DE2554052A1 - Tool fixture for rapid insert exchange - has socket body and hole for insert with half one side partially free - Google Patents

Abstract

The tool fixture is centrally in a machine tool spindle or forms in its own right a spindle end for exchange rapidly of inserts or tool shafts with conical, cylindrical or polygonal shape. There is a socket shaped base body (1) with normal tool fixture (2) has an appropriately shaped hole to take the quick change insert (3). By means of a short inlet reaching the axis centre, the hole is on half of its side partially free. At the end of the socket a long half ring is centrally cut to a determined width. A quick change insert (3) (or tool shaft), by reason of its appropriate guide length is fully enclosed at its upper end and at the bottom is centrally supported at an enclosed angle of about 270 deg.

Description

Short path change tool attachment for automatic handling

The invention relates to variations of a geometrically simple receptacle attachment for interchangeable inserts or tool shafts that can be dimensioned as required Guide length only requires short axial extension paths and therefore a fast - preferably rationally automated - replacement of available follow-up tools even in very tight spaces.

The tool change may only be for a very short time under rationalization requirements Cause machining pauses and should therefore allow one-handed operation or mechanically to be handled. Even in small series production, insert holders are pre-set and having tools at hand is beneficial in many ways. The tool change should be possible without long travels (idle strokes) of spindles or tables in order to Avoid loss of time and protect valuable machines from wear and tear. If follow-up tools are to be used, the change should be made without leaving the position i.e. the spindle axis can be left above the center of the hole, which is long enough Requires spindle strokes. Turret drilling machines and machining centers with tool magazines require a lot of freedom when changing tools.

A subsequent rationalization of drilling machines can be done with special - clamping tools etc. adapted to the machining tasks

can be achieved, for example for tool changes while the machine spindle is running. The so-called quick-change chucks known for this differ in the type of Torque transmission to the inserts and their locking. Accident safety Requires a long tour with sometimes a lot of play, so there is no premature removal can be done in an inclined position, which inevitably results in long and unconstrained extension paths Requires accessibility.

With only short spindle strokes available or with large workpieces or e.g. articulated spindle boring heads or the like. or clamping devices already largely utilized working height, is the change to a longer one tool Impossible without dismantling the workpiece. To counteract these disadvantages are self-locking Quick change chucks have been developed in which shorter steep cones are the guide take over. A system of quick-release clamps also achieves shorter extension paths, in which consequently the guidance and support of the centered tool holder inserts (Tool holders) on a plane surface, i.e. perpendicular to the spindle axis and the torque is transmitted through sliding blocks. The tool holders are by means of a rotatable threaded ring that is attached to the - in the machine spindle - The main body is seated, tensioned and held.

The effort is high and an application for more modest demands locked out. When several spindles are arranged close together, the large outer diameter closes a use. The necessary clamping with a powerful turning movement stands one possible automated handling.

For small torques and low demands on guidance accuracy i.e. simple coupling tasks are short extension paths with tool holder inserts known e.g. from thread cutting and drilling devices or dowel drills in the Woodworking etc ..

Such tool fastenings differ in the context considered here the end.

Long exit paths also interfere with lathes, the retraction of the Quill or even moving the tailstock itself is annoying, time-consuming and wearing out for the machine bed. Known quick-change chucks counteract this disadvantage, where the drill (held in a special interchangeable insert) from above is placed radially in the lining, which is open on the long side, which is then connected to a Handle is closed by a rotatable sleeve, with a spur toothing engages in the end of the interchangeable insert.

A quick-change chuck for tapered tool shanks is used for the same purpose known. The mounting hole is exposed above the center of the diameter and slotted lengthways, the conical tool shank is partially (approx. 2000) enclosed over its entire length and must be clamped using a hand lever. Such constructions require have a highly asymmetrical design and are therefore not suitable for use in powered Spindles thought or suitable.

The purpose of the invention is therefore to provide a device which can also be used where known quick-change chucks 3 are not, or only with Disadvantages or significantly higher costs could be used. Preferred area of application the device according to the invention are short-stroke drilling machines and drilling feed units for special machines, indexing table machines and transfer lines.

While with the latter - i.e. in series production - the fast, convenient one Tool exchange can be carried out without auxiliary tools and requires little space is in the foreground, the application advantage lies in single and small series production in the simple and precise change of subsequent tools, e.g. after initially one Device for positioning (e.g. in accordance with publication P 24 44 969.2 (G 74 31 673.7) or similar) on tools for tapping, core hole drilling, tapping, drilling, reaming, Countersinking, chamfering, etc. while maintaining the position and in a workpiece clamping, whereby simple machine tools are upgraded. Finally is special suitability for automatic, mechanized handling is taken into account. Of the necessary extension path is only a fraction of that of known devices.

To solve the problem according to the invention, it is proposed a sleeve-shaped base body 1 with standard or standard tool attachment 2 (or alternatively the end of a machine tool spindle directly) with a tapered, cylindrical or polygonal profile bore for holding quick-change inserts 3 (or alternatively appropriately designed tool shanks). By a short recess reaching to the center of the axis becomes partial on one side of the hole exposed. The half-ring of any length that remains at the end of the sleeve or spindle is cut open in the middle to a certain width. One inserted into the bore Quick-change insert 3 (or tool shaft) is then used if the guide length is sufficient fully enclosed at its upper end and at a ° wrap angle at the bottom centered by at least approx. 270.

The quick-change inserts 3 (or tool shanks) are symmetrical parallel cutouts with sufficient clearance of the slot width and length of the Base body 1 adapted accordingly.

This means that they can initially be inserted parallel from the side (radially) and by brief axial displacement for safe, centered guidance and support to be brought. One on the main body 1 sliding sleeve 4 can close the side opening in the base body 1 and protect it against transverse forces Reinforce support, or a play-free seat on its lower, one-sided Secure open ring-shaped part. For locking and torque transmission Various elements, some of which are known, are suitable and shown in the examples.

Is the main body 1 as an integrated, driven component a clamping roller clutch that can be mechanically disengaged from the outside (so-called.

One-turn clutch) executed and supported in a centered manner, see above the described advantages of the invention can also be used with mechanized or programmed automatic change, since a point shutdown of the low-mass driven part of the base body 1 from the outside (i.e. also subsequently without constructive Intervention in the machine tool) is achieved. This becomes a matter of seconds Change of preset tools even in hard-to-reach, confined spaces (Risk of injury) at low cost, because the short, straight movements can be carried out by a simple handling device equipped with a tool magazine can without taking up otherwise usable space.

Some variations of the device according to the invention are shown in the depicted Examples as follows: Morse cone shape / manual handling FIG. 1: Introduce a Tool shank, side view FIG. 2: Feed ready for use, front view partly. Sectional view

FIG. 3: Securing against pulling out, top view, sectional view.

FIG. 4: Jacket sleeve actuates ejector lever, sectional view cylindrical Form / manual handling FIG. 5: Introductory position, front view FIG. 6: flap open, sectional view FIG. 7: Insertion position, side view FIG. 8th: Example of a quick-change insert, side view FIG. 9: Example of a quick-change insert, Rear view FIG.10: Chuck ready for operation, front view, partly sectional view.

FIG.11: Engagement flap in SW insert, top view, sectional view.

Cylindrical shape / manual or mechanized handling FIG.12: Introductory position, side view, sectional view FIG. 13: Quick-change insert for collets, side view FIG. 14: Quick-change insert for collets, rear view FIG.15: Chuck ready for operation, side view in sectional view.

FIG.16: Feed ready for use (and handling elements) front view.

FIG.17: Upper oblique groove limitation, sectional view. in plan view FIG. 18: Chuck opened and insert unlocked, sectional view, conical polygonal profile shape / manual handling FIG. 19: Introductory position with insert for milling cutter, side view FIG.20: Clamping eccentric pin in engagement, top view, sectional view.

FIG.21: Chuck ready for use, front view cylindrical shape / automated Handling FIG. 22: Base body as an integrated inner part of a switchable clamping roller clutch with SW insert for mechanical handling elements, shown half-cut.

FIG.23: Ball locking of the SW inserts, sectional view. in top.

For each drawing sheet, the explanations of the execution For the sake of clarity, examples are given in the following order, i.e. they mean: A = figure no. (according to patent drawing) B = base body 1 (outer shape) C = standard tool attachment 2 (for base body 1 in machine tool spindle) D = quick-change insert 3 or tool shank 3 (outer shape) E = fastening of quick-change insert 3 in base body 1 a) locking against falling out (standstill, chuck open) b) Lock against pulling out (Operation, chuck closed) F = feed force and torque transmission from base body 1 on quick-change insert 3 (or tool shank 3) G = centered attachment of tool in quick-change insert 3, feed force and torque transmission from the quick-change insert 3 to the tool H = handling for loosening and removing of quick-change insert 3 (or tool shank 3) I = jacket sleeve 4 (position) a) Intermediate layer: open (insert) b) Bottom: closed (ready to work) c) Top: open (eject) K = special advantages and main areas of application A FIG .: 1 , 2, 3, 4 B Made from extension sleeve (DIN 2187) C Morse taper (DIN 228) D Manufactured from DIN 2185, DIN 6328, DIN 6329, DIN 345, DIN 375, DIN 335 or similar.

E a) Self-locking in the conical seat b) Jacket sleeve 4 pushes ball 5 in Notch 6 in tool shank 3 F Form-fit and force-fit by means of a cone (secured against Expanding b. Shear forces through jacket sleeve 4) G Morse inner taper # (e.g. quick-change insert 3 made of reducing sleeve DIN 2185 / slotted MK clamping sleeve with cyl.

Hole (DIN 6328/29) / direct fastening (insert 3 not applicable) H. Ejector (DIN 317) or similar / ejector lever 7 in the base body 1 by inertia the rapidly moving jacket sleeve 4 is actuated in the opposite direction (FIG. 4) I. a) Partially inhibited or braked e.g. fit and resilience b) Dowel pins 8 in jacket sleeve 4 come to a stop in the longitudinal grooves in the base body 1 (FIG. 2) cj as b) Limitation at the top by ejector lever 7 in end position K Direct pick-up of prepared tools with MK-5shaft / backlash-free, high accuracy for drilling, Countersinking, reaming / standard tools can be used via insert sleeves / from standardized Tool holders manufactured / possibly double function: jacket sleeve 4 also for ejector actuation A FIG .: 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11 B Sleeve (with drill chuck inner cone B 10 ... B 24, DIN 238) C Directly on the drill spindle cone or via taper mandrel (DIN 238) D Cylindrical, Backlash-free fit E a) Spring-loaded pressure piece 9 engages in the annular groove after thumb pressure 10 a b) flap 11 engages under the edges of Si insert 3 (form fit) F front side of SW insert 3 rests in a ring on the bottom of the hole / feather key 12 or driving pins G narrow cyl. Fit, driving surface on the tool shank, pressure screws in the SW insert 3 H Push up the jacket sleeve, open the flap, pull the thumb to the resilient pressure piece overcome I a) By opening the flap or inhibited or braked b) Pin 13 in Base body 1, stop in groove d. Jacket sleeve 4 c) as b) K dynamically balanced through flap (for higher speed ranges) / slim design / one-hand operation A FIG .: 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18 B Sleeve (with drill chuck inner cone B 10 ... B 24, DIN 238) C Directly on the drill spindle cone or via a taper mandrel (DIN 238) (with mechanized Handling: secured by e.g. threaded pin 14 (FIG. 16)) D Cylindrical, backlash-free Fit, cut cross-hole at the upper end E a) Spring-loaded, stepped cross-pin 15 snaps into place (FIG. 12) b) locking by inclined groove 16 d. Jacket sleeve 4 (FIG.15) F. Positive locking by cross pin 15 (cylindrical or conical) (safety: cross pin positively driven in two parallel inclined grooves 16 in jacket sleeve 4 G collet of any type (FIG.14), support with threaded pin H pushing up jacket sleeve 4 to end position releases lock (FIG. 18) (slipping out possible due to own weight) I a) cross pin and groove base shape (spring pretensioned) (FIG.12) b) Stop pin closes groove on top from (FIG.15 and 17) c) Groove bottom of the jacket sleeve below K 4uerstiftverriegelung with Multi-purpose function / one-hand operation / automatic handling of the tool change through fork-shaped mechanical gripper possible (FIG. 16) A FIG .: 19, 20, 21 B Heavy version of the basic body 1 together with C steep taper (30 ... 60), with tightening thread (DIN 2080) D Folygon profile, conical E a) Eccentric pin 17 clamped (upper clamping position, Self-locking) b) as for a) F Backlash-free form fit, secured d. Clamping eccentric pin 17 support d. Jacket sleeve 4 as a threaded ring with a conical seat G milling cutter holder DIN 13B (FIG. 21) H Unscrew the jacket sleeve 4, push it up and click into place, with the clamping eccentric pin 17 Loosen the SW insert 3 I a) not applicable b) jacket sleeve 4 screwed tight against the conical seat c) Spring pressure piece in base body 1, annular groove in jacket sleeve 4 K Play-free transmission high cutting forces even with liluerload e.g. milling, interrupted cuts, large Bores A FIG .: 22, 23 B sleeve, designed as a centered radial and axial bearing, Integrated, driven inner part blocked against forward movement by sleeve freewheel 18 a pinch roller clutch 19 that can be switched off precisely at an angle, its outer jacket and Bearing pin 20 are connected to the spindle via standard tool attachment 2 or alternatively form the end of a machine tool spindle.

C s. B D Cylindrical with collar with parallel cutouts and bore or drive slot E a) ring groove, balls 21, rotating ring 22 (with spring balancer) b) as for a) collar and driving pin 23 G optional H External stop causes a known Way, the angularly accurate setting of the base body 1, fork-shaped mechan. Handling element grips quick-change insert 3 and pulls it out first axially and then radially, after previously rotating ring 22 - actuated from the outside at the same time - the ball lock has released I not applicable K prerequisite for - even retrospective - simple mechan. respectively.

autom. Handling without interfering with the machine tool drive, especially in confined spaces L e r s e i t e

Claims (6)

Claims S Tool fastening, in machine tool spindle centered # insertable or even forming the end of a spindle, for interchangeable Quick-change inserts or tool shanks with a cone, cylinder or polygon profile shape, as a result, that a base body (1) - which also has the centered radially and axially mounted, blocked against forward movement by a sleeve freewheel (18), Driven integrated inner part of a pinch roller clutch that can be switched off at precise angles (19) can be, the driving outer jacket including the offset bearing pin (20) is to be connected to a spindle via standard tool fastening (2) or itself forms the end of a spindle - one of the outer shape of the quick-change insert (3) respectively. Tool shank (3) has adapted receiving hole, which is through a Recess reaching to the center of the axis, in a recess that takes into account the axial extension path Length, partially exposed and its lower end in the middle of a half ring side such a width is cut that one by dimensionally corresponding bilateral parallel symmetrical flat cutouts designed quick-change insert (3) or tool shank (3) brought in parallel, not twisted, and inserted radially can then be pushed in axially, making it a safe guide over one to be dimensioned as required, from the short axial insertion path (withdrawal path) independent, length as the laterally limited open lower end is arbitrary can be made long and, if necessary, additionally enclosed without play by a jacket sleeve (4) supported, allows a large wrap angle (approx. 270). 2. Tool fastening according to claim 1, characterized in that g e k e n n -z e i c h n e t that the base body (1), standard tool attachment (2) and quick-change insert (3) or tool shank (3) can be produced from standardized clamping tools or tools are. 3. Tool fastening according to claim 1, characterized in that g e k e n n -z e i c h n e t that the quick-change insert (3) or tool shank (3) prevents it from falling out can be locked or locked against being pulled out by means of a spring-loaded pressure piece (9) in quick-change insert (3) and flap (11), or clamping eccentric pin t17), which can be used for loosening at the same time, or balls (21) engaging in the annular groove which are supported or released with the rotating ring (22). 4. Tool fastening according to claim 1, characterized in that g e k e n n -z e i c h n e t that feed force and torque transmission from the base body (1) to the quick-change insert (3) or tool shank (3) takes place by backlash-free form fit, with jacket sleeve (4) can be designed as a threaded ring with a conical seat or a quick-change insert (3) has a federal government with parallel cutouts on the sides for mechan. Handling elements is provided and a hole or a driving slot for driving pin (23) having. 5. Tool fastening according to claim 1, characterized in that g e k e n n -z eic h n e t that locking, locking, supporting against feed force and torque transmission be taken over by a displaceable resilient offset cross pin (15), which in two parallel inclined grooves (16) with a curve shape at their lower ends positively actuated by the jacket sleeve (4) can occupy three layers and thereby at the same time three corresponding positions of jacket sleeve (4) determined in one Cut cross-hole at the upper end of the quick-change insert (3) or tool shank (3) engages positively. 6. Tool fastening according to claim 1, characterized in that g e k e n n -z e i c h n e t that jacket sleeve (4) has an ejector lever acting in the axial direction Actuate (7) in the main body (1) while advantageously reversing the direction of movement can.