DE2549734A1 - Combined automatic rapid fire firearm and launcher - fires caseless cartridges with bullets and grenades of signalling ammunition - Google Patents

Abstract

The automatic firearm with integrated universal firing device is used esp. for firing small calibre caseless ammunition as well as grenades and light signal ammunition. The lightweight firearm has high firing frequency and the caseless small calibre ammunition consists of bullets embedded into propellant charge. The central firearm housing (1) has a guide sleeve (2) for the breech block. A protection and guide tube is provided for the barrel assembly (5). The hollow stock (12) accommodates a gear wheel shaped magazine. The hand protection box (13) accommodates built in universal firing device (22) and a double trigger. The breech block system operates with short strokes and with opposite travel.

Description

Automatic firearm and ammunition

with integrated universal shooting device The invention relates to a automatic firearm with integrated universal shooting device, which is available as a short-build Hande firearm, with a counter-rotating method based on the principle of the mass lock The barrel / barrel system with a short stroke, especially for shooting of relatively small-caliber projectiles embedded in powder pellet propellants (high rate), the type of which is called caseless ammunition, is used.

It is well known that attempts have been made for decades to introduce so-called caseless ammunition also for automatic handguns.

The history of caseless ammunition and the current state of the art Weapons and ammunition development in this area is based on the ones listed at the end Publications can be found in the relevant specialist and data literature.

When examining the proposals made so far, it is noticeable that on the feed and locking mechanisms originally designed for cartridge ammunition well-known handgun models, only different shape changes or modifications be proposed without breaking new ground constructively.

bo are the locking systems that have been used up to now for automatic bullets, especially because of their robust and intermittent feeding mechanism, for a ball glued together with abrasives (e.g. powder compacts, glued together) powder, etc.> coated bullet, because of its relatively soft and fragile surface, unsuitable.

Likewise, with the suggestions made so far, those for one are sufficient sufficient gas leakage of the interlocking breech and cartridge chamber systems, hardly for a rough and acidic operation.

The invention is based on the object of a reliably working automatic handgun, light in weight and high in success, with both caseless ammunition and rifle grenades of all kinds, as well as light and Signal ammunition - independently of each other - can be fired by known Weapon parts / assemblies rearranged to form a harmoniously functioning unit.

Such a self-contained and made up of a few simple assemblies Existing weapon system, not only lowers procurement and operating costs (ammunition), but also brings significant logistical advantages. This also becomes the struggling Soldier is more independent of the ongoing supply problems because he is, for example is enabled to use a considerably larger amount of ammunition compared to a rifle (+3 to be able to carry with you, and the universal shooting device integrated into the weapon makes him an "allrond fighter".

According to the invention, these objects are achieved, inter alia, by that in a spur-wheel-like, axially parallel to the gun barrel rotating clockwise Cassette magazine, whose circumferentially distributed barrel-shaped tubular sleeves, each containing a complete "firing unit" (= projectile with propellant charge and detonating element), during the opening time of the barrel / barrel system, which works in opposite directions in accordance with the boxer principle, successively switched to a 12 o'clock position coaxial to the core axis (turret principle), during the closing process caused by closing springs, from shock-free and vibration-free conical recesses of the bolt head and the ratchet bearing sliding over it, up to the mutually gas-lathering stop, when the "ZERO" point is reached the closed position, can be ignited (open system).

For the ignition of the "firing units", both conventional (rimfire, firing pin or ignition pin-like) ignitions, as well state-of-the-art firing systems provided.

Min essential feature of the invention is that when ignition failures occur neither an OUT OF DECORATION nor the associated EJECTING of the "failure" is necessary is.

in such a @all is done by manual repeating, which is under the pressure of the closing springs locking # barrel / tube system open, the "failing" Firing unit released, and thereby the cartridge magazine to a new firing unit forwarded.

The lack of extractor and ejector elements means one simplification (uncomplication) of the weapon system, and thus an elimination of dysfunction.

The proposed one is harmoniously rounded off and thereby perfected srfindung further by the fact that the wrund ammunition supply set is not in one of the known bulky magazine types (curve, box, rod or drum magazine), but is arranged in the hollow buttstock of the weapon in such a way that the individual thrust sets (spur gear-like Cassette magazines), from a lifting and switching device, continuously into the Firing position to be promoted.

If, on the other hand, for structural reasons (other closure or gas liner systems, etc.) Desired or necessary to relocate the magazines of the cassette magazines in such a way that that their removal # by the lifting and switching device, from the weft direction towards the piston skirt, the principle of axially parallel mounting is required to the gun barrel, thereby retained by placing the same in a corresponding recess of the front glove box takes place.

Thanks to the special design of the barrel or

Tube interiors, for example in the form of conical and / or cylindrical graduated sections, bullets can be made with over-calibrated flange mushroom cones, Bulges and the like

are provided, granted increased initial speed and thereby their accuracy and range are increased.

Another prominent design feature in the speech standing invention is that according to the laid-open specification (0S) 2 204 615 beksnutettelescope-like extendable) shooting device, for firing oversized and special ammunition (rifle grenades of all kinds, light and signal ammunition, etc.) can be accommodated in the hand protection box, and is integrated with the gun's suction and sighting systems.

It is logical and obvious that the proposed invention is not exhausted solely in the above-mentioned features of the invention. So it also includes combined drives for the locking system as well as gas pressure controlled drives Releases.

The proposed invention demonstrates plausibly and convincingly that it meets a maximum of requirements that an automatic handgun must be made out of both xsog,) caseless ammunition, rifle grenades etc., independently of one another and under all combat conditions can, namely: a) The weapon is extremely short, consisting of a few simple assemblies. It is light in weight and has reduced recoil. High-speed projectiles of reduced caliber and high rate of fire good accuracy on target.

The main use of pressed and stamped parts, in particular modern high-strength plastic mixtures, as well as largely reduced cutting Shaping, ensure inexpensive mass production.

b) The shot units used in spur gear-like cassette magazines, consisting of a powder compact (glued ball powder or similar) with ignition charge, which envelops the projectile and the surface of which is relatively fragile, are not removed from belts or known magazine types during the feeding and loading process, conveyed with rough knocks into the cartridge chamber or cargo / combustion chamber, as can be seen in other proposals (e.g. OS 2246854). The cassette magazine, with The shot unit used is particularly suitable for efficient mass production.

c) The previous individual loads, such as signal pistols, hand-held firing devices for incendiary and smoke bullets (AS 1678606) and special rifle grenade devices superfluous by the weapon according to the invention. The soldier is relieved considerably and made more agile for battle.

The total procurement costs and the pole costs are accordingly lowered.

The details of the invention are from the description below and the accompanying drawings.

The basic features can be used individually for other forms of execution can be used individually or in groups in any combination.

They show: FIG. 1 a (partial) vertical section through the weapon in the area of the bolt barrel / pipe system and the trigger box as well as the ammunition magazine in the hollow piston skirt, FIG. 2 shows a cross section through the weapon along the Line "0" -.- o "of FIG. 1, FIG. 3 a front view of the weapon with hand protection box, Lid and protective cap for the inserted (universal) shooting device, FIG. 4 a Top view of the (standing) spur gear-like cassette magazine, FIG. 5 the side view of FIG.4, and FIG.6 the weapon ready to fire from the right, with on the telescopic Extended (universal) shooting device, with attached rifle grenade.

For example, an elliptical central weapon housing t, 1a takes in the rear part 1c of its upper backbone-like upper part 1b, 1c, 1c'die Guide sleeve 2 with the sliding bushes 2a for the cylindrical lock 9,9a, 9b, 9c, and in its front part 1c 'the protective / guide tube 3 with the sliding bushes 3a, for the barrel / tube group 4,4a ... 4d, 5,5a.

On the lower part a of the weapon housing 1 are (from behind the hollow piston shaft 12, for holding the spur-type cassette magazines 22 ... 30 (see also FIGS. 4 + 5), and (from the front) the hand protection box 13 with the (universal) shooting device stored inside 22 as well as the trigger box 14 and the foldable handle 17, blocked.

Mode of operation and special details (especially for the charging and shooting processes) Before shooting begins, a tensioning crank device (not shown in the upper part of the housing 1b), the uniform Stroke of the counter-rotating movements of lock 9 ... 9c and barrel / tube group 4 ... 4d, 5,5a controls synchronously, these gun parts pulled apart and in their "OPEN" position S # "O" #S 'brought and from catching noses (cams) one axially parallel to the gun barrel in the Upper part of the weapon housing 1 and slot-like openings in the guide sleeve 2 and the protective / guide tube 3 arranged bzug control shaft (not shown) caught at the same time, with their closing springs supported on abutments 6,10 7.11 to be stretched.

During the closing movement (folding in) of the side-swiveling ejector flap 20 (for empty cassette magazines) is via a lever linkage (not shown) the from shot to shot shiftable driver pin 18, its support bearing 18a in a Guide 19 slides with the cassette magazine grasped by it from the piston shaft 12 21 (from the feed level y) into the "fire" position x, with one in the circumferentially distributed Kohrhülsen a / a '- f / f' (FIG.4 / 5) located "shot unit" (= projectile, encased by a propellant mass and ignition element) Ignition element) comes to stand coaxially to the Seelena @ hse 5a (FIG.1#12-@hr-Ststellung).

When the (rear) trigger 16 is operated, its axle pin 16a a arranged in the weapon housing 1,1a lever linkage moves so that the top mentioned trigger control shaft is rotated until its catching lugs (cams) the Locked by them 9 ... 9c (at point S) and the barrel / barrel group 4 ... 4d, 5,5a (at latch S ') released by the tensioned closing springs 7,11 are immediately thrown into weighting "O" (loading-closing-TOT-point = S # "O" #S ').

The conical end pieces 9a and 4b include one in the cassette magazine 21 circumferentially distributed and standing coaxially in the direction of the core axis 5a tubular sleeve with the "shot unit" located in it (e.g.:a-a ', FIG.4 / 5).

When the TOT point 'O "is reached, the mouthpieces 9a / 4b collide, with their cutouts on their forehead edges, which are specially shaped for gas lids, on the plastically resilient part belonging to the barrel-shaped tubular sleeve a-a '(example) Sealing bead 21g. At the same time, the ignition element 21 is ignited by rimfire (example) activated to the "shot unit" (propellant charge) located in the tubular casing ignite (advance firing).

In this automatic firearm according to the invention, each can other known ignition triggering methods, be it mechanical @ firing pin, firing pin and the like) or electrically (piezo-conductive and similar processes) can be used.

As from the example of barrel / tube group 4 shown in i? IG.1 ... 4d, 5,5a, it is a caliber-reducing system of simple manufacturing method.

The (high-speed) projectile to be fired from this, its real caliber corresponds to the cylindrical part of the barrel 5 is for the better Utilization of the gas pressure and thus to increase its upward velocity, provided with so far oversized flange plates, cones, beads or the like that the outside diameter of which corresponds to the inside diameter (cylindrical) of the barrel-shaped pipe sleeves a / a'-f / f '(FIG! 4/5) of the cassette magazines 21 ... 30.

when the projectile passes through the continuously tapering one conical barrel part 4a / 5c, the # lansch- or mushroom cones of the bullet retracted backwards, enveloping the core of the projectile, and reaching at Entry into the cylindrical barrel part, the specified caliber diameter.

In pursuance of the concept of the invention, the conical transition part 4a / 5c and the drawn and / or partially smooth cylindrical barrel part are omitted connect directly to the mouthpiece 4b, if the weapon is from the start (constructively) not designed for firing high-speed projectiles is.

According to another example of the invention, the barrel-shaped tubular sleeves (a / a ' - f / f ') of the cassette magazines 21 r ,, 30 as well as the flange plates, mushroom cones and similar bulges the projectiles, for economic, internal and / or external ballistic reasons, in the sense of the proposals made in OS 2 209 459 and / or 2 246 588 will.

The tubular sleeves of the cassette magazines are used to protect the workers "Shot units" sealed at their open ends with combustible end caps.

In the described lock barrel / tube system according to the invention, the gas pressure force, via the clamping crank device mentioned at the beginning, causes the system to open evenly, with the lock 9 ... 9c backwards and the barrel / tube group 4 ... 4d , 5,5a are moved forward until they hit shock-absorbing buffers by the catching lugs (cams) of the trigger control shaft (as already described) at the preselected "regulator" position: aa) t'individual fire ": immediately , bb) "Series": for example after Mwei shot, or cc) "Continuous fire": after six shots (based on a six-shot cassette magazine, according to FIG. 4/5), in the "open" position be locked.

In "series" shooting, the solbat becomes the most effective, disciplined one and thus economic ammunition consumption stopped.

To dissipate accumulated heat around the bolt head mouth 9a and the cartridge chamber mouth 4b, ventilation channels 4c / 4d and 9b / 9c are provided.

The cassette magazines 22 ... 30 (according to PIG.4 / 5) stored in the hollow piston shaft 12 are lined up on the tubular column 12b seated in the end plate 12a. They are pressed in the direction of the lifting device 18, 19 by a lever arm 12c, which is under the tension of a helical spring, through its pin 12c protruding from the slot in the tubular column 12b (= "feed" level y), until the last cassette magazine3O) is raised to the "fire" position x. After that, will single new set of 10 pieces) cassette magazines, after opening the end plate 12a, lined up on the tubular column 12b. After the hollow piston shaft has been closed, the weapon is again loaded with 60 rounds. Example) 0 The shoulder rest of the piston K is attached to the end plate 12a of the piston shaft 12.

According to the will of the invention, the trigger (14/16) and the visor system (2b-lc-8) both for the fast-firing weapon part as well as for the integrated (universal) Shooting device 22 (according to OS 2 204 615, FIG) are used.

Since, however, when a rifle grenade is fired, the weapon because of the larger Recoil must be held clamped in the hip or under the upper arm, in order to be able to use the "common" line of sight k2b-1c-1c1-8), a reflex attachment (for 2b), or in a further development of the idea of the invention, one arranged in the flexible cable Fiberglass visor optics are used in which the viewing port is as close as desired to the Eye of the archer can be moved.

The universal shooting device 22 built into the hand protection box 13 is located in a receiving bearing 13a, with connecting elements to its trigger 15, and is at its head end, when NOT USED, covered by a protective cap 13b.

To launch the ammunition seen with an independent propellant charge, for example a rifle grenade 23 (FIG.6), the telescopically extendable device 22, pulled out and locked with a plunger thread. The reception center 13a is pivotally mounted in trunnions, so that the shooting device 22 for the respective Distance can be adjusted accordingly (elevation).

By operating the (second) trigger 15, the inside of the shooting device 22 arranged tensioning device with firing pin, set in motion and the Actuation of the primer, for the fire in the shaft of the bullet 23 arranged propellant charge caused.

The slit-like forward open handle 17 of the weapon is around a Pivot point 17a pivotally mounted. The grip is purely a means of shooting the weapon 17 unfolded (FIG. 1 and 6> and through the interlocking 17 with the lower part la of the Gun housing rigidly locked. The shooter's fingers now have a free one Access to the two trigger levers 15/16. If it is not ready to fire, will the handle 17 folded forward and through the lower catch 17b in a recess 14b of the trigger box 14 is locked (dashed line in FIG. 1).

The trigger levers 15, 16 are protected against any unintentional contact.

The hollow hand protection box 13 can in its interior except for the universal shooting device 22, also other auxiliary equipment important for the weapon system (shock generator, etc.) take up.

Considered publications: -Irehrtechnische sonathefte, Issue 9/10, 1956: "Caseless ammunition for handguns and machine guns" disclosure documents (OS) : 1 944 650, 2111060, 2 114 552, 2 118 584, 2 209 459, 2 246 588, 2 246 854, 2 349 517, 2 353 870 - Auslegeschrift (AS): 1 678 606 Patent claims:

Claims (20)

Payment entitlements 1. Automatic firearm and ammunition, with built-in Universal shooting device, which, as a handgun in short design, is light and has high firepower, for shooting ## on (so-called) caseless (high-speed) Ammunition of relatively much reduced caliber, and firing rifle grenades of all Type, light and signal ammunition is provided, according to the invention d a d u r c h g It is not shown that a guide sleeve is attached to the central weapon housing 1,1a 2 for the (mass) lock 9 ... 9c and a protective guide tube for the barrel / tube group 4 4d, 5, 5a and the hollow piston shaft 12 for receiving spur gear-like cassette magazines 21 ... 30 (FIG. 1,4,5), the hand protection box 13 with built-in universal shooting device 22 and a double suction 15,16 are arranged. 2. Automatic firearm according to claim 1, according to the invention d a d u r c h g e k e n n n n z e i c h n t that the short-stroke, counter-rotating process (boxer principle), working xassenverschlußsystem, from the lock 9 ... 9c and the barrel / tube group 4 ... 4d, 5,5a and closed by closing springs 7,11. 3. Automatic firearm according to claim 1 and 2, according to the invention d u r c h g e k e n n n z e i n e t that spur gear-like cassette magazines 21 ... 30 from the "feed" level y (in the piston skirt 12J can be switched cyclically by a rotating driving pin 18, aufgenemmen in the support bearing 18a and in one in one Guide bar 19 sliding, axially parallel to the gun barrel, in the "fire" position x are lifted. 4. Automatic firearm according to claim 1 and 2, according to the invention characterized in that the evenness of the short-stroke counter-rotating movements of the shutter 9 / 9a and the barrel / tube group 4/5, by a clamping @ urbeltrieb device synchronously is controlled. 5. Automatic firearm according to the invention according to claim 1 to 4 d a d u r c h g e k e n n n z e i c h n e t that the cargo and combustion space through the recesses of the front edges of the locking head 9a and 9a, which are shaped like a gas lid of the mouthpiece 4b, is formed in the closed position "O". 6. Automatic firearm according to claims 1, 3 and 5, according to the invention D a d u r c h e k e n n n z e i c h n e t that the in the spur gear-like cassette magazine 21 ... 30 circumferentially distributed barrel-shaped tubular sleeves a / a'-f / f '(FIG. 4/5) with plastic sealing beads 21 (in the form of a ring) are provided by the gaslidernden Front edges on the locking head 9a and on the barrel mouthpiece 4b, in the closed position "O" to be covered concentrically. 7. Automatic firearm according to claim 1, 3, 5 and 6, according to the invention d u r c h e k e ii n z e i c h n e t that the l 'shot units, consisting made of ignition charge 21h and the bullet encased by the propellant mass, in the barrel-shaped one Kohrhülsen a / a '-fif' (FIG.4 / 5) of the cassette magazine 2t ... 30 inserted and from flammable foils are covered (sealed). 8. Automatic firearm according to claims 1 and 4, characterized according to the invention in that the breechblock 9 and the barrel / tube group 4/5 in the "open" position of catch noses (cams) one axially parallel to the gun barrel, in the upper part of the gun housing 1 and Schlifz-like breakthroughs of the two guide or. Protective tubes 2/3, arranged suction control shaft are caught (locked) and released when the trigger 16 and its axle shaft 16a are actuated via a lever linkage acting in the lower housing 1a of the weapon. 9. Automatic firearm according to claims 1 to 8, according to the invention d u r c h g e k e n n n z e i c h n e t that the conically tapering transition parts 4a / 5c and the adjoining cylindrical (calibrated) barrel part 5a, in each case inside ballistically desired lengths are divided. 10. Automatic firearm according to claim 1 and 9, according to the invention d u r c h e k e n n z e i c IL n e t that the spherically tapering parts 4a, 5c of the barrel / tube group 4/5 for reducing (calibrating) the outside diameter the flange plates, mushroom cones provided on (high-speed) floors etc., serve. 11. Automatic firearm according to claims 1,9 and 10, according to the invention d u r c h e k e k e n z e i c h n e t that if the conical tapering is omitted Parts 4a, 5c, the cylindrical (smooth and / or drawn) barrel part 5a is attached to the Barrel mouthpiece 4b connects directly. 12. Automatic firearm according to claims 1,3,5,6 and 8 bis 11, according to the invention, it is possible to indicate that for the derivation of Trapped heat, the closure 9 and the barrel / ear group 4,5, ventilation channels 4c / 4d and 9b / 9c. 13. Automatic firearm according to claims 1 to 12, according to the invention d a d u r c h e k e n n t e i c h n e t that the hollow piston shaft 12 for receiving of cassette magazines 22 ... 50 is formed. 14. Automatic firearm according to claims 1 and 3, according to the invention D a d u r c h e k e n n n z e i c h n e t that the transport of the on the tubular column 12 lined up cassette magazines 22 ... 30, in the direction of the lifting device 18/19, by a spring force acting on the lever arm 12c in the tubular column 12b he follows. 15. Automatic firearm according to claims 1,3,5,7 and13, according to the invention d a d u r c h e k e n n n n c hnets that the locking head 9a on the outer circumference its stirrer edge (in the 12 o'clock position), an ignition pen or wart-like one Has tip to, when reaching the closed position "O", in the sealing bead 21g arranged ZAndsatz to apply. 16. Automatic firearm according to claims 1 to 15, according to the invention d a d u r c h g e k e n n n z e i c h n e t that that which is arranged in the hand protection box 13 Universal shooting device 22, pivotable in its mounting bearing 13a in lateral pins is stored, is switched for the individual shot distances. 17. Automatic firearm according to claims 1 and 16, according to the invention d u r c h e k e k e n n n z e i n e t, that to facilitate the target process, sighting of the target with specular reflex attachments and / or in flexible cables arranged fiber optics takes place. 18. Automatic firearm according to claims 1,8, 16 and 17, according to the invention d a d u r c h e k e n n indicates that for the universal shooting device 22 one of the main weapon separate trigger device 15,15a is provided. 19. Automatic firearm according to claims 1 to 18, according to the invention d a d u r c h e k e n n n z e i c hn e t that the handle 17 can be folded and with the lower catch 17b or upper catch 17c is locked in the respective position. 20. Automatic firearm with ammunition and integrated universal shooting device according to claims 1 to 19, according to the invention dadu rch marked that the ignition of the ignition elements (primers, glow fuses, etc.) in the "firing units" of the cassette magazines 21 ... 30, or the ammunition for the shooting device 22, mechanically (mO striker, etc.) or electrically (shock generator, battery, piezoelectric, etc.) he follows.