DE2424598A1 - MONITORING SYSTEM FOR THE OPERATION OF A COMPUTER - Google Patents

Description

Xerox Square, Eochester, New York 14603, USA

Monitoring system for the operation of a computer

The invention relates to a surveillance system for the computer operation, to the operation and the operating behavior of digital computer systems empirically to be determined, especially in the case of large bucket systems, in which the computation time is divided among a number of users, usually different Branch offices use the computer system. The empirical Determination of the computer operating behavior and the computer operating status is a useful addition to the techniques of mathematical modeling and the simulation, which are used in the planning of new computer systems. The empirical determination is particularly useful as an aid to administrative staff who have to deal with the complicated tasks Use multi-user computing capabilities as effectively as possible.

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Bank account H. Aufhäuser, Munich 173 533 · Deutsche Bank, Munich IC / 25078 · Posischeckkonto Munich 46212-SOl BLZ 70030600 BLZ 70070010 BLZ 70010080

The purpose of determining the computer operating behavior is to obtain comprehensive statistics for the operating properties which change as a function of the actual load to which the computer system parts are subjected. In the case of multi-user systems (time-sharing systems), this load depends on the degree of utilization of the external users and on the properties and the nature of the requirements made by the user on the computer parts _a b. The load in a multi-employee system is variable and in most cases cannot be determined in advance, but one method of determining the operational verbal ^ can consist in storing the load and the operational statistics that create a handle to optimally set various work parameters in a certain system "to coordinate", and in addition, data is provided that is useful for planning future systems. In a multi-user system, data words are usually provided for setting, such as the time unit or the time units that are allocated to different programs for uninterrupted program execution, or the number of programs that can run simultaneously, or other parameters for the allocation of priorities in one List of computing activities. Without determining the operating data, these parameters can hardly be set other than according to intuitive standards.

For determining and querying Rochner operating behavior two basic possibilities are known: the external determination method and the internal investigation method. The external investigative

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lungsraethode consists in the determination of the computer operating behavior through circuits (handware) that are located outside the computer and the changes to the

Records component states in the computer is related to the computer in that the computer circuits _{e> are} usually tapped using high-resistance taps. The internal determination method consists in determining the computer operating behavior by means of pure programs (software) within the computer; That is to say, the various events are determined or counted over time by programmed commands, these commands being contained in corresponding parts of the program system which coordinate _and control the various components of the computer system.

The = external determination method has the disadvantage that it only records events and states in the computer can determine to a very limited extent, for example the input-output activity, the status signals equipment, breaker conditions, and current instruction addresses. Although the external Determination sine tho de could theoretically be structured in such a way that that also other events and conditions that can be more easily determined by programs, such as the number and identity of the computer users, to be determined, is determined by practical considerations the use of an external investigation method generally remain limited to the monitoring of the working method the computer components in detail. On the other hand, the application of the internal investigation method opposite disadvantages, namely that with this method only the events and states

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those related to the program system can be measured, but not the individual ones Component states, unless special computer commands have been provided for this purpose. The internal determination method suffers from a further disadvantage, namely that the actual Investigative procedures distorted the results obtained because the commands that record the Running times and counters, itself a burden on two important parts of the computer, namely represents for the storage capacity and for the time of the central processing unit. at This last-mentioned difficulty does not arise with the external determination method, since the determination method with components in no way burdened the computer parts.

Even if both the external and the internal determination method are used on the same computer system becomes, it is practically impossible to keep track of the changes in the computer program load that occur on can best be determined by internal determination, with the changes in the component operating behavior, which can best be determined by external investigation. The relationship between program loading and device performance is an important determination , and a monitoring system for the operating data should, if possible, have facilities to check and establish this connection to be able to.

Accordingly, an ideal computer operation monitoring system should take advantage of the external determination, in particular the accuracy and security of the individual component determination

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with the advantages of internal investigation, in particular with the possibility of a more comprehensive and coherent one To determine the states and conditions of the computer system, be combined. In addition, it should be the ideal surveillance system show the lowest possible distortion of the determined results for computer operation, brought in as a result of the surveillance process itself, and, most importantly, it should the monitoring system have facilities to the data that were determined internally with the externally determined Correlate data.

It is the object of the present invention to provide a monitoring to create a system for computer operation that does not have the disadvantages of known facilities, and meets the needs mentioned.

In accordance with the invention, this object is achieved by a internal monitoring device for storing data relating to the states and conditions a computer system that is to be monitored, refer, by external monitoring devices, which are in communication with the computer system, for storage of data relating to the signal changes transmitted by the computer system, by recording means for recording data received from the internal supervisory means and the external monitoring device were, and facilities to the functioning of the internal supervisory facility, the external Monitoring device, and the recording device to synchronize.

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The task mentioned is carried out with a device to determine the operation of a Rochner system solved by a set of system programs which form a unit with the computer system in order to To store data related to events and conditions in the computer system Assemblies that are outside the computer system lie;. and are in connection with this, to store data related to signal changes made by the computer system come and through coordinators to "the operation of the set of system programs and to coordinate the assemblies optionally.

The object according to the invention is also achieved with a method for monitoring computer operation solved, this method having the following method steps: external determination a signal group from a computer system, internal determination of a group of states and conditions of the computer systems, where the

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Procedural steps to internal and external Determination is carried out over continuous time intervals, and a periodic one Record data by internal and external procedural steps Determination can be obtained.

The present invention resides in a new combination of both the external and the also the internal determination method that is used for computer operation monitoring, thereby also getting the advantages of each detection method and the disadvantages circumvented or greatly reduced. This way it becomes a more effective option created for monitoring computer operation. Basically, and in general terms, the invention includes an external monitoring subsystem that is connected to a computer that is to be monitored, and an internal UberwachuxLgs subsystem, the part of the to be monitored

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or "basic" computer, both the external as well as the internal monitoring subsystem of the Basic computer is controllable.

Because the external monitoring together with the internal Monitoring subsystem is controllable, the internal and external monitoring operations can be synchronized and those of the two methods of separation obtained data can be compared and correlated according to the present invention.

Signals are transmitted from the basic computer to the external monitoring subsystem via taps and lines and a monitoring device detects changes in the signals and stores the data that relate to these changes. The saved Data can be entered into a basic database at specified monitoring intervals by controlling a Control programs that run in the basic computer are recorded and then processed using standard statistical methods.

The internal supervisor subsystem has data collection and distribution subroutines that are connected to appropriate Positions are contained in the program system that belongs to the basic computer. The data collection is carried out by certain events that occur in the basic computer are initiated asynchronously, for example when the Amount of time that was allocated for the execution of a program in a multi-user system. The collected Data are usually in the form of numbers and time intervals that begin with the occurrence these events are related. These numbers

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and times are summarized in a group of data tables and from there in preselected Monitoring intervals in a basic database through control with another control program recorded.

The control programs for controlling the external and internal supervisory operations are essential combined in a single unit so that the two operations can be synchronized and the two basic data sets received contain parallel records of data, internal and external were determined. While the internal determination for the recording of events and states is more comprehensive Type more suitable, i.e. for those events and conditions for which the determination of the corresponding Component states are complicated and difficult, external identification is best for recording Events and conditions on certain components. So it is found that it is beneficial is to carry out the internal and external monitoring together.

The external determination can first be used as a validity check of the internal monitoring. the Data collection and distribution subroutines are contained in a complex program system, and logical errors can easily arise as a result of changes in the program system be performed. However, they are parallel and synchronized. Basic amounts of data available, can through

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the external supervisor subsystem does a validation internal monitoring.

Second, and perhaps more importantly, the individual operational data provided by the external determination are collected, with the load states of the basic computer that are generated by the internal determination can be found to be beneficial. For example, the There is a possibility that, from a statistical point of view, many samples in the externally determined basic database are invalid or worthless because these basic data sets were determined at times when the debit of the base machine was exceptional for one reason or another. It is impossible to do this To switch off samples solely through the external determination methods, the externally determined individual data However, as a result of the synchronization with the internal determination, they can correspond to the internally determined Stress states are filtered out. In the same way, the invention creates a to The possibility that was not available now, the monitoring samples of the externally determined data, which were recorded at different times, with precise knowledge of the load conditions at these Compare times; this avoids controlling the load conditions in the basic computer Need to become.

The supervisory system according to the invention also has the advantages of the external investigation method, that is, accurate statistics on computer operation are obtained with minimal distortion or "artificially." introduced changes ("Artifacts") »by

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the monitoring process itself can be brought in. This distortion is kept small by the fact that the " external discovery is suspended when the host is busy with the external supervisor subsystem and by having the data periodically when certain events occur and less when they occur repeated sample specifications are determined internally asynchronously. In the same way, the invention the advantages of the internal investigation method, which also view the data in a more comprehensive way can be determined, which would not be "feasible" using the external determination method alone.

The external supervisor system also has a changeable Connection system (interface) with the basic computer, to select and assemble a certain group of signals supplied by the basic computer, and to obtain identification signals which have a more general,. a more general condition or show the condition in the basic calculator, for example the identity of the user program currently running on the computer. If this last mentioned feature is at shared internal and external monitoring becomes an even more effective operational monitoring system created because the external monitoring subsystem is not only synchronous with the internal Monitoring sub-system expires, but thereby also it is possible to identify changes in certain more general conditions or states, when these occur.

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Combined external and internal operational monitoring can also be used to obtain summarized overview information about the computer to be monitored, ie to obtain detailed statistical data relating to the distribution and use of the various computer system parts. The detailed "bookkeeping" information of this type _5, which in the practical case cannot be obtained by external or internal monitoring alone, can also be used to set various control parameters of the computer program system to enable Rochner operation for the predominantly occurring load conditions to optimize.

In summary, the present invention provides a method and an apparatus for determining of the operating characteristics of a computer system, "external" and "internal" monitoring being combined. With external monitoring changes to a selected signal group are determined by the computer from an auxiliary device, which is connected to the computer via high-resistance taps and lines. Internal monitoring determined by the facilities contained in the computer system itself the more general or broader states and conditions relating to computer operation, for example the number and type of programs used by the computer system user. From the external and internal Monitoring become basic data at the same time

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created in which the data are collected in order to ins Individual operational characteristics going and the more general ones determined by internal monitoring respectively. more coherent properties in relationship to put. The add-on device for performing external monitoring uses a content-addressable one Memory a buffer memory for storing the data and two separate central processing units, to control the work processes during the surveillance, while the internal surveillance by storing data tables that reflect changes in comprehensive states and Relate conditions, are effected in the computer program to be monitored itself. The one to be monitored The computer itself controls the internal monitoring, the external monitoring and the generation of the basic data volumes according to the user commands.

The present invention thus provides a new and extremely useful means of controlling performance to monitor complex computer systems and to investigate. It satisfies the long-felt need for a supervisory system where the advantages of the external and internal monitoring systems can be used together and the basic data sets of the internally and externally determined data generated in a suitable manner can be related to each other.

The invention, as well as further features and advantages, are explained in more detail with reference to the drawings, for example explained. Show it:

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2,2,598

Figure 1 is a block diagram showing the combination and interaction of the internal and external Represents supervisor subsystem in a supervisor system for computing operations,

Figure 2 is a more detailed block diagram showing the flow of data in the external supervisor subsystem represents and

Figures 3 a and 3 b together a flow chart for the workflow created by the control programs for the internal and external supervisory sub-systems is carried out.

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Overall arrangement of the system

Referring to Pig * 1, there is shown a new and improved system for computer flow monitoring that incorporates the features of the present invention. Basically, the invention comprises an external monitoring subsystem 10 and an internal monitoring subsystem 11, both of which are connected to a conventional computing system 12 that is to be monitored and controlled and which is to be referred to as the "basic" computing system stand. An interrelated group of control and reading programs 13 controls the monitoring operation as a function of the commands of a computer system user or an operator 14 and generates basic or master data sets 15 and 16 of control or monitoring data from the external or internal monitoring subsystem 10 or 11.

The basic computer system 12 is typically a large time sharing system having a number of (not shown) remote stations, and the external monitoring sub-system 10 with monitoring signals applied to the computer system flow indicate. The basic computer system 12 has a customary central computer unit 17, which in the present case preferred embodiment also the functions a "mother" or base central unit ("host" central unit), i.e. they operates to control the external monitoring subsystem 10. In addition, the basic computer system has conventional peripheral devices 18, a conventional magnetic core memory 19 as RAM for the programs and data, one

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Memory channel 21 for data and control transmission paths between the core memory 19 and the basic central processing unit 17, as well as a direct one Input-output connector 22.

The external monitoring subsystem 10 has a monitor connection 23 in order to select signals from the basic computer system 12 as a function of control signals sent from the basic central processing unit 17 via the direct input / output connection 22 through the control channel 2 ^L t shown, supplied, and in order to control the monitoring-controlled signals for further use by the external monitoring subsystem in a suitable manner. An associative monitor 25 is of essential importance in the external over wa ELL s subsystem 10, ie a monitor whose mode of operation depends on an associative or content-addressing memory that can compare the incoming signal schema with the pre-stored or previously occurred signal schemes. The data relating to the changes in the incoming signals are collected in a monitor memory 26, of which a toilet of this monitor memory 2,6 is also used as a memory for the command programs for the associative monitor 25. Associative monitor 25 operates by controlling control signals from base CPU 17 as indicated by control channel 27, and monitor memory 26 has access from base CPU 17 for storage and retrieval of information such as this is represented by the data channels 28 and 29.

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The monitor-controlled signals from the base central unit 17 are transmitted by means of standard lines 31 to the monitor output 23, wherein the standard lines 31 associated with the memory transmission path 21 in communication, as well as means hocliohmiger taps 32 and 33, with the 6rund- ^z entraleinheit 17 or are connected to the peripheral devices l8 of the basic system, and furthermore by means of coaxial lines 3 ^l k and 35 from the taps to the monitor connection 23 ·

Many of those mentioned in the previous description in connection with external monitoring With regard to the external monitoring of the same computer system 12, components have roughly analogous counterparts « Corresponding to the basic central unit 17, there is a group of interrelated Programs are available which are referred to as basic computer system programs 46 in this context. The system programs 36 control all operations in the basic central processing unit, the core memory 19 in the peripheral devices 18 and in the other devices with the basic central unit are connected, to be executed. In a time-sharing system, the system programs 36 are very complex and must also Perform tasks such as the allocation of the core memory, the central computer Zcitvorgang and other systems used by the various users of the system. That internal monitoring subsystem 11 corresponds to external monitoring subsystem 10, where

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the internal monitoring subsystem 11 for the internal sequence of data collection subroutines 371 Data Distribution Subroutines 38 and Tables of Accumulated Data 39 a \ ifweis.

The data collection subroutines 37 for the internal process are contained in the basic computer system program 36 and a certain analogy to the taps 32 and 32 can be seen with the circuit arrangement in the basic central unit 17 and the peripheral devices 18 of the basic system stay in contact. The data channels 4l schematically show the collection of data from the system programs 36 by the data collection subroutines 37. The data collection subroutines 37 are entered when certain states and conditions occur, for example in a time-sharing system at the end of a period of time _for a user program was assigned, or at the beginning or at the end of a data transmission to or from a branch office. The data distribution subroutines 38 merely distribute the collected data in the desired manner to the tables 391 as indicated by the data channel 42.

The control and reading programs 13 contain control programs for internal monitoring 43 and control programs for external monitoring 44. The control programs 43 for internal monitoring run periodically a retrieval of a group of accumulated data from Tables 39 like this is represented by the data channel 45 and read this as the next data record in the internal monitoring basic data set 15, and the control programs 44

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a group of accumulated data are periodically obtained from monitor memory 26 for external monitoring again, as indicated by the data channel 46, and read them as the next data set in the external Basic monitoring data volume.

The monitoring operations are controlled by the computer system user or the operator 14 performed as shown by the control channel 47 is. Usually the user 14 establishes the connection with the control programs for the internal Monitoring 43 via a branch office or a (not shown) existing input unit. The user gives the desired parameters for a Monitoring process, including a total number of data records that are included in basic data sets 15 and 16 is to be recorded, and including a sampling interval or sampling time between successive Records should elapse.

As already indicated, the basic central unit 17 works as a "mother" or as a "host" and transmits the control signals the monitor connection and the associative monitor 25 via the control paths 24 and 27 and stores the input and output data from monitor memory 26 via data paths 28 and 29, respectively. These operations of the external monitoring subsystem 10 are also controlled by the external monitoring control programs 44, as indicated by the control path 48, controlled.

One can see that the data is transmitted through the data path 46 can be retrieved from the monitor memory 26 by means of the control programs 44 for external monitoring, via the data path -29 from the monitor memory to the basic

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Central unit 17 arrive. To get a clearer representation to create, the data path 46 is however directly connected to the control programs 44 for external monitoring, just like the file path 45 from the data tables 39 with the control programs 43 for the internal Monitoring is connected.

A basic idea of the invention is that the control programs 44 for external monitoring with the control programs 43 for internal monitoring are combined so that the user 14 the internal as well as the external monitoring operations at the same time can operate, and the internal and external monitoring basic database will be accordingly generated practically at the same time.

External monitoring

A complete and detailed description of the external monitoring subsystem 10 can be found U.S. Application No. 312,338, which with "supervisory system for the computer process" ("Computer Performance Monitoring System "). An overview of the basic operation of the external Monitoring subsystem 10 will be given in this specification from section to the present invention to understand better.

From Fig. 1 it can be seen that the core memory 19 is a suitable signal source for the external monitoring subsystem 10 shows that the memory transmission path 21 is transmission paths for the data and control signals between the basic central processing unit 17 and the core memory 19 creates. For example, the memory

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address of a word retrieved from the core memory 19 from the memory transmission channel 21 can be tapped, as well as the contents of the retrieved memory word together with the necessary time talct and control signals are tapped can. In the present invention, the signals in the memory transmission channel 21 are the external transmission subsystem 10 via the data path 31 using conventional signal cabling techniques fed. In a present preferred embodiment, the basic computer system is a "Sigma 7" model from Xerox Corporation and the wiring techniques used to transmit the signals from the Memory communication channel 21 to the external monitoring subsystem 10 are used in detail in the publication "Sigma Computer Systems Interface Design Manual. ", Publication No. 9po 973, published by Xerox Corporation, El Segundo, California. However, it is clear that a large number of different techniques can be used to control the external monitoring subsystem 10 to connect to other basic computer systems.

Many other signals that are related to the mode of operation of the basic central computer unit 17 and the output-input Operation of the peripheral facilities 18 related are of course not to be taken from the memory transmission channel 21. These signals are awakened for purposes by means of the usual high-resistance signal taps 32 and 33 tapped, as is only shown schematically in FIG. 1, the high-resistance taps 32 and 33 with the corresponding wire connections in

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the basic central computer unit 17 or in the
Control devices which are connected to the peripheral devices 18 of the basic syste. the
Taps 32 and 33 are essentially passive
Components with sufficiently high impedance that one
They have negligible electrical power and are connected by coaxial lines to the external monitoring subsystem 10 to carry the signals along the data transmission paths 34 and 36.

The selection of the signals that occur in connection with the external monitoring subsystem IO is carried out by a circuit structure which, of course, is largely determined by the system structure of the basic computer and by the properties of the particular monitoring tests that are to be run.
In the present preferred embodiment
owns the external monitoring subsystem 10
for example the possibility of 84 signals from the standard lines and 48 signals from the taps. The signals actually required by the external monitoring subsystem 10 are selected from a relatively large number of signals from the basic computer system 12, thereby avoiding the disadvantage of taps on the
Having to rewire the basic computer system if
different or different signals are required.

The signals from the basic computer system 12 are the
Monitor connection 23 is supplied via the data transmission paths 31, 3 ^ and 35 and they are processed by signal conditioning and by logic circuits for the signal circuit in the monitor connection 23. The logic circuits for the signal

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conditioning contain standard logic elements, for example AND, OR ₁ NAND and NOR elements, inverters, counters, dividers and differentiators, which are connected to each other in the appropriate manner in order to condition the unprocessed, incoming signals and convert them into one for the next Processing to bring suitable form. Conditioning can also consist of combining various incoming signals into a single signal. The signal circuit linking elements perform the function of selecting the signals from the incoming signals which are required for certain tests in the external monitoring subsystem 10.

The property of the monitor connection 23 can be changed quickly by means of control signals, the control signals being supplied via the signal transmission path 2.k in order to change the selection and the conditioning of the monitoring-controlled signals. These control signals are supplied by the basic central processing unit 17, which is designed in such a way that it acts as a “mother” or “host” for the external monitoring subsystem 10. It is clear that in the event that the basic computer system acts as the "mother", the execution s functions are only necessary for the monitoring process, and therefore a load is created on the basic computer system 12, the monitoring-controlled data in one can interfere to a certain extent. This disturbance or "artificially occurring properties" (known to those skilled in the art by the term "Ai'tifact") is reduced in the external monitoring subsystem 10 of the present invention in that

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the monitoring is carried out discontinuously during the periods in which the basic computer system 12 Performs "mother" computer functions.

The control signals which are fed to the monitor connection 23 are generated by control programs kk for external monitoring which run in the basic central processing unit 17. These control programs kk cause the basic central processing unit 17 to transmit control signals to the monitor connection 23 via the direct input / output connection 22 of the computer and via the control transmission path 2k. The direct input-output port 22 is a standard feature on many computers. This makes it possible to read the program directly into or directly from a unit determined by a pre-arranged address code, without using the input-output channels and multiplexing equipment normally used to make peripheral devices To address institutions. The connection 22 for the basic computer, which is monitoring-controlled in the present preferred embodiment, is also described in detail in the cited publication No. 9oo 973 ι published by the Xerox Corporation). It will be understood that the invention is not limited to utilizing the direct input / output capabilities of the computer as opposed to a conventional input / output caxial which is normally used to provide access to peripheral devices because of the system architecture of the Basic computer system 12 may also require a different choice.

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The direct input-output connection 22 is also used by the basic central processing unit 17 to the identifying »data of the running programs a signal transmission SΛϊ "eg 29 your monitor connection 23 to transfer. The basic computer system programs 36 (see FIG. 1) are modified to include a To carry out a "direct write" operation over transmission path 49 to the external supervisory subsystem 10; Whenever a certain state or certain state changes in the programs (the Software) occurs. These identification data can either identify a user who is associated with a currently running program is connected to the basic computer system 12, or these identification data can identify a function in which a particular input-output device must be used, or other conditions related to the software can be identified in the host system will. The external monitoring subsystem 10 can be configured with software that is compatible with this system is accessible, can be programmed so that the subsystem 10 operates in a particular manner Can direct part of the software status, for example to the programs of a specific computer user, which is located at an outdoor station.

In Figure 2 the data closure is in the external supervisory subsystem 10 shown. The subsystem consists of the following basic elements: the monitor connection 23 » a monitor register 60, an additional register referred to herein as "A" register 61, one Switching matrix 62, an associative memory 63 with an input register 64, an output register 66,

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a buffer memory 67, which also has an input register 68 and an output register 69, one Adder 70, a timer register 71, a timer buffer register 72, an input-output control circuit 73, a control field 7 ^, an associative Processor instruction memory and control part 75 »withn further, denoted associative processor, and a buffer processor instruction memory and control section 76, im hereinafter referred to as the buffer processor.

In the monitor connection 23 the selected monitoring-controlled Signals broken down in a predetermined ratio, usually into one signal each for each command that is in the supervision-controlled Basic central unit 17 is executed and transferred to the monitor register 60 «What happens afterwards, is made by the associative processor 75 and the buffer processor 76, each of these central processing units being essentially an independent computer that works under the control of its own command program. The associative central unit 75 controls the movement of data from monitor register 60 to associative memory input register 64 and can be programmed in such a way that the monitoring-controlled signals are compared with other signal patterns, which are stored in the associative memory 73, and that the operation of the buffer central unit 76 is triggered when certain preselected conditions occur, for example when a coordinated group of signals in the associative memory. The buffer central processing unit 76 is usually programmed to the accumulated data in the buffer memory 67 in the form of counters and Form time data as a function of the changes in the incoming signals. The timer 71

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and the adder 70 enable a variety of Processing carried out by the buffer central unit 76 exercised on the accumulated data.

The structure of the external monitoring subsystem is closely related to the associative memory 63. The associative memory 63 in the present preferred embodiment comprises 64 words of 32 bits each and is more likely to be content-addressable than by the spatial position of the words, i.e. an input word with 32 bits can be used simultaneously with each Word in the associative memory are compared, and a match word or words are defined. The buffer memory 67, in the present preferred embodiment, is 64 words of 64 each Bits is used to store data in the form of counter and time data associated with the corresponding Associative memory words related to store. For example, the associative memory 63 to include a list of operation command codes corresponding to the possible Corresponding to the instruction set which can be executed by the basic central processing unit 17 (FIG. 1). Everyone executed The computer command could then be compared to the record and the counters in the buffer memory 67 are kept stored in order to monitor the frequency of use of each operation command code. The operations related to the associative memory 63 are performed by the associative central processing unit 75 under the influence of a stored error program controlled, and those associated with the buffer memory 67 Operations are performed by the buffer central processing unit 76 and the separately stored error program controlled.

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The programs for the associative central unit 75 and for the buffer central unit 76 are from the Basic central processing unit 17 (FIG. 1) via direct output / input port 22 (FIG. 1) and via the data transmission path 28 supplied. In the same way, the associative memory 63 and the buffer memory can be used 67 can be pre-stored with data. The associative memory xind the buffer memory 63 and 67, respectively can be set at the end of a group time interval that is defined by the user ΐΛ (Fig. 1) of the supervisory system can be read out or "unloaded" from the basic central unit 17 (FIG. 1). Various other control functions, for example, turning on and off the external monitoring subsystem 10 (Fig. 1) performed. It can be seen from Figure 2 that there are two in the external monitoring subsystem Main data transfer paths are there. The selected and conditioned ones run along the first main path Signals from the monitor port 23 to the monitor register 60 then via data path 771 to the A register 6l via data path 78, then to switching matrix 62 via path 79 »then to input register 64 and to the mask register 65 via * the data paths 8l and finally to the associative memory 63 via the data paths 82. This main data transmission path, and the associated operations in the associative memory 63 are handled by the associative central unit 75 controlled by the program stored there and the main data transmission path is parallel Data transfer, each data flow line in Figure 2 representing an 8-bit byte of data. At-

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for example, the part of the main data flow from monitor register 60 to Α register 61 is through six data flow lines 78, which is a 48-bit parallel transmission of data.

The other main data transmission path is determined by a network of single-byte transmission paths, the data from selected fields of the associative memory output register 66, the buffer memory output register 69 «of the timer buffer register 72, as well as the contents of an 8-bit" constant "register 83 1 that forms a unit with the Α register 6l and to hold a programmed constant in order to store this data via the adder 70 atis selected fields of the associative memory input register and the buffer memory input register 68. These data transfers together with the corresponding operations in the buffer memory 67 are all carried out by the buffer central processing unit 76 with the program stored there controlled.

The monitor port 73 has six data paths 77 monitor register 60, which is a forty-eight bit latching register conventional design, and is used to receive the monitoring-controlled signals from the basic computer system 12 (Fig. 1) after the signals in the monitor port 23 are selected and conditioned have been. The contents of the monitor register 60 can be controlled by the associative central unit 75 are supplied to the A register 6l via the data paths 78. The Α register 6l has a fifty-six-bit storage capacity, 48 bits are padded from monitor register 60 and 8 bits as constant register 83 used to hold a constant as part of the stored program for the associative

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Central unit 75 is coded, and this constant becomes the constant register under control from the associative central processing unit via data path 84 83 supplied.

The associative central processing unit 75, by means of the program stored in it, optionally passes data from the A register 61 to the associative memory input register 64, a thirty-two-digit register being used to hold the data in order to write them in, or with the associative memory words to compare. Up to four of the seven bytes of the A register 71 can optionally be fed to the four bytes of the associative memory input register 64 by the optional switching of the switching matrix 62, which are in Pig. 2 is only shown schematically, corresponding to the coded instructions in the stored program for the associative central unit 75.In addition, the mask register 65t, which also has 32 bits, can be used to select fields of the associative memory words, also under control of the program stored in the associative central unit to be ignored while the compare and write operations in the associative memory 63 are performed. The mask register 65 therefore enables operations to be compared which check only specified fields of the associative memory words, and the mask register 65 enables less than an entire word to be written in a predetermined field. For example, it may happen that the associative memory 63 is used as 128 half-word segments, the mask register 65 enabling operations to be compared and written to the segments instead of the words.

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The associative memory output register 66, that too 32 bits can contain as content a selected associative memory word that is read has been, again by controlling the associative central processing unit 75 and the stored therein Program.

The associative memory 64t is content-addressed of conventional ones Composed of memory elements, each memory element being built up by four words is, two bits long. The memory elements used in the present preferred embodiment are described in detail in the manufacturer's publication, namely in Applications Memo, S / N 8220 and S / N 8222, "Content Addressable Memory Element V Memo No. Io3, Signetics Corp. Sunnyvale, California. The associative memory 63 contains 256 such Elements composed as 64 words of 32 bits each.

Mainly, the following three operations are carried out in the associative memory 63: compare, write and read out. For an ⁿ compare "operation, the contents of the associative memory input register 64 are compared with each word of the associative memory 63. Each of the 64 words has a signal line (not shown) which compares the word and the input register 64 in the comparison operations and which is also used to select an Ubrt for the write or read operations. In the case of a comparison operation, the signal designations of the comparison words are fed via a path 85 to a group of pre-logic elements, the comparison bits and word selection logic elements

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contain. The comparison bits, or the comparison indicators, are set in accordance with the result of the comparison operation while the word selection circuit selects a word to be read out from the associative memory 63 or multiple words to be written into the associative memory. In ^ ig. 2, the selection is indicated schematically by the signal transmission paths 87. In a "write" operation, the contents of the associative memory input register 64 are stored in each selected word of the associative memory 63, and in a "read out" operation the first of the selected memory words is read out into the associative memory output register 66. With these three basic operations, ie with the comparison, the writing and the reading out, the associative memory 63 can be checked for the fields which are compared with the signal patterns of the monitoring-controlled signals, and the comparison -% - locations can be read out, modified or with new ones Data will be overwritten.

The mask register 65 can be used for the Modify the effects of the compare and write operations. For a masked comparison operation the fields "covered" by mask register 65 are skipped; i.e. the mask register contents are both with the contents of the associative memory input register 64 and with the word contents of the associative memory subjected to a logical OND operation before the comparison operation is carried out. In a masked write operation, only these bits of the selected memory word or the selected

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Memory words that correspond to the "1" bits in mask register 65 are touched by the operation to enable writing to selected fields of the associative memory words.

If a single comparison word has been found as a result of a comparison operation, a corresponding one will be found Comparison indicator is set and is indicated schematically in the drawing, as indicated by the reference number is used to operate the addressing circuit (not shown) for the buffer memory 67. Therefore, if the nth word of the associative memory 63 indicates a match, so will the nth word of the buffer memory 67 for the subsequent operations of the buffer central processing unit 76 selected. When the comparison operation multiple match indication i results from the associative memory 63, a comparison interrupter circuit, which forms a unit with the circuit 86 for the comparison bits and the word selection, used to select from the 64 comparison displays, some or all of which may be set, the Select the setting indicator with the highest priority, whereby the priority is determined by the corresponding word position is determined in the associative memory 63.

It should be noted that the associative central processing unit 75, by controlling the stored program , can initiate the operation of the buffer central processing unit 76 to modify the contents of a corresponding word of the buffer memory 67 after a comparison operation has been carried out in the associative memory 63 and after a comparison has been made.

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word has been selected. The buffer central processing unit 76 can be programmed in that the selected word is read out from the buffer memory 67 to the buffer memory output register 69 in order to obtain the data from the source fields, which from the buffer memory output register 69 j from the associative memory output register 66, from the time clock Buffer register 72, from constant register 631 and the address of the selected memory word to selected destination fields of the associative memory input register 6k and the buffer memory input register 68, and to write the contents of the buffer memory input register 68 into the selected word of the buffer memory 67.

Each data transfer carried out by the buffer central unit 76 takes place via a single-byte data transfer path (with eight bits), so that for data transfers of more than one byte, for example the data transfer from the buffer memory output register 69 is carried out in such a way that that the bytes are transmitted one after the other, and each byte data stream is first transmitted to the adder stage 70 which is controlled by the central buffer unit 76. The data from the associative memory output register 66 can be transferred via the data transfer paths 91 and 92 shown in FIG. 2, the data from the buffer memory output register 69 via the data path 92, the address information from the word selection circuit 86 via the data paths 93 and 92, and the data from constant register 83 via data paths S ¹ I and 95. In addition, the clock buffer register 72, which can be programmed in such a way that it stores the current contents of the clock memory

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gisters 71 with 32 bits is supplied as a further source for supplying data along the transmission paths 97 and 95 to the adder 70. The adder 70 is controllable by the buffer central processing unit in order to carry out functions such as increasing the contents of an incoming data stream in order to add data from the timer buffer 72 or from the constant register 73 to data which is sent from the buffer memory output register 69 or from the associative memory. Output register 66 come, or \ im to select the higher or lower of two incoming data fields. An output path 98 from the adder 70 may lead to the buffer memory input register 68 or the associative memory input register 7k , again under control of the buffer central unit 76 and the program stored therein.

Much of these data movements performed by the buffer central processing unit 76 are relative simple type, for example transferring the contents of the buffer memory output register 69 into buffer memory input register 68 and incrementing by one, as in a normal counter operation. The existence of further registers for use as data sources and as data transfer points, however, as previously described, the buffer central processing unit 76 to program in such a way as to provide multiple options carry out further data processing functions

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The associative central unit 63 mainly controls the flow of data through the program stored in it from the monitor register 60 to the A register 6l, from a programmed constant to constant register 83 and from Α register 61 to associative memory input register 64, but also the write, compare, read and mask operations in the Associative memory 63. The buffer central processing unit 76 controls the flow of data to and from the buffer memory 67 » and the connection of output registers 66 and 69 to input registers 64 and 68 via the single-byte data paths via the adder 70.

As already described above in connection with FIG. 1, the monitor connection Data is supplied from the basic computer system 12 via standard lines 31 and via taps 32 and 33. The monitor connection 23 also receives signals for the identification of the software programs via the Signal transmission path 49 through the direct input-output connection 22 of the basic computer system. An important, if not unknown, part of the external monitoring subsystem 10 is the input-output control circuitry 73 (Fig. 2), whose function is that of the direct input-output -Port 22 (Fig. 1) to process incoming control signals, and accordingly data from to take up the connection, or to hand over to the connection.

The basic central unit 17 (Fig. 1) can communicate with the external monitoring sub-system 10 for four different purposes, namely ^to control the associative central unit 75,

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to check the power status of the associative central processing unit 75, for control signals to or from the To transmit monitor connection 23, and to data or Command programs to or from the four monitor memories to be carried over. As in Fig. 2 for carrying out the latter Function shown exceeds the input-output control circuit 73 Command programs of the associative central unit 75 and the buffer central unit 7'6 via a control field 99 and along the data path The same Dat entire ge that in Fig. 2 for reasons of Omitted for clarity, data is transferred to the associative memory 63 and to the buffer memory 67 »also via the control field 99 ·

The control panel 99 comprises a number of switches and indicator buttons (not shown) and can be brought into the "automatic" state in which the control panel is ineffective and all operations of the external monitoring subsystem 10 (FIG. 1) via the inputs Output control circuit 73 (Fig.2) is controlled by the basic central unit 17 (Fig. 1). If the control field 99 is not in the "automatic" state, it is in the ^{"manual" state 11} , and all external monitoring operations can only be controlled from the control field itself.

With regard to FIG. 1, it should be emphasized again that the data stored in the monitor memory 26 in the external monitoring basic database l6 via the. Data transmission path 46 can be transmitted with control from the control programs 44 for external monitoring. The data are usually stored in the buffer memory 67 (FIG. 2) for a certain period of time, for example for one minute; then the

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the entire content of the buffer memory to the external basic monitoring database l6 transferred. Depending on how the user wants it, the buffer memory either actuated again or not, and the data storage will continue for a further storage period continued. The basic data base 16 obtained in this way can be used later by means of conventional Procedures are processed to provide appropriate statistical summaries of the signal changes over the period of the monitoring test.

In summary, the external monitoring subsystem 10 (FIG. 1) comprises the associative central processing unit (FIG. 2) and the buffer central processing unit 76 (FIG. 2), and both units are variable or programmable central processing units, with the possibility of changes in one selected signal group from the host computer system 12 (Fig. 1), and to store data in the buffer memory 67 (Fig. 2) in response to these changes. The control programs kk for external monitoring (FIG. 1) periodically record the data stored in the external monitoring basic data set l6 (FIG. 1) and control the operations of the external monitoring subsystem 10 (FIG. 1) in general.

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Internal monitoring

In a present preferred embodiment of the invention, the base computer system 12 (FIG. 1) is a "Sigma 7" model manufactured by Xerox Data Systems, Inc., El Segundo, California, and the base computer system programs 36 (FIG 1) are known under the designation universal subscriber computer system (Universal Time-Sharing System), with the abbreviation UTS. The internal monitoring subsystem 11, which comprises the data collection subroutines 37, the data distribution subroutines 3O _1, the tables for the accumulated data 39 and the control programs 43 for the internal monitoring, is in the present preferred embodiment a standard program package which as "Universal Time-Sharing System Performance Monitor" with the abbreviation UTSPM is known. Both the UTS and the UTSPM be vorkauft by Xerox Corp., El Segundo, California and in the publications "Xerox U _n d. _Versa i Time-Sharing System, Sigma 6/7/9 computer, System Management Reference Manual ¹ , Publication No. 901 67 ^ C, and "UTS Time-Sharing Reference Manual," Publication No. 900 907 D published by the manufacturing company.

The data collection subroutines for the internal process 37 access the basic computer system programs from various points 36 a. In contrast to the external monitoring subsystem 10, which is practical the external monitoring-controlled signals are continuously monitored by the internal monitoring subsystem 11 only called when certain events

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occur in the basic computer system system era 12.

Examples of such operations in which the internal monitoring subsystem 11 is invoked are Start and end of inbound or outbound transmissions, the end of a period assigned to a program and a change in the operating state of the basic central processing unit 17-The last example mentioned, which shows the change in the The operating status of the basic central unit, is to be described below as an example of the events and conditions that are internally can be monitored.

The basic central processing unit of basic computer system 12 that is used by the preferred embodiment of the invention is monitored, works either in "main" mode ("master" mode), ie in a preferred mode State usually associated with the use of certain parts of the basic computer system programs 36 (Fig. 1) is reserved, or in "secondary" operation ("slave" mode), in a state that is, at the choice of the existing commands of the basic central unit and the possibilities of memory access are restricted, and this state is usually used by programs of ordinary computing system users is needed. In addition, the basic central processing unit 17 can be in a "recording" mode ("mapped" mode) run, so in an operating mode in which the system programs 36 memory space for to allocate a program in the spatial memory blocks that are not adjacent to each other, the program will but treated as if it were stored in a contiguous, continuous block, the basic central processing unit 17 automatically

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the "apparent" addresses to which in the program Be referred to in the actual spatial Addresses.

In a present preferred embodiment of the invention, some of the collected relate and stored statistics on the operating states of the basic central processing unit 17r, i.e. it is stored whether the basic central unit is in "main" or "secondary" mode and whether it is in "recording" or is running in "no recording" mode. Furthermore can these operating states according to the different broader categories of activity the basic central processing unit are further subdivided, for example for the execution of the computer-dependent user programs for processing of user requests to perform certain operations or for "idle" operation, if no program execution is to be carried out.

It goes without saying that many other system properties monitored by the internal monitoring subsystem. These properties can be general either in usage characteristics, i.e. in characteristics that relate to the demand or the load in the basic computer system 12 or divided into process features relating to the speed and effectiveness with which the system operates on the The stress to which it is subjected.

Examples of the usage characteristics are the sequence number the user of the system, the "user intensity", as the time of the basic central processing unit that is consumed by all compute-dependent users divided by the time that

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use the compute-dependent users to
to think and write the messages in the front-door station, the percentage of tasks started by the users that could not be completed within a single period of time allotted for the continuous execution of this task or program, the frequency and the duration of the operation of the basic central processing unit by the converter program, for example FORTRAIT, and the storage needs of the user's work.

Examples of the runtime properties are the use of the basic central processing unit, as before
described, the "execution time multiplication factor", which is the ratio of the time it takes to run a "bundle of arithmetic" program (ie
a program requires more than one basic time unit for the expiration time) at the time it would take to execute the same program if it were running alone in the basic computer system 12, the response time, ie the time it takes for the basic computer system to start to perform a particular task after receiving a corresponding instruction from the user, and the number of input-output operations per minute that are performed for various reasons.

It is clear that the internal monitoring sub-system 11, in contrast to the external monitoring sub-system 10 itself a load on the basic computer system 12 represents, since the subsystem 11 for the data storage 37 and the distribution subroutines 38 »as well as for

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-T-

the data tables 39 require storage space and computing time of the basic computer system in order to carry out their functions. The inevitable disturbance of the surveillance-controlled data that these in, the subsystem 11 are kept small by the fact that the data storage and divider subprograins are "event driven", i.e. they are only used when necessary.

In the internal monitoring subsystem 11 used in connection with the present preferred embodiment, devices (not shown) are furthermore provided for outputting groups of monitoring statistics on a computer-dependent output device. The possibility that is given by the control programs k3 for internal monitoring, namely to generate the basic database 15 for the subsequent processing, is also advantageous. The basic database 15 contains a copy of the stored data table 391 which are recorded at the end of the selected pattern interval.

The subsequent processing of the basic data set 15 normally includes the creation of a so-called ¹¹ snapshot "(" snapshot ") amount of data, each recording only containing data from your sample interval between two recordings of the basic data, and then the snapshot data amount is corresponding to the change in User intensity, number of users, or some other property, the reordered snapshot data set can then be appropriately reordered

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used to represent any pattern that is under to remove any extreme user conditions.

Joint internal and external monitoring

From Fig. 1 it can be seen that the control programs 43 for the internal monitoring and the control programs for the external monitoring schematically in a single one Unit are shown together. The combination is made by modifying the standard control program 43 for internal monitoring so that user 14 can choose whether the external monitoring subsystem 10 run in parallel or synchronously with the internal monitoring subsystem 11 target.

The combination can be used, for example, to analyze the use of the basic central processing unit to confirm, this analysis being carried out by the internal monitoring subsystem 11 is by increasing the accuracy of the external monitoring subsystem 10 is used to perform the same analysis as the internal subsystem, and over the same monitoring period. In general the combination gives the user more content-rich results than the externally tapped Data can be filtered to eliminate monitoring periods that have been tapped at times than the operation or loading of the host computer system 12 from one or the other Basically, how this is indicated by the internally tapped data was extreme. Another example, using this combination of monitoring is

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the plague of the measure with which the operation of the basic central throat unit 17 differs from the operation of the various input-output devices superimposed will. The external monitoring subsystem can simply carry out the necessary detailed plague positions, but the results have little meaning without a parallel record of the more general events that dated internal monitoring sub-system tapped can.

The representations in FIGS. 3 a and 3 b can be seen that these figures together form a flow chart for the operations of the control programs 43 and 44 for the internal ^^ nd external überwactaing set on are most closely related to the method of the present invention.

The sequence of work steps begins at the entry point (Fig. 3a). It should be noted that the entry point is only started after an interaction between user 14 (FIG. 1) and the basic computer system programs 36 (FIG. 1). In other words, it is assumed that the user has first received access to the control programs 43 for internal monitoring (FIG. 1). The first step, indicated by 111, is to receive a command from the user. In this step, as in other steps, the precise nature of the traffic between the user and the supervisory control programs has been omitted. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that tests for sensitivity λχώΑ must be performed for the correctness of user responses and that appropriate error messages are transmitted to the user

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must if this is necessary »

In decision block 112, the user's response is decoded and one of several alternatives Wegen is switched on depending on what the command looked like from the user. Just four orders are shown that are of importance in the present invention, but it is clear that others Commands are in place for the user to perform various other functions, for example to output the internally tapped statistics on a computer-controlled output unit. The four commands shown are ADD, DROP, REGISTER H and END designated.

When the ADD command is given, a sweep is taken over the connection point A 2 and the next step 113 is to get a list of data words to add to those which are to be output on a computer-controlled output unit. The computer-controlled Indicator of the standard version of the internal monitoring subsystem. make it possible Users to select statistic groups to be shown by code name in a digital display or on ' to be displayed on a digital screen. For example, a display group leads the basic central processing unit to the fact that a total of the time usage of the basic central processing unit is displayed or is output as previously described in connection with the internal monitoring subsystem became. The ADD command has been modified here to allow the user to choose

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to choose the synchronized external supervision by enrolling either ADAM or ADAIlI. at In the next step, represented by decision block IIA, a query is made, to see if the user entered END. When it does, the connection will be made A 1 returned to input 110. If this is not the case, another query is carried out, as illustrated by decision block 115 to determine if the user is ADAMI enrolled has, and if this is not the case, another query is carried out, which is carried out by Decision block 116 is shown to determine if the user wrote ADAI-I.

In principle, the user has two options when choosing ■, such as an overcrowding test, in which synchronized external monitoring is used. The command ADAMI indicates that the The user wishes that the memories 63 and 67 (Fig. 2) of the external monitoring subsystem can be operated again after the contents of the buffer memory 67 (Fig. 2) into the external monitoring database l6 (Fig. 1) at the end of each monitoring interval has been recorded. However, if the user chooses the ADAM command, the synchronized external monitoring will continue to run, but monitor memories 63 and 67 (Fig. 2) will be not actuated again between the monitoring intervals. If neither ADAMI nor ADAM as Command are selected, the command must be one of the data words used by the standard internal monitoring subsystem can be processed, and

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the next step is to set appropriate print flags, such as with the reference number 117 is specified, according to the command, and then return to entry point 110 via connection A 1.

If the command is ADAMI, the monitor initialization flag will be set, as indicated in the final diagram with the reference symbol Ii8, while In the event that the command is ADAM, this step is bypassed and the next step is a Set monitor flag (see reference number 119) · Next, at 121, the rank of User is queried and a suitable function is provided for access to the external monitoring Un'ter system 10 (Fig. 1) if the user does not have the rank that gives him access . Then, (compare 121) a connection with the external monitoring subsystem 10 is established (Fig. 1) to ensure that the user has the exclusive use of this sub-system Has.

At the next step, represented by decision block 123, an inquiry is made to determine whether the external monitoring subsystem is working. If the answer is yes, your user will receive an error 124 and the progress of the The final diagram returns via the pre-binding A 1 the entry point 110 back. If the external monitor is actually working as it should, so the next step 125 is, by the user

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-'49 -

to obtain the name of a program to be run in the external monitoring subsystem 10 (FIG. 1). Then at 126 the said program is searched for and taken out of a collection of these programs. Together with the program, the monitor connection 23 (FIG. 1) which is to be used with the program is determined, since the monitor connection in the present preferred embodiment of the invention has a spatially exchangeable switch panel. Next, at 127, the monitor port 23 (FIG. 1) is suitably switched in accordance with the requirements of the program to be run in the external monitoring sub-system 10 (FIG. 1). This process is, this is repeated again from FIG. 1, accompanied by control signals which are transmitted to the monitor connection 23 (FIG. 1) via the control transmission path 2k (FIG. 1). Finally, at 128, all of the external supervisory subsystem memories are filled. This includes instruction programs for the associative central processing unit 75 (FIG. 2-) and the buffer central processing unit 76 (FIG. 2) as well as initial values of the associative memory 63 (FIG. 2) and the buffer memory 67 (FIG. 2). After the memory of the external monitoring subsystem has been filled, the sequence is returned to the entry point 110 via the connection A1.

If the command is DROP up from the user, a flow chart wog over connection B3 hit in Fig. 3 b and at 129 is from Users receive a list of data words that are tapped from the computer-controlled display of the

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Statistics should be dropped. As in the case of the ADD failure, the DROP command is has been modified, xin the use of the words ADAM and ADAMI in the list of data words to be dropped to enable. An inquiry is made at decision block 131 to see if the data word to be dropped ADAM, or in the decision block 132 see if it is the word ADAMI. If the answer is positive in either case, will an inquiry is then made in decision block 133 to see if the monitor flag is set. If the monitor flag is set, the external monitoring subsystem 10 (Fig. 1) paused and released from control of user 33 ^, but if the monitor flag is not is set, this last step is skipped, since the visitor as a data word to be dropped is either ADAM or ADAMI has written without first having written it down as a data word, to be added. The last step in dropping one of the data words ADAM or ADAMI is that 135 is the monitor identifier and that Monitor initialization flag is reset, and then the path of the flow chart to Entry point 110 via connection A1 (Fig. 3a) returned.

If the command from the user is END, a Route via the connection A 3 (Fig. 3a) taken and first a query is carried out to determine whether the monitor flag is set, as indicated by decision block 136. The user specifies the END command when he relies on the control of the external monitoring sub-

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System 10 (FIG. 1) waives WiIl ₅ and if he does not want the subsystem 10 to be controlled by the user, while in the event that the monitor flag is not set, the last step is bypassed. Finally, at 138, any open datasets used in connection with the user operations are closed and the program then includes an exit at 139.

The remaining command to be written is the REGISTER Η command. If this command is present, a path is taken over connection B 1 in FIG. 3 b and the next step at 14l is to receive a name for the internal monitoring basic data set 15 (FIG. 1) from the user. Then at 142 the user is asked to indicate the monitoring intervals to be used in the monitoring test and at 1 ^ 3 the total number of samples to be run in the test. As the next step at ikk, the data are transferred from the stored data tables 39 (FIG. 1) to an output buffer area in order to subsequently write them into the internal monitoring basic data item 15 (Pig. I).

The monitor flag is then queried in decision block 1 ^ 5 to determine whether external monitoring should be carried out. If the answer is in the affirmative, the external monitoring subsystem 10 (FIG. 1) is stopped as shown at Ik6 . During the first pass through this program step, the external monitoring subsystem 10 (FIG. 1) is stopped. Next, at 1Ί7, the memory of the external monitoring subsystem, in particular the buffer memory 67 (Fig. 2)

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or its content is transferred to the basic computer system 12 (FIG. 1) and the monitor initialization identifier is queried in decision block l48. When set the monitor initializing Kennzeichcn, the associative memory 63 (Fig. 2) and the buffer memory 67 ^(FIG. 2), as shown at 1 ^Ζ 19, replenished when the monitor Initialisierkennzeichen is not set, this latter step is bypassed. After the associative memory 63 (Fig. 2) and the buffer memory 67 (Fig. 2) have been read out in step 1 ^ 7, the external monitoring subsystem 10 (Fig. 1) is started again at 151, and via connection B 2 a continuation is made to start Uta with writing the basic data set.

If the monitor flag interrogated in decision block I45 is not set, that is, if external monitoring has not been selected, the steps of stopping the monitor subsystem 146, reading the buffer memory 1 ^ 7 and the possible Refilling of the memories of the external monitoring inter-system Iky is bypassed, and the sequence is passed to a next step via the connection D 2, which is to be described below.

The next step is decision block 152 . Queries whether this is the first recording in the Basic data stock is to be recorded. If the answer is in the affirmative, a message will be sent to the user to inform them that that the process has begun, as shown at 153, while if this is not the first Recording is, this last step is bypassed.

409850/0851.

The internal monitoring basic data set 15 (FIG. 1) is then opened and, if necessary, placed in such a way that the next record is entered at 15 ^ 1. In the next step 155, the next basic data record is overwritten from the output buffer area into the internal monitoring basic data record 15 (FIG. 1). Thereafter, at decision block 136, the monitor flag is queried again to determine whether the external check has been performed. If the answer is in the affirmative, a record is made at 157 in the external monitoring base 16 (FIG. 1). If, on the other hand, the monitor indicator is not set, this last step is bypassed. A query is then made at 158 as to whether all samples have been taken for the process. If the answer is negative, the activity of the control programs is suspended for the duration of a sample interval, as shown in 159, whereby the internal as well as the external monitoring can be continued for the sample interval. At E _nc i _e of the sample interval the flow continues at the step where the stored data in HRH. are transferred to the output buffer and when external monitoring is to be performed, the external monitoring subsystem 10 (Fig. 1) is stopped, the buffer memory 67 (Fig. 1) is read out, and the memories of the external monitoring subsystem are, if so is required, replenished and the monitor is operated again, as indicated by the sections lkS up. 151 is shown.

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If all monitoring samples in the monitoring test have been carried out, this is indicated by a positive Response to the query in decision block 158 is presented to the user which at 161 indicates the end of the sequence, the various databases that! driving of,. Expires have been opened closed, and via the pre-binding A 1, the program is returned to the entry point 110 in FIG. 3 a, to receive another user command to be able to, which is usually the END command d.

From the foregoing description it can be seen that new and improved monitoring systems for the Computing system sequence according to the present invention is an extremely adaptable and effective one Creates means for the process analysis of complex computer systems and therefore the need that has existed for a long time satisfied for such a possibility. In particular, the invention provides a method and means to run a computer system through synchronized external and internal facilities to be monitored empirically, with that of external monitoring. Accuracy and the details combined with the possibilities of the statistics that the internal monitoring with their offers broader and more general properties. This connection of synchronized external and Prior to this invention, internal monitoring was the user of monitoring systems for computer operations inaccessible; this combination of external and internal monitoring can be used for the

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Use with different primary or main computers can be adapted in a suitable manner.

It is of course possible to make various changes to undertake without thereby departing from the scope and concept of the invention, although previously only a particular embodiment of the invention shown and described in detail became. Accordingly, the invention is not limited to this embodiment.

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Claims (1)

Claims ■ 1. Monitoring system for the operation of a computer, characterized by an internal • monitoring device (11) for storing Data relating to the states and conditions of a computer system (12) that are being monitored should, refer, by external monitoring devices (10), which are connected to the computer system (12) in Are connected to store data relating to the signal changes that occurred above Computer system (12) are transmitted by recording devices (13) for recording of data received from the internal transfer facility (11) and the external monitoring device (10) were stored, and devices ^ around the Operation of the internal monitoring device (11), the external monitoring device (10), and to synchronize the recording device (13). 2. Monitoring system according to claim 1, characterized in that the internal Monitoring device (11) a storage device located within the computer system (12) and data collection and data distribution devices (37 »38) within the computer system (12) has to data relating to changes in the states and conditions of the computer system (12) refer to, collect and distribute this data to the storage devices. 409850/0851 3 · Monitoring system according to at least one of the claims 1 and 2, characterized in that the data collection and data distribution deviceeii (371 38) are programmable. 4. Monitoring system according to at least one of the claims 1 to 3> characterized in that the external monitoring device (10) has electrical conductors ( 3 ^ι ί , 35) for transmitting a number of signals from the computer system (12) to be monitored, and tapping devices (32, 33) to to connect the electrical conductors (34, 35) to the computer system (12). 5. Monitoring system according to at least one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that that the external Uberwachereinriclitung (10) has a monitor connection (23) to the signals from the Re bucket sys te ta (12) and around a select the required signal group for external monitoring. 6-. Monitoring system according to at least one of the claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the external monitoring device (10) has a associative monitor (25) for determining changes in the selected signal group, and a monitor memory (26) to save the data relating to the changes to the selected data group relate. 409850/0851 7. Monitoring system according to at least one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that that electrical devices for transmitting identification signals from the computer system (12) to external monitoring device (10) are available. 8, monitoring device according to at least one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the identification signals indicate a state of the Sysoemprogranrae in the computer system (12). 9. Monitoring system according to at least one of the claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the external monitoring device (H) together is present with the computer system (12) as a structural unit. 10 · Monitoring system according to at least one of claims 1 to 9 »characterized by a first recording device for recording data, which were determined by the internal monitoring device (11), by a second recording device, in order to record the data, which were obtained by the external monitoring device (10 ) have been determined, and means for synchronizing the operation of the internal monitoring means (11), the external monitoring means (12) and the first and second recording means. 409850/0851 242A598 11. Device for monitoring the operation of a computer system., Characterized by a set of system programs (11) which form a unit with the computer system (12) in order to Store data relating to events and conditions in the computer system (12), by assemblies that are outside the computer system (12) and are pre-linked to it, to store data that revolves around signal changes that come from the computer system (12) and through coordination devices to the mode of operation of the set of system programs (11) and the assemblies (10) Λγ-ahlweise to coordinate. 12. Device for monitoring the operation of a computer system according to claim 11, characterized by a second set of system programs ( hj> ) to control the operation of the first set of drive programs (11), and by a third set of system programs ( kk ), to control the operation of the assemblies (10), the third set of system programs ( ¹ Ik ) with the second set of system programs (43) for the optional coordination of the operation of the • v first set of operating programs (11) and is in communication with the assemblies (10). 13 · Device for monitoring the operating properties of a computer system according to at least one of claims 11 and 12, characterized by electrical conductors (3 ^ ₅ 35) which represent a number of signal transmission paths from the monitored computer (12), through a monitor connection 409850/0851 circuit (23) for receiving the signals and selecting a required signal group for the external monitoring, "through an associative Monitor (25) ι to determine the changes in the selected signal group through a monitor memory (26) to save data relating to the changes to the selected signal group refer, by a first control device for controlling the operation in the monitor connection '(23), the associative monitor (25) and the Monitor memory (26), by data collection devices (37) within the monitored computer system (12) to store data relating to the use and operation of the computer system (12) refer, through storage devices within the computer system (12) to store data, collected from the data storage means (37) by a first recording means zvim Record data stored in the Monitor memories (26) are stored, at predetermined intervals, by second recording means to convert the data stored in the internal storage device (39) into the same predetermined intervals to be recorded by second control means (44) for controlling the first recording device (26), wherein the second control device (44) with the first Control device (43) is connected to a synchronous operation of the first recording device and the second recording means. 409850/0851 lh. Device for monitoring the operating properties of a computer system according to at least one of Claims 11 to 13, characterized by a monitor connection (23) for receiving the signals and for selecting and combining a required signal group for external monitoring by means of a content-addressed memory. for comparing the signal pattern with the previously stored signal pattern, through an additional memory to store the data relating to the changes in the selected signal group, through a register (60) connected to the monitor connection (23) , the Associative memory and the additional memory is connected to buffer the signals and data, by a first central unit to control the flow of data from the monitor connection (23) to the content-addressed memory and to control the operation of the content-addressed memory, by a second central unit to control the Data storage execution in the additional memory, by an instruction memory for storing instruction programs for the first and second central processing units, by a first recording means for recording data collected in the additional memory, at preselected intervals, by a first control means for controlling the Operation of the monitor connection (23) "of the first and second central unit (751 76)" for controlling the reading and reading out of data in the content-addressed memory and the additional memory and from these memories, and for controlling the first recording device by controllable data collecting devices within the computer system (12), by a computer memory for storing data that are generated within the computer system (12) 409850/0851 were averaged by a programmable data distribution device within the computer system (12) for distributing the data to the computer memory. 15 Process for monitoring computer operation, characterized by the following process steps: external determination of a signal group from a computer system (12), internal determination of a Group of states and conditions of the computer system (12), the preliminary steps for internal and external determination is carried out over * continuous time intervals, and a periodic recording of data obtained from the internal and external investigation process steps can be obtained. 16 · Method according to claim 15, characterized that the process step of the external Identifying the comparison of the signal group with other signals included in a content-addressed Memory are stored. 17 · method according to at least one of claims 15 and l6, characterized in that the process step of the external determination is storing of ^ aten, relating to the changes in the signal group relate, includes. l8. Method according to at least one of claims I5 to 17, characterized in that the process step of external determination includes recording and monitoring of identification signals from the Rochnor system (12) includes, wherein the identification signals at least one Display the status of the computer system usage. 409850/0851 19 · "Method according to at least one of claims 15 to 18, characterized by a control of the Procedure step of the external determination by means of a stored command program. 20 * · method according to at least one of claims 15 to 19 » • characterized in that the procedural step of the internal investigation is the following procedure steps comprises: collecting data that is the changes in the monitored states and conditions and storing the data in a predetermined manner in a data table (39) within of the computer system (12). 21. Ancestors according to at least one of claims 15 to 20, thereby geken nz e i c h η e t that the Process step for internal determination by command programs which are located within the computer system (12) is carried out. 22. The method according to at least one of claims 15 to 21, characterized in that the Step of the external determination, the following steps comprises: comparing the signal group with other signals contained in a content-addressed Memory and save the data related to the changes in the signal group. 23. Method according to at least one; of claims 15 to 22, characterized by the following process steps: external determination of a group of electrical signals from the computer system (12) for changes to determine the signals, storage of data relating to the changes detected, in a first memory device, internal determination of a number of states and conditions of the Reeimer- A09850 / 0851 - 6t * - systems (12), the internal and the external determination being carried out over the same time intervals storing data related to changes in states and conditions that occur internally have been determined, refer, in a second storage device, periodic recording of Data stored in the first storage device and simultaneous recording of data, which are stored in the second memory device, the method step for periodic Recording in parallel basic amounts of data, generated that internally and externally determined and the facility manages to accommodate the changes in the determined Signals that the. View computer operations, with changes in the states and conditions in To set relationships that indicate the computer use and the computer load. 2h. " Method according to at least one of Claims 15 to 23 »characterized in that the computer operation is monitored simultaneously with an external monitor and an internal monitor, the following process steps being carried out: Presetting the external monitor, vim a desired signal group from the computer which is monitoring should be selected; Storage of a command group and initialization of data tables in the external monitor; Running the external monitor; Determination of changes in the desired data group with the external monitor! Driving the course of a preselected sample interval; Storage of the data in the data tables of the external monitor during the test interval; Identify changes 409850/0851 a number of states and conditions of the computer, which indicate the computer usage and the computer load, during the same sampling interval; Storage of data related to changes in states and get conditions during the same sample interval in the internal file tables; Switch off of the external monitor at the end of the robeninterval; Record the data stored in the data tables of the external monitor and in the internal data tables in the corresponding basic data quantities are; Termination of another investigation when all desired samples have been determined; and repetition a sequence of steps that begins with the step where the external monitor is put into operation, namely when further samples are to be taken. 4098 5 0/0851