DE2505886A1 - PROCESS FOR MANUFACTURING ARTICLES FROM SOLID CARBON MATERIAL - Google Patents

Description

Kuretaa Kagaku Kogyo KabushikiKaisha 235/99

Method of making objects made of solid carbon material

The invention "relates to a process for the production of
Objects made of solid carbon material, in particular
those of extremely high density and extremely high flexural strength.

So far, most objects have been made from solid carbon Material produced by the fact that a mixture of a powdered, carbon-containing raw material such as Pe-

petroleum coke, and pitch as a binding agent, to the product in question

object was formed and that this object then \

has been carbonized or graphitized. The mechanical strength- j

ness of the so manufactured items, however overall \

Nerell remarkably low, which, to a decomposition of the ·

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Binder during carbonization or graphitization which leads to a deterioration in the internal structure of the product. Palis coke powder analogous to powder metallurgy could be sintered without a binder, extremely greatly improved mechanical strength values could be achieved. So far, however, there is no petroleum coke, which in itself has sufficient sintering properties so that at least a certain amount of binder is always used must become.

Attempts have also been made to manufacture objects from carbon material without binding agents. It was assumed from a slight bad luck that leads to the formation of globulites was condensed. The globulites were then separated from the matrix by solvent extraction and press molding shaped to the object in question. Afterward ; the object was carbonized or graphitized. after With this method it is actually possible to remove objects from | to produce solid, high-density carbon material without S. that a binder is required. However, it is disadvantageous that the globulites are only very small from the light pitch Let the yield be obtained and that they can also only be separated from the matrix with great difficulty. Further- ; it is possible that in the carbonized or gra- phitized globulites form some cracks and fissures; can. Such cracks and fissures usually occur in layers; shaped and affect the flexural strength of the end: Product quite considerably. Therefore, according to this proposal ' no practical procedure possible.

With the invention, on the other hand, a method is to be created that allows, in a simple manner and with _;

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good yield items made of solid carbon material with a bulk density (hereinafter referred to as "density") of at least 1.90 g / cm and with a flexural strength of at least 900 kg / cm without the need for a binding agent and without the use of light pitch globulites need to be used.

Based on the general process that a carbon-containing starting material is formed without a binder and then ^{carbonized at at least 1000 0} O or graphitized at 2000 to 3000 ⁰ C, this aim is achieved according to the invention in that a precursor is achieved by polycondensation of a Peeh. Material with an H / C atomic ratio of 0.35 to Q57, a carbon content of 80 to 93% by weight, a quinoline-soluble content of 2 to 15% by weight and a heat-shrinkage deformation of at least 2 $ ( without material outflow from the ester, if a cylinder of

1.0 cm cross-section with a bottom opening of 1 mm diameter is used and in it 1 g of the material in finely powdered Condition under a mechanical load of

10 kg / cm heated in increments of 6 per minute to 500 ° C is) is produced, and that this precursor material is then comminuted to a particle size of a maximum of 10 / um, is then shaped as a carbonaceous starting material and then carbonized or graphitized; .

The precursor material used in the method according to the invention can easily be made of coal pitch, petroleum pitch or a mixture of these in normal practice! produce the types of pitch by polycondensation at a temperature of 350 to 550 C. Others can do the same

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Pitch types are used as the starting material, for example synthetic pitches, which are produced by thermal decomposition of Polyvinyl chloride or tetrabenzophenazine are made. However, these synthetic pitches have the disadvantage compared to hard coal pitch or petroleum pitch that they are more expensive.

In general, carbonizing pitch or the aforementioned pitch globulites results in a coke, the swollen one Areas and / or small, predominantly arranged in layers May have cracks. It has also previously been considered impossible to have solid carbon objects without such to be able to produce swollen areas or cracks. With The invention is achieved for the first time that in fact solid carbon objects absolutely flawless, i.e. without swollen Areas or cracks can be produced. This is the result of using the precursor material according to the invention as a carbonaceous starting material. This precursor material essentially has the structure of a Mesophase, although it is porous in its macrostructure and similar in appearance to a fresh or "green" petroleum coke Has.

The particle size of the (usually mechanically comminuted) precursor material plays a role in formation cracks in the end product play a role. It has been found that the unit size in molding the carbon article is the maximum 10 / um must be, because only then the desired optimal Flawlessness adjusts, while with larger particle size also with the Percursor material, as it is the invention provides cracks in the carbonization or graphitization finished carbon article.

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TJm an extraordinarily dense, swollen area To obtain free carbon material, it is also important that the precursor material contains 2 to 15% by weight of quinoline-soluble and an H / C atomic ratio of 0.35 to 0.57. If the atomic ratio H / C is below 0.35 ■ j is, there is no usable result when sintering the precursor material, while with the atomic ratio H / C above 0.57 a sufficiently dense product is not created because areas that are swollen during the carbonization process to adjust. It was also found that at a ^ Sehalt of quinoline-soluble less than 2 wt. ^ no product with A sufficiently high density results, and that with a quinoline-soluble content above 15 wt. ^ likewise no useful one Product can be formed because then during carbonization the material softens or swollen areas forms.

The fact remains for the success of the invention essential that the lights of the -fine comminuted precursor material due to the fact that they themselves fuse thermally, form a compact object during sintering or carbonizing. So it comes down to the sintering property in this regard of the precursor material. The heat-shrinkage deformation serves as a measure of the sintering property of the precursor material in a special cester, namely a ί

one which has the shape of a metallic cylinder 1.0 cm in cross-section, is equipped with an electrical heating device and an Ihermo cross and has a hole 1 mm in diameter in its bottom. In this cylinder, Ag

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of the finely ground precursor material. Haeh ^: When the material is loaded by means of a piston weighing 10 kg, the material height h in the cylinder is measured. Thereafter, the material is heated within the cylinder in increments of 6 ° per minute to 500 ⁰ C, and then the height ^h! determined from the heated material sample. The end. The percentage heat shrinkage deformation can be derived from the two measured values according to the formula. -. ι

=. χ -100.

determine. It is important in this test that no material flows out of the bottom opening of the tester during the test. Should a material leak from the tester occur during the test, the material is to be used according to the invention Unsuitable for use.

It has been found that if the heat shrinkage is less than $ 2, the sintering property of the precursor material is insufficient to give a dense, solid carbon article. If, on the other hand, the heat shrinkage deformation is at least 2 $, the carbonization or sintering, ie heating to 1000 ^° C. or more, results in a packing degree of more than 95 $, even if the packing degree of the not yet heated, but already in the desired shape of the precursor material was only about £ 80. Accordingly, by carbonizing the precursor material previously brought into the 3-shape, densities of at least 1.90 g / cm and even densities of 2.0 g / cm and more can be achieved. An end product with a sol-

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chen high density, which is at the same time an exceptionally high Has flexural strength of at least 900 kg / cm is not yet known; it is, as already mentioned, created for the first time by the invention.

The shaping of the precursor material according to the invention takes place expediently at room temperature, without an additional Binder is required. The subsequent carbonization or graphitization can be carried out in the usual way so that overall the manufacture of the carbon objects in a very simple and easy way ahead goes. In particular, it is not necessary to use heat, for example hot pressing, or to use a penetration method when shaping the precursor material to compress the product.

In an advantageous modification of the invention Process is the precursor material in a ratio of 3 to 60 wt. $, Preferably 5 to 35 wt. $, Based on the Weight of the precursor material, one more adjuvant added, namely during the shaping stage in order to further improve the machinability and also the sintering properties of the material. i

This adjuvant can be made from higher hydrocarbons ^! or from higher organic compounds with hydroxyl groups j

(including esters, iters, fatty acids and the like), I.

r also consist of mixtures of different compounds of this general type, it should have a carbon content of no more than 20% by weight, have a boiling or decomposition point of at least 150 ^° C. and at temperatures above 100 ^° G! have fluidity. · J

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As an example of higher organic compounds with hydroxyl groups, aie are suitable as adjuvants, can Called alkylene glycols like ethylene glycol and propylene glycol or polyalkylene glycols such as polyethylene glycol and polypropylene glycol, but also cyclohexanol, glycerine, polyvinyl alcohol and higher alcohols. Examples of higher Hydrocarbons that are suitable as an adjuvant are liquid paraffin, lubricating oil, light petroleum oil, tar oil, Anthracene oil, haphthalene, alkylnaphthalene and hydrogenated Products of these compounds. They are also used as an adjuvant suitable the esters or ethers of the above-mentioned, hydroxyl-containing compounds, as well as the higher ' Fatty acids such as lauric acid, myristic acid, palmitic acid, Stearic acid and oleic acid, as well as the esters and the metal salts of these acids.

Since the purpose of the adjuvant is to improve the workability and the sintering property of the precursor material, the adjuvant should be wettable with the precursor material. At temperatures above 100 ^° C. it should ^{: have} a fluidity so that it improves the flowability and the packing density of the precursor material (in this context also referred to as "base material" in the following) Boiling or decomposition point ■ of less than 150 ^° C., cracks or fissures can form in the surface layer of the carbon article, this explains the limit for the boiling point or decomposition point of the adjuvant boundary in the '■ carbon content. If the carbon content of the adjuvant ·' is above 20 wt.%, the homogeneity of the final product is

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■ impaired, in particular swollen areas can then develop.

Mixing the adjuvant with the base material can be done in done conventionally. Depending on the circumstances, the mixture can also be pelletized to produce the following To make the! Shaping operation easier. That As already mentioned, the mixing ratio is 3 to 60 wt. ^ And preferably 5 to 35 wt. ^, Based on the weight of the 3 precursor material as the base material.

By adding the adjuvant to the precursor material multiple advantages are achieved. First can be in the work stage the molding pressure can be reduced. Furthermore, the still uncarbonised, finely powdered one gets Material has a certain stickiness or adhesive strength as a result of the interaction between the precursor material and the adjuvant, whereby the as yet uncarbonised material is extraordinary becomes easy to handle. In particular, this results in breakage losses in those that have already been formed but are still not carbon is ized objects very considerably reduced. Furthermore occurs when handling the as yet uncarbonised material practically no waste, i.e. the material, due to its stickiness, practically does not dust and the environment the workplace remains accordingly cleaner. Finally, however, the internal material tension of the shaped object that occurs during the initial period of carbonization is also decreased due to the thermal characteristics of the mixture of the precursor material and the adjuvant. this means that the sintered objects can be produced very easily in practically any shape and any dimension, without breakage losses occurring on a large scale.

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The carbon material produced according to the invention can are used for numerous different purposes, "for example for the production of a wide variety of electrodes Kinds like those for sintering, for iron refining and for electrolysis. Further application examples are high quality abrasion articles for use as mechanical seals, as disc brakes for Plug-in tools, as bearings, as hinges or as electrical contact brushes. Other objects can also be made from it such as crucibles and stencils for semiconductor manufacturing, nozzles and fittings for continuous casting devices, molds for sintering machines, high-temperature-resistant linings for high-temperature processing equipment, non-permeable carbon materials, Graphite materials for nuclear power plants etc.

The invention is explained in more detail below in exemplary embodiments and with reference to the drawings. Included demonstrate

"Figure 1 is a polarized microphotography of the cut surface a precursor material that was not produced according to the invention;

Pig. 2. a polarized micrograph of the cut surface of a precursor material produced according to the invention;

Pig. 3 is a polarized microphotography of the cut surface a commercial "green" petroleum coke not covered by the invention;

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Pig. 4 is a polarized photograph of the micro-sectional area was calcined a Globulite containing article, which is insoluble in quinoline and "at 100O ⁰ G;

Pig. 5 is a polarized micro-photograph of the sectional area of a while from the inventive precursor material, but having a ^mean: particle size of 100 / um manufactured article which was calcined at 1000 ⁰ C;

6 is a polarized micro-photograph of the cut surface of a shaped and calcined counterpart. Status from the precursor material according to the invention, but with an average particle size of 100 μm and thus outside the invention, and ^:

Pig. 7 is a polarized micrograph of the cut surface of a molded and calcined article made of the same material as Pig. 6, but with an average particle size of ^: 3 μm and thus in the range of the invention. j

example 1

From an oil that is a by-product of the production of ethylene by high-temperature thermal cracking of naphtha had accrued to the Ethiopian soil oil, became different Times at 410 ° in a nitrogen atmosphere

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heat-treated. File resulted in different types
of polycondensation products whose atomic ratios Ϊϊ / C. differed from each other. The characteristics of this; Polycondensates are listed in Table 1 attached
summarized.

Each sample thus obtained was under the ^; Examined polarization microscope. ■ th to further Eigenschaf- measured the atomic ratio H / C and the carbon content (both by conventional methods) and the percentage of heat-shrink deformation (with the beginning ^Defi-: ned acid ethyl ester) and finally the quinoline Lös ~
borrowed. For the last-mentioned measurement, 1 g of each was used
each sample to a particle size with passage through one
60 mesh sieve crushed and then for sixteen hours
soaked in 100 cnr quinoline at 40 C. The insolubles were then filtered off with a glass filter, washed out with a little quinoline and then with benzene and closed; borrowed at 100 ⁰ C dried. From the values | the quinoline soluble was calculated. >

Of the samples given in Table 1, samples No. 1 and Mr. 7 does not fall within the scope of the invention. < The polarized micro-photographs of the samples Mr. 1, 3 and 1 ■ are in the Pig. 1, 2 and 3 respectively. >

The precursor materials according to Table 1 were crushed a second operation with a ball mill to a medium-\ sized particle size of at most 10 / um in j. The dis-; Smaller material was then kept at room temperature
and press-molded with a pressing pressure of 1000 kg / cm into disks of 50 mm: thickness and 90 mm in diameter. These discs
were then carbonized by placing them in a bed of coconut

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Russ were heated in increments of 15 ° C per hour to 1000 ^0C. This was followed by a graph it is ier clothes "at 24-00 ⁰ C. The properties of the carbonized products and graphitizing products are shown in Table 2, which is ebenfals annexed..

Example 2 ,

One hundred parts by weight of the herge- according to Example 1; The precursor materials presented were each with 20 Ge; Weight parts of tar oil mixed as an adjuvant, all in one Henschel mixer. The mixes then became slices of 50 mm thick and 90 mm in diameter press-molded and then carbonized or further graphitized, everything analogous to example 1. The properties of the thus obtained Products are summarized in Table 3.

A comparison of Tables 2 and 3 shows that when using tar oil as an adjuvant a proportionate low pressure could be used and that despite this low pressure, a graphitized object with a density above 2 g / cm3. Without ; Use of tar oil, on the other hand, was a much higher pressing; pressure of at least 1000 kg / cm is required throughout. ;

Example 3 I.

From the polycondensed pitch of sample 1 according to Bei- [

game 1 the pitch-like substance was extracted with

Removed quinoline as a solvent. This resulted in GIO i

bullte (small balls) which are then carbonized ί

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were, by heating them in increments of 15 ° per hour to 1000 ⁰ C. The internal structure of the carbonized spheres was examined under a polarization microscope; the corresponding illustration is given in FIG.

On the other hand, the polycondensed pitch of Sample 3 became treated according to Table 1 in the same way. The internal structure of the carbonized globulite as seen under the polarization microscope appears, is shown in FIG. 5 for this case. As can be seen from FIGS. 4 and 5, there are in both Cases in the globulites or beads, cracks or fissures are present at intervals of 7 to 10 μm.

As an alternative to this investigation, the polycondensed pitch of sample 3 according to Table 1 was used in different Wise comminuted, namely once to a powder with an average particle size of about 3 / µm and the other to one Powder with an average particle size of about 100 / µm. Both powders were made in the manner described in Example 1 press-molded, carbonized and then graphitized.

The internal structure of both so after carbonization and subsequent graphitization objects are in 6 and 7, respectively, and the other properties of these articles are summarized in Table 4. To the It should also be noted in Table 4 that the products in the first two lines, that is to say once the globulites, are the precursor material and on the other hand the precursor material with a particle size of 100 / UEi are outside the invention.

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Example 4

.j

One made from petroleum crude oil by high temperature octopus; obtained pitch and a medium pitch obtained from coal tar were made in a nitrogen atmosphere of a poly-: subject to condensation, namely under the in Table 5 i specified conditions. When examined with the Polari— .I sation microscope showed all samples received a! flow- ' pattern and only a very low content of globulites or; Globules. The other properties of the samples as pre- ■ cursor — material and also the properties of it (in the. graphite produced in the same way as in Example 1) Sized items are summarized in Table 5. It! it can be seen that the graphitized products have an excellent records high density and very good flexural strength - i

point. ■

j example 5 !

The precursor materials obtained according to Example 4,! the properties of which are given in Table 5 mixed with different types of adjuvant. the Mixtures were shaped into disks analogously to Example 1, then carbonized and then graphitized. The iüypen of the adjuvant, the mixing ratios and the properties of carbonized and graphitized objects given in Table 6.

Example 6

J From a soil oil obtained from the high [

509833/09 19 "

Temperature cracking of petroleum crude has been made by heat treatment a polycondensate produced in a nitrogen atmosphere. This polycondensate had a carbon content of 91 wt. ^, an atomic ratio H / C of 0.46 and a quinoline-soluble content of 3.0 wt. ^. For the production a precursor material became the polycondensate comminuted to an average particle size of 4 µm. One hundred parts by weight of this precursor material were then mixed with 60 parts by weight of anthracene oil as an adjuvant, and although "at room temperature in an enetwerk.

The mixture was "extruded at Zimmerteiaperatur at a pressure of 150 kg / cm into a rod diameter of 100 mm. The rod was then heated in a bed of coke breeze in increments of 3 ° per hour to 700 ⁰ C, anschliessenä in increments of 30 further heated ° per hour to 1000 ⁰ C and then graphitized at 2400 ⁰ C. the properties of the article thus obtained are shown in Table 7 below. for comparison, the Table 7 are also the properties of a commercially available material to graphitize.

-Tables-
-Patent claims-

509833/0919

Table 1 (for example 1)

O CO 00 OO CJ

sample
Mr. Duration of
Heat re
plot
H Under Polari
station mics
cop Atomver
ratio
H / G Quinoline
Soluble
Weight $ Carbon-
salary
Weight $ V / arm
deformation
$ 1 9.0 Globulite. $ 50
Bad luck $ 50 0.60 50.0 78.0 runs at 270 ⁰ G
the end 2 18.7 Globulite <
Eließmuster 0.55 14.0 84.0 16.6 3 28.0 Globulite "
Flow pattern 0.53 5.0 86.0 15.8 4th 34.0 Globulite "
Pleated pattern 0.50 3.5 ■ 86.0 5.0 5 70.0 Pleated pattern 0.45 3.0 88.0 2.5 6th 100.0 Pleated pattern 0.43 2.0 90.0 2.0 7th trade
more common
uncalcined
ter petrol
leumkoks Flow pattern 0 * 35 0.0 93.0 0.5

Eabelle 2 (for example 1)

cn

CD CO OO CO CaJ

CD CO

CO

p)

'S
fill
O

sample
No. Mean
right part
small size
se
/around Press pressure
kg / cm • Carbonized Bend
firm
speed
kg / cnr disc Graphitized disc density
g / cm ⁹ Bend
firm
speed
ο
kg / cm Effec
tive
Poro
sity
ToI. 96 Specific
electr.
Contrary
was standing
10 "^ cm 1 2.3 300 density
after
Pressing
g / cm ³ density
g / cm ⁹ ■ Μ Effec
tive *
Porosi
activity
Vol.?£ _ 2 2.0 700 1.0 Foams 1380 2.10 1300 3.0 15th 3 2.0 1000 1.11 1.72 1390 3.1 2.09 1300 3.0 14th 4th 2.4 1300 1.13 1.71 1400 3.2 2.11 1350 2.9 12th 5 2.3 1500 1.18 1.73 1200 '3.0 1.98 1200 8.0 13th 6th 2.3 1500 1.20 1.61 1000 0 1.90 880 15.0 7th 2.4 1500 1.20 1.53 16.0 will cn
σ
cn
. , - ■ ■ - £ »- couldn't be molded and sintered

OD CD

Table 3 (for example 2)

sample
ITr. Medium
Hurricane
size Press
pressure density
after
Pres
sung Carbonized Bend
firm
speed disc GraiDhitized disc density Bend
firm
speed Effec
tive
Porosi
activity Specific
electr.
Viid he
was standing cn
σ
ro /around kg / cur g / cET density ρ
kg / cm Effec
tive
Porosi
activity g / cmr p
kg / cm YoI. # 10 ~ ^ ßcm 833 / 1
2 2.3
2.0 600
600 1.18
1.19 g / cnr 1410 YoI. # 2.11 1370 2.6 12th ο
co
co 3 2.0 600 1.20 foams
1.75 1400 mm
2.7 2.15 1360 2.6 11 4th 2.4 600 1.20 1.75 1420 2.7 2.10 1350 2.4 11 5 2.3 600 1.20 1.76 .1415 2.5 2.00 1310 2.3 6th
7th 2.3
2.4 600
600 1.15
1.13 1.75 1100 2.7 1.99 1000 4.5 cn
13 σ
cn
«CO
CO
CO 1.69
1.30 4.9

Table 4 (for example 3)

cn CD CO OO CO CO

CD CO

CO

Mitt Press density Carbonized Bend disc Graphitized disc Bend Effec Spesif. Middle Precursor lere pressure after Duty firm Effec density firm tive electr. Diameter material part Pres speed tive speed Poro Contrary this the chen sung Poro sity was standing blow size sity pores /around kg / cur g / cm ⁵ kg / cm kg / cm YoI.% 10 " ⁴
Q ^# cm /around 40 1000 1.18 g / cm ⁵ 300 Vol. $ g / cm . 290 18.0 25th 5.0 Globulite 100 1000 1.15 1.45 400 19.0 1.80 380 15.0 18th 3.0 No. 3 in 1.52 16.0 1.85 !Table 1 3 1000 1.18 1400 1390 2.9 12th 0.05 No. 3 in 1.73 3.0 2.11 i ^ a. Table 1

CD cn oo OO CD

^W II ιη |,

¹ GJ ίί

Egg it-

Special elec. Contrary in ο O O ιη O stood 10 "-4 sl · cm KV φ
pi ΚΛ φ
pi φ * ~ ■ * "- H
Φ τ- H
φ • Η -P -P Φ
Xi Effec. Porosi O Q ιη Ο -P U
CO activity ToI. ok in • Η ιη • Η φ O O O ο S. & Flexural strength σν O C- O
τ— ο τ- φ
• Η speed kg / cm ^ τ— V- τ- CQ Ή -P
• Η Density g / cm • co
C3V KV
σ \ ιη
O ιη ■ Grap ι - ■ * " CM Middle part Chen size / um τ— ο ^ - Heat shrinkage. CVI (M CVl CVl deformation $ Carbon- O ιη C- ιη Salary weight $ H O
CTi CV!
σ \ 03
00 O CO
• Η U In quinoline solution ■ Ρ Lich weight 5S ο O ιη ο I. ^ φ KV KV KV J4 O CQ Atomic ratio U H / G VD ιη KV O
• φ Treatment «Ν
O O ο ο " time 'h / ~ \ IfX Treatment CV! CM CVl temperature G O O
σ * O
CVI O
CVl KV KV 'φ 'φ I. I. * * Raw material φ (D γΗ
O O R X! USX -P O + »O φ φ CD Φ Sample ITr. Pi pi ω

φ H

Ή Φ -P W

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! Table 6 (for example 5)

j OT I. 100 wt. Adjuvant Press density Ouch Carbonized Bend p disc ridge 'S observed. hitized disc Effec Spec. CO Parts of the Type 'wt. $ pressure after the You firm kg / cm Effec You g / cnr Bend tive. elec. I. 00 Precursors Pres te speed tive te firm Poro Contrary co: Ur. sung, 1000 Poro 1.91 speed sity was standing i CO!
"•" «. I. Polyethy kg / cm g / cnr 1200 sity 1.92 Vol. # Si · Qm j CDI
CD i len -Glycol 3 g / enr 1390 Vol./ _O 1.99 kg / cm »10 700 1.12 1400 1.98 9.2 11 COi 8th ti 20 700 1.15 1.59 8.9 1050 5.9 10 ". 30 700 1.19 ' 1.65 1000 5.5 1.90 1100 3.9 9.0 stearin 500 1.20 1.72 1150 3.9 1.93 1230 3.8 9.5 acid 20 1.73 3.8 1200 Uaphtalin 10 700 1.10 1200 1.95 8.5 11 Alkyl naph 700 1.10 1.60 1100 8.0 1.90 900 6.0 10 9 talin 10
Liquid
Paraffin 10 1.63 5.7 1100 Hard coal 700 1.13 1100 1.90 5.9 10 tar 10 700 1.13 1.65 5.5. 1100 9.3 10 Petroleum- 1.60 1290 7.0 1.95 1000 1 0 tar 15 700 1.16 1360 1.96 7.1 10 »30 1.60 1190 7.0 1.92 1000 Petrol. Sfeer 15 700 1.18 'the surface layer of the C 5.0 9.6 Water 10 500 1.18 1.69 5.0 ι pressing cracks 1150 4.9 9.5 11 Ethanol 10 700 1.17 1.70 5.0 1300 6.0 10 comparison 700 1.64 6.2 1050 Jegetistandes were after 11: 700

Table 7 (for example 6)

Graphite
more
object density Bend
firm
speed Effecti
ve Poro
sity Specific
elec
tricer
resistance g / cm- ³ kg / cm ToI. 3t 10 ~ ⁴ SI » cm material
this
Testing 1.90 1000 9.0 6.8 Trade
usual
material 1.75 180 28.0 7.5

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Claims (6)

Claims Process for the production of objects from solid carbon material of high flexural strength by molding a carbonaceous starting material without binding agent and then ^{carbonizing it "at at least 1000 0} G or" graphitizing it at 2000 Ms 3000 ⁰ C, which means that it is characterized by polycondensation of a pitch, a precursor material having an atomic ratio H / C of 0.35 "to 0.57, a carbon content of from 80" to 93 wt. ^, a content of quinoline-solubles from 2 to 15 wt. fo and a heat shrinkage deformation of at least 2 % (without material leakage from the tester, when a cylinder of 1.0 cm cross-section with a bottom opening of 1 mm diameter is used as the tester and 1 g of the material is heated in it ^{in a finely powdered state under a mechanical load of 10 kg / cm in increments of 6 per minute to 500 ° C.} ) is produced, and that this precursor material is then comminuted to a particle size of at most 10 μm, then shaped as a carbon-containing starting material and then carbonized or graphitized. 2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the precursor material in a ratio of 3 to 60 wt. $, Based on the precursor material, is mixed with an adjuvant which is composed of higher hydrocarbons, higher organic compounds with hydroxyl groups Esters and ethers of these higher organic compounds, higher oil 509833/0919 acids, esters of these fatty acids and / or metal salts of these fatty acids, the Adguvans having ^{a fluidity at temperatures above 10O 0} G, a boiling or decomposition point of at least 150 ⁰ C and a maximum of 20 wt. 3. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that liquid paraffin, lubricating oil, petroleum-Ireichöl, tar oil, anthracene oil, maphthalene, alkylnaphthalene and / or hydrogenated products of these compounds are used as higher hydrocarbons. 4. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, Polyäthylengly.kol, polypropylene glycol, cyclohesanol, glycerine, polyvinyl alcohol and / or higher alcohols are used as higher organic compounds with hydroxyl groups. 5. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that the fatty acids, optionally in the form of the esters and / or their metal salts, lauric acid, myristic acid,. Palatine acid, stearic acid and / or oleic acid can be used. 6. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that coal pitch, petroleum pitch or a mixture of these two types of pitch is used as pitch. KRE / dm 50983 3/0919 Empty soap