DE2706703A1 - HYDRAULIC LINKAGE FOR MACHINERY FOR DIVISION OF BAKING MASSES, IN PARTICULAR BREAD DOUGH - Google Patents

Description

MERTENS & KEIL PATENT LAWYERS

6000 Frankfurt / M, February 15, 1977 P 82 P 101

TALLERES BALART, S.A. Calle Batllevell, 3

Sabadell (Barcelona) / Spain

"Hydraulic linkage for machines for dividing Baking masses, especially bread dough "

The invention relates to machines for dividing baking mass, in particular mass suitable for making bread, which contains a suction cylinder which is in communication with a funnel for the supply of the mass to be separated and in which a suction piston slides, which is provided with a bottom piece, the one in connection with the suction cylinder has standing metering cylinder and inside a metering piston displaceable under the impulse of the mass itself is; the bottom piece and the suction piston are driven synchronously by a linkage device in such a way that in successive Working cycles the mass is sucked out of the funnel that part of it into the dosing cylinder-080277

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is pressed that the bottom piece moves until the The latter cylinder comes in connection with the means for withdrawing dosed portions and that said Dosing cylinder is discharged or emptied using this means.

The gears, linkages or mechanisms used up to now to achieve the mode of operation described have become has been found to be satisfactory in conventional devices or plants for the production of bread, but the progressive Increase in the operating speed of the machine for dividing the baking mass and, as a result, the required Increasing the scope of production revealed serious disadvantages, such as unevenness in the for the compression of the mass applied pressure inside the metering cylinder and the appearance of noises and mechanical stresses that occur in elastic intermediate links and linkages based on springs that form the Drive the suction piston, cannot be accepted.

It is an object of the present invention to overcome this known problem by improving the workflow assuming that it is possible to set a variable suction in accordance with the To exercise manufacturing requirements, but to keep the pressure exerted in a sequence on the metered mass keep.

For this purpose, the invented hydraulic linkage or intermediate link is equipped with a cylinder, which with one of its Ends connected to transmission organs that lead to the suction piston; inside the cylinder slides freely Piston that defines two chambers. And whose piston rod passes through the opposite end of the cylinder 080277

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and is connected to transmission elements which are connected to a crank which controls the metering or metering piston are; the two cylinder chambers are connected to each other via devices for the passage of a hydraulic medium (liquid) connected, which fills the cylinder; the passage devices allow a free transfer of the liquid between the two chambers during the passage of the piston inside the cylinder through a central part its orbit and a controlled passage of the liquid from a certain limit of the against the cylinder ends directed movement of the piston.

In an advantageous embodiment of the invention, a storage container for the liquid is assigned to the cylinder, preferably located above the cylinder that connects to the cylinder through an intermediate passage or passage is in communication, which in turn is free and open and depending on the axial position of the piston with the one or the other chamber of the cylinder can come into communication; one or more passages is b ^ w. are in Axial direction of the chamber on the side of the metering piston arranged in a staggered manner and equipped with valves that can be closed to determine the end of the free movement of the piston; a pressure control valve is available with the Chamber on the side of the crank in communication to regulate or control the pressure when injecting the mass and two Check valves are in communication with the two chambers and are arranged to open the passage in open in opposite directions to allow the chambers to be refilled after each operating cycle.

In certain cases, however, the rigidity and lack of adaptability when compressing the baking mass can Difficulties lead. The invention therefore continues

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The aim is to overcome these difficulties while providing an effective means of setting them Compression is specified within suitable limits.

For this purpose it is proposed with the invention, the chamber of the cylinder of the elastic hydraulic linkage or Intermediate member that is under pressure during the stroke when the mass is compressed in the direction of the dosing cylinder comes, in connection with a hydraulic accumulator or accumulation device, which the pressure peaks absorbs or swallows during this compression stroke.

For this purpose, the accumulator device is formed in the preferred case from a hollow and rigid body that is connected to the External space of the pressure chamber or compression chamber of the cylinder is in communication and its internal volume is at least partially filled by a flexible, impermeable bladder that can be regulated with a gas or adjustable pressure is filled in order to regulate the pressure when compressing the mass.

The invention is explained in more detail below using an exemplary embodiment with reference to the accompanying drawing. The drawing shows in two figures different embodiments in a greatly simplified representation

In Fig. 1 is the representation of the operating mechanism of the main elements or organs of a machine for dividing the Mass shown; the figure is intended to provide an understanding of the operation of a hydraulic linkage according to the invention which is part of the drive mechanism.

FIG. 2 is a representation corresponding to the representation according to FIG. 1, but in which the valve for regulating the Kom-080277

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pression is replaced by a hydraulic accumulator.

It should be emphasized that both embodiments have one Compression regulator can be used together.

A suction cylinder 1 sucks in the baking material emerging from a storage container or hopper 2, in particular bread dough. The front end of the cylinder 1 adapts to a slide valve or sliding base piece 3 in which the metering cylinder 4 is located. Inside the cylinder 1, the suction piston 5 slides, which is driven by means of a rigid rod 6 which is hinged to the upper part of a lever 7 which can pivot about a swivel joint 8 fixed to the frame and is driven by the crank pin 9 of a crank by means of the hydraulic intermediate member which is described in more detail below and is generally designated 10. The sliding base 3 is driven by means of a rod 11 extending from the crank pin 12 which is part of the same crank mechanism mentioned above and which, like that, receives continuous rotary motion from the general drive mechanism of the machine. Inside the cylinder k is the metering piston 13, which is driven in the required manner by means of conventional means, not shown and known in the art. The general mode of operation of this mechanism corresponds to that in machines for dividing off baking materials of the conventional type and is also easily derived from the attached illustration.

The invented hydraulic intermediate member, which is shown in the drawing as an illustrative example, has a main body I ¹ I, in which a working cylinder 15 and a reservoir for the hydraulic fluid 16 are left. The storage container 16 is located above the working cylinder 15. The cylinder is at its 080277 in the figure

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closed on the right end by a cover 17 which is part of a hinge 18 with which the hydraulic intermediate member is articulated to an intermediate point on the lever 7. At the opposite end of the working cylinder 15 is a fitting, which essentially the cylinder space closes and receives a piston rod 20 in it, which is slidably displaceable in this fitting 19. One with The seal 21 connected to this valve 19 thus closes the cylinder space in a liquid-tight manner against the displaceable Piston rod 20 off. The inner end of the piston rod is attached to a piston 22 which is inside the cylinder is displaceable and is sealed with its outer circumference against the cylinder inner wall, so that it divides the cylinder cavity into two working chambers 23 and 24. These Chambers correspond to the modes of action of injecting or pressing the mass into the dosing cylinder and the Suction of the mass into the interior of the suction cylinder. The opposite end of the piston rod is the one that is hinged to the crank pin 9.

The delimited interior of the cylinder 15 is in connection with the floor of the storage space 16 via the following routes: By a completely free and equipped with a wide cross-section path 25, which is located approximately in the middle of the length of the cylinder; by a path 26 similar to the aforementioned path, which is located within the suction chamber 24 and can be closed by means of a valve device 27 which can be actuated by an external handle 28; through a path 29 in the space corresponding to chamber 23; the path 29 ends with the compensation chamber 16 Pressure regulating or limiting valve 30 in connection, which by means of an externally actuatable adjusting device 31, e.g. a handle can be set to a response value; through two paths 32 and 33, which start with the supply 080277

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space 16 are connected by the same check valves 3 ** and 35, the valves 3 ¹ * and 35 close the corresponding paths 32 and 33 in the direction from the cylinder to the storage space, but leave them open in the opposite sense. The hydraulic link described in Fig. 1 works as follows:

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Starting from the starting position shown, the rotation of the crank with the pin 9 in the direction of the arrow corresponds to the compression stroke for compressing the previously sucked in mass towards the metering cylinder k , the hydraulic linkage IO would already endeavor to close the lever 7 to the left in the figure draw. However, the free passage 25 allows the liquid to escape from the chamber 23 into the storage space 16, while at the same time the check valve 35 allows the flow from the storage space to the chamber 2k in order to compensate for the increase in volume of this chamber. Accordingly, the piston 22 moves without taking the body I ^ and the lever 7 with it. The rod 6 and the suction piston 5 therefore stop.

As soon as the piston 22 closes the passage 25 as it moves further to the left, it interrupts the escape of liquid from the chamber 23 through this path. Correspondingly, the body \ U is now taken along and the piston 5 executes its injection stroke, i.e. the stroke for injecting the mass into the dosing cylinder Ί.

The compression pressure on the mass depends in this process on the force that acts on the piston 5, but this force is limited by the setting of the pressure control valve 30, since this valve when the desired Force allows the necessary amount of liquid to exit the chamber 23, so that the exerted by the piston 5 Force is kept constant. It is therefore easily possible, as can be seen, to apply the pressure exerted on the baking mass set the desired amount and keep it there during the whole work of the machine.

When the piston in Fig. 1 goes to the right, runs in the Ο8Ο277

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Chamber 2k , provided that valve 27 is open, the same process as has just been described with respect to chamber 23 with passage 25 open. The piston 22 moves in the idle stroke without driving the body 1 * 4; accordingly, the piston 5 remains in the first part of the return of the pin 9 until the piston 22 closes through passage 26. It can thus be seen that the position of the passage 26 in the longitudinal direction of the cylinder determines the amount of the suction stroke of the piston 5. When the valve 27 is closed, the same movement and the same functional sequence as that described above for the free passage 25 occurs, in such a way that a larger suction stroke is obtained. By arranging different passages. 26 along the length of the right-hand part of the cylinder (chamber 24) and through a correspondingly adapted combination of opening and closing corresponding valves 27, the same and different suction strokes can be set.

In the arrangement according to FIG. 2, the limiting or damping effect of the adjustable or controllable valve 30 by a likewise usable damping by means of a hydraulic accumulator device or collecting device replaced.

For this purpose, the compression chamber 23 is at a suitable point in the bottom, for example in its lower part, as shown in FIG 2, a further opening is provided which is in communication with the outside space and into which a nipple 36 is screwed, which is part of a metallic hollow body 37, which in this way in connection with the interior of the named chamber. Inside the hollow body 37 there is a bladder 38 made of rubber or another flexible and for fluid impermeable material, which is provided with an opening 39, which by a nozzle or

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a spout ¹ JO opens outwards and can be tightly closed with a stopper kl. This bladder is filled or charged with a gas, for example the gas known under the name "nitrile". The mode of operation of the hydraulic intermediate member described with reference to FIG. 2 is essentially the same as that of the intermediate member according to FIG 2 through the nipple into the interior of the body 37, where it compresses the bladder until a pressure is reached which is equal to the resistance which is opposed to the piston 5 when it pushes the baking mass against the dosing cylinder Ί drives. From the moment this equilibrium of forces is reached, the mechanism 7, 6, 5 is set in motion via the hydraulic intermediate member, because the intermediate member has then reached the required degree of rigidity, but with the advantage that this movement takes place smoothly goes and that practically the pressure for driving in the mass is kept constant as a function of the initial or set pressure of the gas contained in the deformable chamber 38. If one increases the resistance which the mechanism encounters as it advances, a little more fluid flows into the "accumulator" 37, and if ir.an decreases the set pressure, the opposite effect of maintaining a constant load or force is achieved.

When the piston rod goes into the opposite movement and the piston runs back to the right in the figure, the hydraulic accumulator gives the liquid fraction, the he had taken up in the previous compression phase, and the piston 5 remains during the first phase 080277

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of the return stroke of the crank pin 9; so he follows the same sequence of movements as in the one based on the Pig. I. described trap.

In case of doubt, all of the features described and / or shown here are more sensible in themselves or in any combination Combination essential to the invention. Protection is desired for that which can objectively be protected.

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Claims (2)

MERTENS & KEIL PATENT LAWYERS _ yi - ρ 82 ρ ιοί Patent claims: Iy Hydraulic intermediate or transmission link for Machines for dividing baking masses, in particular bread dough, in which a suction piston is located inside a cylinder holds an amount of dough in a return stroke and then into a dosing cylinder connected to the first cylinder presses, characterized in that the intermediate member has a cylinder (15) with his one end (17) is connected to transmission organs (7, 6) which lead the suction piston (5) that inside the first-mentioned cylinder a piston (22) is guided freely displaceably, which divides the cylinder cavity into two chambers (22, 24) divides and whose piston rod (20) passes through the other end of the cylinder and connected to transmission elements is that lead to a control crank drive (9, 12) for the suction piston mentioned that the two cylinder ducts with each other via passage devices (27, 30, 3 ^ 4, 35) by means of a filling the chambers and passages Hydraulic medium are connected and that these passages are a free fluid passage between the two Chambers during a middle part of the piston stroke inside the cylinder allow and a controlled passage of the liquid from a certain limit of displacement of the piston in the direction of the cylinder. 2. Hydraulic intermediate member according to claim!, Characterized in that the working cylinder (15) equipped with a storage space (16) located above it for receiving the hydraulic fluid which is connected to the cylinder via a path (25) located between the cylinder ends, that the connection path (25) is open, free and designed in such a way as to 080277 709835/0717 ORIGINAL INSPECTED MERTENS & KEIL PATENT LAWYERS - yi - ρ 82 ρ ion that it can come into connection with one or the other chamber (23 _t 2Ί), depending on the axial position of the piston (22), that one or more passages (26) staggered in the axial direction on the chamber (24) lie, which is located on the suction side of the piston, that certain passage devices (27), which are suitable to be closed to determine the end of the free movement of the piston, a pressure control valve (30) is associated with that on the side of the Crank mechanism located chamber (23) is in connection to regulate the injection pressure for injecting or pressing the dough (baking compound) into the dosing cylinder (4), and that two check valves (3 ¹ J, 35) the connection between the two chambers ( 23, 24) in such a way that they open in opposite flow directions in order to allow the chambers to be filled after each working cycle. 080277 709G35 / 0717