DE2737355A1 - Poultry washed chilled and dried in automatic plant - with continuous conveyor and sprinklers using water once only (NL 29.3.78) - Google Patents

Abstract

A method of chilling poulty utilising an overhead conveyor system from which the individual birds are conducted suspended through the various stages. They are first conducted through a chamber (I) in which they are washed by spraying with fresh water of drinking quality, then through a chilling chamber (II) where water of drinking quality is sprayed at less than +4 degrees C to chill them, and then finally through a draining and cold air drying chamber (IIIe where the air conditions are regulated. The temp. and water content of the birds leaving the chilling chamber are regulated. After the final air drying stage, the birds are automatically removed from the conveyor at various predetermined points. Pref. the negative thermal energy from the water dained off in the chilling chamber is utilised for the preliminary cooling of the water flowing into the chilling process. By avoiding any dipping into a bath, cross-infection between separate birds is avoided. Water absorption is also minimised. Thermal energy is conserved.

Description

PROCEDURE AND INSTALLATION FOR

PRE-COOLING POULTRY.

The invention relates to a method and a device for pre-cooling of poultry.

The intense development of the poultry processing industry, soiie the claim of the buyer on modern forms of dressing and packaging require further development of the current procedures and facilities poultry processing or the creation of new processes and facilities.

As is known, the live taken into the processing plant is nutritious Poultry after slaughtering, plucking and gutting in the shortest possible time a temperature below + 40C are cooled or precooled, u.zw. still the others Operations, e.g. shredding. The way of pre-cooling, its duration and hygienic features have a decisive influence on the quality of the poultry entering the trade, both generally and externally aesthetic appearance and according to its bacteriological characteristics.

Various solutions are known for pre-cooling the poultry. One such is, for example, the one developed in the USA and known in the industry as a "Chill Master" known pre-cooling system. Its main feature is that it pre-cools the Poultry after evisceration in a tub, which is raised by adding ice flakes OOC contains temperature-controlled water, e.g. in a horizontal cylindrical drum he follows. In this tub there are several pieces of poultry at the same time Onward transport to achieve a more effective heat dissipation through a wire mesh conveyor screw The poultry is placed in the tub and the removal is automated.

The intensity of the heat exchange is at one Another solution is secured by compressed air blown into the water bath (flotation).

Such poultry pre-cooling systems are also known, in which as Vlarmeaustauscher a coiled tubing dipped into the shared bath is applied. Moving the poultry (turning and moving) is through here Creation of a vortex space solved, but the transport does not necessarily take place. Such a system is described, for example, in Hungarian Patent No. 166.204.

The above mentioned solutions have the common shortcoming that that Poultry are placed in a common water bath for pre-cooling. But that hides the Risk of cross-infection of poultry, according to the rules of modern hygiene and bacterialology is not allowed.

A second common shortcoming is that the specific energy consumption is relatively large, as there are very unfavorable slarn transmission conditions.

Furthermore: The individual poultry carcasses have the same pre-cooling time, so that the poultry leaving the pre-cooling system has the same temperature can not be secured, or only look difficult.

As an angel it can also be mentioned that the water absorption the poultry carcass is quite large during pre-cooling and reaches 8-12%. the Elimination of this water is only possible through an expensive draining section of almost same period of time as the cooling section or by installing one that Achieve draining promotional facility.

In order to partially remedy the shortcomings of the above facilities, became the most popular in industry in the US under the name "Polar-Shower-Chiller" well-known poultry pre-cooler developed. Your goods are that that Poultry moved on in wire baskets with a paternoster-like forced conveyor while they are pre-cooled with water spray. The poultry levy off the setup takes place automatically.

The solution has the disadvantage that it is only economical for institutions of small power can use. There is also a certain infection here - possible because the forced path of the wire baskets filled with poultry is in a vertical plane runs under each other.

The aim of the invention is to eliminate. the one referred to above Defects.

The object to be solved by the invention is to provide one such poultry pre-cooling process including the associated equipment, in which as complete: + Requirement to eliminate a poultry pre-cooler by exchanging it for a common one Water bath and thus seek to eliminate the possibility of possible cross-infection, but a continuous hygiene pre-cooling of a fixed duration, the reduction the IV absorption by the poultry carcasses, autonomous transport and delivery, as well as undemanding of the operation and maintenance with simple constructive Design and economical operation is to be achieved.

The basis of the invention is that knowledge.

that the task at hand is easy to solve if the task is ongoing Further transport of the poultry is an inevitably guided overhead track with hangers used and always treating the poultry by spraying them with fresh water Drinking water quality takes place. The idea of the invention also includes the poultry after pre-cooling in a room with a regulated air condition, and dries, with then its final temperature and its water content by cooled air can be set.

The method according to the invention is therefore a further development the well-known continuous poultry pre-cooling process, in which the deo operating room for eviscerating outgoing poultry on an overhead conveyor system, preferably on a conveyor, and from there continuously through the pre-cooling system is transported, whereby the Gewflügel by spraying with water to + 4 ° C temperature pre-cooled, but then automatically transported further with the conveyor. the The invention consists in that the poultry is first cooked in a separate room Always wash with fresh water of drinking water quality, afterwards but also in a separate room with constantly fresh, cooled to below 4 ° C Water of drinking water quality is pre-cooled. Then leave the poultry carcasses Drain and dry them in a separate room with a regulated air condition with cooled air, the temperature and the water content being those from the pre-cooling system outgoing poultry can be classified. After all, the poultry is from the transport device at any point, at one or more points automatically - as previously feet laid - delivered.

It is useful if the remaining cold energy of the Precooling of the water dripping off the poultry carcasses for precooling the for the Pre-cooling process indirectly used service cooling water is used.

It is also expedient if this is done in the washing and / or pre-cooling room Water that has already been used is diverted and used for minor cleaning purposes is used, after which it then drains into the sewer.

The device according to the invention, however, is the further development such a poultry pre-cooling device, known per se, which includes one has circulating transport device on which the transport that is forcibly connected to it units set up for automatic delivery of the poultry, and along the Transport path the adjustable water spray devices are arranged. The further development or the invention now consists in d the lance device each one separate Rauw has these rooms for washing, pre-cooling, as well as draining and cold air drying but along the transport device, preferably a conveyor, to one another connect. Furthermore, the controls for the transport units, preferably Compulsory tracks, which are arranged along the transport routes, at any one Place at one or more batches the auromatic delivery of any one Get quantity of poultry.

The transport unit expediently has two hanging frames around pegs ippare, oppositely arranged support elements, with both support elements with a space limiting the closed position and a counterweight connected are, the Tragelenente but by the, the closed position limit the plate are connected to each other. The supporting elements, however, are along the transport route with the compulsory railways arranged in remaining places in control connection.

Such an embodiment is also useful in which in the imaginary center line between the two tiltable support elements with the hanging frame rigidly connected third support element is angeor.

It is also useful if the transport units are around pegs have tiltable trays, which are provided with openings as a multi-row trough construction are made, the pin and the tilting elements al the same distance from the center of gravity of the tabblet.

The invention 3011 now in its details with reference to the attached Drawings are explained.

These drawings represent exemplary embodiments of the device According to the invention, the following are true: FIG. 1: Basic sketch of the pre-cooling device according to the invention; Top view Fig. 2: Basic circuit diagram of the device Ln Fig.l; longitudinal section FIG. 3: Automatic emptying of the transport unit; Front view Fig. 4: Transport unit according to Fig. 3, side view Fig. 5: Automatic emptying the transport unit in a twin arrangement; Front view Fig. 6: Kipptalbettatig equipped transport unit for automatic emptying; Side view.

FIG. 7: Transport unit according to FIG. 6; Front view Fig. 8: Transport unit according to Figure 6; On it.

The reference numbers entered in the drawings denote respectively the identical items.

As can be seen from Pig. 1, the device according to the invention a transport facility designed as an overhead track with a closed route: -7, in the present case a conveyor 7. The conveyor line of the conveyor 7 is through the three separate rooms of the pre-cooling system, namely through the washroom I, the Pre-cold room II, as well as through the drip and cold air drying room, III serpentine passed through. The transport units are, for example, mechanical with the conveyor forcibly connected. In the washroom I is along the conveyor - e.g. directly to the Connected water supply network - which is regulated with the pipe 9.

connected row of nozzles 10 connected. The DUs series 10 exists from nozzles known per se, which are preferably set according to the three coordinate axes can be, and in which also the shape of the water spray fan emerging from the rivers can be adjusted. They are built so that with them for the products one optimum spraying or spraying direction can be set.

The pipe system 11 is also connected to the main network, the Uber the heat exchanger 12 of the feedwater precooler with the heat exchanger known per se 13 is connected. The heat exchanger 12 for feedwater precooling is in the present case Cases a pipe loop, which is installed in the precooling room II under the track of the conveyor 7 is. It has the task of the remaining cold energy content of the pre-cooling water dripping off poultry to pre-cool the water used for the pre-cooling process to utilize the intended water.

The surface heat exchanger 13 is connected via the pipe system 11 connected to another row of nozzles 10 adjustable in three coordinate directions, which is installed in pre-cooling room II.

In this case, there are two feed points each along the conveyor section 7 6 and automatic dispensing positions 14 are provided. The delivery points 6 and diP delivery points 14 are expediently arranged so that the task points with the operating point for gutting, the automatic exhaust gas points but with the operating point "comminution and packaging "are connected via the discharge belts 15.

The device also has a pipeline 16 that can be regulated for compressed air supply, both in washroom I and in pre-cooler room II the rows of nozzles 10 attached there. A more effective spraying of the Water is - in a manner known per se - from the compressed air supplied to the nozzles 10 concerned.

The facility is still - in itself known tracks - with a Pipeline 17 for supplying an adjustable amount of disinfection fluid Mistake; it is connected to the pipe system 11a.

mie shown in Fig.l and Fig.2 are in the drip and cold air drying room III Apparatus 20 for ensuring the optimal room temperature and relative Humidity intended. From Figure 2 it can be seen that the floor of the washroom I or of the pre-cooling space II is designed as a water collector with the troughs 18 and 19 for collecting and draining the water that drips off the poultry.

In Fig.3 and Fig.4 is an example of the embodiment Transport unit a shown.

Two support elements 21 arranged opposite one another in a mirror-image manner, in the present case at an acute angle downward support rails are around the at the pin 22 in the direction of the arrow 28 rotatably arranged. The pins 22 are attached to the hanging frame 23. The support rails 21 are on the rod 24 with the counterweights 25 mechanically connected.

To rails between the two support 21 - in the ir.

Fig. 3 position shown - for easy hanging of the poultry to secure the gap necessary for your foot grain 36 to get stuck, are at the one or both ends of the support rails 21 with a closed stop Position limiting plates 26 - fastened adjustable in a manner known per se. About the rods 24 are the support 3chìenen 21 with the inclined compulsory tracks 27 in Tax connection. These compulsory tracks 27 have the task along the conveyor track 7 at any point the rods 24 and the supporting rails connected to them 21 and counterweights 25 in the direction of arrow 20 to rotate the pin 22, and so by widening the gap between the support rails 21 the automatic delivery - by gravity - to secure the poultry.

Another embodiment of the transport unit with twin arrangement can be seen in Fig. 5.

In this respect, it differs from the exemplary embodiment shown in FIG as arranged in mirror image between the two, and in the direction of the arrow 28 tiltable support rails 21 in their theoretical center line a further, with the hanging frame rigidly connected support rail 29 is arranged.

Another example embodiment is de-transport unit to be seen in Fig.6, Fig.7 and Fig.8. This is done on the hanging frame 23 by pegs 30 connected to the pin 30 in the arrow direction 2 tiltable tray 31 is provided. The pins 30 are uniaxially mounted outside the center of gravity of the tray 31, so that the tray 31 - in the absence of any external influence - on the lower rod 33 of the hanging frame 23 rests.

The theoretical center line of the transport unit runs through the Center of gravity of the table 31.

The tray 31 can be any suitable for receiving poultry, Obtained with openings provided. Here it is rismatic in cross section, but shown in the longitudinal direction as a trough forming grid structure. Furthermore the tray 31 is rigidly connected to the tilting elements 35; but these stand - similar to before with the inclined compulsory tracks 27 in control connection.

The distance of the pin 30 or the tilting elements 35 from the center of gravity of the tray 31 has been counted the same for convenience.

The parts that come into contact with the poultry can be easily cleaned earth and receive a corrosion-resistant surface treatment.

The illustrated as exemplary embodiments in the drawings Fig.1 - Fig.8 The device according to the invention is applied or works as follows as follows: The poultry carcasses arriving from the operating point t'Exception n are transferred to the transport units connected to the conveyor 7 at the loading points 6 hung or laid on top. This is done either in such a way that you get the poultry foot slide into the previously set gap of the closing support rails leaves, he can then get caught on his ankle; or the poultry will be in the Wells 34 of the tablet 31 are placed. With the continuous movement of the conveyor The poultry gets into the washroom I by the adjustable row of nozzles 10, via the pipe system 9 connected to the water supply network with water of approx 15 0C is washed off and cleaned. The spray water comes with the outside and inner surface of the poultry carcasses equally in contact and cools them during the Dripping from about 300C and about 180C.

From here the poultry is continuously transferred to the pre-cooler by the conveyor II promoted. In this space II one leaves what is supplied via the pipe 11A - Water cooled to +1 0C in the heat exchanger 13 - via the adjustable row of nozzles 10 reach the poultry carcasses in the form of spray water, whereby the and water dripping off inner surfaces cools them down to + 40C. LIit the remaining Cold energy of the water dripping off the poultry carcasses is advantageous over the coil 12 pre-cooled that water that for pre-cooling the poultry carcass is determined.

The poultry carcasses then get into the drip tray with the conveyor 7. and cold air drying room III, from which then, as an effect of the optimally set there At room temperature and relative humidity, the poultry carcasses are cooled to 40C and with 2-4% moisture content come off.

From here the poultry carcasses are transferred from the conveyor to the automatic ones Abgabeeatelle conveyed, where according to the arrangement of the compulsory tracks 27 the Ti port units 8 are automatically emptied, and df poultry in the desired location any amount n n the conveyor belts 15 fall, which they then in the dismantling and packaging company.

That in the washing room I and in the pre-cooling room II from the poultry carcasses Water that drips off is collected in the wells 18 and 19 and used in the operating compartment of a lower degree of cleaning for secondary e.g. for pre-washing the living goods used to lead motor vehicles, but then fed to the channel.

As can be seen from the above, the use of water spray the poultry pre-cooling process by immersion in a shared bath and with it also eliminates the risk of cross-infection in the essence, as the nozzles are always hygienic fresh water of drinking water quality from the pipeline network to the poultry carcasses is sprayed. Di constructive design of the transport units t; and as the result of the automatic delivery of goods vc further reduces the risk of cross infections, since the poultry carcasses are not attached to the supporting elements 21 but only touch it minimally. In this way, the facility works in a more hygienic manner and bacteriological terms under optimal conditions. But with that she has Solution according to the invention of the first basic condition placed on it satisfied.

For the continuous movement of the poultry through one-with transport units Forcibly connected transport device with closed lines and overhead track a Ronveyor was chosen here preferably. Its conveying speed can be changed so that the speed of passage of the poultry through all three treatment phases can adjust as needed. With that, however, the device according to the invention has the second basic condition placed on them is also fulfilled.

By using the embodiment shown as an example Device according to the invention can be used during pre-cooling in the known Facilities taking place water absorption of the poultry bodies of 8-12 percent by weight in our experience it can be reduced to 2-3 "or even more.

On the one hand, this reduces water consumption, on the other hand the long and expensive draining section was severely restricted as you could drain it continues only until the accumulated on the outer skin surface of the poultry The water film begins to tear. But this also means that the third basic requirement has to be fulfilled.

It was already said above that the constructive shutdown the setup is simple and fairly cheap. Your in touch with the poultry Coming parts are flawless and easy to use in terms of product hygiene clean; they have a corrosion-resistant surface. Furthermore is the Facility related to their automatic and continuous operation. service and maintenance undemanding, reliable and economical. An additional The advantage of the facility is that the individual phases of poultry pre-cooling (Washing, pre-cooling, draining and cold air drying) separately in the Rooms I, II and III run. As a result, however, there is a clear separation according to the degree of cleanliness, or calibrated according to the extent of the pollution. Thus the fourth is also on the invention fulfilled the basic tariff requirement.

Although now - as you can see - the device according to the invention as an exemplary embodiment, has met all of the requirements placed on it Solution but an Itangel, naralich that with the pre-cooling - because of the use of the Water through disruption-the need for oil is quite large.

On the one hand, this disadvantage has been reduced to a minimum in that the nozzles 10 are used in the three coordinate directions more agitated and thus the desired spray is most economically adjusted can be; on the other hand, because the fine atomization of the water with Pres3 air takes place. In this way, the specific water consumption increases conventional method is 4.8 1 / piece Brolier, in the solution according to the invention to a total of about 6.6 1 / piece broiler.

However, in view of the numerous advantages of the process set out above according to the invention, as well as the fact that the used during the pre-cooling If water is used secondary, the additional consumption of 2 liters of water not per piece of broiler much to say.

On the basis of the previous it can be seen that this is the case with the procedure Poultry treated according to the invention appear aesthetically very favorable, and on average no change in smell, taste or color shows. The modern claims in this regard can therefore be met by its application be completely satisfied. The procedure can be performed within wide performance limits can be used for any type of poultry since the device according to the Invention consists of building blocks designed according to the modular principle, which according to anyon combine laoocn.

Claims (7)

PATENT CLAIMS 1. Process for pre-cooling poultry, in which the poultry leaving the facility for gutting is an inevitably led one Upper track transport device, expediently a conveyor, abandoned and from this We are continuously transported through the pre-cooling system, with the poultry with Spray water precooled to + 4 0C temperature, but then by the transport device is automatically discharged, so that the poultry is not shown first in a reserved room with always fresh water of drinking water quality washed, then cooled in a separate room by spraying with below + $ ° C Water of drinking water quality precooled, furthermore the poultry carcasses in a separate one Drained room with regulated air condition and dried with cooled air be, the temperature and the Vlaater content of the outgoing from the pre-cooling room Poultry are set and finally the treated poultry from the transport device at any location at one or more points automatically and pre-adjusted is delivered. 2. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that e e k e n n -z e i c h n e t that the remaining cold energy content of the poultry carcasses when pre-cooling of these dripping water for the previous cooling of the for the pre-cooling process provided water is used. 3. The method according to claim 1 and 2, characterized in that g e k e n n z e i c Not that it has already been used in the washroom and / or the pre-cooling room Water diverted, and then reused for minor cleaning tasks but is fed to the sewer. 4. Device for implementing the method according to claim 1, the one transport device with closed lines and with it in positive connection Transport units that are located and are suitable for the automatic delivery of the poultry has, adjustable spray devices arranged along the transport path are due to the fact that they are against each other in the direction of transport then a separate washroom (I X a pre-cooling room (11) and a drip and cold air drying room (III), and along the lines of the transport device (7) the automatic delivery of any quantity of poultry to several others Any point actuating support unit control members, preferably as compulsory tracks (27), are arranged. 5. Device according to claim 4, characterized in that g e k e n n z e i c h n e t that the transport unit (8) has two hanging frames (23) that can be tilted around the pins (22), opposite to each other arranged support elements (21), wherein both support elements (21) with a plate (26) limiting the closed position and a counterweight (25) are connected, furthermore the support elements (21) with the on the way of the transport unit C 8) Zwandgsbahnen (27) are in control connection, if desired. 6. Device according to claim 4, characterized g e k e n It is not noted that the transport unit (8) has two attached to the hanging frame (2j) around the pin (22) tiltably arranged support elements (21), as well as in their imaginary The center line has a further supporting element (29) rigidly attached to the hanging frame 23, wherein the tiltable two support rails (21) delimit the closed position Plates (26) and counterweights (28) are connected to the tiltable support elements (21) but with each other, or with the rigid support element (29 through the, the closed Position limiting plates (26) are in connection, furthermore the tiltable support elements (21) with those attached at any point along the path of the transport unit Forced tracks (27) are in control connection. 7. Device according to claim 4, wherein the transport unit a hanging frame and a tray that can be tilted around the pins attached to the frame, but rigidly connected to the tray has a tilting element and a stop, in this way it is not noted that the tray has openings and multiple LIuldenquerschnitt is designed, furthermore the pin (32) and the tilting elements (3;) are arranged at the same distance 'from the center of gravity of the tray (31).