the outlet of turbine or to the atmosphere
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02C—GAS-TURBINE PLANTS; AIR INTAKES FOR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS; CONTROLLING FUEL SUPPLY IN AIR-BREATHING JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F02C6/00—Plural gas-turbine plants; Combinations of gas-turbine plants with other apparatus; Adaptations of gas-turbine plants for special use
    • F02C6/04—Gas-turbine plants providing heated or pressurised working fluid for other apparatus, e.g. without mechanical power output
    • F02C6/10—Gas-turbine plants providing heated or pressurised working fluid for other apparatus, e.g. without mechanical power output supplying working fluid to a user, e.g. a chemical process, which returns working fluid to a turbine of the plant
    • F02C6/12—Turbochargers, i.e. plants for augmenting mechanical power output of internal-combustion piston engines by increase of charge pressure
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02C—GAS-TURBINE PLANTS; AIR INTAKES FOR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS; CONTROLLING FUEL SUPPLY IN AIR-BREATHING JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F02C9/00—Controlling gas-turbine plants; Controlling fuel supply in air- breathing jet-propulsion plants
    • F02C9/16—Control of working fluid flow
    • F02C9/18—Control of working fluid flow by bleeding, bypassing or acting on variable working fluid interconnections between turbines or compressors or their stages
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
    • Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Supercharger (AREA)

Abstract

The turbo-charger assembly contains an exhaust gas turbine in whose casing is mounted a rotor (3) firmly coupled via a shaft (4) to an impeller (5) of a compressor. The speed of the turbo-charger is controlled in dependence on the charging pressure. i.e. the exhaust gas volume supplied to the turbine rotor. The control device has a piston (16) engaged by the charging pressure against a force of a spring assembly in axial turbine direction for changing the exhaust gas bypass gap between the rotor and a casing wall. The unit consisting of the rotor shaft and compressor impeller (5) is axially shiftable. The piston is formed by the compressor housing.

Description

Abgasturbolader für eine Brennkraftmaschine Exhaust gas turbocharger for an internal combustion engine

Die Erfindung betrifft einen Abgasturbolader gemäß dem Oberbegriff des Patentanspruchs. Ein in dieser Weise ausgebildeter Abgasturbolader, wie er im Prinzip aus der DE-OS 26 33 587, F023 37/00, bekannt ist, bietet gegenüber den üblichen, mit besonderen Ventilen im Wege der Abgasströmung ausgerüsteten Abgasturboladern insofern Vorteile, als keine thermisch und korrosionsmäßig hoch beanspruchten Ventile oder dergleichen vorgesehen zu werden brauchen. Im Wege der heißen und starken Abgasströmung angeordnete Ventile haben nicht nur eine geringe Lebensdauer, sondern können auch kaum eine einwandfreie Abdichtung bewirken.The invention relates to an exhaust gas turbocharger according to the preamble of the claim. An exhaust gas turbocharger designed in this way, as it is in Principle from DE-OS 26 33 587, F023 37/00, is known, offers compared to the usual, exhaust gas turbochargers equipped with special valves by way of the exhaust gas flow advantages in that there are no valves that are subject to high thermal and corrosion stresses or the like need to be provided. In the way of the hot and strong exhaust gas flow arranged valves not only have a short service life, but can also hardly produce a perfect seal.

Die Regeleinrichtung in dem aus der genannten Offenlegungsschrift bekannten Abgasturbolader enthält als wesentlichen Bestandteil einen rohrförmigen Ablaßschieber im Abgasauslaß, dessen dem Laufrad der Abgasturbine zugekehrte Stirnfläche eine Gehäusewand bildet; durch Längsverschiebung dieses Ablaßschiebers kann der Spalt zwischen der so gebildeten Gehäusewand einerseits und dem Laufrad der Abgasturbine andererseits verändert werden, wodurch ein veränderlicher Bypass zu dem Laufrad entsteht. Das dem Laufrad abgekehrte Ende des Ablaßschiebers der bekannten Konstruktion ist verbunden mit einem Kolben, dessen eine Seite vom Lade druck beaufschlagt wird, während auf seiner anderen Seite eine Vorspannfeder aufliegt. Durch Wahl der durch diese erzeugten Vorspannkraft läßt sich also ein vorgegebener Wert des Ladrucks einstellen, der durch entsprechende Regelung des Querschnitts des Abgas-Bypass-Spalts und damit der Drehzahl des Abgasturboläders eingehalten wird.The control device in the published patent application cited known exhaust gas turbocharger contains a tubular as an essential component Drain slide in the exhaust outlet, whose end face facing the impeller of the exhaust gas turbine forms a housing wall; by longitudinal displacement of this outlet slide can Gap between the housing wall formed in this way on the one hand and the impeller of the exhaust gas turbine on the other hand, can be changed, creating a variable bypass to the impeller arises. The end of the drain slide facing away from the impeller the known construction is connected to a piston, one side of which is from the drawer pressure is applied, while a biasing spring rests on its other side. By choosing the pre-tensioning force generated by this, a predetermined one can be used Set the value of the boost pressure by regulating the cross-section accordingly of the exhaust gas bypass gap and thus the speed of the exhaust gas turbocharger is observed will.

Auch dieser bekannte Abgasturbolader verwendet aber im Rahmen der Regeleinrichtung im Wege der heißen Abgasströmung liegende, zusätzliche Mittel in Gestalt des rohrförmigen Ablaßschiebers. Der Erfindung liegt demgegenüber die Aufgabe zugrunde, einen Abgasturbolader gemäß dem Oberbegriff des Patentanspruchs so auszubilden, daß keine zusätzlichen verschiebbaren oder bewegbaren Teile in der Abgasströmung zur Ladedruckregelung erforderlich sind. Die erfindungsgemäße Lösung dieser Aufgabe ist gekennzeichnet durch die Merkmale des Patentanspruchs.However, this known exhaust gas turbocharger is also used in the context of Control device in the way of the hot exhaust gas flow, additional means in Shape of the tubular drain valve. In contrast, the object of the invention is to be found based on the design of an exhaust gas turbocharger according to the preamble of the claim, that no additional displaceable or movable parts in the exhaust gas flow are required for boost pressure control. The inventive solution to this problem is characterized by the features of the claim.

Die Erfindung erfordert also keine zusätzlichen beweglichen Teile; vielmehr wird die ohnehin vorhandene, das Laufrad, die Welle und den Läufer umfassende Baueinheit relativ zu den ortsfesten Gehäusen verschiebbar gelagert. Der Kolben befindet sich im Bereich des Verdichters, ist also ebenfalls nicht hohen Temperaturen oder einer korrosionsfördernden Strömung ausgesetzt.The invention therefore does not require any additional moving parts; rather, the existing one, the impeller, the shaft and the runner, is comprehensive Assembly mounted displaceably relative to the stationary housings. The piston is located in the area of the compressor, so it is also not high temperatures or exposed to a corrosive flow.

Ein Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung zeigt in einem Längsschnitt die Figur.An embodiment of the invention is shown in a longitudinal section The figure.

Die Abgasturbine ist allgemein mit 1, der Verdichter ist allgemein mit 2 bezeichnet; das Laufrad 3 der Abgasturbine 1 ist über die Welle 4 starr gekuppelt mit dem Läufer 5 des Verdichters 2. Das Laufrad 3 ist umgeben von dem Gehäuse 6 der Abgasturbine; dementsprechend findet sich bei 7 ein Gehäuse zur Aufnahme des Läufers 5 des Verdichters. In das Gehäuse 6 ist die allgemein mit 8 bezeichnete Abgas zuführung eingeformt; die Abgase verlassen nach Durchsetzen der Schaufeln des Laufrads 3 die Abgasturbine über die Auslaßleitung 9. Dem Verdichter 2 wird über die Leitung 10 Luft bzw. ein Kraftstoff-Luft-Gemisch zugeführt, das über Leitungen 11 der Brennkraftmaschine zugeleitet wird.The exhaust gas turbine is generally numbered 1, the compressor is general denoted by 2; the impeller 3 of the exhaust gas turbine 1 is rigidly coupled via the shaft 4 with the rotor 5 of the compressor 2. The impeller 3 is surrounded by the housing 6 the exhaust turbine; accordingly, at 7 there is a housing for receiving the Rotor 5 of the compressor. In the housing 6 is generally designated 8 Molded exhaust gas supply; the exhaust gases leave after enforcement of the blades of the impeller 3, the exhaust gas turbine via the outlet line 9. The compressor 2 is supplied via line 10 air or a fuel-air mixture, the is fed via lines 11 of the internal combustion engine.

Die aus den Teilen 3, 4 und 5 bestehende Baueinheit ist bei 12 um ihre Achse 13 drehbar gelagert. Der Antrieb erfolgt durch die Energie der Abgase, die das Laufrad 3 in Drehung versetzen. Die Drehzahl des Abgasturboladers ist bekanntlich ein Maß für den Ladedruck in der Leitung 11. Zur Begrenzung des Ladedrucks ist es erforderlich, die auf das Laufrad 3 einwirkende Abgasmenge zu verringern. Dies geschieht erfindungsgemäß dadurch, daß der Abgas-Bypass-Spalt 14 zwischen dem Laufrad 3 einerseits und der Gehäusewand 15 andererseits durch Verschieben des Laufrads 3 in Richtung der Achse 13 verändert wird, so daß bei einem zu hohen Ladedruck dieser Spalt 14 vergrößert, andernfalls der Spalt verkleinert wird.The assembly consisting of parts 3, 4 and 5 is 12 µm their axis 13 rotatably mounted. It is driven by the energy of the exhaust gases, which set the impeller 3 in rotation. The speed of the exhaust gas turbocharger is known a measure of the boost pressure in line 11. It is used to limit the boost pressure required to reduce the amount of exhaust gas acting on the impeller 3. this happens according to the invention in that the exhaust gas bypass gap 14 between the impeller 3 on the one hand and the housing wall 15 on the other hand by moving the impeller 3 in the direction the axis 13 is changed, so that if the boost pressure is too high, this gap 14 enlarged, otherwise the gap is reduced.

Die beschriebenen Verschiebebewegungen des Laufrads 3 relativ zu der Gehäusewand 15 werden hervorgerufen durch den zugleich den Deckring darstellenden Kolben 16 im Bereich des Verdichters 2, der innerhalb der Gehäuseausnehmung 17 dicht und in Richtung der Achse 13 verschiebbar gelagert sowie in Achsrichtung fest, aber Relativdrehungen zulassend mit dem Läufer 5 des Verdichters verbunden ist. Die in der Figur linke Fläche 18 des Kolbens 16 ist vom Ladedruck beaufschlagt, während auf die in der Figur rechte Fläche 19 des Kolbens die Kraft der Vorspannfeder 20 einwirkt, so daß eine Einregelung auf einen vorgegebenen Wert des Ladedrucks erfolgt.The displacement movements of the impeller 3 described relative to the Housing wall 15 are caused by the cover ring which is at the same time Piston 16 in the area of the compressor 2, which is tight within the housing recess 17 and mounted displaceably in the direction of the axis 13 and fixed in the axial direction, but Relative rotations permitting is connected to the rotor 5 of the compressor. In the the figure left surface 18 of the piston 16 is acted upon by the boost pressure, while the force of the pretensioning spring 20 acts on the surface 19 of the piston on the right in the figure acts so that an adjustment to a predetermined value of the boost pressure takes place.

Verständlicherweise ist es grundsätzlich möglich, weitere Steuer-oder Regeldrücke auf den Kolben 16 einwirken zu lassen.Understandably, it is in principle possible to further tax or Allow control pressures to act on the piston 16.

Claims (1)

Patentanspruch Abgasturbolader für eine Brennkraftmaschine, enthaltend eine Abgasturbine mit einem von einem Gehäuse aufgenommenen Laufrad, das über eine Welle drehfest verbunden ist mit einem Läufer eines Verdichters, sowie eine zur ladedruckabhängigen Regelung der Drehzahl des Abgasturboladers über die dem Laufrad zugeführte Abgasmenge dienende Einrichtung, die über einen einseitig vom Ladedruck entgegen der Kraft einer Federanordnung beaufschlagten Kolben in Achsrichtung der Abgasturbine bewegbare Mittel zur Änderung eines Abgas-Bypas 5- Spalts zwischen dem Laufrad und einer Wand seines Gehäuses enthält, dadurch gçkemlzeichnet, daß die aus Laufrad (3), Welle (4) und Läufer (5) bestehende Einheit in Achsrichtung (13) verschiebbar gelagert und der Kolben (16) durch den Deckring des Verdichters (2) gebildet ist. Claim containing exhaust gas turbocharger for an internal combustion engine an exhaust gas turbine with an impeller received by a housing, which has a Shaft is rotatably connected to a rotor of a compressor, as well as one for Boost pressure-dependent regulation of the speed of the exhaust gas turbocharger via that of the impeller supplied exhaust gas quantity serving device, which has a one-sided from the boost pressure against the force of a spring arrangement acted upon piston in the axial direction of the Exhaust gas turbine movable means for changing an exhaust gas bypass 5 gap between contains the impeller and a wall of its housing, characterized in that the unit consisting of impeller (3), shaft (4) and rotor (5) in the axial direction (13) slidably mounted and the piston (16) through the cover ring of the compressor (2) is formed.
DE19782855666 1978-12-22 1978-12-22 IC engine exhaust gas driven turbocharger - has gas turbine with unit consisting of rotor, shaft and axially shiftable compressor impeller Withdrawn DE2855666A1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19782855666 DE2855666A1 (en) 1978-12-22 1978-12-22 IC engine exhaust gas driven turbocharger - has gas turbine with unit consisting of rotor, shaft and axially shiftable compressor impeller

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19782855666 DE2855666A1 (en) 1978-12-22 1978-12-22 IC engine exhaust gas driven turbocharger - has gas turbine with unit consisting of rotor, shaft and axially shiftable compressor impeller

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
DE2855666A1 true DE2855666A1 (en) 1980-07-03

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DE19782855666 Withdrawn DE2855666A1 (en) 1978-12-22 1978-12-22 IC engine exhaust gas driven turbocharger - has gas turbine with unit consisting of rotor, shaft and axially shiftable compressor impeller

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Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4418537A (en) * 1980-12-24 1983-12-06 Nippon Soken, Inc. Supercharger for an internal combustion engine
DE4025567A1 (en) * 1990-08-11 1992-02-13 Daimler Benz Ag Gas turbine with by=pass - has gas flow fed during no-load running in by=pass past useful output turbine
DE10238527B4 (en) * 2002-08-22 2008-07-31 Robert Bosch Gmbh Electrically operated flow compressor with bypass function
DE102014212318A1 (en) * 2014-06-26 2015-12-31 Continental Automotive Gmbh turbocharger
CZ306689B6 (en) * 2015-08-20 2017-05-10 České vysoké učení technické v Praze, Fakulta strojní, Centrum vozidel udržitelné mobility Josefa Božka A radially axial centripetal turbine with a rotor with a variable output part
US20190264603A1 (en) * 2016-09-14 2019-08-29 Cpt Group Gmbh Turbocharger For An Internal Combustion Engine

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4418537A (en) * 1980-12-24 1983-12-06 Nippon Soken, Inc. Supercharger for an internal combustion engine
DE4025567A1 (en) * 1990-08-11 1992-02-13 Daimler Benz Ag Gas turbine with by=pass - has gas flow fed during no-load running in by=pass past useful output turbine
DE10238527B4 (en) * 2002-08-22 2008-07-31 Robert Bosch Gmbh Electrically operated flow compressor with bypass function
DE102014212318A1 (en) * 2014-06-26 2015-12-31 Continental Automotive Gmbh turbocharger
CZ306689B6 (en) * 2015-08-20 2017-05-10 České vysoké učení technické v Praze, Fakulta strojní, Centrum vozidel udržitelné mobility Josefa Božka A radially axial centripetal turbine with a rotor with a variable output part
US20190264603A1 (en) * 2016-09-14 2019-08-29 Cpt Group Gmbh Turbocharger For An Internal Combustion Engine
US10883418B2 (en) * 2016-09-14 2021-01-05 Cpt Group Gmbh Turbocharger for an internal combustion engine

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