DE273756C

DE273756C -

Info

Publication number: DE273756C
Application number: DENDAT273756D
Authority: DE

Description

KAISERLICHESIMPERIAL

PATENTAMT.PATENT OFFICE.

Um Metalle mit sehr feiner scharfkantiger Schnittfuge mit Sauerstoff unter Zuhilfenahme eines Brenngases zu schneiden, müssen, zwei Bedingungen erfüllt sein. Es muß der schneidende Sauerstoffstrahl ganz nahe an die Oberfläche des Metalles gebracht werden, damit der Strahl sich nicht vor dem Auftreffen verbreiten kann, und es muß ferner eine genügende Anwärmung durch einen oder mehrere in der Nähe des Säuerst off Strahles austretende Mischstrahlen stattfinden, um ein Kaltblasen bei schnellem Vorgehen· des Sauerstoffstrahles zu vermeiden) wobei jedoch für diese Mischstrahlen zum ständigen Anwärmen andere Bedingungen zu erfüllen sind wie für die Mischstrahlen zum erstmaligen Vorwärmen vor dem Schneiden. Die erste Bedingung wird schon bei den bisherigen Brennern dadurch erfüllt, daß man den Sauerstoffstrahl To metals with a very fine, sharp-edged kerf with oxygen with the aid To cut a fuel gas, two conditions must be met. It must be the cutting one Oxygen beam can be brought very close to the surface of the metal, so that the ray cannot spread before it hits it, and it must also be a sufficient one Warming up by one or more exiting streams of acid off Mixed jets take place in order to cold-blow the oxygen jet with rapid action to avoid), however, for these mixed jets for constant warming up Other conditions are to be met as for the mixed jets for initial preheating before cutting. The first condition is already met with the previous burners by the fact that the oxygen jet

ao aus einer Bohrung austreten läßt, die näher an die Metallfläche heranreicht als die Bohrungen für Mischstrahl. Die zweite Bedingung beruht auf folgender, die vorliegende Erfindung begründenden Beobachtung^ao can emerge from a hole that is closer to the metal surface than the holes for mixed jet. The second condition is based on the following observation establishing the present invention

Für die Zuführung von Brenngas und Sauerstoff durch die Mischbohrungen ist zunächst maßgebend, daß beim erstmaligen Vorwärmen vor dem Schneiden das Metall möglichst stark in kurzer Zeit erhitzt wird. Dafür muß natürlich die Mischung, die man aus diesen Bohrungen ausströmen läßt, eine solche Zusammensetzung haben, daß sie dem Knallgas möglichst nahekommt. Für das weitere Anwärmen während des Schneidens hat sich nun aber herausgestellt, daß man mit dieser Zusammensetzung der Mischung, wie sie für das erstmalige Anwärmen erwünscht ist, nicht das günstigste Ergebnis erzielt. Es wird nämlich dadurch das Metall so stark erhitzt, daß es in unmittelbarer Nähe der Schneidkante zu schmelzen beginnt und dadurch der Schnitt nicht scharfkantig ausfällt, sondern eine Abschmelzung der Kanten und dadurch Abrundung der Kanten stattfindet. Anderseits hat es sich aber auch nicht als tunlich erwiesen, für das weitere Anwärmen während des Schneidens die Sauerstoffzufuhr zu den Mischbohrungen ganz abzuschneiden, so daß nur noch Wasserstoff ausströmt. Denn die reine Wasserstoffflamme erlischt zu leicht, und es wird auch aus Mangel an Sauerstoff die. Erhitzung nicht stark genug, so daß auch die Flamme in der Schnittfuge selbst ausgehen kann. Ein brauchbares Ergebnis erhält man erst dann, wenn man durch die Mischbohrungen einen Mischsirahl aus Sauerstoff und Gas hindurchführt, dessen Zusammensetzung gasreicher ist als die zum erstmaligen Vorwärmen benutzte Knallgasmenge. Vorteilhaft wird man bei der praktischen Ausführung des Verfahrens das Absperrorgan für den Schnittstrahl mit dem Regelorgan des Sauerstoffs für den Mischstrahl verbinden. Man kann dann von einer Regelung des Querschnittes für. das Gas ganz absehen und hat dann nur die Bedingung, zu erfüllen, daß, wenn der Sauerstoff zur Schneidbohrung noch nicht zugelassen ist, eine größere Sauerstoffmenge in den Mischkanal eingelassenFor the supply of fuel gas and oxygen through the mixing holes is first It is important that the metal is as strong as possible when it is preheated for the first time before cutting is heated in a short time. For that, of course, you have to mix them up Holes can flow out, have such a composition that they are the oxyhydrogen comes as close as possible. For further warming up during the cutting has now But it turned out that you can use this composition of the mixture as it is for the initial heating is desired, does not achieve the most favorable result. Because it will this heats the metal so much that it becomes in the immediate vicinity of the cutting edge melting begins and therefore the cut is not sharp-edged, but a melting of the edges and thereby rounding of the edges takes place. On the other hand has however, it has also not proven to be feasible for further heating during cutting completely cut off the oxygen supply to the mixing holes, so that only Hydrogen flows out. Because the pure hydrogen flame goes out too easily, and it will also the lack of oxygen. Heating not strong enough, so too does the flame can go out in the kerf itself. A useful result can only be obtained if a mixed sirahl of oxygen and gas is passed through the mixing bores, whose composition is richer in gas than that used for initial preheating Amount of oxyhydrogen. It is advantageous to carry out the method in practice Shut-off device for the sectional jet with the regulating device for the oxygen for the mixed jet associate. One can then of a regulation of the cross section for. the gas all the way refrain and then only has to meet the condition that, when the oxygen to the cutting hole is not yet approved, a larger amount of oxygen is admitted into the mixing channel

(2. Auflage, ausgegeben am 16. Märt; rgi6.)(2nd edition, issued on March 16; rgi6.)

Claims

will; if, on the other hand, the oxygen is admitted to the cutting jet, the oxygen supply to the mixed jet is reduced. The drawing shows an embodiment of the invention in FIG. The fuel (preferably hydrogen or acetylene) enters through pipe H, the oxygen through pipe 0. The oxygen is then distributed through a tap into the two pipes O1 ίο and O2. In the burner body ß, the two tubes H and O2 connect to annular grooves that are connected to the two "heating or mixing bores" F1 and F2 of nozzle D. The central bore O1 connects to the central “cutting bore” 5 of the nozzle D. The nozzle D is at a very short distance from the work piece A, which is cut and in which the cut joint is indicated in the drawing. Due to the conical shape of the nozzle end, the mouths are the. "Heating holes" V1 and F2 further away from the metal than the "cutting hole" S. In the embodiment shown, the control valve in the oxygen line has two wide holes p and q, a narrower hole r and a very fine hole s take two different working positions of the complete final position. In the position of FIG. 2, "preheating" takes place before cutting. Hydrogen passes through H, a corresponding amount of oxygen through r into line O2: An oxyhydrogen gas mixture forms in V1 and V2, which melts the material. (A very small amount of oxygen passes through s into the bore O1. Without essentially having any effect.) As soon as the material begins to melt, the control valve is brought into the position shown in FIG. 1 (sectional position). Then the oxygen passes unthrottled at full pressure through the wide bores q and p into the cut bore S; In addition, however, a very small amount of oxygen occurs through the fine bore s into the line O2 and thus also into the heating bores V1 and V2 with the fuel that is also still flowing in there. A very small heating flame is formed here, but it is sufficient to maintain the temperature. It is insignificant that a small amount of oxygen occurs in the preheating arrangement in FIG. 2 before cutting through tube O1. If you want to avoid this very small loss, which lasts for a very short time, you can connect and drill the tap according to FIGS. 3 and 4, which of course is somewhat more inconvenient to carry out. The pipe O2 then no longer ends at a right angle to pipe O1. The position of Fig. 3 corresponds to the cutting. In this position the main flow of oxygen goes into tube O1. a very small amount in the O2 tube. Fig. 5 gives a view of the nozzle D seen from below in order to illustrate the position of the mouths of the bores S, F1, F2. Patent A νsp kitchen:

1.. Method of cutting metals by means of an acid off jet Use of a gas-oxygen mixed jet fed through special bores for preheating and heating, characterized in that the first Before cutting this mixed jet, preheat a composition corresponding to the oxyhydrogen flame, for warm while cutting, on the other hand, given a composition containing less oxygen will.

2. Apparatus for performing the method according to claim 1, characterized in that signed that the transition from one mode of operation to the other was achieved by turning over a single switching element is effected in such a way that in one position (Preheating) the warm-up and preheating hole with an oxygen-rich gas mixture, in the other position (cutting with simultaneous heating) the warm-up and preheating hole with a lower oxygen Gas mixture and the cutting hole filled with oxygen wild.

1 sheet of drawings.