DE2434856A1 - Non-destructive testing of internal surfaces of pipes - measuring damping or reflection by burrs etc. of microwaves - Google Patents
Non-destructive testing of internal surfaces of pipes - measuring damping or reflection by burrs etc. of microwavesInfo
- Publication number
- DE2434856A1 DE2434856A1 DE2434856A DE2434856A DE2434856A1 DE 2434856 A1 DE2434856 A1 DE 2434856A1 DE 2434856 A DE2434856 A DE 2434856A DE 2434856 A DE2434856 A DE 2434856A DE 2434856 A1 DE2434856 A1 DE 2434856A1
- Authority
- DE
- Germany
- Prior art keywords
- pipes
- microwaves
- reflection
- measuring
- internal surfaces
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B15/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of electromagnetic waves or particle radiation, e.g. by the use of microwaves, X-rays, gamma rays or electrons
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N22/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of microwaves or radio waves, i.e. electromagnetic waves with a wavelength of one millimetre or more
- G01N22/02—Investigating the presence of flaws
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Immunology (AREA)
- Pathology (AREA)
- Investigating Or Analyzing Materials By The Use Of Ultrasonic Waves (AREA)
- Investigating Or Analyzing Materials By The Use Of Magnetic Means (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Verfahren zur Gütemessung bzw. zur zerstörungsfreien Prüfung der Innenoberfläche von Rohren Die Erfindung betrifft etn Verfahren zur Gütemessung bzw. zur zerstörunrnsfreien Prüfung der Innsnoberfläche von Rohren großer Länge auf Schalen, Geometrieabmeichungen, Grate und Rückstände, insbesondere f;ir Rohre mit kleinem Durchmesser. Method for quality measurement or non-destructive testing of the Inner surface of pipes The invention relates to a method for quality measurement or for non-destructive testing of the inner surface of pipes of great length on shells, geometrical adjustments, burrs and residues, especially for pipes with a small diameter.
Fiir das Auffinden von Fehlern an der Innenoberfläche von Rohren sind zerstörungsfreie Prüfverfahren entwickelt worden, die in bestimmten Grenzen zufriedenstellend arbeiten.For finding defects on the inner surface of pipes are Non-destructive testing methods have been developed that are satisfactory within certain limits work.
Bekannt ist die zerstörungsfreie Prüfung mit Ultraschall, bei der bevorzugt radial in die Rohrwand verlaufende Risse mit großer Sicherheit aufgefunden werden, Flach von innen oder auch außen in die Rohrwand verlaufende schalenartige Fehler werden nur mit unzureichender Genauigkeit aufgefunden. Darüberhinaus werden Geometrieabweichungen im Rohrinnern bei z03. abstehenden Schalen geringster Tiefe,oder bei Unrundheiten des inneren Rohrdurchmessers nicht zur Anzeige gebracht. Ebenso können lose in den Rohren liegende Späne oder Rückstände nicht auffindbar gemacht werden. Abgesehen von diesen Nachteilen eignet sich die Ultraschallprüfung wegen ihrer Prüfgeschwindigkeit nicht für die Überprüfung von Massenrohren. Ein wesentliche billigeres Verfahren stellt die Wirbelstromprüfung dar. Dieser zerstörungsfreien Prüfung durch Wirbelstrom haftet der große Nachteil an, daß wegen des Skineffektes die Eindringtiefe von außen nach innen abnimmt. Aus diesem Grunde ist das Wirbelstromverfahren ein bevorzugt für die Außenoberflächenprüfung geeignetes Verfahren. Innenfehler wie Schalen, Späne, Geometrieabweichungen und derglO werden daher nur mit geringer bTa,hrscheinlichkeit und beschränkt auf kleine Wanddicken (ca.c 4 mm) gefunden. Die vielfach benutzte Methode, mit Wirbelstromsonden die innere Oberfläche von Rohren spirnlförmig abzutasten, ist auf bestimmte kleinste Rohrdurchmesser beschränkt, und wegen ihrer geringen Leistungsfähigkeit auf Sonderfälle der Einzelfertigung beschränkt.Well known is the non-destructive testing with ultrasound, in which Preferably, cracks running radially into the pipe wall were found with great certainty are, flat from the inside or outside in the pipe wall running shell-like Errors are only found with insufficient accuracy. Beyond that Geometry deviations inside the pipe at z03. protruding shells of shallow depth, or not displayed if the inner pipe diameter is not round. as well can be loose in the Chips or residues lying on the pipes cannot be found be made. Apart from these disadvantages, ultrasonic testing is suitable not for checking bulk pipes because of their test speed. A Eddy current testing is a significantly cheaper method. This is non-destructive Eddy current testing has the major disadvantage that because of the skin effect the depth of penetration decreases from the outside to the inside. This is the reason why the eddy current method is used a preferred method for external surface testing. Internal defects such as shells, chips, geometrical deviations and the like are therefore only reduced with bTa, probability and limited to small wall thicknesses (about c 4 mm) found. The widely used method, with eddy current probes the inner surface of pipes Scanning in a spiral shape is limited to certain smallest pipe diameters, and because of their low performance on special cases of one-off production limited.
Aus den vorstehend geschilderten Gründen wird die Prüfung der Innenoberflhche von Rohren heute noch in der Regal mit dem menschlichen Auge durchgeführt. Dsbei werden die Rohre über einen Bock abgerollt, an dessen einem Ende starke Lichtquellen aufgestellt sind. Vom anderen Ende beobachtet ein flevisor die Innenoberfläche der Rohre. Dieses einzige, für die Massenproduktion verbreitete Verfahren, hat den Nachteil der subjektiven Beurteilung, wobei die natiirliche Grenze bei großen Rohrlangen in Verbindung mit kleinem Innendurchmesser liegt.For the reasons outlined above, the examination of the inner surface of pipes still carried on the shelf with the human eye today. Dsbei the pipes are unrolled over a trestle with strong light sources at one end are set up. From the other end, a flevisor observes the inner surface of the Tube. This only method, widely used for mass production, has the disadvantage the subjective assessment, whereby the natural limit for long pipe lengths in connection with a small inner diameter.
Aufgabe der Erfindung ist es, ein Verfahren zu schaffen, mit dem eine automatische Prüfung der Innenoberfläche von langen Rohren, insbesondere kleiner Durchmesser ermöglicht wird.The object of the invention is to create a method with which one automatic inspection of the inner surface of long pipes, especially small ones Diameter is made possible.
Diese Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß gelöst durch Anwendung der aus der Nachrichtentechnik bekannten Nikrowellenausbreitung in Hohlleitern. Es kann die Gleichwellen- oder Impulsmethode angewendet werden, wobei zur Fehlerermittlung die bei der Ausbreitung von Mikrowellen auftretende Dämpfung bzw. Reflexion in Art und Stärke gemessen wird. Die Frequenz der Mikrowellen liegt zwischen etwa 1 bis 100 GHz Durch das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren wird die Priifung der Innenoberfläche langer Rohre mit kleinem Durchmesser in automatischem Ablauf ermöglicht, wobei außer Verunreinigungen, Graten usw. auch Geometrieabweichungen, z¢B. eine elliptische Deformation der Rnhrwandung erfaßt werden können, Das vorbeschriebene Verfahren läßt sich gleichzeitig auch zur Bestimmung der Rohrlänge verwenden, zOBo durch Messung der Laufzeit der vom Rohrende reflektierten Mikrowellenimpulse.This object is achieved according to the invention by applying the from Microwave propagation in waveguides known from telecommunications engineering. It can the single-wave or pulse method can be used, whereby for error detection those in the spread attenuation caused by microwaves or Reflection is measured in type and strength. The frequency of the microwaves is between about 1 to 100 GHz The method according to the invention is used to test the inner surface allows long pipes with small diameter in automatic sequence, except Impurities, burrs, etc. also deviations in geometry, e.g. an elliptical Deformation of the Rnhrwandung can be detected, the method described above can be used at the same time to determine the pipe length, zOBo by measurement the transit time of the microwave pulses reflected from the pipe end.
Patentansprüche Claims
Claims (4)
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE2434856A DE2434856A1 (en) | 1974-07-18 | 1974-07-18 | Non-destructive testing of internal surfaces of pipes - measuring damping or reflection by burrs etc. of microwaves |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE2434856A DE2434856A1 (en) | 1974-07-18 | 1974-07-18 | Non-destructive testing of internal surfaces of pipes - measuring damping or reflection by burrs etc. of microwaves |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
DE2434856A1 true DE2434856A1 (en) | 1976-02-05 |
Family
ID=5921035
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
DE2434856A Pending DE2434856A1 (en) | 1974-07-18 | 1974-07-18 | Non-destructive testing of internal surfaces of pipes - measuring damping or reflection by burrs etc. of microwaves |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
DE (1) | DE2434856A1 (en) |
Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0629837A1 (en) * | 1993-06-15 | 1994-12-21 | Tokyo Gas Co., Ltd. | Method of measuring inner diameter of pipe |
EP0629836A1 (en) * | 1993-06-15 | 1994-12-21 | Tokyo Gas Co., Ltd. | Method of inspecting abnormality occurring inside pipe and apparatus for practicing the method |
WO1995010755A1 (en) * | 1993-10-14 | 1995-04-20 | Maloe Predpr V Forme Obschestv | Electromagnetic process for measuring the thickness of articles and a device for carrying out said process |
-
1974
- 1974-07-18 DE DE2434856A patent/DE2434856A1/en active Pending
Cited By (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0629837A1 (en) * | 1993-06-15 | 1994-12-21 | Tokyo Gas Co., Ltd. | Method of measuring inner diameter of pipe |
EP0629836A1 (en) * | 1993-06-15 | 1994-12-21 | Tokyo Gas Co., Ltd. | Method of inspecting abnormality occurring inside pipe and apparatus for practicing the method |
US5612625A (en) * | 1993-06-15 | 1997-03-18 | Tokyo Gas Co., Ltd. | Method of measuring inner diameter of pipe |
US5773984A (en) * | 1993-06-15 | 1998-06-30 | Tokyo Gas Co., Ltd. | Method of inspecting abnormality occurring inside pipe and apparatus for practicing the method |
WO1995010755A1 (en) * | 1993-10-14 | 1995-04-20 | Maloe Predpr V Forme Obschestv | Electromagnetic process for measuring the thickness of articles and a device for carrying out said process |
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Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
OHJ | Non-payment of the annual fee |