DE255316C

DE255316C -

Info

Publication number: DE255316C
Application number: DENDAT255316D
Authority: DE

Description

KAISERLICHESIMPERIAL

PATENTAMT.PATENT OFFICE.

PATENTSCHRIFTPATENT LETTERING

- JVl 255316 -KLASSE 2\g. GRUPPE - JVl 255316 - CLASS 2 \ g. GROUP

Dr. LUIGI CEREBOTANI in MÜNCHEN.Dr. LUIGI CEREBOTANI in MUNICH.

Patentiert im Deutschen Reiche vom 21. Januar 1912 ab.Patented in the German Empire on January 21, 1912.

Es handelt sich um die Erzeugung eines Wechselstromes klarer und gleichmäßiger Impulse, je nachdem mehr oder weniger frequent, mittels eines verhältnismäßig quantitativ schwachen Gleichstromes.It is about the generation of an alternating current of clear and uniform impulses, depending on the more or less frequent use, by means of a relatively quantitatively weak one Direct current.

Der aus der Induktion sich ergebende Wechselstrom wird gewöhnlich erzeugt entweder mittels eines sog. Primärstromes, welcher häufig unterbrochen wird oder Schwankungen unterliegtThe alternating current resulting from the induction is usually generated either by means of a so-called primary current, which is frequently interrupted or is subject to fluctuations

ίο (Ruhmkorffs Induktor, Telephoninduktionsspule u. dgl.) oder mittels eines Kernes aus weichem Eisen in einer Metallspirale, welcher durch die häufige wiederholte Annäherung und Entfernung eines Stahlmagneten jedesmal magnetisch und gleich darauf unmagnetisch wird (Clarkmaschine, Dynamomaschine). In vorliegendem aber wirken Strom und permanenter Magnetismus derart zusammen, daß die Unterbrechungen oder Schwankungen des ersteren eine ebenso frequente Umkehrung der Polaritäten und folglich eine gesteigerte Äußerung der magnetischen gegenseitigen Wirkung an den betreffenden Polen zur Folge haben. Es ist nun eben diese potenzierte Äußerung, welche in dem vorliegenden Wechselstromgenerator die Induzierung des Wechselstromes hervorzubringen hat. Fig. ι stellt die gedachte Anordnung der Elektromagnete und permanenten Magnete dar. Fig. 2 führt die vollständige Einrichtung bzw. die genannte Anordnung im Zusammenhang mit der fraglichen Induktionspule vor Augen. Die Einrichtung Fig. 1 als polarisierte elektromagnetische Anordnung ist bereits bekannt. Sie setzt sich zusammen aus einem Elektromagnetenpaar E einerseits und aus zwei Kernen s, r in den hierzu gehörenden Spulen anderseits, welche Kerne aus weichem Eisen unter der Wirkung eines permanenten Magneten SM stehen. Zwischen den vier Polen befindet sich ein gemeinsamer Anker A aus weichem Eisen derart drehbar gelagert, daß er seitens der zwei genannten Kerne oder seitens der Pole des Elektromagneten E gegebenenfalls angezogen ist. Ist kein Strom vorhanden, so bleibt der Anker seitens der Kerne s, r angezogen. Fließt aber ein Strom über q, p, r, s (vgl. Fig. 2), welcher eine der des permanenten Magnetismus entgegengesetzte Richtung hat, so kehren sich die Polaritäten derart um, daß der Anker A nicht nur seitens des Magneten E mit erhöhter Energie wegen seiner eigenen in entgegengesetzter Richtung entgegenkommenden Pole angezogen wird, sondern daß er gleichzeitig von den jetzt dem Anker gleichnamigen Magnetismus entgegenbringenden Kernen s, r abgestoßen wird.ίο (Ruhmkorff's inductor, telephone induction coil, etc.) or by means of a core made of soft iron in a metal spiral, which becomes magnetic and immediately afterwards non-magnetic due to the frequent repeated approach and removal of a steel magnet (Clark machine, dynamo machine). In the present case, however, current and permanent magnetism work together in such a way that the interruptions or fluctuations of the former result in an equally frequent reversal of the polarities and consequently an increased expression of the mutual magnetic effect at the respective poles. It is precisely this increased expression which has to produce the induction of the alternating current in the alternating current generator in question. Fig. Ι shows the imaginary arrangement of the electromagnets and permanent magnets. Fig. 2 shows the complete device or the arrangement mentioned in connection with the induction coil in question. The device Fig. 1 as a polarized electromagnetic arrangement is already known. It is composed of a pair of electromagnets E on the one hand and two cores s, r in the associated coils on the other hand, which cores made of soft iron are under the action of a permanent magnet SM . Between the four poles there is a common armature A made of soft iron rotatably mounted in such a way that it is attracted by the two named cores or by the poles of the electromagnet E, if necessary. If there is no current, the armature remains attracted to the nuclei s, r. However, if a current flows through q, p, r, s (see. Fig. 2), which has a direction opposite to that of permanent magnetism, the polarities are reversed in such a way that the armature A is not only increased by the magnet E Energy is attracted because of its own poles coming in the opposite direction, but that it is repelled at the same time by the nuclei s, r, which now have the same magnetism as the armature.

Aus dem Vorhergehenden ergibt sich, daß · i. das wechselseitige Einsetzen und Aussetzen der magnetischen Momente, welche infolge von sich häufig bildenden Schließungen und öffnungen eines Stromes auftreten, nur ein recht deutliches, bestimmtes und recht scharf abgegrenztes und kein verschwommenes, wie es sonst gar oft bei sehr schnellen Unterbrechungen der Fall ist, sein kann; 2. daß im Falle der Anwendung eines Selbstunterbrechers su, wie Fig. 2 zeigt, die Frequenz der Unterbrechungen eine ungemein große ist und je nach der Justierung, bis zu vielen Hunderten pro Sekunde bei ganz gleichmäßigem Ausschlag hin und her gesteigert werden kann; 3. daß sogar die Schwankungen eines, wenn noch so schwachenFrom the foregoing it follows that · i. the alternating onset and suspension of the magnetic moments, which occur as a result of the frequent closures and openings of a current, can only be a very clear, definite and very sharply demarcated one, and not a blurred one, as is otherwise often the case with very rapid interruptions can; 2. that in the case of using a self- interrupter see below, as shown in FIG. 2, the frequency of the interruptions is extremely high and, depending on the adjustment, can be increased back and forth up to many hundreds per second with a very even deflection; 3. that even the fluctuations of one, no matter how weak

6565

Claims

Stromes, ζ. B. that of speaking in a telephone, can be reproduced very sharply and clearly at the poles of this arrangement, and 4., finally, that the effect of permanent magnetism with a corresponding number of wire windings can be such that the arrangement becomes a kind of electrical Magneto multiplier is expressed in a decisive, most effective way by the least energy ( ¹ Ao ¹ Ao ^{and even less of milliamps).}

These advantages now form the basis of the manufacture of the present alternator. The clear, sharply separated magnetic phenomena just highlighted, be it from the closures and openings, or from the fluctuations of a current, are evidently played out in the same way in the piece of iron K, which is either supported as an armature or as a core in the coil / 5 from the fact that in it there is an equal determination in the interruptions and in the reversal of polarities as well as an equal strength and sharpness in the individual magnetic moments. If it really behaves as it has actually been proven, no further proof is required as in the case of a winding around the core K. corresponding to the purpose, an equally sharply pronounced alternating current arises on the same, which corresponds to the magnetic moments just emphasized on the core.

Of the various uses of this

AC generator is mentioned here, for example, that which is used to power a small engine, z. B. for household use, to feed by means of a relatively weak and economical direct current. This direct current is precisely that which, by means of a self-interrupter (FIG. 2), as indicated, is more or less depending on the adjustment. interrupts quickly and thereby in a very peculiar way, as explained, brings about the alternating current in question at the coil ■ JS. Regarding the clear concept of the process, it should be emphasized here again that the value of induction or the scope and efficiency of the resulting alternating current is not due to the type and number of interruptions in the self-interrupter or the nature of the sparks that occur here, but can be appreciated in the type and number of the magnetic moments that are expressed at the four poles, as shown.

A very interesting application of the present arrangement will be that of a reliable reproduction in the receiver of a telephone of the fluctuations produced by speaking into the microphone even with a very weak current. The reason a very. weak current, which has to feed the microphone, cannot find any echo at the receiver, especially if the latter is very far away (e.g. from continent to continent, in which case the line current cannot be other than an extremely weak one) , is precisely the lack of a remedy that reacts to the smallest, even the slightest fluctuations. This means is now available in the device in FIG. The armature or the core K is of course arranged immovably in this case. Both a microphone in connection with a small inductor, as is common practice, and a microphone connected directly to the line wire L can be used as the transmitting device. Fig. 2 readily shows how the receiving device should be designed. The line current (direct current or alternating current) with its jerks and fluctuations goes back and forth around the four coils q, p, r, s in such a way that it is expressed at the four poles by the magnetic phenomena which we have just discussed became. The ear tube, which is connected to the wires m, m by means of the usual cord, now reproduces these magnetic phenomena in a much clearer way, since they are initially produced in the core K and thus in an even more intensified manner in the manner corresponding to the purpose Play reel / S. ■

Ρλτεντ claim:

Device for amplifying an alternating or interrupted current by means of an iron piece located between the four poles of a polarized and an opposing non-polarized electromagnet, characterized in that a coil (JS) surrounds this iron piece and the magnetic fluctuations of the iron piece inductively in its Circuits (J, s, m, m) . ' ^:

1 sheet of drawings.