DE2539674B2 - Process for the production of profiles from preferably lignocellulose-containing materials by discontinuous extrusion or continuous extrusion - Google Patents
Process for the production of profiles from preferably lignocellulose-containing materials by discontinuous extrusion or continuous extrusionInfo
- Publication number
- DE2539674B2 DE2539674B2 DE2539674A DE2539674A DE2539674B2 DE 2539674 B2 DE2539674 B2 DE 2539674B2 DE 2539674 A DE2539674 A DE 2539674A DE 2539674 A DE2539674 A DE 2539674A DE 2539674 B2 DE2539674 B2 DE 2539674B2
- Authority
- DE
- Germany
- Prior art keywords
- materials
- extrusion
- compressed
- profiles
- granules
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B30—PRESSES
- B30B—PRESSES IN GENERAL
- B30B11/00—Presses specially adapted for forming shaped articles from material in particulate or plastic state, e.g. briquetting presses, tabletting presses
- B30B11/22—Extrusion presses; Dies therefor
- B30B11/26—Extrusion presses; Dies therefor using press rams
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
- B27N—MANUFACTURE BY DRY PROCESSES OF ARTICLES, WITH OR WITHOUT ORGANIC BINDING AGENTS, MADE FROM PARTICLES OR FIBRES CONSISTING OF WOOD OR OTHER LIGNOCELLULOSIC OR LIKE ORGANIC MATERIAL
- B27N3/00—Manufacture of substantially flat articles, e.g. boards, from particles or fibres
- B27N3/08—Moulding or pressing
- B27N3/28—Moulding or pressing characterised by using extrusion presses
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
- B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
- B29C48/78—Thermal treatment of the extrusion moulding material or of preformed parts or layers, e.g. by heating or cooling
- B29C48/86—Thermal treatment of the extrusion moulding material or of preformed parts or layers, e.g. by heating or cooling at the nozzle zone
- B29C48/865—Heating
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
- B29C48/03—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor characterised by the shape of the extruded material at extrusion
- B29C48/06—Rod-shaped
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
- B29C48/03—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor characterised by the shape of the extruded material at extrusion
- B29C48/09—Articles with cross-sections having partially or fully enclosed cavities, e.g. pipes or channels
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
- B29C48/03—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor characterised by the shape of the extruded material at extrusion
- B29C48/12—Articles with an irregular circumference when viewed in cross-section, e.g. window profiles
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Forests & Forestry (AREA)
- Processing And Handling Of Plastics And Other Materials For Molding In General (AREA)
- Dry Formation Of Fiberboard And The Like (AREA)
Description
Ve fahren zur Herstellung von Profilen aus vorzugsweise lignozellulosehaltigen Werkstoffen durch diskontinuierliches Strangpressen oder kontinuierliches Extrudieren.Ve drive through for the production of profiles from preferably lignocellulosic materials discontinuous extrusion or continuous extrusion.
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zum Herstellen von Profilen aus vorzugsweise lignozellulosehaltigen Werkstoffen, die mit einem geeigneten Bindemittel versehen sind, durch diskontinuierliches Strangpressen oder kontinuierliches Extrudieren.The invention relates to a method for producing profiles from preferably lignocellulosic Materials that have been provided with a suitable binding agent by discontinuous extrusion or continuous extrusion.
Bei diesen bekannten Verfahren (vgl. US-PS 2587 930) können Rundstangen und Vollprofilstangen unterschiedlichen Querschnitts dadurch hergestellt werden, daß zerkleinerte, mit einem geeigneten Bindemittel versehene Lignozellulosewerkstoffe einem zylindrischen Schacht zugeführt werden, in dem sich ein Verdichtungskolben hin- und herbewegt. Mit Hilfe dieses Kolbens werden die Werkstoffe durch eine rohrförmige Matrize geeigneten Querschnitts gepreßt und dabei schubweise verdichtet. In der gleichen Patentschrift wird auch die Möglichkeit nachgewiesen, den hin- und hergehenden Verdichtungskolben durch eine Extruderschnecke zu ersetzen. Das formgebende, rohrförmige Werkzeug ist bei diesem Verfahren heizbar, um warmhärtende Bindemittel aushärten zu können. Das Anpassen des Piofilquerschnitts an den Querschnitt des Verdichtungsschachtes bzw. des Extruders erfolgt bei diesem Verfahren durch einen kontinuierlichen Querschnittsiibergang.In this known method (see. US-PS 2587 930) round bars and solid profile bars different cross-section can be produced by crushing them with a suitable Lignocellulosic materials provided with binding agents are fed to a cylindrical shaft in which a compression piston moves back and forth. With the help of this piston the materials are through a tubular die of suitable cross-section is pressed and compressed in batches. In the same Patent also demonstrated the ability to use the reciprocating compression piston to replace an extruder screw. The shaping, tubular tool can be heated in this process, in order to be able to harden thermosetting binders. The adaptation of the Piofil cross-section to the The cross-section of the compression shaft or the extruder takes place in this process by a continuous Cross-sectional transition.
Zerkleinerte Lignozellulosewerkstoffe liegen im allgemeinen in Form von Spänen, Fasern oder Pulvern vor. Häufig soll auch eine Mischung dieser l'artikelneometrien verarbeitet werden. Außerdem sind diese Werkstoffe nur beschränkt fließfähig und weisen im beleimten Zustand häufig schlechte Rieseifähigkeit auf, wodurch eine Werkstoffzufuhr zum Verdichtungsschacht erschwert wird. Mangelnde Hieß- und ί Rieselfähigkeit des Ausgangswerkstoffes kann zu ungleichmäßiger Verdichtung im Profil führen, wodurch die Produkqualität beeinträchtigt wird. Ein weiterer Verfahrensnachteil - vor allem beim schubweisen Verdichten durch einen hin- und hergehenden KolbenComminuted lignocellulosic materials are generally in the form of chips, fibers, or powders before. Often a mixture of these article neometries should also be used are processed. In addition, these materials have limited flowability and are im Glued condition often shows poor giant ability, which means that material is fed to the compaction shaft is made more difficult. Insufficient hot and ί pourability of the starting material can lead to uneven Lead compaction in the profile, whereby the product quality is impaired. Another Process disadvantage - especially when compressing in batches with a reciprocating piston
ι» - liegt darin, daß sich faser- oder spanförmiges Ausgangsmate äal vorzugsweise parallel zur Stirnfläche des Verdichtungskolbens orientiert, und damit quer zur Längsrichtung des Profils. Dies hat eine verminderte Biegefestigkeit der Profile zur Folge.ι »- lies in the fact that fibrous or chip-shaped starting material äal preferably oriented parallel to the end face of the compression piston, and thus transversely to the longitudinal direction of the profile. This results in a reduced flexural strength of the profiles.
Ii Werden mit dem beschriebenen Verfahren Gemische aus Fasern, Spänen und Pulvern verarbeitet, so muß schon bei der Werkstoffzufuhr zum Verdichtungsschacht mit Entmischungserscheinungen gerechnet werden. Dies hat Inhomogenitäten im GefügeII Using the method described, mixtures are made Processed from fibers, chips and powders, this must be done when the material is fed to the compression shaft segregation phenomena are expected. This has inhomogeneities in the structure
>o des gefertigten Profils zur Folge, die zu einer Streuung der Produkteigenschaften führen. Darüber hinaus begünstigen Entmischungserscheinungen unterschiedliche Verdichtungen im Profil, die beispielsweise zum Verzug des Profils nach dem Verlassen des formge-> o of the manufactured profile result in a spread of the product properties. In addition, segregation phenomena favor different ones Compression in the profile, which, for example, leads to distortion of the profile after it leaves the shaped
r> benden Werkzeugs führen können.r> moving tool.
Der beleimte Rohwerkstoff enthält bei geringem Schüttgewicht einen hohen Anteil an Luftvolumen. Diese Luft muß beim Verdichten entfernt werden, da sie zu Rißbildung im fertigen Profil führen kann. DieThe glued raw material contains a high proportion of air volume with a low bulk weight. This air must be removed during compression, as it can lead to cracking in the finished profile. the
κι Notwendigkeit einer guten Entlüftung erschwert in vielen Fällen die praktische Verfahrensdurchführung.κι the need for good ventilation makes it difficult in many cases the practical implementation of the procedure.
Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, diesesThe invention is based on the object of this
bekannte Verfahren so weiterzuentwickeln, daß beim Strangpressen die Orientierung der Fasern oder Späneto further develop known methods so that the orientation of the fibers or chips during extrusion
i) in Längsrichtung des Profils und damit die Biegefestigkeit der Produkte verbessert wird und ebenso die Entlüftung beim Verdichtungsvorgang sowie die Rieselfähigkeit der Werkstoffe beim Zuführen zum Strangpressen. Diese Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäßi) in the longitudinal direction of the profile and thus the flexural strength of the products is improved and so is the ventilation during the compression process and the flowability of the materials when being fed to the extrusion process. This object is achieved according to the invention
in dadurch gelöst, daß die Werkstoffe vor dem Verpressen granuliert werden, daß das Granulat kugelförmig bzw. näherungsweise kugelförmig ist und daß das Granulat gegenüber dem Ausgangszustand der Werkstoffe vorverdichtet ist.solved in that the materials before pressing be granulated that the granules are spherical or approximately spherical and that the Granulate is pre-compressed compared to the initial state of the materials.
r, Als Vorteile des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens ergeben sich:r, The advantages of the method according to the invention result:
- eine verbesserte Orientierung der Fasern oder Späne im Fertigungsprodukt, da die Querorientierung zur Produktlängsachse durch die Ver-- an improved orientation of the fibers or chips in the manufactured product, since the transverse orientation to the longitudinal axis of the product through the
-,Ii bindung im Granulat stark behindert wird und-, Ii binding in the granules is severely hindered and
sich somit eine bessere statische Verteilung von Fasern oder Spänen ergibt,this results in a better static distribution of fibers or chips,
- dadurch bedingt eine verbesserte Biegefestigkeit der Produkte,- as a result, an improved flexural strength of the products,
γ, - höheres Schüttgewicht des Ausgangswerkstoffs und damit eine Verminderung der beim Verdichten zu entfernenden Luft, γ, - higher bulk density of the starting material and thus a reduction in the air to be removed during compression,
- vereinfachte Werkstoffzufuhr zum Verdichtungsschacht, da die kugelförmigen bzw. nähe-- Simplified material supply to the compression shaft, since the spherical or near-
wi rungsweise kugelförmigen Granulatkörper besser rieselfähig sind,wi approximately spherical granules better are pourable,
- dadurch verbesserte Gleichmäßigkeit der Schüttdichte.- thereby improved uniformity of the bulk density.
Zusätzlich verringert sieh durch das Vorgranulieren ,,. die Staubentwicklung bei Transport- und Werkstoffzufuhr, so daß sich eine Erleichterung der Fertigungsbedingungen ergibt. Für das Vorgranulieren kann auf eine Vielzahl von ausgereiften Verfahren zuriickge-In addition, the pre-granulation reduces the amount of the. the development of dust during transport and material supply, so that there is a relief of the manufacturing conditions. Can be used for pre-granulation a multitude of well-engineered processes
griffen werden, so daß an dieser Stelle hierauf nicht eingegangen zu werden braucht. Das Granulieren kann den Zerkleinerungseinrichtungen unmittelbar nachgewordnet werden, wodurch sich zusätzlich ein verbesserter Fertigungsablauf bezüglich Lagerung und Transport ergeben kann.so that it does not need to be discussed at this point. The granulating can be placed directly after the shredding devices, which also results in a can result in improved manufacturing processes in terms of storage and transport.
Das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren gestattet eine Reihe vorteilhafter Weiterbildungen. Beispielsweise können zum Herstellen des vorverdichteten Granulats außer einem warmhärtenden Bindemittel zusätzliche Bindemittel, wie beispielsweise Ligninsulfonat oder Dextrin, verwendet werden.The method according to the invention allows a number of advantageous developments. For example can be used to produce the pre-compacted granulate in addition to a thermosetting binder Binders such as lignosulfonate or dextrin can be used.
Weiterhin kann es vorteilhaft sein, das vorverdichtete Granulat vor dem Verpressen mit einem Oberflächenbindemittel zu versehen. Dies hat den Vorteil, daß im Fertigprodukt ein netzartiges Stützgerüst von höherfesten Beleimungszonen erhalten wird. Die Struktur dieses Stütznetzwerkes kann durch Art und Menge der Beleimung sowie durch die Korngröße desFurthermore, it can be advantageous to coat the pre-compressed granulate with a surface binding agent before pressing to provide. This has the advantage that in the finished product a network-like support structure of higher strength gluing zones is obtained. The structure of this support network can be defined by type and Amount of glue and the grain size of the
Granulats vorgegeben werden.Granules are given.
Vorteile bietet das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren vor allem dann, wenn das zu verpressende vorverdichtete Granulat aus einer Mischung unterschiedlicher Korngrößen besteht. In diesem Fall ergibt sich ein erhöhtes Schüttgewicht und damit eine Verringerung des beim Verdichten zu entfernenden Luftvolumens.The method according to the invention offers advantages especially when the pre-compressed material to be compressed Granulate consists of a mixture of different grain sizes. In this case there is an increased Bulk weight and thus a reduction in the volume of air to be removed during compression.
Besonders vorteilhaft ist es für die Verfahrensdurchführung, wenn pulver-, faser- oder spanförmige Werkstoffe oder auch Gemische aus solchen Werkstoffen verwendet werden. Vor allem das erfindungsgemäße Vorgranulieren von Gemischen aus Werkstoffpartikeln unterschiedlicher Partikelgeometrie ermöglicht eine gezielte Beeinflussung der Produkteigenschaften. It is particularly advantageous for the implementation of the method if pulverulent, fibrous or chip-shaped Materials or mixtures of such materials are used. Especially the one according to the invention Allows pre-granulation of mixtures of material particles with different particle geometries a targeted influencing of the product properties.
Hier bietet das Vorgranulieren sichere Gewähr gegen die Entmischung bei Lagerung, Transport und Verarbeitung, wodurch die Gleichmäßigkeit der erhaltenen Produkte verbessert wird.Here, pre-granulation offers a secure guarantee against segregation during storage, transport and Processing, which improves the uniformity of the products obtained.
Claims (5)
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE2539674A DE2539674C3 (en) | 1975-09-04 | 1975-09-04 | Process for the production of profiles from preferably lignocellulose-containing materials by discontinuous extrusion or continuous extrusion |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE2539674A DE2539674C3 (en) | 1975-09-04 | 1975-09-04 | Process for the production of profiles from preferably lignocellulose-containing materials by discontinuous extrusion or continuous extrusion |
Publications (3)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
DE2539674A1 DE2539674A1 (en) | 1977-03-10 |
DE2539674B2 true DE2539674B2 (en) | 1979-12-20 |
DE2539674C3 DE2539674C3 (en) | 1980-10-23 |
Family
ID=5955753
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
DE2539674A Expired DE2539674C3 (en) | 1975-09-04 | 1975-09-04 | Process for the production of profiles from preferably lignocellulose-containing materials by discontinuous extrusion or continuous extrusion |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
DE (1) | DE2539674C3 (en) |
Families Citing this family (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE2932406C2 (en) * | 1979-08-09 | 1983-06-23 | Anton 8892 Kühbach Heggenstaller | Process and devices for extrusion of a mixture on small plant parts and binders |
FR2541626B1 (en) * | 1983-02-25 | 1985-10-11 | Meo Robert Di | PROCESS FOR PRODUCING A MOLDED PROFILE IN MINERAL, VEGETABLE OR SYNTHETIC PARTICLES OR FIBERS AND DEVICE FOR CARRYING OUT SAID METHOD |
HU199363B (en) * | 1987-05-05 | 1990-02-28 | Fallo Fakombinat | Process for production and equipment for elements especially constructing elements from afterhardening materials |
DE19622521C2 (en) * | 1996-06-05 | 1998-09-17 | Fraunhofer Ges Forschung | Extrusion process for the continuous production of organically bound molded parts and device for carrying out the process |
DE10101981B4 (en) * | 2001-01-18 | 2006-06-01 | Linn High Therm Gmbh | Apparatus for producing agglomerate bodies |
FI122690B (en) | 2007-11-23 | 2012-05-31 | Raute Oyj | Process for making wood-containing tiles |
CN102729313B (en) * | 2011-04-11 | 2015-07-29 | 李苏扬 | Be provided with the extrusion equipment of the plant fiber products of microwave heating equipment |
CN103331798B (en) * | 2013-06-18 | 2016-01-20 | 泗阳蓝阳托盘设备科技有限公司 | The not stratified plant fiber extruder of vertical structure |
-
1975
- 1975-09-04 DE DE2539674A patent/DE2539674C3/en not_active Expired
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE2539674A1 (en) | 1977-03-10 |
DE2539674C3 (en) | 1980-10-23 |
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Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
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BGA | New person/name/address of the applicant | ||
C3 | Grant after two publication steps (3rd publication) | ||
8339 | Ceased/non-payment of the annual fee |