DE2745408A1 - Demolishing large radioactively contaminated vessels or shielding - by internal blasting explosion after walls have been weakened by local cutting charges - Google Patents

Demolishing large radioactively contaminated vessels or shielding - by internal blasting explosion after walls have been weakened by local cutting charges

Info

Publication number
DE2745408A1
DE2745408A1 DE19772745408 DE2745408A DE2745408A1 DE 2745408 A1 DE2745408 A1 DE 2745408A1 DE 19772745408 DE19772745408 DE 19772745408 DE 2745408 A DE2745408 A DE 2745408A DE 2745408 A1 DE2745408 A1 DE 2745408A1
Authority
DE
Germany
Prior art keywords
explosive
container
charges
radioactively contaminated
shielding
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
DE19772745408
Other languages
German (de)
Inventor
Peter Dipl Ing Groessler
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Airbus Defence and Space GmbH
Original Assignee
Messerschmitt Bolkow Blohm AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Messerschmitt Bolkow Blohm AG filed Critical Messerschmitt Bolkow Blohm AG
Priority to DE19772745408 priority Critical patent/DE2745408A1/en
Publication of DE2745408A1 publication Critical patent/DE2745408A1/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
    • G21D—NUCLEAR POWER PLANT
    • G21D1/00—Details of nuclear power plant
    • G21D1/003—Nuclear facilities decommissioning arrangements
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42D—BLASTING
    • F42D3/00—Particular applications of blasting techniques
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E30/00—Energy generation of nuclear origin

Abstract

Thick-walled vessels esp. reactor vessels, heat exchangers and shielding structures of cast iron or concrete, which have become radio actively contaminated, are broken by first notching or weakening the vessel wall by cutting charges and then producing an internal pressure by an internal charge to force the notched structure apart. This internal bursting pressure may be produced by a flexible explosive, a liq. explosive or damped explosive in the latter case, a liq. such as water or plastics foam may be used for tamping. The min. access to radioactive zones is required for demolition. The arrangement of the initial, external charges can be varied to suit the thickness and strength of the structure.

Description

Verfahren zum Zerlegen starkwandiger Behältnisse, insbesondereMethod for dismantling thick-walled containers, in particular

solcher, die radioaktiv verseucht sind.those that are radioactive.

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zum Zerlegen starkwandiger Behältnisse, insbesondere solcher, die, wie abbruchreife Reaktorkessel, Wärmetauscher und diese abschirmende, aus Gußeisen oder Beton bestehende Schutzgehäuse von Kernkraftwerken, radioaktiv verseucht sind.The invention relates to a method for dismantling thick-walled containers, especially those that, like demolished reactor vessels, heat exchangers and these shielding, cast iron or concrete protective housings of nuclear power plants, are radioactively contaminated.

Es ist bekannt, ausgediente radioaktiv verseuchte Großkomponenten von Kernkraftwerken, wie Reaktorkessel, Wärmetauscher und diese abschirmende Schutzgehäuse aus Gußeisen oder Beton, für einen Abtransport in Schutzbehältern auf mechanische Art und Weise zu zerkleinern. Als nachteilig wird es angesehen, daß hierzu - bedingt durch die großen Abmessungen eines zu zerlegenden Objektes vorerwähnter Art, den die Zugänglichkeit zu diesem erschwerenden konstruktiven Aufbau des Kernkraftwerkes, das aus Strahlungsgründen bestehende Erfordernis einer Fernsteuerung des Zerkleinerungsvorganges und die radioaktive Verseuchung der eingesetzten Werkzeuge - ein immenser Aufwand betrieben werden muß.It is known that large components that have been used up are radioactively contaminated of nuclear power plants, such as reactor boilers, heat exchangers and protective housings protecting them made of cast iron or concrete, for transport in protective containers on mechanical Way to shred. It is considered a disadvantage that this - conditional due to the large dimensions of an object of the aforementioned type to be dismantled, the the accessibility to this aggravating structural structure of the nuclear power plant, the need for remote control of the comminution process for radiation reasons and the radioactive contamination of the tools used - an immense effort must be operated.

Der vorliegenden Erfindung liegt daher die Aufgabe zugrunde, ein weit weniger aufwendiges Verfahren eingangs genannter Gattung zu entwickeln.The present invention is therefore based on the object of a far to develop less complex process of the type mentioned at the beginning.

Diese Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß dadurch gelöst, daß zunächst die Behältniswandung mittels Schneidhohlladungen, Schneidschnüre oder Detonationsschnüre vorgekerbt und anschließend im Behältnisinneren mittels mindestens einer Sprengladung ein solcher Druck erzeugt wird, daß die vorgekerbten Wandungsstellen bersten.This object is achieved in that initially the Container wall by means of hollow cutting charges, cutting cords or Detonation cords pre-notched and then inside the container by means of at least an explosive charge such a pressure is generated that the pre-notched wall points burst.

Mit dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren lassen sich beispielsweise ausgediente Reaktorkessel, Wärmetauscher und diese abschirmende Schutzgehäuse von Kernkraftwerken unter müheloser Einhaltung der Strahlenschutzbestimmungen kontrolliert in Teile zerlegen, und zwar ferngesteuert ohne das Erfordernis aufwendiger Steuerungsmaßnahmen. Dabei ist es ein leichtes, Zerlegungsteile jeder gewünschten Größe zu erzielen. Es brauchen nämlich Anzahl und örtliche Verteilung der Vorkerben nur entsprechend variiert zu werden. Außerdem besteht die vor allem für besonders starke Wandungen interessante Möglichkeit, besagte Vorkerben durch mehrmaliges Anwenden von Schneidhohlladungen Schneidschnüren oder Detonationsschnüren beliebig zu verbreitern und zu vertiefen. Bleibt noch als vorteilhaft zu erwähnen, daß aufgrund der Vorkerbung vergleichsweise niedrige Drücke genügen, um das Bersten des betreffenden Behältnisses an den vorgekerbten Stellen herbeizuführen. Dies wirkt sich in zweierlei Hinsicht positiv aus. Einmal ist der Bedarf an vorzugsweise flexiblem oder flüssigem Sprengstoff für die Ladung zur Berstdruckerzeugung dementsprechend gering. Zum anderen bleibt die Umgebung von übermäßigen Druckstoßbelastungen bewahrt.With the method according to the invention, for example, obsolete Reactor boilers, heat exchangers and protective housings of nuclear power plants that protect them Controlled in parts with effortless compliance with the radiation protection regulations disassemble, remotely controlled without the need for complex control measures. It is easy to achieve dismantling parts of any desired size. Namely, the number and local distribution of the pre-notches only need to be appropriate to be varied. In addition, there is the especially for particularly thick walls interesting possibility, said pre-notches by repeatedly using hollow cutting charges To broaden and deepen cutting cords or detonation cords as desired. It remains to be mentioned as advantageous that due to the notch it is comparative low pressures are sufficient to prevent the container in question from bursting at the pre-scored Establish to bring about. This has two positive effects. Once is the need for preferably flexible or liquid explosives for the cargo accordingly low for generating burst pressure. On the other hand, the environment remains Preserved from excessive pressure surge loads.

Was vorstehend bezüglich Sprengstoffbedarf und Druckstoßbelastung ausgeführt wurde, gilt in noch stärkerem Maße dann, wenn gemäß ausgestaltenden Erfindungsmerkmalen die Sprengladung bzw.What about explosives requirements and pressure surge loading above has been carried out, applies to an even greater extent if according to the design features of the invention the explosive charge or

Sprengladungen zur Erzeugung des Berstdruckes im Behältnisinneren verdämmt werden, beispielsweise durch Ausfüllen desselben mit Wasser oder schäumbaren Kunststoff.Explosive charges for generating the bursting pressure inside the container be dammed, for example by filling it with water or foamable Plastic.

Als erwähnenswert erweist sich schließlich noch folgendes: Wird beispielsweise ein ausgedienter Reaktorkessel eines Kernkraftwerkes auf herkömmliche Art mittels mechanischer Schneidwerkzeuge oder Schneidbrennern zerlegt, gelangt eine Vielzahl radioaktiver Partikeln aus den Schnittzonen in die Umgebung und trägt zu einer zusätzlichen Strahlenbelastung derselben bei.Finally, the following also turns out to be worth mentioning: For example a disused reactor boiler of a nuclear power plant in the conventional way by means of disassembled mechanical cutting tools or cutting torches, a multitude arrives radioactive particles from the cutting zones into the environment and contributes to an additional Radiation exposure of the same.

Diese Strahlenbelastung tritt beim erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren nicht mehr in Erscheinung, da hier der Berstvorgang ohne nennenswerte Bildung solcher radioaktiver Partikeln vor sich geht.This radiation exposure does not occur in the method according to the invention more evident, since here the bursting process without any noteworthy formation of such radioactive particles going on.

(Scherbruch)(Shear fracture)

Claims (6)

Verfahren zum Zerlegen starkwandiger Behältnisse, insbesondere solcher, die radioaktiv verseucht sind.Process for dismantling thick-walled containers, in particular those that are radioactively contaminated. Patentansprüche 1. Verfahren zum Zerlegen starkwandiger Behältnisse, insbesondere solcher, die wie abbruchreife Reaktorkessel, Wärmetauscher und diese abschirmende, aus Gußeisen oder Beton bestehende Schutzgehäuse von Kernkraftwerken, radioaktiv verseucht sind, dadurch g e k e n n z e i c h -n e t , daß zunächst die Behältniswandung mittels Schneidhohlladungen, Schneidschnüre oder Detonationsschnüre vorgekerbt und anschließend im Behältnisinneren mittels mindestens einer Sprengladung ein solcher Druck erzeugt wird, daß die vorgekerbten Wandungsstellen bersten. Claims 1. A method for dismantling thick-walled containers, in particular those such as demolished reactor vessels, heat exchangers and these shielding, cast iron or concrete protective housings of nuclear power plants, are radioactively contaminated, as a result of the fact that initially the Container wall by means of hollow cutting charges, cutting cords or detonation cords pre-notched and then inside the container by means of at least one explosive charge such a pressure is generated that the pre-notched wall points burst. 2. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch g e k e n n -z e i c h n e t , daß für die Sprengladung bzw. Sprengladungen zur Erzeugung des Berstdruckes im Behältnisinneren flexibler Sprengstoff verwendet wird.2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that g e k e n n -z e i c h n e t that for the explosive charge or explosive charges to generate the bursting pressure in Flexible explosives inside the container is used. 3. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch g e k e n n -z e i c h n e t , daß für die Sprengladung bzw. Sprengladungen zur Erzeugung des Berstdruckes im Behältnisinneren flüssiger Sprengstoff verwendet wird.3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that g e k e n n -z e i c h n e t that for the explosive charge or explosive charges to generate the bursting pressure in Inside the container liquid explosive is used. 4. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch g e k e n n z e i c h n e t , daß die Sprengladung bzw.4. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized g e k e n n S e i n e t that the explosive charge resp. Sprengladungen zur Erzeugung des Berstdruckes im Behältnisinneren verdämmt werden. Explosive charges for generating the bursting pressure inside the container be damned. 5. Verfahren nach Anspruch 4, dadurch g e k e n n -z e i c h n e t , daß zur Verdämmung das Behältnisinnere mit einer Flüssigkeit wie Wasser gefüllt wird.5. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that g e k e n n -z e i c h n e t that for damming the inside of the container is filled with a liquid such as water will. 6. Verfahren nach Anspruch 4, dadurch g e k e n n -z e i c h n e t , daß zur Verdämmung das Behältnisinnere mit schäumbarem Kunststoff gefüllt wird.6. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that g e k e n n -z e i c h n e t that for damming the inside of the container is filled with foamable plastic.
DE19772745408 1977-10-08 1977-10-08 Demolishing large radioactively contaminated vessels or shielding - by internal blasting explosion after walls have been weakened by local cutting charges Pending DE2745408A1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19772745408 DE2745408A1 (en) 1977-10-08 1977-10-08 Demolishing large radioactively contaminated vessels or shielding - by internal blasting explosion after walls have been weakened by local cutting charges

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19772745408 DE2745408A1 (en) 1977-10-08 1977-10-08 Demolishing large radioactively contaminated vessels or shielding - by internal blasting explosion after walls have been weakened by local cutting charges

Publications (1)

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DE2745408A1 true DE2745408A1 (en) 1979-04-12

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Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2473402A1 (en) * 1980-01-15 1981-07-17 Alsetex Armement Etud Pyrotechnical process for splitting concrete slab - uses chain of explosive charges with inverted V=section at definite centres along cut line
FR2524367A1 (en) * 1982-04-01 1983-10-07 Commissariat Energie Atomique TELEMANIPULAR DEVICE FOR CUTTING TOLES AND TUBES IN HAZARDOUS ATMOSPHERE
DE3307060A1 (en) * 1983-03-01 1984-09-06 Battelle-Institut E.V., 6000 Frankfurt METHOD FOR THE BLASTING DISASSEMBLY OF THICK-WALLED STEEL CONTAINERS
EP0248286A1 (en) * 1986-06-02 1987-12-09 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Method and system for wet-decommissioning radioactively contaminated or activated components of nuclear reactor plants
WO1997021903A1 (en) * 1995-12-11 1997-06-19 Weatherford/Lamb, Inc. Apparatus and method for forming a window or an outline thereof in the casing of a cased wellbore

Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2473402A1 (en) * 1980-01-15 1981-07-17 Alsetex Armement Etud Pyrotechnical process for splitting concrete slab - uses chain of explosive charges with inverted V=section at definite centres along cut line
FR2524367A1 (en) * 1982-04-01 1983-10-07 Commissariat Energie Atomique TELEMANIPULAR DEVICE FOR CUTTING TOLES AND TUBES IN HAZARDOUS ATMOSPHERE
EP0091350A1 (en) * 1982-04-01 1983-10-12 Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique Remotely manipulable device for cutting plates and tubes in dangerous surroundings
DE3307060A1 (en) * 1983-03-01 1984-09-06 Battelle-Institut E.V., 6000 Frankfurt METHOD FOR THE BLASTING DISASSEMBLY OF THICK-WALLED STEEL CONTAINERS
WO1984003556A1 (en) * 1983-03-01 1984-09-13 Battelle Institut E V Method for breaking up a thick wall container by using an explosion technique
EP0248286A1 (en) * 1986-06-02 1987-12-09 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Method and system for wet-decommissioning radioactively contaminated or activated components of nuclear reactor plants
WO1997021903A1 (en) * 1995-12-11 1997-06-19 Weatherford/Lamb, Inc. Apparatus and method for forming a window or an outline thereof in the casing of a cased wellbore
US6024169A (en) 1995-12-11 2000-02-15 Weatherford/Lamb, Inc. Method for window formation in wellbore tubulars

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