DE2517126A1 - DEVICE FOR EXPLOITING THE THERMAL CONTENT OF WASTE WATER - Google Patents

Description

BBC

IiHOWN, BOVERI & CIE ■ AKTIENGESELLSCHAFT

MANNHEIM BROWN BUVf.RI

Mp.no. 558/75 Mannheim, April 8, 1975

ZFE / P1-Wg / Bt

• Device for utilizing the heat content of waste water.

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The invention relates to a device for utilizing the

Heat content of waste water, in particular household waste water.

With many heat consumers, both in the industrial and household sectors, often only part of the heat supplied is used Beneficially used, most of the heat is discharged with the wastewater into the sewer system and thus goes away lost. While hot wastewater, e.g. in the form of engine cooling water, has long been used in the industrial sector: exploited for heating purposes, this happens because of the associated expense in the living or house area, e.g. for the;

Preheating of the domestic water, still quite rare. j

The immediate preheating of service water with warm waste water is also made more difficult by official regulations, which stipulate that drinking water pipes must not be located in the sewage system to prevent contamination of the drinking water; to meet. j

The invention is therefore based on the object of specifying a device of the type mentioned at the outset, which is safer with

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Separation of the storage spaces enables the waste water heat: at least to preheat industrial water to a large extent i to use. In addition, the device should be largely maintenance-free and trouble-free and should be able to cope with the respective operating conditions be. After all, it should be relatively inexpensive to manufacture and its structural design should be simple.

The solution to the problem is that at least one wastewater storage space that can be switched into the wastewater flow has at least a thermal bridge is connected to at least one domestic water storage space for heat exchange. Through the thermal bridge the wastewater and service water storage rooms are safely separated on the water side, but they are still there for heat exchange in connection. Thus the apparently contradicting demands are of good separation and good contact for heat transfer overcome. Since the two liquids involved in heat exchange are stored, make Thermally triggered, internal circulations occur in the storage spaces, which promote the exchange of heat.

Heat transfer elements are intended as thermal bridges in the context of the invention be understood, the heat flow or transport is not regulated or controllable, but only by the Temperature difference between the storage rooms depends.

A simple structure of the device results when the wastewater storage space at least partially adjoins the domestic water storage space and at least part of the boundary wall of the domestic water storage space forms or forms the thermal bridge. So there is a single partition between the two storage spaces, which is at the same time at least part of the thermal bridge. The partition wall here has ¹

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at least in the area in which it forms or helps to form the thermal bridge, preferably a thickness that is about two to! corresponds to three times the thickness, which would be selected if the partition wall was designed only from the point of view of strength would.

It has proven itself here if the two storage spaces are arranged one inside the other and approximately take the form of straight cylinders of have different diameters with axes pointing approximately in the same direction. Particularly good heat utilization results when the wastewater storage space is at least twice the volume of the service water storage space ' having.

In order to make the separation of waste water and industrial water storage space even more secure, the Wastewater storage space in the area of the boundary wall of the service water storage space also a wall forming the thermal bridge, which with the formation of a space with little Distance to the boundary wall runs, wherein the space is bridged by at least one heat conducting element. Preferably the wall forming the thermal bridge is made of metal.

A recommended further training is that the _; The heat-conducting element consists essentially of metal bodies which penetrate the intermediate space and which are preferably identical to one another. ι

It is particularly advantageous here if at least the lower j area of the space is sealed off from the outside space and connected! has a water alarm device at its lowest point. This way, any leak in the area of the thermal bridge! recorded and reported.

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It also proved to be a good idea to seal the space in between to the outside space; complete and as a thermal bridge at least a partial filling to bring in a medium that evaporates in the area of wastewater temperatures. The resulting steam hits the lower one Wall of the domestic water storage space down and transfers; so the heat between the two storage spaces. Here must. of course for a ventilation of the intermediate i space must be taken care of, e.g. by means of an automatic venting device, or the steam space in the space in between be evacuated.

According to an advantageous development, the intermediate space can be a filling of a liquid serving as a heat-conducting element contain the liquid level by means of a liquid level monitor or a pressure switch ^ automatically monitored will. If water flows into the intermediate space as a result of a leak in a storage space, its liquid level rises and the liquid level monitor responds and gives an alarm and / or shuts off the water supply. The rise in the liquid level can just as well be detected with a pressure gauge, especially if the space is closed off from the outside is.

The heat transfer is further increased and the flow to the heat bridges improved by the fact that in at least one the storage spaces are preferably arranged from the vertical part of the thermal bridge extending into the water space protruding ribs whose direction is approximately the same as the main flow direction of the liquids wetting them. i

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In order to be able to maintain a good heat transfer, at least one is advantageously in the waste water storage space emptying and directed towards the thermal bridge, connectable to a pressurized water line, optionally movable from the outside Spray nozzle provided. This makes it easy to remove deposits.

The mixing of those located in the wastewater storage space warm water with inflowing colder water can be prevented in a simple manner that at the top of the wastewater storage space a guide device is arranged for evenly distributing the wastewater flowing in from above Areas of the wastewater storage space that are remote from the thermal bridge. As a result, the heat transfer process in the Area of thermal bridges not or hardly disturbed.

Advantageously, the guide device essentially consists of a guide disk provided in the waste water storage space, which ends with the formation of at least one overflow opening at a distance from a vertical wall of the waste water storage space. The guide disc runs here at some distance from the upper limit of the wastewater storage space, it is ^; thus creating a distribution space for the inflowing wastewater. :

Another advantageous embodiment of the guiding device is in that it consists essentially of an internal or external; half of the wastewater storage space running wastewater distribution line, which is distributed over a large number of evenly i shared outlets are connected to the wastewater storage space in the 'area of a vertical wall. Here is the If the waste water passes from the distribution line into the storage space, it is preferably designed in the manner of an overflow weir i.e. there is a receiving space in the bottom area of the distribution line

intended for contaminants. Is also in

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advantageously the flow cross-section of the sewage distribution line so great that the maximum sewage velocity that is established in it is so low that and / or suspended solids settle. In this way, such parts of the heat transfer surfaces are largely kept away.

A recommendable development of the invention is characterized in that at the wastewater inlet to the wastewater storage space a controlled by the temperature of the inflowing sewage three-way valve is arranged, which is below a predetermined Limit temperature closes the wastewater inlet and a Opening opens to a bypass line surrounding the wastewater storage space, and above the limit temperature the opening to Bvpass line closes off and opens the way to the wastewater storage space · This means that the wastewater storage space is only water above a selectable limit temperature and significant mixing with cold wastewater is avoided.

Further advantages of the invention emerge from the following description of exemplary embodiments in connection with the drawings, which show the following schematically:

1 shows a central section through storage spaces arranged one inside the other, each of cylindrical spaces Shape,

FIG. 2 shows a section through the object of FIG. 1 along the section line II - II of FIG. 1,

3 shows a variant embodiment of the device according to the invention in a central longitudinal section,

4 shows a cross section through the object of FIG. 3 according to section line IV-IV of FIG. 3,

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5 shows a central longitudinal section through another embodiment variant of the device according to the invention and 6 shows a cross section through the object of FIG. 5 along the section line 71-YI of FIG. 5.

; Identical parts are given signs in the individual figures with the same reference · \.

According to the embodiment of Figures 1 and 2, the i is standing

Process water storage space 3 designed in the form of a straight / circular cylinder which is surrounded on all sides by a second cylindrical waste water storage space 1. The boundary wall 4 of the service water storage space 3 serves as a thermal bridge between these two storage spaces 1, 3. It is preferably made of metal and therefore has good thermal conductivity and separates the two storage spaces. Ribs 5 are provided on both sides of the vertical area of the boundary wall 4. They are preferential \ in one piece and extend over almost the entire height of the vertical portion of the boundary wall 4 ", so to speak form channels for the flow in the region of the boundary wall 4 * At the same time, these ribs 5 provide some shielding of the heat-exchange operation against flow inlet; flows from the storage spaces 1, 3. In the lower region of the domestic water storage space 3, the domestic water supply 20 is provided, and the domestic water discharge 21 is provided in the upper region.

; A re-heater for the service water can be connected to the service water discharge 21, but the re-heater can also be arranged in the domestic water storage space itself, e.g.

i near the hot water outlet. About centric in the upper part:

I area of the wastewater storage space 1 opens the inflow 22 for the sewage. At a distance from its mouth is a guide device 13 in the form of a horizontal, circular

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Guide disk 2 is provided, forming an overflow opening H at a distance in front of the vertical wall 15 of the wastewater storage space ends. The space between the upper limit of the wastewater storage space 1 and the guide disc 2 is used here as a wastewater distribution space 27.

To connect the wastewater storage space to the wastewater network, the connecting pipe 11 is connected approximately centrally in the lower area of the wastewater storage space, which is routed like a swan halo over the highest point of the wastewater storage space and then has a connection for the wastewater network 29. This prevents the wastewater storage space from running empty. In order to avoid the lifting effect of the connecting pipe 11, a de-lifting and de-lifting bend 23 is placed at its highest point. Between the ab-; water supply line 28 and the inflow 22 for the waste water is on a three-way valve 17 \, which 'depends on the temperature ge-.steuert is a built-in from the waste water is acted bimetal. At the third connection of this three-way valve 17, the bypass line 18 is connected, which opens in the upper region of the connecting pipe 11, The bimetal of the three-way valve 17 is selected so that it below a certain, preset temperature of, for example, 25 ° C, the inflow for the; Shuts off wastewater to the wastewater storage space and the bypass line; device 18 releases so that cold or colder wastewater can not get into the wastewater storage space. At temperatures; Above 25 ° C, the bypass line is shut off and the inflow to the wastewater storage space is opened.

In the lower area of the wastewater storage space 1 spray nozzles 7 are still arranged. They are for connection to a Equipped with a pressurized water pipe and its mouth points to the

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Thermal bridge in the area of the ribs. By supplying pressurized water deposits on the thermal bridges can be rinsed off using the nozzles, thus ensuring good heat transfer can be obtained. As the nozzles can be moved from the outside, a large area can be rinsed off.

The waste water storage space 1 is finally still of an insulating layer 19, e.g. made of rock wool, so that heat losses are largely avoided. To avoid corrosion, the storage spaces can be at least partially bounded by plastic walls.

The warm wastewater in the wastewater storage space 1 gives its heat to the service water of the service water storage space via the thermal bridge and possibly via the ribs during operation 3 from. This creates an internal circulation in the wastewater storage space 1, and the wastewater falls while cooling down on the thermal bridge while it continues; away in the wastewater storage space rises to the top. Going to happen now ! the three-way valve 17 is supplied with very cold sewage via the sewage supply line 28, the three-way valve 17 blocks the j Inflow 22 and directs this cold wastewater via the bypass line S

device 18 past the wastewater storage space to the wastewater network 29. If warmer wastewater now flows in, the three-way valve opens the inflow 22 for the wastewater and blocks the bypass line 18 from.

The warm wastewater now enters wastewater storage space 1 a and is from the guide device 13 to a vertical wall 15, preferably to the outer wall of the wastewater storage space, which is far from the thermal bridge. Here it enters the main part of the wastewater reservoir via the overflow openings H. room 1. Is the incoming wastewater colder than itself

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! that is already in storage room 1, the colder wastewater falls in the area of the vertical wall 15 of the wastewater storage room 1 down into the area of the drain. Here ■ it disrupts the internal circulation of the warm wastewater, which the ! Heat transfer causes hardly any. Rather, it is withdrawn from the wastewater storage space 1 via the connecting pipe 11 and below directed to the sewage network 29. The connecting pipe 11 is preferably connected to the wastewater storage space 1 at at least one point in the area of the vertical wall 15.

j If the incoming wastewater has the same temperature as the wastewater already in the j wastewater storage space, or if j it is warmer, it falls on the walls 15 of the wastewater storage; ' room 1 is not down, but is included in the internal circulation of the wastewater in the wastewater storage space and it _; takes part in the heat transfer. If the wastewater in the wastewater storage space is at rest, the entering j wastewater is stratified at an altitude that corresponds to its temperature or its ^! specific weight. For the function of this wastewater supply in the wastewater storage space, it is important that the wastewater velocity at which it enters via the overflow openings 14 is very low. You should move about i in the range of the speed with which the ^; internal circulation of the wastewater in the wastewater storage space \

accomplishes. I.

The exemplary embodiment according to FIGS. 3 and 4 corresponds essentially that of Figures 1 and 2. One difference is that sewage and service water storage rooms with their base or top surfaces end roughly flush, i.e. the

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Process water storage space penetrates the wastewater storage space completely. In addition, both the waste water and the needs water-storage chamber a separate, preferably metallic partition has 4 or ^l · wall 24 in the region of the heat bridge, which face each other to form a gap 25th The thermal bridge is finally covered by a layer of thermal! Conductive paste 8, for example aluminum or copper paste, completed. This layer is inserted into the cavity 25 so that the heat flow goes over the parts 4, 8, 24. The guide device 13 is designed here in the form of a horizontal circular ring disk. The function and sequence of the heat transfer corresponds to that described in FIGS. 1 and 2, so that further explanations are not necessary here.

In the embodiment according to Figures 5 and 6 is a circular
Cylindrical hot water storage space 3 surrounded by an annular cylindrical waste water storage space 1 at a small distance, so that an annular gap 25 remains free. This intermediate space is penetrated by a large number of roughly evenly distributed, approximately radially extending, rod-shaped metal bodies 6, which can each end on the walls 4, 24 or in the storage spaces 1, 3 with a large surface. To enlarge the surface, they can also have ribs or pins. These metal elements 6 can, for example, be made of copper and serve as a thermal bridge which transfers the heat from the wastewater storage space 1 to the service water storage space 3. It is just as well possible to design these heat-conducting bodies 6 as heat pipes. In the drawings only some of the heat conductors are shown]

The intermediate space 25 is closed at its lower area and is provided with a water alarm device 12. This water alarm device emits an optical and / or acoustic signal when it is exposed to water. In this way, any leaks in the area of Wärmebrü be DCEN quickly pass \ and reported.

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The water guiding device 13 here consists of a wastewater storage space in its upper area comprehensive, horizontal sewage distribution line 9, which has a plurality of outlet openings 10 or a single elongated opening to the wastewater storage space 1 has. The tributary for the wastewater is connected in a known manner to this distribution line 9, which the wastewater at low speed through the outlet openings 10 to the wastewater storage space feeds. In this case, entrained dirt and / or suspended matter can settle in the distribution line 9, since the water velocity is selected to be low in the sewage distribution line. For removing the deposited dirt and / or Suspended matter is at the bottom of the sewage distribution line 9, an opening 30, which can be closed by a valve, for the discharge of these Fabrics provided. In order to facilitate this, two rinsing nozzles 31 are arranged approximately diametrically opposite the opening, the outflow direction of which leads to the opening 30. One half of the circumference of the sewage distribution line is used with one flushing nozzle 9 flushed. The Spüldttsen, the connections of which can be combined, over automatically controlled shut-off devices, see B »Solenoid valves, with connected to a pressurized water pipe. In this case it becomes the The valve assigned to the opening 30 is also controlled automatically and the opening 30 is connected directly to the sewage network.

The flow sequence during the heat transfer or when supplying wastewater corresponds in principle to the sequence as it was explained in the discussion of FIGS. 1 and 2. There is therefore no need for any further explanations regarding the present Embodiment ·

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Claims (1)

558/75 Claims Device for utilizing the heat content of waste water, in particular household waste water, characterized in that at least one waste water storage space (1) which can be switched into the waste water flow via at least one thermal bridge (4, 6, 8, 24) with at least one process water storage space (3) is connected for heat exchange. 2. Apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that the waste water storage space (1) at least partially to the Domestic water storage space (3) and at least part of the boundary wall (4) of the domestic water storage space (3) forms or helps to form the thermal bridge. 3. Apparatus according to claim 2, characterized in that the two storage spaces (1, 3) are arranged one inside the other ! and roughly the shape of straight cylinders of different Have diameters with axes pointing approximately in the same direction. 4. Apparatus according to claim 3, characterized in that the two storage spaces (1, 3) are approximately coaxial with one another are arranged and have the same height. ι 5. Device according to claim 3 or 4 »characterized in that that the wastewater storage space (1) compared to the domestic water storage space (3) is at least twice the volume having. - 14 - 609845/0020 -H- .558 / 75 6. Device according to one of claims 2 to 5, characterized in that the waste water storage space (1) in the Area of the boundary wall (4) of the smoke water storage space (3) likewise has a wall (24) which co-forms the thermal bridge and which, with the formation of an intermediate space (25) runs at a small distance from the boundary wall (4), the intermediate space (25) of at least a heat conduction element is bridged. (Fig. 3 to 6) 7. Apparatus according to claim 2 or 6, characterized in that the boundary wall (4) and the wall (24) at least with their areas forming the thermal bridge made of metal. j 8 β device according to claim 6 or 7 »characterized by ! net that the heat conducting element made of thermal paste (8), preferably made of copper or aluminum paste. (Fig. 3, 4) 9. Apparatus according to claim 6 or 7, characterized in that the heat conducting element consists essentially of the There is intermediate space (25) penetrating metal bodies (6). (Fig. 5,6) 10. The device according to claim 9, characterized in that the metal body (6) as heat pipes (heat pipes) are trained. 11. Device according to one of claims 6 to 10, characterized in that at least the lower region of the The intermediate space (25) is sealed off from the outside and a water alarm device (12) at its lowest point having. (Fig. 5) 609845/0020 Pat 4 F! fä'O.IOQOC / KE) 558/75 -._ 12. The device according to claim 6, characterized in that that the space to the outside is tightly sealed and as a thermal bridge .at least a partial filling a medium that evaporates in the area of wastewater temperatures. 13. Execution according to claim 6, characterized in that that the intermediate space contains a filling of a liquid serving as a heat-conducting element, the liquid level of which is automatically monitored by means of a liquid level monitor or a pressure monitor. 14. Device according to one of claims 1 to 13, characterized in that in at least one of the storage spaces (1, 3) preferably starting from the vertical part of the thermal bridge (4, 6, 24) and protruding into the water space Ribs (5) are arranged, the direction of which corresponds to the main flow direction of each of them wetting Liquids is about the same. 15. Device according to one of claims 1 to 14 »characterized in that at least one in the wastewater storage space (1) opening towards the thermal bridge (4, 6, 24) and connectable to a pressurized water pipe, optionally movable from the outside spray nozzle (7) is provided. 16. The device according to claim 15, characterized in that that at least one row of spray nozzles adapted in each case to the course of the thermal bridge (4, 6, 24) is arranged is. - 16 60984 5/0020 I--. ' i F 1 HjΌ! OfM / KL) 558/75 17. Device in particular according to one of claims 1 to 16, characterized in that ^{a guide device (13) is arranged at the top of the wastewater storage space 1} (1) for evenly distributing the wastewater flowing in above to those areas of the wastewater storage space, which are far from the thermal bridge. 18. The device according to claim 17, characterized in that the guide device (13) consists essentially of one in the wastewater storage space (1) horizontally provided guide disc (2) is formed, forming at least an overflow opening (14) at a distance in front of a vertical wall (15) of the wastewater storage space (1) ends. (Fig. 1 and 3) 19. The device according to claim 17, characterized in that that the guiding device (13) essentially consists of an inside or outside the wastewater storage space (1) running sewage distribution line (9), which has a plurality of evenly distributed outlet openings (10) is connected to the wastewater storage space (1) in the area of a vertical wall (15). (Fig. 5 and 6) 20. Apparatus according to claim 19, characterized in that that the flow cross-section of the sewage distribution line (9) is so great that the maximum sewage velocity established in it is so low that it is entrained Deposit dirt and / or suspended matter. - 17 - 609845/0020 ι ι ι .ti-Ij:; «) ■ ν ι., 21. The device according to claim 20, characterized in that that in the settling area of the dirt and / or suspended matter at least one closable opening (30) for their Fume cupboard and at least one, for example directed towards the opening, which can be connected to a pressurized water line Rinsing nozzle (31) is arranged for rinsing the waste water distribution line. 22. Device according to one of claims 1 to 21, characterized in that the connecting tube (11) for the Connection to the sewage network in the lower area of the sewage storage space (1) and swan neck-like is guided over the highest liquid level of the wastewater storage space (1). 23. Device according to one of claims 1 to 22, characterized in that the wastewater inlet to the wastewater storage space (1) a three-way valve (17) controlled by the temperature of the inflowing sewage is arranged is that, below a predetermined limit temperature, blocks the wastewater inlet and opens an opening to a bypass line (18) bypassing the wastewater storage space (1) and above the limit temperature closes the opening to the bypass line (18) and opens the way to the wastewater storage space (1). 609845/0020 Pat A FI (6 "0 lOOCC'KEJ Blank page