DE270716C

DE270716C -

Info

Publication number: DE270716C
Application number: DENDAT270716D
Authority: DE

Description

KAISERLICHESIMPERIAL

PATENTAMT.PATENT OFFICE.

Die Erfindung bezweckt, einen Kessel zu schaffen, der geeignet ist, hochüberhitzten Dampf von hoher Spannung (6o Atm. und darüber) zu erzeugen. Sie bezieht sich insbesondere auf solche ortsfeste Kesselanlagen, die aus Ober- und Unterkesseln und diese verbindenden Wasserrohren bestehen, und bei denen mehrere aufwärts und abwärts führende Heizzüge vorgesehen sind. Sie ist dadurch gekennzeichnet,The aim of the invention is to create a boiler which is capable of being highly superheated Generate high tension vapor (6o atm. And above). It relates in particular on such fixed boiler systems, consisting of upper and lower boilers and connecting them There are water pipes and several heating flues leading up and down are provided are. It is characterized by

ίο daß zwischen zwei mit Wasserrohren besetzten Heizzügen, von denen der eine aufwärts undίο that between two occupied with water pipes Heating flues, one of which is up and

- der andere abwärts führt, ein abwärts und ein aufwärts führender Zug zur Aufnahme eines Überhitzers angeordnet sind, wobei über der Zwischenwand der beiden letzteren Züge ein Absperrorgan angeordnet ist, das je nach seiner Stellung den unmittelbaren Übertritt der Heizgase aus dem ersten der erwähnten Wasserrohrheizzüge in den zweiten ganz oder teilweise verhindert oder freigibt. Da bei den erstrebten hohen Spannungen die Sättigungstemperatur des Dampfes sehr hoch liegt, so muß man, um einen genügenden Wärmeüberschuß zu erzielen, auch mit der Überhitzung höher gehen als bisher, nämlich auf 400 ° und mehr. Dies erhöht naturgemäß die Gefahr des Erglühens der Überhitzerrohre. Diese Gefahr muß besonders gefürchtet werden beim Anheizen des' Kessels oder wenn der Kessel in Tätigkeit ist und die- the other leads downwards, one downwards and one upwards leading train to pick up one Superheater are arranged, with one above the intermediate wall of the latter two trains Shut-off element is arranged, depending on its position, the direct passage of the heating gases completely or partially prevented from the first of the mentioned water pipe heating trains in the second or releases. Since the saturation temperature of the steam is very high at the desired high voltages, it is necessary to to achieve a sufficient excess of heat, even with the overheating go higher than before, namely to 400 ° and more. This naturally increases the risk of the superheater tubes glowing up. This danger must be special are feared when heating up the 'boiler or when the boiler is in operation and the

Dampfentnahme unterbrochen wird. Der Überhitzer muß also durch Klappen, Schieber 0. dgl. von den übrigen Kesselteilen vollständig abgeschaltet werden können und muß derartig angeordnet sein, daß er nach der Abschaltung möglichst dem Einfluß der Wärme der Heizgase entzogen ist, d. h. er muß so angeordnet sein, daß bei etwaiger Undichtheit der Klappe die Heizgase in dem Überhitzerheizzug nicht zirkulieren können. Auch dürfen die Heizgase durch Schließen des Überhitzerzuges keine Ablenkung -in ihrer Hauptrichtung erfahren, damit in der Beheizungsweise der übrigen Kesselteile keine Änderung eintritt, durch die die Erwärmung des Wassers oder die Dampfbildung nachteilig beeinflußt werden könnte. Die Überhitzung muß ferner in beliebigen Grenzen regulierbar sein, und beim Ausschalten des Überhitzerheizzuges darf keine Kesselheizfläche ausgeschaltet werden. Alle diese Vorteile vereinigt die vorliegende Erfindung. An einem Ausführungsbeispiel soll das Wesen der Erfindung erläutert werden:Steam extraction is interrupted. The superheater must therefore by flaps, slider 0. like. can and must be completely switched off by the other parts of the boiler be arranged that he is after the shutdown as possible to the influence of the heat of the heating gases is withdrawn, d. H. it must be arranged so that in the event of a leak in the flap the heating gases cannot circulate in the superheater heating flue. The heating gases are also allowed by closing the superheater pass no distraction - experienced in their main direction, so There is no change in the heating of the other parts of the boiler that would cause the Heating of the water or the formation of steam could be adversely affected. The overheating must also be adjustable within any limits, and when switching off the superheater heating cable no boiler heating surface may be switched off. All these advantages combined the present invention. The essence of the invention is to be based on an exemplary embodiment explained:

α und b sind die ,Unterkessel, welche mit dem Oberkessel c durch Wasserrohre d und β verbunden sind, f¹, f^% ist ein Überhitzer, der in den Heizzügen g¹, g² untergebracht ist, von diesen führt g¹ von oben nach unten und g² von unten nach oben, h ist eine Klappe, welche dazu dient, die Überhitzerzüge entweder ganz auszuschalten oder ihnen je 'nach dem Grade der gewünschten Überhitzung mehr oder weniger Heizgase zuzuführen. Die Klappe ist oberhalb der Scheidewand i angebracht, welche die Heizzüge g¹ und g² voneinander trennt. In der mit ausgezogenen Linien gezeichneten. Stellung der Klappe sind die den Überhitzer α and b are the, lower boilers, which are connected to the upper boiler c by water pipes d and β , f ¹ , f ^% is a superheater, which is housed in the heating flues g ¹ , g ² , of these g ^{1 leads} from above below and g ² from bottom to top, h is a flap which serves to either switch off the superheater flues completely or to supply more or less heating gases to them, depending on the degree of superheating desired. The flap is attached above the partition i , which separates the heating flues g ¹ and g ² from one another. In the one drawn with solid lines. Position of the flap are those of the superheater

Claims

containing heating flues g ¹ , g ² - fully open. The heating gases rise from the grate through the heating flue formed by the water pipes d, e , then one after the other the heating flues g ¹ , g ² , then enter the heating flue I containing a preheater k and from here into the chimney. When the flap h assumes the dashed position, the superheater flues are completely shut off and the heating gases exit the first heating flue without changing direction directly into heating flue I and pass through it as before from top to bottom. Of course, all intermediate positions of the flap are possible so that the heating

Any amount of gases can be passed through the superheater flues.

The advantages offered by the arrangement described are clearly evident. The arrangement of the superheater between two boiler heaters makes it possible that the gases either pass through the superheater heaters or, by bypassing the superheater, directly from the front of the superheater, depending on the position of the flap. Lowing heating flue step into the one behind the superheater, so that no boiler heating surface is switched off when the superheater heating flues are closed. The routing of the hot gases through the superheater flues can be regulated at the same time. The position of the superheater and the arrangement of the flap above it enable the heating gases to enter the superheater at the top and exit again at the top. As a result, when the superheater flues are closed, the heating gases are passed along above the superheater, so that _; even if the flap does not close tightly, the hot heating gases cannot enter the superheater heating flues. This is extremely important when using high superheating, because it prevents the risk of the superheater tubes becoming glowing when the boiler is heated up, or when the boiler is in operation and the steam extraction is temporarily interrupted. In similar devices in which the superheater is mounted above the boiler, there is always the risk that the gases, due to their low specific weight, will enter the superheater duct through the leaks in the closing element and cause the superheater tubes, which are then not cooled, to glow. The routing of the heating gases is also such that they maintain their direction through the boiler, regardless of whether the superheater duct is open or closed. As a result, the boiler part located behind the superheater, the preheater, does not change the way it is heated. It goes without saying that the heating of the preheater would be significantly less favorable if the heating gases were forced to pull through the preheater from bottom to top when the superheater heating flue was switched off.

The invention is not limited to the arrangement described above. For example, the entire superheater can be accommodated in the heating flue g ¹ , so that the heating flue g ^{a is} free. Furthermore, a steam-generating tube bundle can be used in place of the preheater in Heizzuge I. . ·

Patent-A ν SPRU c H:

Superheater arrangement for boiler systems with several leading up and down Heating flues, characterized in that between two heating flues filled with water pipes, one of which is upwards, the other leads downwards, one downwards and one upwards leading train to take up of a superheater is arranged, over the intermediate wall of the latter two trains a shut-off device is arranged, depending on its position, the direct passage of the heating gases from the first of the Above mentioned water pipe heating cables in the second completely or partially prevented or releases.

1 sheet of drawings.