DE247775C

DE247775C -

Info

Publication number: DE247775C
Application number: DE1910247775D
Authority: DE
Priority date: 1910-01-10
Filing date: 1910-06-08
Publication date: 1912-06-06
Also published as: FR416106A

Description

KAISERLICHESIMPERIAL

PATENTAMT.PATENT OFFICE.

PATENTSCHRIFTPATENT LETTERING

- M 247775 KLASSE 18 c. GRUPPE- M 247775 CLASS 18 c. GROUP

in BRISTOL, V. St. A.in BRISTOL, V. St. A.

gebildet werden.are formed.

Patentiert im Deutschen Reiche vom 8. Juni 1910 ab.Patented in the German Empire on June 8, 1910.

Gemäß der Erfindung wird die an sich bekannte Oberflächenkohlung von metallenen (z. B. schmiedeeisernen) Gegenständen mittels gasförmiger Kohlungsmittel in der Weise ausgeführt, daß man das Kohlungsgas vor seinem Zusammentreffen mit den zu kohlenden Gegenständen auf eine Temperatur erhitzt, die mindestens gleich derjenigen der letzteren ist. Hierdurch wird schädliches Abschrecken derAccording to the invention, the known surface carbonization of metallic (e.g. wrought iron) objects by means of gaseous carbon dioxide in such a way that that the carbon gas before it meets the objects to be carbonated heated to a temperature at least equal to that of the latter. This will detrimental quenching of the

ίο Gegenstände vermieden. Da nach der Erfindung zu Beginn das Kohlungsgas gewöhnlich eine höhere Temperatur hat als die zu kohlenden Gegenstände, so unterstützt es deren Erhitzung auf die Kohlungstemperatur.ίο objects avoided. Because according to the invention at the beginning the carbonizing gas usually has a higher temperature than that to be carbonized Objects, it supports their heating to the carbonization temperature.

In Ausführung der Erfindung wird am zweckmäßigsten Mineralöl je in Heiner Menge in einer besonderen, mit dem Kohlungsgefäß in Verbindung stehenden beheizten Kammer — Vergasungskammer — vergast, aus welcher das Gas durch seinen Eigendruck in das Kohlungsgefäß getrieben wird und in diesem in innige Berührung mit den zu kohlenden Gegenständen gelangt.In carrying out the invention, the most expedient mineral oil is each in one amount special heated chamber - gasification chamber connected to the charring vessel - gasified, from which the gas by its own pressure into the carbonation vessel is driven and in this intimate contact with the objects to be carbonized got.

Um Oxydation auszuschließen, wird das Kohlungsgefäß nach der Beschickung mit den Gegenständen entlüftet, und zwar am zweckmäßigsten in der Weise, daß man die Luft durch Einlassen einer kleinen Menge Entkohlungsgases austreibt, dann das Gefäß schließt sowie die Gaszufuhr abstellt., worauf man das Gefäß auf oder ungefähr auf die Kohlungstemperatur erhitzt und nunmehr das Kohlungsgas in der zur Kohlung erforderlichen Menge einströmen läßt.In order to exclude oxidation, the charring vessel is filled with the Objects vented, and most expediently in such a way that you get the air by admitting a small amount of decarburization gas, then closing the vessel and the gas supply is turned off, whereupon the vessel is at or about the carbonization temperature heated and now lets the carbon gas flow in in the amount required for carbonization.

Soll der Kohlenstoff nicht zum größeren Teile in den äußeren Schichten des Gegenstandes zurückgehalten bleiben, sondern die ganze Masse des Gegenstandes gleichförmig durchdringen, wie z. B. zur Herstellung von Plattenfedern bzw. federnden Platten, so stellt man die Zufuhr des Kohlungsgases ab, sobald der Gegenstand die Gesamtmenge an einzuführendem Kohlenstoff aufgenommen hat und erhält hiernach den Gegenstand noch eine Zeitlang auf der Kohlungstemperatur, wobei der innere Teil des Gegenstandes Kohlenstoff aus dessen äußerem Teil aufnimmt, bis sich das Gleichgewicht der Kohlung hergestellt hat.Should the carbon not be for the greater part in the outer layers of the object remain held back, but penetrate the whole mass of the object uniformly, such as B. for the production of plate springs or resilient plates, so you put the Supply of the carbonation gas as soon as the object has reached the total amount to be introduced Has absorbed carbon and will keep the object for a while afterwards the carbon temperature, the inner part of the object being carbon from its outer part Part absorbs until the equilibrium of the carbonization has been established.

Auf der Zeichnung ist ein Beispiel einer zur Ausführung der Erfindung geeigneten Vorrichtung dargestellt, und zwar zeigtThe drawing shows an example of a device suitable for carrying out the invention shown, namely shows

Fig. ι einen senkrechten Schnitt nach der gebrochenen Linie 1-1 (Fig. 2) undFig. Ι a vertical section along the broken line 1-1 (Fig. 2) and

Fig. 2 einen wagerechten Schnitt nach Linie 2-2 (Fig. 1).Fig. 2 is a horizontal section along line 2-2 (Fig. 1).

Eine von gemauerten Wänden 1 und 5 eingeschlossene ringförmige Heizkammer 2, welche mittels öl- oder Gasbrenner 3 beheizt wird, • umschließt eine zylindrische Vergasungskammer 4, in welcher das die zu kohlenden Gegenstände aufnehmende Gefäß 7 angebracht ist. Dasselbe ruht mit seinem von Löchern 8 durch-An annular heating chamber 2 enclosed by brick walls 1 and 5, which is heated by means of an oil or gas burner 3, • encloses a cylindrical gasification chamber 4, in which the vessel 7 holding the objects to be coaled is attached. The same rests with its holes 8 through

Claims

Broken floor ίο on a correspondingly perforated hollow carrier ii, which is connected to the gasification chamber through side openings. The lid of the vessel 7 is provided with a gas outlet. The mineral oil is fed to the gasification chamber through a pipe 12 which opens through its cover 6 and is provided with a tap. The charring vessel 7 is charged with the objects to be charred, and the gasification chamber is closed by placing the cover 6 on. The air is first driven out of the carbonation vessel 7 by letting some oil flow in, which is immediately converted into highly heated gas; this penetrates through the openings 8 into the charring vessel 7 and displaces the air from the same, which escapes through the gas outlet 9. After sufficient evolution of gas, the flow of oil is turned off. As soon as the required temperature, e.g. B. red heat is reached, the oil flow is turned on again. The oil is immediately converted into gas, which takes on the temperature of the gasification chamber. Since this encloses the charring vessel, the objects present in the latter are at the same temperature as it. . The gas penetrating through the openings 8 into the vessel 7 therefore does not have a deterrent effect, but rather supports the heating of the objects by having a higher temperature than that at the beginning of the operation. If it is desired to carbonize the object in its entirety, the oil supply is turned off while the carbonation vessel is kept at carbonation temperature until the desired effect is achieved. The gasification chamber is most expediently gas-tight, so that a metal carbonization vessel can be used without having to fear oxidation. If desired, the gas emerging from the charring vessel 7 can be used to heat the furnace, e.g. B. by connecting the discharge pipe 9 to the fire chamber 2 through a pipe 13. In order to measure the temperature of the material subject to the carbonization, a pyrometer 14 is mounted in the outflow pipe 9 for measuring the temperature of the outflowing gases, which is that of the material subject to the carbonization. Pa ten τ-An Proverbs:

1. Process of surface carbonization iron objects by means of carbonaceous gases or vapors produced by gasification are formed by hydrocarbons, characterized in that the hydrocarbons continuously introduced into the gasification chamber in small quantities and gasified at a temperature which is at least the same, but appropriately higher than the carbonization temperature, and that that Gas (vapors) at this temperature flows directly into the carbonization space due to its internal stress.

2. Device for carrying out the method according to claim 1, characterized in that that the gasification chamber provided above with a supply line (12) for the carbonization material (4) arranged between the heating chamber (2) and the carbonization chamber (7) and with the latter at the bottom in Connection is.

For this purpose i sheet drawings,