DE2703491A1 - Location of people buried by avalanche - uses radio transmitter on victim, and portable receiver producing audio signal to guide rescue team - Google Patents

Location of people buried by avalanche - uses radio transmitter on victim, and portable receiver producing audio signal to guide rescue team

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Publication number
DE2703491A1
DE2703491A1 DE19772703491 DE2703491A DE2703491A1 DE 2703491 A1 DE2703491 A1 DE 2703491A1 DE 19772703491 DE19772703491 DE 19772703491 DE 2703491 A DE2703491 A DE 2703491A DE 2703491 A1 DE2703491 A1 DE 2703491A1
Authority
DE
Germany
Prior art keywords
transmitter
amplitude
avalanche
audio signal
receiver
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
DE19772703491
Other languages
German (de)
Inventor
Rudolf Prof Dr Mueller
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Priority to DE19772703491 priority Critical patent/DE2703491A1/en
Publication of DE2703491A1 publication Critical patent/DE2703491A1/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A63SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
    • A63BAPPARATUS FOR PHYSICAL TRAINING, GYMNASTICS, SWIMMING, CLIMBING, OR FENCING; BALL GAMES; TRAINING EQUIPMENT
    • A63B29/00Apparatus for mountaineering
    • A63B29/02Mountain guy-ropes or accessories, e.g. avalanche ropes; Means for indicating the location of accidentally buried, e.g. snow-buried, persons
    • A63B29/021Means for indicating the location of accidentally buried, e.g. snow-buried, persons
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01SRADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S1/00Beacons or beacon systems transmitting signals having a characteristic or characteristics capable of being detected by non-directional receivers and defining directions, positions, or position lines fixed relatively to the beacon transmitters; Receivers co-operating therewith
    • G01S1/02Beacons or beacon systems transmitting signals having a characteristic or characteristics capable of being detected by non-directional receivers and defining directions, positions, or position lines fixed relatively to the beacon transmitters; Receivers co-operating therewith using radio waves
    • G01S1/68Marker, boundary, call-sign, or like beacons transmitting signals not carrying directional information

Abstract

A method of locating people who have been buried alive e.g. by avalance involves use of an active probe. It uses a transmitter producing an electromagnetic field which is received by a receiver using a ferrite antenna. The amplitude of the received signal gives the distance from the transmitter on the buried person to the search receiver. The received signal is fed to an amplitude to frequency converter giving an audio signal which is used to guide the searcher to the transmitter.

Description

Verfahren zur Ortung Verschütteter nach dem Prinzip der aktivenProcedure for locating buried victims based on the active principle

Sonde.Probe.

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren gemäß dem Oberbegriff des Anspruches 1.The invention relates to a method according to the preamble of the claim 1.

Die Oberlebenschancen von Lawinenverschütteten werden wesentlich bestimmt durch die Zeit zwischen Verschüttung und Befreiung.The survival chances of avalanche victims are largely determined through the time between burial and liberation.

Diese Zeit wird entscheidend bestimmt durch Such zeit und Ortungsgenauigkeit.This time is decisively determined by the search time and location accuracy.

Die üblichen Lawinensonden nach dem Prinzip der aktiven Sonde benötigen typischerweise eine Suchzeit von 3 Minuten bei einer Ortungsgenauigkeit von einigen bletern. Das hier angesprochene Verfahren ergibt bei einer etwa halbierten Suchzeit eine bessere Ortungsgenauigkeit (unter 1 m) evtl. verbunden bei einer genügenden Erfahrung des Suchenden mit einer Abschätzung der Tiefe des Verschütteten. Im Gegensatz zu den bisherigen Verfahren ist eine Feststellung der Richtung möglich, in der der Verschüttete liegt.You need the usual avalanche probes based on the active probe principle typically a search time of 3 minutes with a positioning accuracy of a few blutter. The method discussed here results in a search time that is roughly halved a better location accuracy (less than 1 m) possibly connected with a sufficient Experience of the seeker with an estimate of the depth of the buried subject. In contrast In relation to the previous procedures, it is possible to determine the direction in which the Buried lies.

Erreicht wird diese drastische Verbesserung durch das in den Ansprüchen beschriebene Verfahren. Die bekannten Lawinensonden ebenso wie die hier beschriebene arbeitet mit einer Frequenz von ca. 2000 Hz und benutzt als sendendes und empfangendes Element eine Ferrit-Spule.This drastic improvement is achieved through that in the claims described procedure. The well-known avalanche probes as well as the one described here works with a frequency of approx. 2000 Hz and used as sending and receiving Element a ferrite coil.

In Abhängigkeit vom Abstand und der räumlichen Anordnung des Ferrit-Stabes ändert sich die Amplitude des Empfangssignals. Oblicherweise wird dieses Empfangssignal über einen Kopfhörer wahrgenommen und die Lautstärke dieses Signals dient als Anzeige für die Entfernung.Depending on the distance and the spatial arrangement of the ferrite rod the amplitude of the received signal changes. Usually this received signal perceived through headphones and the volume of this signal is used as an indicator for the distance.

Erfindungsgemäß wird hier die variable Amplitude in eine variable Tonfrequenz umgewandelt d.h. im Empfänger ist ein zusätzlicher Amplitudenfrequenzwandler enthalten. Da das Ohr auf Frequenz änderungen wesentlich empfindlicher anspricht als auf Lautstärkeänderungen ist die mit diesem Zusatz ausgerüstete Sonde so empfindlich, daß Richtungsänderungen der Antenne ebenso festgestellt werden können und damit der Suchvorgang richtungsabhängig direkt zum Verschütteten stattfindet. Da im Panikfall das mit den üblichen Lawinensonden benutzte Suchsystem nach einem Orthogonalnetz meist nicht sorgfältig genug vorgenommen wird, ergibt sich im realen Einsatz ein zusätzlicher Vorteil bei Verwendung der hier beschriebenen Sonde.According to the invention, the variable amplitude becomes variable here Audio frequency converted i.e. an additional amplitude frequency converter is included in the receiver. Because the ear is much more sensitive to changes in frequency than to changes in volume the probe equipped with this additive is so sensitive that changes of direction the antenna can also be determined and thus the search process depends on the direction takes place directly to the buried subject. Since in the case of panic, that with the usual avalanche probes The search system used for an orthogonal network is usually not carried out carefully enough , there is an additional advantage in real use when using the probe described here.

Die Erfindung ist anhand der Figuren 1 und 2 erläutert. Fig. 1 zeigt das Gerät in Sendestellung. Der Generator G liefert seine Energie an eine Ferritantenne A, welche ein elektromagnetisches Feld F erzeugt.The invention is explained with reference to FIGS. 1 and 2. Fig. 1 shows the device in transmission position. The generator G supplies its energy to a ferrite antenna A, which generates an electromagnetic field F.

Fig. 2 zeigt ein Gerät in Empfangsstellung. Die entsprechende Ferritantenne A empfängt das Signal, welches in einem auf die Sendefrequenz abgestimmten selektiven Verstärker V verstärkt, in einem Gleichrichter Gl gleichgerichtet wird und ggfs. über einen Zeit-Mittelungsglied T geglättet, einem Amplitudenfrequenzwandler AF zugeführt wird, Die abgegebene Tonfrequenz wird einem Kopfhörer K angezeigt.Fig. 2 shows a device in the receiving position. The corresponding ferrite antenna A receives the signal, which is tuned to the transmission frequency in a selective Amplifier V amplified, rectified in a rectifier Gl and possibly. smoothed over a time averaging element T, an amplitude frequency converter AF The audio frequency output is displayed to a headphone K.

Es ist mit dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren möglich, eine entsprechend höhere Sendefrequenz zu wählen; dadurch kann neben Verringerung der Abmessungen der Sendespule die Pulsfolgefrequenz so erhöht werden, daß auch bei gepulstem Betrieb und Mittlung über mehrere Pulse eine Anzeigegeschwindigkeit erzielt wird, die für die Richtungssuche hinreichend ist.It is possible with the method according to the invention, a corresponding to choose a higher transmission frequency; this, in addition to reducing the dimensions the transmitter coil, the pulse repetition frequency can be increased so that even with pulsed operation and averaging over several pulses, a display speed is achieved that is suitable for the search for direction is sufficient.

L e e r s e i t eL e r s e i t e

Claims (3)

Patentansprüche Verfahren zur Ortung Verschütteter nach dem Prinzip der aktiven Sonde, bei dem der Sender ein elektromagnetisches Feld hervorruft, welches von einem Empfänger, beispielsweise unter Verwendung einer Ferritantenne empfangen wird, mit dem Ziel den Sender zu orten, und die Amplitude des Empfangssignals ein Maß für den Abstand Sender-Empfänger darstellt, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Amplitude des Empfangssignals über einen Amplituden-Frequenzwandler eine Schwingung im Hörbereich erzeugt, deren Frequenz damit den Abstand Sender-Empfänger angibt. Method for locating buried victims according to the principle the active probe, in which the transmitter creates an electromagnetic field, which received by a receiver, for example using a ferrite antenna with the aim of locating the transmitter, and the amplitude of the received signal Measure for the distance transmitter-receiver, characterized in that the Amplitude of the received signal via an amplitude-frequency converter an oscillation generated in the listening area, the frequency of which indicates the distance between the transmitter and receiver. 2. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Sender ein unmoduliertes Dauerstrichsignal sendet.2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the transmitter sends an unmodulated continuous wave signal. 3. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß bei Verwendung eines gepulsten Sendesignals eine Mittelung über mehrere (z.B. io - loo) Pulse, z.B. über ein R-C Glied erfolgt und dieses Signal in dem Amplitudenfrequenzwandler verarbeitet wird.3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that when using a pulsed transmission signal averaging over several (e.g. io - loo) pulses, e.g. via an R-C element and this signal in the amplitude frequency converter is processed.
DE19772703491 1977-01-28 1977-01-28 Location of people buried by avalanche - uses radio transmitter on victim, and portable receiver producing audio signal to guide rescue team Withdrawn DE2703491A1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19772703491 DE2703491A1 (en) 1977-01-28 1977-01-28 Location of people buried by avalanche - uses radio transmitter on victim, and portable receiver producing audio signal to guide rescue team

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19772703491 DE2703491A1 (en) 1977-01-28 1977-01-28 Location of people buried by avalanche - uses radio transmitter on victim, and portable receiver producing audio signal to guide rescue team

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
DE2703491A1 true DE2703491A1 (en) 1978-08-03

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ID=5999769

Family Applications (1)

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DE19772703491 Withdrawn DE2703491A1 (en) 1977-01-28 1977-01-28 Location of people buried by avalanche - uses radio transmitter on victim, and portable receiver producing audio signal to guide rescue team

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DE (1) DE2703491A1 (en)

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3215523C1 (en) * 1982-04-26 1983-09-29 Wilhelm Ruf KG, 8000 München Circuit arrangement for locating buried persons according to the transmitter / receiver principle
EP0236946A2 (en) * 1986-03-07 1987-09-16 Nec Corporation Mobile receiver unit having function for providing information of electric field intensity
FR2644700A1 (en) * 1989-03-21 1990-09-28 Option Device for detecting and locating victims of avalanches
FR2654632A2 (en) * 1989-03-21 1991-05-24 Option Device for detecting and locating avalanche victims
DE9400950U1 (en) * 1994-01-20 1995-08-24 Selectronic Vertriebs Gmbh Device for detecting living bodies and their use
DE4432971A1 (en) * 1994-09-16 1996-03-21 Markus Braunewell Protection system for drawing attention to removal of object e.g. handbag from person

Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3215523C1 (en) * 1982-04-26 1983-09-29 Wilhelm Ruf KG, 8000 München Circuit arrangement for locating buried persons according to the transmitter / receiver principle
EP0092600A1 (en) * 1982-04-26 1983-11-02 Wilhelm Ruf KG Method and circuit for locating buried persons according to the transmitter/receiver principle
EP0236946A2 (en) * 1986-03-07 1987-09-16 Nec Corporation Mobile receiver unit having function for providing information of electric field intensity
EP0236946A3 (en) * 1986-03-07 1989-04-26 Nec Corporation Mobile receiver unit having function for providing information of electric field intensity
FR2644700A1 (en) * 1989-03-21 1990-09-28 Option Device for detecting and locating victims of avalanches
FR2654632A2 (en) * 1989-03-21 1991-05-24 Option Device for detecting and locating avalanche victims
DE9400950U1 (en) * 1994-01-20 1995-08-24 Selectronic Vertriebs Gmbh Device for detecting living bodies and their use
DE4432971A1 (en) * 1994-09-16 1996-03-21 Markus Braunewell Protection system for drawing attention to removal of object e.g. handbag from person

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