DE2526847A1 - MACRO RUBBER LENS - Google Patents

Description

PATENT AGENCY OFFICE TiEDTKE - Bükung - Chins 25268A7 TEL. (0811) 539653-56 TELEX: 524845 tipat CABLE ADDRESS: Germaniapatent Munich

8000 Munich 2

Bavariaring 4 P.O. Box 202403

B 6688

June 16, 1975

Canon Kabushiki Kaisha Tokyo, Japan

Macro rubber lens

The invention relates to a macro rubber lens that is capable is to take a close-up photograph at the one end where a close-up or wide-angle lens effect (hereinafter abbreviated as "wide-angle lens effect") results, as well as at the other end, at which in the rubber lens · results in a telephoto lens effect.

Generally speaking, in a focusing system, in which there is no shift of the focal plane over the entire zoom range, the first group of focusing lenses. moved forward along the optical axis. In the case of such a focusing system the rubber lens is it is necessary to increase the magnifying power of the first group extremely to / the closest focusing distance

-sp- 609881/0878

German »Bank (M0n *« n) Kto. 51 / »1» 70 DrMdn «Bank (Mönchen) Kto. W» m torisch «* (monks) account · 704ΜΜ

2528847

to make it small so that it is possible to take a photograph in the so-called To record macro area, the amplification of the magnifying power must be done in such a way that it is remarkably difficult to control the aberration in the case of a high gain rubber lens or a large rubber lens To compensate for diameter, while it is necessary to make the amount of movement of the first group extraordinarily large make so that the closest focusing distance becomes small in order to be able to take a photograph in the so-called macro range, without the magnification of the first group having to be increased in such a way that the diameter the front lens must be remarkably large. As a result, one measure is envisaged which is the first To divide the group into two subgroups in order to make the closest focusing distance small and comparative avoid increasing the diameter, thereby increasing the number of largest diameter lenses in the first group becomes, so that not only the cost but also the weight inevitably increases.

What has hitherto been referred to as a so-called macro rubber lens is a rubber lens that is designed in such a way that it enables to produce a close-up, namely by placing each lens group after the second lens group, which of the first lens group follows, from the normal position for the

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Taking a standard photograph is moving .. In other words this means that a close-up is made possible by each lens group that follows the first lens group, moved forward and backward along the optical axis within the dead space at each zoom position, in the case of one single macro rubber lens only at the end where the wide-angle lens effect is results. Furthermore, the rubber lenses, which are referred to as all-purpose rubber lenses, are designed so that they make it possible to take a close-up photograph over the entire zoom range by removing the lens groups with the exception of the Variator lens, which is mainly responsible for changing the magnification, from the normal position can be moved a certain certain amount along the optical axis, and then in this state the variator lens is moved forward and is moved backwards.

The system in which a change in magnification (zoom) is possible while the plane of focus is not in the rubber lens when taking a macro photograph is only the system in which the first group is divided. However is this system is not advantageous in terms of cost and weight, as already stated above, so that as The next best system is the system that can be better adopted, which is able to take macro photography over the entire zoom range even though the level of focus is inevitably

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is pushed, whereby it is necessary that the variator lens can be moved over the entire zoom range. As a result, can a system in which the compensator is provided after the variator lens, and the focusing plane keeps constant during the zoom process and is moved by a certain predetermined amount, or another system, in which all or a part of the fixed intermediate lenses are moved to form an image, are devised. Through this however, not only does the moving mechanism become complicated, but also the accuracy is lowered when all of them Intermediate lenses are moved. Furthermore, in the case where the compensator is moved, it is necessary to adjust the amount of movement at the time of taking a macro photograph select enough in advance to avoid mechanical interference of the to avoid minimal air gap between each lens and the next lens.

On the other hand, the purposes of macro photography are as follows:

(1) It is possible to take a photograph at a short distance.

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(2) It is possible to achieve a high magnification factor when the distance of the subject to be photographed Object is large.

The title of an 8 mm cine film is an example for point (1). It is advantageous if the distance of the to object to be photographed is small, while the magnification factor is not so large. For this purpose, the Großaufaufnahme or. Wide angle macro lens suitable.

For the item (2) is the photography of living things such as the photography of insects is an example. Here it is desirable that the distance of the to be photographed Object is large, while the magnification factor can be increased. The tele macro lens is suitable for this purpose. Although macro photography is also beneficial in the intermediate zoom zone is, in general, the macro photography at both ends is sufficient in most cases, which makes the macro photography Mechanism is less complicated, which is much more advantageous and less expensive for the system.

With the invention a macro rubber lens is to be created, which is able to produce a macro photograph at the one end where the telephoto lens effect occurs, as well at the other end where the wide angle lens effect is

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results.

Furthermore, soj ^ L it in the macro rubber lens system according to the invention Do not need to have a free space in advance between each one for performing a macro photograph Provide lens group and the next lens group to the object to be photographed by changing the focal length in the normal photographic area in which focusing can be carried out by means of the focusing lens can.

In addition, it should be in the macro rubber lens system of the invention not be necessary, the minimum air gap between the compensator and the next lens group large in advance to do, as it has been the case until now, when not the intermediate lens but the compensator is moved.

According to the invention, if one or two lens groups before the last fixed lens group after the second Lens group are moved, from the normal position into the movement space between the movable lens group, which concerns the zooming operation, and the next lens group at the one end, at which the wide-angle lens effect results, and at the other end where the telephoto lens effect results, all lens groups along one direction

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moves, in which the distance of the object to be photographed is made small in such a way that it becomes possible take a macro photograph at both ends without having to provide free movement spaces, so that the close-up effect as well as the magnifying effect which is the original purpose of the macro rubber lens system can be obtained can.

In the further case where the rubber lens of the macro rubber lens system according to the present invention is a general rubber lens comprising the focusing lens group (I), the variator lens group (II) ,. comprises the compensator lens group (III) and the base lens group (IV), and wherein the distance between the above-mentioned group I and the group II is e ^, while the distance between the group II and the group III is e ^ and the Distance between group III and group IV has the value e, where the minimum value of the distance between group I and group II in the usual zooming process has the amount e, .min and the minimum value of the distance between group II and the group III has the value e ₂ min, while the minimum value of the distance between group II and group IV has the amount e ^ min, furthermore the distance between group I and group II in the macrostate has the amount e ^ macro, the distance between group II and group III the

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Amount e ₂ macro and the distance between group III and group IV has the amount e, macro, the following equations result:

e ^ min £ e ^ macro

e- ^ min 2L e- ^ macro

As a result, a mechanism for moving the movable lens group has cam grooves at both ends of the cam ring and the cam grooves for the zoom operation.

The invention is illustrated below with the aid of some particularly preferred exemplary embodiments illustrated in the figures of the drawing explained in more detail.

Fig. 1 shows a basic rubber lens for explaining an embodiment of the invention;

Fig. 2 shows a graph for explaining the macro rubber lens according to the present invention, namely according to Figure 1 shown rubber lens;

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FIG. 3 shows a further basic rubber lens for explaining a further, different exemplary embodiment of the invention; and

Fig. 4 shows a graph for explaining the macro rubber lens according to the invention, namely according to the rubber lens shown in FIG.

Fig. 1 shows a rubber lens to explain an embodiment the invention. A numerical example of the dimensions of the rubber lens shown in Fig. 1 is as follows:

R: radius of curvature of the refractive plane (counted from the side that is close to the object to be photographed)

d: thickness or air gap between the refraction planes (counted from the side that is close to the object to be photographed).

N: Refractive index of the glass (d-line) (counted from the side that is to be photographed Object is close).

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V: Abbe number of the glass (d-line) (counted from the side which is to be photographed Object is jiahe).

Q: Focal length of the entire system.

f: focal length of the lens group (counted from the side, which is close to the object to be photographed).

/ 6: distance between the lens groups (counted from the side that is close to the object to be photographed).

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P = 9,2013617 - 20.058969 - 43.728529 F - number -1.8

H ₁ = 96.11

H ₁ -I ₁ * N ₁ - 1.80518 V ₁ - 25.40

R ₂ - 39.46

d _o --- 7.3 N ₂ = 1.58913 V, = 61.10

Ii ₅ - -112.5 d ₃ - ο, ι

R ₄ = 30.84

d ₄ - 4.5 N ₃ = 1.58913 V ₃ * 61.10

Η _ς «109.18112

R ₆ 304, 2

d ₆ = 0.9 N ₄ «1.62299 V ^ - 58.20 R ₇ = 13.14

d _? - _{2.7 R 8} = -18.72

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d ₈ - 0.9

14.38

2.5

195.66025

10

, 09

-39.75386

^d 12 13.2

88.5

ά -20.0

1.7

3.3

B ₁₆ x 33.0

16

480.0

B ₁₈ - -19.1

^d 18 - 0 ,1 * 18, ^d 19 »3 , 2 - -38 , 6 at _1 T> ^d 20
Q - 3 , 3 m —χ? ^d 21 = 0 ,8th

R «-33.89101

1.69350

1.58913

3.69350

N ₉ - 1.90518

¹ IO 1.69350

509881/0878 53.3

1.80518 - V ₆ «25.4

61.1

53, 3

25.4

53.3

53.3

1.78472 V ₁₂ - 25, 7

F. 9,2013617 19.40 20.058969 43.728529 1.3779 15.5379 22.0333 22.6494 16.1540 1.9940 H 16.6646 9.0000 16.6646 ± _Λ = 45.66 f ₂ = -12.00 f ₃ = 44.16 £ /, =

In the case of the rubber lens shown in Fig. 1, the lens group I having the planes r ^ - r, - having a focusing lens of positive refraction with the focal length f ^, while the lens group III having the planes rg - r ^ Q having a variator lens of negative refraction the focal length f ₂ and the lens group III having the planes r ^ - r ₁ ^ a compensator lens of positive refraction with the focal length f, and finally the lens group IV having the planes *% »- rpp an intermediate or relay lens of positive refraction with the Focal length is f ^.

FIG. 2 is a graph for explaining the macro zoom using the rubber lens shown in FIG.

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In the case of zooming in the usual focus area, the lens group II makes a straight line movement - while the Linsengrujjpe III makes a reciprocating movement that is convex to the image side, in such a way that the lens group I and the lens group II at the end where the wide-angle lens power is obtained are closest to each other, while the lens group II and the lens group III are closest to each other at the end where the telephoto lens power is obtained, and so that the lens group III and the lens group IV are closest to each other in a middle focal length. If this shortest distance is the minimum distance due to the mechanical interference, namely at the end at which the Großaufnahmebzw. Wide-angle lens effect results, then the lens group II has a space that can only be moved to the image side, while the lens group III has a space that is movable both to the object side and to the image side, whereby it is only when moving the lens group III toward the image side, it is possible to make the distance of the object to be photographed small even if the lens groups are moved into the movable spaces .... macro 1. Furthermore, at the end at which the telephoto lens effect results, the lens group II has a space which can be moved to the object side, while the lens group III has a space which can be moved to the image side. Also in

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In this case, when the lens group III is moved to the image side ", the distance of the object to be photographed can be made small .... Macro 2. In this state (macro 2) there is a new movable space between the lens group II and the Lens group III.By moving lens group II into space, namely by moving both lens group II and lens group II towards the image side, the macro effect can be further increased ^{in comparison with the case Macro 2 .... Macro 2 1.} Although it is common practice to advance the lens group I toward the object side for a normal zoom operation when, at the time of taking macro photography, the lens group I is advanced from the position in which the lens group I is mostly retracted, namely from the position in which the Focal length is infinite, it can be expected that the macro effect can be made large at the end where the telephoto lens effect is exhibited An exemplary embodiment in which the macro rubber lens has a combination of macro 1 and macro 2 at both ends results in the best possible effectiveness or effectiveness.

Numerical examples for Macro 1, Macro 2 and Macro 2 ^! are reproduced below. Here, S is the distance between the first lens group and the object to be photographed, while y is the magnification factor.

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macro 1 macro 2 Front lens
advanced
1.5 mm Front lens
OO Front lens
advanced
1.5 mm Front lens
OO 29.65541 7.5 9 28.15541 13.66459 Ii 34.32 34.32 13.66549 9
-597.0 JK ₅
S. 9
-23.2 9
-22.8 9
-959.6 1 β 1 1 1

6.22

6.32

29.56

17.83

Macro 2 '

Front lens OO

Front lens advanced 1.5 mm

*1 35.82 37.32 Iz 6th 6th / 3 9 9 S. -317.67 -273.15 ß 1 1

6.22

5.20

Fig. 3 shows another basic rubber lens for explanation of a further, different embodiment of the invention. A numerical example of the dimensions of those shown in FIG Rubber lens is the following:

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F «8.5000008 - 15.989001 - 40.502194

F-number a 1.8
R ₁ * 71.27

Ci ₁ «1.5 N ₁ - 1.80518 V ₁ - 25.2 R ₂ = 26.71

d ₂ - 9.0 N ₂ = 1.67790 V ₂ - 55.3 R ₃ - -132.8

d ₃ »0.1
R ₄ «24.0

d ₄ . 5.5 N ₃ "1.67 V ₃ " 57.4 R ^ ■ 88.30826

d ₅ . A ₁

R _{6 to} 1089.0

d ₆ «9 H ₄ . 1.6935 V ^ "53.3 R ₇ " 11.08

d _{7 to} 2.9
R ₈ - -37.68

d _e «0.9 N ₅ - 1.6935 V ₅ = 33 2 H _g - 17.22

dg - 2.3 N ₆ - 1.80518 V ₆ - 25.4 R ₁₀ - 139.25799

^d 10- ^l 2
R ₁₁ - -15.74

ά _{1 ±} - 2.0 N ₇ - 1.65844 V _? »50.9

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17.02

d ₁₂ »2.0 N _£ ^ 1.80518 V _Q » 25.2 119.77414

R ₁₄ - 34.95

d _l4 = 3.5 N _g «1.66672 V ₉ - 40.3 R ₁₅ - -12.18

^d 15 ^a ° ' ^{8 N} 10 - ^X ' ⁷ 552 V ₁₀ = 27.5 ^R 16 "-34.65409

d, _A ■ a, 16

R ₁₇ = 26.57

^d 17 " ² ' ^{9 11} H - 1.66672 V _n « 48.3 R ₁₈ - 376.2

R ₁₉ - 17.98

^d 19 * ² ' ^{6 N} l2 " ^X > ^{66672 v} i2 ^{a 4o} » 3 ^R 20 ^{β 67} ' ⁷⁸

^d 20 - 3.0 R ₂₁ - -21.42

d ₂₁ - 3.0 N ₁₃ «1.80518 V ₁₃ » 25, 4 R ₂₂ »16.76

d ₂₂ - 2.0 R ₂₃ - 79.31

d ₂₃ - 3.0 N ₁₄ «1.62299 V ₁₄ « 58 ^ R ₂₄ »-14.12

d ₂₄ - 0.1 R ₂₅ - 12.96

d ₂₅ - 2.6 N ₁₅ - a, 62299 V ₁₅ «58.2 R ₂₆ - 44.08348 509881/0878

F.
r 8.000008 15.989001 40.502194 X ₁ 0.8827 7.2859 12.6563 Jt ₂ 7.0833 2.0313 5, -1-116 Ji ₃ 12.4030 11.0524 2.6017 9.0000 9.0000 9.0000

f ₁ = 31.40780 f ₂ = -12.00000 £ = -24.94920 f ₄ = 30.39297 f ₅ = 19.65985

In the case of the rubber lens shown in Fig. 3, the lens group I ¹ having the planes r .. - IV is a focusing lens of positive refraction with the focal length f * , the lens group II 'having the planes Tc - T ^ q is a variator lens with negative refraction the focal length f ₂ ^{, the lens group III 1} having the planes r, ^ r ^ -z is a compensator lens of negative refraction with the focal length f, * the lens group IV having the planes r ^ r, jg is the intermediate or relay lens of positive refraction with the focal length f ^, and the lens group V having the planes τ * γ - rpg is the relay lens of positive refraction with the focal length fj-.

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FIG. 4 shows a graph for explaining the macro system lens which the rubber lens illustrated in FIG. 3 has. In the case of zooming in the usual focusing range, the lens group I 'and the lens group II ¹ are closest to each other at the end where the close-up or wide-angle lens effect is obtained; the lens group II ¹ and the lens group III * are closest to each other in the central focal length; and the lens group III ¹ and the lens group IV are closest to each other at the end where the telephoto lens power is obtained; the distances cannot be made smaller due to the mechanical interference. Here, the lens groups IV and V are fixed with a certain predetermined distance between them.

With the above-mentioned structure, at the end where the close-up lens effect is obtained, there is a state that the lens group II ^{1 has} a space which can only be moved to the image side, while the lens group III ^{1 has} a space , which can be moved both towards the object side and the image side and while the lens group IV continues to have a space which can only be moved towards the object side, so that when the lens group II ^{1 is} moved towards the image side (... Macro 3) and if the lens group III ^{1 is} to be loaded on the object side

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away, the distance of the subject to be photographed can be made small. Furthermore, it is also possible to make the distance of the object to be photographed small if the lens group II ^{1 is moved} a little backwards while at the same time the lens group III ^{1 is moved} forward, whereby an intermediate property or an intermediate state between macro 3 and Macro 3 'results so that it can be represented by either of the latter.

At the end at which the telephoto lens effect results, the lens group II has a space that can be moved both to the object side and to the image side, while the lens group III ^{1 has} a space that can only be moved towards the object side, and while finally the lens group IV offers an immovable space. Although the lens group IV can provide a movable space if the lens groups IV and III ¹ are moved forward at the same time, the macro effect achieved is small. Here, when the lens group II 'is moved towards the image side (.... Macro 4) and when the lens group III' is moved towards the object side (.... Macro 4 '), the distance of the object to be photographed can be adjusted be made small.

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In this case too, the macro effect can be increased by moving the lens group I ¹ forward. In the case of the present exemplary embodiment, the combination of macro 3 'and macro 4 is most effective.

The numeric numbers of Macro 3, 3 ¹ , 4 and 4 'are as follows!

Macro 3 Front lens
advanced
1 mm macro 3 ¹ Front lens
OO 13,552 Front lens
OO Front lens
advanced
1 mm 12,552 6th 7.5 8.5 Ji ₂ 6th 15.8019 6th 6th j2 ₃ 15.8019 6.5 20.8539 20.8539 Ik 6.5 -419.29 6.5 6.5 S. -670.63 1 -16.95 -16.74 ψ 1 32.19 1 1 53.04 5.41 5.49

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Macro 4

Macro 4 «

Front lens DO

Front lens advanced 1 mm

Front lens OO

Front lens advanced 1 mm

22.3539 23.3539 19.2736 20.2736 6th 6th 6th 6th 6th 6th 9.0803. 9.0803 6.5 6.5 6.5 6.5 -351.69 -273.19 -1028.96 -527.39 1 1 1 1

'7.89

5.95

31.53

15.68

In summary, the invention relates to a macro zoom lens, can be generated with a close-up photography, namely at the one end to which one obtains a Großaufnahme- or tfeitwinkellinsenwirkung, and at the other end to which one obtains a telephoto lens effect, whereby one or move two groups of movable lenses in the rubber lens in a direction of movement along the optical axis , at one end at which a close-up or wide-angle lens effect is achieved, and at the other end at which a telephoto lens effect is achieved during the The distance between each lens and its nearest lens in the rubber lens in the usual zoom state is small compared with the distance between the corresponding lenses at the time of taking a close-up photograph.

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Claims (7)

Claims Macro rubber lens with which a close-up photograph can be taken at one end at which the wide-angle lens effect is achieved and at the other end at which the telephoto lens effect is achieved, characterized by a focusing lens (I, I ¹ ) »a variator lens (II , II ¹ ) »a compensator lens (III, III ¹ ). and a base lens (IV, IV, V), the variator lens and the compensator lens being movable in a range other than the zoom range in the usual focusing range of the focusing lens, so that when the distance between the focusing lens and the variator lens is e ^ , the distance between the variator lens and the compensator lens has the amount e ₂ , and the distance between the compensator lens and the base lens has the amount e, and the minimum value of the distance between the focusing lens and the variator lens in the zoom state in the usual zoom range is the amount e ^ min, the minimum value of the distance between the variator lens and the compensator lens is e ₂ min, the minimum value of the distance between the compensator lens and the base lens is e ^ min, and the distance between the focusing 509881/0878 lens and the variator lens at the time of taking a close-up photograph is epMakro, _% and the distance between the variator lens and the compensator lens is e ^ macro, and the distance between the compensator lens and the base lens is eJMakro, the following relationships result: e ^ min £ e ^ macro epmin C epMacro e ^ min £. epMacro. 2. macro rubber lens according to claim 1, characterized in that the focusing lens a has positive refraction, that the variator lens has a negative refraction, that the compensator lens «ine has positive refraction and that the base lens has positive refraction, so that when performing a close-up photograph moves the compensator lens to the image side, namely at one end, on the soft one the close-up or wide-angle lens effect is achieved while the compensator lens is on the other The end at which the telephoto lens effect is achieved is moved towards the image side. 509881/0878 3. Macro lens according to claim 1, characterized in that the focusing lens is positive That the variator lens has a negative refraction, that the compensator lens has a positive refraction Has refraction, and that the base lens has positive refraction, so that at the time of performing one Close-up photography uses the compensator lens at the end where the close-up or wide-angle lens effect is achieved is moved toward the image side, while the variator lens and the compensator lens at the end at which the telephoto lens effect results to be moved towards the image side. 4. Macro rubber lens according to claim 1, characterized in that that the focusing lens has a positive refraction, that the variator lens has a negative refraction, that the compensator lens has negative refraction, and that the base lens has positive Has refraction, so that when taking a close-up photograph, the variator lens is at the end where the large area is acquisition or. Wide-angle lens effect results in moving towards the image side, while the variator lens is on the The end at which the telephoto lens effect results is moved towards the image side. 509881/0878 5. Macro rubber lens according to claim 1, characterized in that that the focusing lens has positive refraction; that the variator lens has negative refraction has that the compensator lens has a negative Has refraction, and that the base lens has positive refraction, so that at the time of performing a Close-up photography uses the variator lens at the end where the close-up or wide-angle lens effect is achieved is moved towards the image side, while the compensator lens is at the point at which the telephoto lens effect is achieved, is moved toward the object side. 6. Macro rubber lens according to claim 1, characterized in that that the focusing lens has a positive refraction; that the variator lens has a negative refraction Refraction has that the compensator lens has negative refraction and that the base lens has positive refraction possesses, so that at the time of taking close-up photography, the compensator lens is at the end where the close-up or wide-angle lens effect is achieved, moves towards the object side while the variator lens is moving at the end at which the telephoto lens effect results, moves to the image side. 509881/0878 7. macro rubber lens according to claim 1, characterized in that the focusing lens a has positive refraction, that the variator lens has a negative refraction, that the compensator lens has a negative Has refraction, and that the base lens has positive refraction, so that at the time of making a Close-up photography uses the compensator lens at the end where the close-up or wide-angle lens effect is achieved is moved to the object side, while the compensator lens is at the end at which the telephoto lens action is achieved after the object is moved to. 509881/0878