DE2802315A1 - DEVICE FOR PERFORATING LINES OF WRAPPING MATERIAL FOR CIGARETTES OR OTHER ROD-SHAPED SMOKING ARTICLES - Google Patents

Description

Stw .: cigarette paper perforate-electrically-spark gap series Bergedorf, January 18, 1978 - A 1511

Device for perforating webs of wrapping material for cigarettes or other stick-shaped smoking articles

The invention relates to a device for perforating Sheets of wrapping material for cigarettes or other rod-shaped smoking articles, in which several pairs of electrodes are provided, each of which has two opposing electrodes on different sides of a moving path are arranged, the electrodes with a high voltage pulse emitting high voltage source are connected so that between the opposing electrodes of the electrode pairs Flashing perforating sparks. In the production of so-called light cigarettes it is ensured that secondary air is supplied to the smoke, which air flows from the atmosphere through the envelope into the interior of the cigarette flows. For this purpose, either the cigarette paper that wraps the tobacco in the tobacco rod, or the tipping paper, through the the wrapped tobacco rod is connected to a filter plug, perforated to create secondary air channels. It is known from US Pat. No. 3,475,591 to provide a series of electrodes on one side of a strip of cigarette paper, which are connected in parallel with a high voltage source and subjected to voltage pulses. The perforating discharge sparks strike a common counter-electrode. This type of electrode circuit has the disadvantage that the holes achieved are relatively small and have uneven cross-sections.

The object on which the invention is based is to produce uniform holes in a path, whereby the holes if necessary have relatively large cross-sections> G> inen,

90 & S3Ü / 011S

Stw .: cigarette paper perforate-electrically-spark gap series Bergedorf, January 18, 1978 - A 1511

According to the invention, this object is achieved in that the electrodes of several electrode pairs are connected in series are such that the current triggered by a high-voltage pulse flows through the electrode pairs one behind the other, wherein it flows through the spaces between the electrodes of an electrode pair in a spark discharge. According to a development of the invention, the series connection can be designed so that the current from the electrodes arranged on one side of the track of the individual electrode pairs in each case flows to the electrodes of the electrode pairs arranged on the other side of the web. However, it is also one Series connection possible, in which the current flows through the spaces between the electrodes of two electrodes one behind the other Electrode pairs flowing through in different directions.

When perforating webs of the type described above, it may be desirable to have a large number of perforations in one or more To bring in traces in the railway. It can then be problematic to arrange enough electrodes next to one another. According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, this problem is solved in that the electrode pairs one, preferably have a constant distance from one another both in the conveying direction of the web and across it. The distance between the electrodes each other can then easily be kept so large that no flashovers occur between the electrodes. In order to avoid deposits of paper removed from the holes, it can be advantageous in a further development of the invention be able to temporarily change the polarity of the applied voltage. A suitable material for the electrodes is Spark plug material for Otto engines.

In the production of light cigarettes, their wrapping paper Has perforations for the inlet of secondary air, it is particularly important to adjust the ratio of the secondary air flow to the

30/01 IS

Stw .: cigarette paper perforate-electrically-spark gap series Bergedorf, January 18, 1978 - A 1511

Keep the total air flow constant. According to a further training According to the invention, therefore, a control arrangement is provided for the hole cross-sections produced by the series connection of electrodes. The control arrangement can determine the frequency of the high-voltage pulses supplied to the electrode series circuit control, so that the porosity of the web can be influenced by more or less holes generated in the unit of time. The tax arrangement but can also control the cross-sections of individual holes, for which purpose, for example, the frequency is increased so much, that the path has moved so little between two discharges that the second discharge spark still through the through the The hole generated by the first spark passes through it and enlarges it. Another control option is a Arrangement that switches one or more pairs of electrodes on or off.

The control arrangement described above can be advantageous from the output signal of a test device for the Control the porosity of cigarettes, which is advantageous if the porosity of the fed web remains constant There may be fluctuations in the degree of ventilation as a result of the manufacture of the cigarettes. It can also be an influencing factor the control arrangement as a function of the web speed and / or the initial porosity of a web.

The frequency of conventional high-voltage sources that emit currents of sufficient strength is usually limited. The for however, the frequency available to the electrode series connection can be increased by using individual pulse generators be connected in parallel and successive high-voltage pulses to the electrode series connection.

909830/0118

Stw .: cigarette paper perforate-electrically-spark gap series Bergedorf, January 18, 1978 - A 1511

The advantage achieved by the invention is that the holes made by the individual pairs of electrodes become even. Because of the relatively large overall distance All electrodes (sum of the individual electrode distances) can be worked with high voltages, with larger ones Holes can be formed as with the relatively small voltages for parallel electrode connections.

90 * 830/0116

Deputy: cigarette paper perforating-electrically-dot line series Bergedorf, January 18, 1978 - A 1511

The invention is explained in more detail using exemplary embodiments.

Show it :

Figure 1 shows a perforation device with a control of the effective hole cross-sections by influencing the frequency of the applied high voltage,

FIG. 2 shows a perforation device with a control of the effective hole cross-sections by switching on or off of electrodes and with a periodic switching of the polarity of the applied high voltage,

FIG. 3 shows a web of tipping paper for cigarettes with electrodes offset in the direction of web conveyance and transversely thereto.

909S30 / 01 te

Stw .: cigarette paper perforate-electrically-spark gap series Bergedorf, January 18, 1978 - A 1511

In Figure 1, the electrodes 1 a .. ·. 10a and 1a '... 1Oa' of two groups of electrode pairs 1 ... 10 and 1 · ... 10 'arranged on one side a of the web 13 moving in the direction of arrow 12, while the associated counter-electrodes 1b ... 10b or 1b '... 1Ob ^{1 are arranged} on the other side b of the web 13. The web 13 consists, for example, of a paper connecting strip from which pieces are cut off with which filter plugs are glued to cigarettes on a so-called filter attachment machine. In principle, however, the web can also consist of a wrapping strip into which tobacco, for example cut tobacco, is wrapped in order to form cigarettes or other rod-shaped tobacco articles, or filter material in order to form filaments. All electrodes of the electrode pairs 1 ... 10 and 1 '... 1O ¹ are connected in series, each series connection being supplied with high voltage pulses from a high voltage source 14 or 14'. The high-voltage sources essentially consist of pulse generators 14.1 ... 14.4 or 14.1 'connected in parallel and 16.1 ^f ... 16.4 ') and a high-voltage ignition coil 17.1 ... 17-4 or 17.1 ¹ ... 17.4' with transformer effect, which are connected to the busbar via high-voltage diodes 18.1 ... 18.4 or 18.1 ... 18.4 ¹ 19 or 19 * and from there to the electrodes 1a and 1a ¹ , respectively. Suitable circuits according to 16.1 ... 16.4 and 16.1 '... 16.4 · are sold by Robert Bosch GmbH under the designation "ThyristorZündanlage ¹¹ with the order number 0227200 005-000. Ignition coils according to 17.1 ... 17.4 and 17.1 '... 17.4 ¹ are sold by the company mentioned under order no. 0221121 005-000.

Figure 3 shows the arrangement of the electrodes 1a ... 10a and 1a '... 10a ¹ , both in the conveying direction of the web 13 and

90S830 / 0 1IS

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Stw .: cigarette paper perforate-electrically-spark gap series Bergedorf, January 18, 1978 - A 1511

are offset transversely to it.

The control of the pulse generator takes place as a function of two control signals that are sent to a multiplier 21. At its input a there is a signal that is proportional to the belt speed, while at input b there is a signal is that the difference amplified in amplifier 23 from a setpoint signal for the degree of ventilation (given by Setpoint generator 24) and an actual value signal (emitted by a test drum 26 for the degree of ventilation) at the comparison point 27 is formed. Under the term "Ventilationsgrad" one understands the ratio of the secondary air flow, that of the natural and possibly artificially created porosity the envelope gets into the interior of a cigarette, to the total air flow. The degree of ventilation can be recorded by a test drum, such as that in the German patent application P 27 34 643.6 is described. The output signal from 21 is applied to a voltage-frequency converter 28, which emits an output signal with a frequency corresponding to the input voltage. This signal is fed to an input a of a counter 29 which successively connects the individual pulse generators 14.1 ... 14.4 and 14.1 '... 14.4' controls according to the output signals appearing one after the other at its outputs b ... e and in each case for delivery caused by a high voltage pulse. The high-voltage pulses arrive via the busbar 19 or 19 'to the Electrode series connections 1 ... 10 or 1 '... 10'. The current triggered by a high voltage pulse flows through the electrode pairs 1 ... 10 resp. 1 · ... 10 ', between the electrodes of an electrode pair flows over a spark gap and thereby causes holes in the web 13.

309330 / Cn 18

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Stw .: cigarette paper perforate-electrically-spark gap series Bergedorf, January 18, 1978 - A 1511

The hole cross-sections and thus the porosity are determined by the frequency of the signal fed to the counter 29, which - at a constant web speed - depends on the magnitude of the degree of ventilation. If this value of the degree of ventilation deviates undesirably from a predetermined value, changing the frequency of the high-voltage pulses fed to the electrodes ensures that the porosity is influenced in such a way that the value of the degree of ventilation approaches the target value again. If the frequency is increased beyond a certain level, the hole cross-sections can be increased in that discharges occur several times through the same hole, thereby enlarging it. ^In the arrangement shown, the current flows in such a way that the direction of the current through the paper is opposite in the case of electrode pairs through which the flow passes in direct succession, i.e. with electrode pair 1 the current flows from electrode 1a to electrode 1b, while with electrode pair 2 the current flows in the opposite direction from electrode pair 1b to electrode pair 1a flows. A suitable electrode material is the material used to manufacture spark plugs in Otto engines.

The variant of the invention according to FIG. 2 differs from the embodiment according to FIG. 1 primarily by one Another type of control of the hole cross-sections, which is effected by connecting or disconnecting one or more electrodes. It also has a switching arrangement for periodically switching the polarity of the high-voltage pulses supplied on. The circuit elements of FIG. 2, which correspond to similar circuit elements in FIG. 1, are identical Reference numerals, increased by 100, are designated and no longer special explained. For the sake of simplicity, only six electrode pairs have been provided instead of ten electrode pairs.

§03830 / 011 $

Deputy: Cigarette paper perforate-electrically-spark gap series Bergedorf, January 18, 1978 - A 1511

The comparison junction 127, in which the output signal of the test drum 126 for the measured value corresponding to the degree of ventilation and the setpoint signal from setpoint generator 124 are compared is followed by a control device, e.g. a threshold value element 141 with four outputs a ... d. Any output signal is fed to a high-voltage relay I42a ... i42d. Becomes a When a control pulse is applied to the high-voltage relay, it closes its contact, so that the following electrode (with relay 142a e.g. electrode 102b) becomes potential-free and a flashover from the counter electrode (in example 102a) cannot occur. The setting of the threshold values is like this made that with a small signal at input e of the threshold value element 141 »which is a small deviation of the Ventilation level corresponds to the desired value, an output signal is only given at one output, e.g. a, and is fed to a high-voltage relay, while in the event of a greater deviation from another output (e.g. b) on Another signal applied to another high-voltage relay, etc., so that up to four electrodes are disabled can be. When reducing the deviation, i.e. reducing the signal present at input e of 141, signals disappear at one or more outputs a ... d, so that electrodes are switched on again. In this way, the effective overall hole cross-sections can simply be thereby can be controlled that the number of hole tracks is changed.

The electrodes of the electrode pairs 101 ... 106 are thereby always flows through in the same direction, i.e. the current always flows from the electrode 10ia ... 106a - in relation to the track in the same direction to the counter electrodes i0ib ... 106b.

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809830/011 $

Stw .: cigarette paper perforate-electrically-spark gap series Bergedorf, January 18, 1978 - A 1511

High-voltage relays 143a ... 143d, two of which (I43a and 143b as well as 143c and 143d) have the same holding states, are used to periodically switch the polarity of the high voltage fed to the busbar 119, which can be beneficial for avoiding or reducing deposits. In response to a control signal from the control arrangement 144, the high-voltage relays 143 jointly change their switching states, as a result of which the polarity at the electrodes 101a... 106a is reversed. The control signal for the control arrangement 144 can be fed via line 146 and, for example, represent a clock signal for _s the clock rate of a filter attachment machine on which the web 113 is processed by cutting and gluing around a cigarette and a filter plug. This would then mean that the polarity is switched automatically after each cycle.

This clock signal is also fed to a frequency multiplier and from there to a counter 129 at its outputs again to control signals for the pulse generator 114.1 ... 114.4 are delivered, as is described in detail with reference to FIG.

Claims (14)

works körber * co. kg. Hamburg Bergedorf, January 18, 1978 Patent Hi./Mo.- 28023 IS Stw .: Cigarette paper perforating-electrically-spark gap series Hauni files 1511 patent claims 1. Apparatus for perforating webs of wrapping material for cigarettes or other rod-shaped smoking articles in which several pairs of electrodes are provided, of which two opposing electrodes are arranged on different sides of a moving track, the Electrodes are connected to a high voltage source emitting high voltage pulses so that between the opposing Electrodes of the electrode pairs flash over perforating sparks, characterized in that the electrodes several pairs of electrodes (1 ... 10) are connected in series so that the triggered by a high voltage pulse Current flows through the pairs of electrodes one behind the other, each of the gaps between the electrodes Electrode pair flows through in a spark discharge. 2. The apparatus of claim 1 _t characterized by a series circuit in which the power n of the & £ one side of the web (113) arranged electrodes (iO1a. _E. 106a) of the individual pairs of electrodes (101 ... 106) in each case on the the other side of the path arranged electrodes (iO1b ... 106b) of the electrode pairs flows (Fig. 2). 3. Device according to claim 1, characterized by a series circuit, in which the current flows through the gaps between the electrodes of two consecutively durchfIossener electrode pairs in different directions (Fig _o 1) _O 30 / © 1 ο ο η ο ο ι C Stw.ί Cigarette paper perforating-electrically-spark gap series Bergedorf, January 18, 1978 - A 1511 4. Device according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that the electrode pairs (1 ... 10; 101 ... 110) a, preferably constant, distance from each other both in the conveying direction of the web (13, 113) as also have across it. 5. Device according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized by a reversing arrangement (143, 144) for the polarity of the electrode series connection (101 ... 106) applied high voltage pulses. 6. Device according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that the electrodes from Spark plug material for Otto engines exist. 7. Device according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized by a control arrangement (28, 29; 141 »142) for the hole cross-sections generated by the electrode series connection (1 ... 10). 8. Apparatus according to claim 7, characterized by a die Frequency of the control arrangement (28, 29) which controls the high-voltage pulses fed to the electrode series circuit (1 ... 10). 9. Apparatus according to claim 7 and / or 8, characterized by a control arrangement controlling the cross sections of individual holes 10. The device as claimed in claim 7 is provided by a spark discharge between the electrodes of one or more pairs of sleeves (102 * _a ^ -05} su- or disconnecting 3 expensive items: ru!:. G:. 141 "-42J ₁ 90S830 / 01IS - 3 - Stw .: Cigarette paper perforate-electrically-spark gap series Bergedcrf, January 18, 1978 - A 1511 11. The device according to one or more of claims 7 to 10, characterized by a test device (26; 126) for the porosity of cigarettes at least partially surrounding track sections, the output signal of which the control arrangement (28, 29; 141, 142) in the sense of keeping the porosity constant. 12. Device according to one or more of the preceding Claims, characterized in that the web (13; 113) from There is cigarette paper in which a rod of tobacco is wrapped. 13. Device according to one or more of the preceding Claims, characterized in that the web (13; 113) from There is tipping paper that is glued around these components to attach a filter plug to a cigarette. 14. Device according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that the high voltage source (14, 114) individual pulse generators (14.1 ... 14.4; 14.1 ... 14.4; 114.1 ... 114.4), the successive high-voltage pulses to the electrode series connection. 909830/0116