DE2552532A1 - Navigational radar and direction finding installation - cancels space wave errors using double frame on rotating beam and antiphase switching of receiving system voltages - Google Patents
Navigational radar and direction finding installation - cancels space wave errors using double frame on rotating beam and antiphase switching of receiving system voltagesInfo
- Publication number
- DE2552532A1 DE2552532A1 DE19752552532 DE2552532A DE2552532A1 DE 2552532 A1 DE2552532 A1 DE 2552532A1 DE 19752552532 DE19752552532 DE 19752552532 DE 2552532 A DE2552532 A DE 2552532A DE 2552532 A1 DE2552532 A1 DE 2552532A1
- Authority
- DE
- Germany
- Prior art keywords
- polarization
- elevation
- direction finder
- radio direction
- receiving
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
- H01Q21/06—Arrays of individually energised antenna units similarly polarised and spaced apart
- H01Q21/08—Arrays of individually energised antenna units similarly polarised and spaced apart the units being spaced along or adjacent to a rectilinear path
- H01Q21/12—Parallel arrangements of substantially straight elongated conductive units
- H01Q21/14—Adcock antennas
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S3/00—Direction-finders for determining the direction from which infrasonic, sonic, ultrasonic, or electromagnetic waves, or particle emission, not having a directional significance, are being received
- G01S3/02—Direction-finders for determining the direction from which infrasonic, sonic, ultrasonic, or electromagnetic waves, or particle emission, not having a directional significance, are being received using radio waves
- G01S3/04—Details
- G01S3/043—Receivers
Abstract
Description
In engem räumlichen Zusammenhang mit einer Rad ar anlageIn close spatial connection with a radar system
mit rotierender Antenne betriebener Funkpeiler Die Erfinduna betrifft eine Anordnunadurch die die idder AS 22 26 195 beschriebene kombinierte Radar-und in ihren Anwendungsmöglichkeiten|so erweitert wird, dass die mit der rotierenden PeilanordnEng erzielten Peilergebnisse nachteffektfrei,d.h. frei von durch Raumwellen bedingtenpeilfehlern, sind. Direction finder operated with rotating antenna the The invention relates to an arrangement that combines the idder AS 22 26 195 described Radar and its possible uses | is expanded to include the rotating PeilanordnEng DF results achieved without night effects, i.e. free from by sky waves conditional bearing errors are.
Einer solchen Anordnung kommt für den Mittel-und Grenzwellenbereich eine besondere Bedeutung zu,weil es bisher nicht möglich war,an Bord von Schiffen für den Navigationswellenbereich und den Grenzwellenbereich nachteffektfreie Peilanlagen zu errichten.Such an arrangement is used for the medium and cut-off wave ranges a special meaning because it was previously not possible on board ships For the navigation wave range and the limit wave range, direction finding systems free of night effects to build.
Die Adcock-Antennensysteme,mit denen man nachteffektfreie Peilungen(raumwellenfehlerfreie Peilungen)durchführen kann,haben im Mittel-und Grenzwellen-Bereich so grosse räumliche Dimensionen,dass eine Unterbringung an Bord eines Schiffes praktisch nicht möglich ist.In Fällen,in denen solche Peilungen unbedingt von ord eines Schiffes aus möglich gemacht werden mussten,waren erhebliche schiffbauliche Veränderungen an den Aufbauten erforderlich,so dass ein solches Schiff für seinen üblichen Einsatz nicht mehr in Frage kam.The Adcock antenna systems, with which one can get bearings free of night effects (space-wave error-free Bearings) can carry out, have such large spatial in the medium and cut-off wave range Dimensions that an accommodation on board a ship is practically impossible In cases in which such bearings are absolutely possible from the ord of a ship had to be made, there were considerable structural changes to the superstructure required, so that such a ship for its normal use no longer in Question came.
Die erfindungsgemässen Vorschläge lassen sich nun dadurch realisieren,dass die in Figur 1 b der AS 22 26 195 angegebene Peilantennenanordnung 2',die ein Beispiel für eine für den Mittel-und Grenzwellenbereich bestimmte Peilantennenanordnung,den bekannten Drehrahmen,darstellt,durch eine sogenannte Doppelrahmenanordnung ersetzt wird.Die bekannten Doppelrahmenpeilantennensysteme sind in zwei verschiedenen Anordnungen bekannt.In der sogenannten koplanaren Anordnung werden anstelle der in Fig. 1b der AS 22 26 195 angegebenen Anordnung mit einem einzelnenfin der Drehachse angeordneten Peilrahmen 2' zwei solche Rahmen in einem Abstand,wie er etwa der Länge der Radarantenne 1 entspricht, angeordnet (s.Fiqur 1).Eei der koaxialeL nung ( s. Figur 2) sind die beiden Rahmen in ihrer Orientierung um 900 gedreht,so dass ihre Flächen senkrecht zu dem Verbindungsbalken stehen (die Lote auf die Rahmenflächen fallen also in die gleiche Richtung,verlaufen also"koaxial").The proposals according to the invention can now be implemented in that the DF antenna arrangement 2 'indicated in FIG. 1 b of AS 22 26 195, which is an example for a DF antenna arrangement intended for the medium and cut-off wave range, the known rotating frame, is replaced by a so-called double frame arrangement The known double frame DF antenna systems are in two different arrangements In the so-called coplanar arrangement, the AS 22 26 195 specified arrangement arranged with a single fin of the axis of rotation Peilrahmen 2 'two such frames at a distance such as the length of the radar antenna 1 corresponds to arranged (see Fiqur 1). With the coaxial line (see Fig. Figure 2) the two frames are rotated in their orientation by 900, so that their Surfaces are perpendicular to the connecting beam (the perpendicular to the frame surfaces fall in the same direction, ie run "coaxially").
Eine Doppelrahmenanordnung besitzt zwei um 1800 versetzte Nullstellen,die senkrecht zur Richtung des Verbindungsbalkens,also zur Zeichenebene orientiert sind.Die Richtung dieser Nullstellen,die (bis auf die Seitenbestimmung) das Peilazimut liefert,ist,wie sich leicht anschaulich zeigen lässt, deshalb von Elevation und Polarisation der im Grosskreis einfallenden Wellen unabhängig,weil die von jedem Rahmen gelieferten Spannungen dann,wender Drehbalken senkrecht zur Grosskreisebene orientiert ist,immer einander gleich sind,so dass ihre Differenz immer null ist.A double frame arrangement has two zeros offset by 1800, the are oriented perpendicular to the direction of the connecting bar, i.e. to the plane of the drawing The direction of these zeros, which (with the exception of the side determination) provides the bearing azimuth, is how can be easily shown, therefore of the elevation and polarization of the Waves incident in the great circle are independent because those supplied by each frame Tensions always turn when the rotating beam is oriented perpendicular to the plane of the great circle are equal to each other so that their difference is always zero.
Bei den vorstehend beschriebenen Doppelrahmenanordnungen können die Rahmen auch durch beliebig ausgebildete Empfangsantennen ersetzt werden,ohne dass dadurch die polarisations-und elevationswinkelunabhängige Lage der Peilminima,also des nachteffektfreien Systems beeinträchtigt wird.Die einzige Voraussetzung dafür ist,dass die beiden beliebig auszubildenden Empfangsantennen einander gleich sind.In the double frame arrangements described above, the Frame can also be replaced by receiving antennas of any design without thereby the position of the bearing minima, which is independent of the polarization and elevation angle, ie of the nocturnal effect-free system, the only requirement for this is that the two receiving antennas, which can be designed as desired, are identical to one another.
Einejfür den konstruktiven Zusammenbau mit dem rotierenden Radarbalken geeignete Empfangsanordnung ist ein mit einer Wicklung versehener Ferritstab,wie er in der AS 22 26 195 in der Figur 1 c beispielsweise in der Ausführungsform 2" gezeigt ist.Eine mit zwei solchen Ferritstäben versehene polarisationsfehlerfreie Peilanordnung ist in Figur 3 dieser Anmeldung schematisch gezeichnet.Als Ausführungsbeispiel für eine beliebig gestaltete Empfangsantennenanordnung kann auch ein Ferritkreuzrahmen zur Anwendung kommen.Eine solche Anordnung mit zwei Ferritkreuzrahmen an den Enden des rotierenden Radarbalkens zeigt Figur 4 (von oben gesehen).One for structural assembly with the rotating radar beam suitable receiving arrangement is a ferrite rod provided with a winding, such as he in AS 22 26 195 in Figure 1c for example in embodiment 2 " A polarization error-free one provided with two such ferrite rods The bearing arrangement is shown schematically in FIG. 3 of this application. As an exemplary embodiment A ferrite cross frame can also be used for an arbitrarily designed receiving antenna arrangement such an arrangement with two ferrite cross frames Figure 4 shows (viewed from above) at the ends of the rotating radar bar.
Falls für den Bereich der längeren Wellen der Abstand der beiden Empfangsgebilde der Doppelrahmenpeilanordnung zur Erzielung ausreichender Empfindlichkeit die Länge des Radarbalkens nicht gross genug ist,kann durch Zwischenschaltung von Antennenverstärkern am Fusspunkt jeder einzelnen Antenne (oder/und in der'Mitte des Systems) die Empfindlichlceit auf ein für die praktischen Bedürfnisse ausreichendes Mass gebracht werden.If for the range of longer waves the distance between the two receiving structures the double frame direction finder arrangement to achieve sufficient sensitivity the length of the radar bar is not large enough, by interposing antenna amplifiers at the base of each individual antenna (and / or in the middle of the system) the sensitivity be brought to a level sufficient for practical needs.
Für die Bestimmung der Lage der das Peilazimut bestimmenden Peilminima wird erfindungsgemäss eine Anordnung vorgeschlagen,bei der die resultierende Peilspannung bei rotierendem Radarsystem laufend digital gemessen wird und das Minimum aus den Spannungswerten bei Unterschreiten einer bestimmten unteren Reizschwelle aus den gespeicherten einzelnen Messwerten durch Mittelung digital angezeigt wird.For determining the position of the bearing minima that determine the bearing azimuth According to the invention, an arrangement is proposed in which the resulting bearing voltage with a rotating radar system is continuously digitally measured and the minimum from the Voltage values when falling below a certain lower stimulus threshold from the stored individual measured values is displayed digitally by averaging.
Das Peilazimut kann natürlich bei Bedarf auch,wie in der AS 22 26 195 angegeben,in den Radarschirm zwecks Zuordnung zu bestimmten Radaranzeigen eingeblendet werden.The bearing azimuth can of course also be used if necessary, as in AS 22 26 195 indicated on the radar screen for the purpose of assignment to certain radar displays will.
Claims (6)
Priority Applications (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE19752552532 DE2552532A1 (en) | 1975-11-22 | 1975-11-22 | Navigational radar and direction finding installation - cancels space wave errors using double frame on rotating beam and antiphase switching of receiving system voltages |
SE7613535A SE7613535L (en) | 1975-11-22 | 1976-12-02 | SELECTIVE HERBICIDES |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE19752552532 DE2552532A1 (en) | 1975-11-22 | 1975-11-22 | Navigational radar and direction finding installation - cancels space wave errors using double frame on rotating beam and antiphase switching of receiving system voltages |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
DE2552532A1 true DE2552532A1 (en) | 1977-05-26 |
Family
ID=5962434
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
DE19752552532 Pending DE2552532A1 (en) | 1975-11-22 | 1975-11-22 | Navigational radar and direction finding installation - cancels space wave errors using double frame on rotating beam and antiphase switching of receiving system voltages |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
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DE (1) | DE2552532A1 (en) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US11398685B2 (en) | 2019-10-18 | 2022-07-26 | Rohde & Schwarz Gmbh & Co. Kg | Antenna system and antenna controlling method |
-
1975
- 1975-11-22 DE DE19752552532 patent/DE2552532A1/en active Pending
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US11398685B2 (en) | 2019-10-18 | 2022-07-26 | Rohde & Schwarz Gmbh & Co. Kg | Antenna system and antenna controlling method |
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Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
OI | Miscellaneous see part 1 | ||
OHW | Rejection |