DE2414833C3 - Device for the automatic speed-dependent generation of a trigger signal in the case of a rotating shaft, in particular for controlling the pre-ignition angle in an internal combustion engine - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to a device for automatic speed-dependent generation of a trigger signal for a rotating shaft, in particular for Control of the pre-ignition angle in a B; ermkxr ·! '. Machine, with a feeler that responds to markings on the shaft, with one on the shaft marked reference angle sector, which comprises the entire adjustment range of the trigger signal angle, and a circuit that depends on the speed the shaft calculates a signal corresponding to an auxiliary angle, which is the greater. ie smaller the speed

of the shaft, and with a comparator, which is the instantaneous value of the shaft angle within the Comparing the reference angle sector corresponding signal with the signal corresponding to the auxiliary angle and at Equality of the two signals causes the generation of the trigger signal.

In internal combustion engines there is a rotation-dependent pre-ignition of the combustion mixture, i. H. one Ignition before top dead center of the piston in the cylinder to achieve complete combustion. To control the Voründwinkcls it is known (US-PS 33 14 407), pulses from the rotating shaft derive, the frequency of which is proportional to the speed of the shaft. The impulses control a sawtooth generator, whose peak sawtooth voltage is dependent on the time that an angular segment of the shaft required to pass the pulse generator or its sensor. That is the peak sawtooth voltage so inversely proportional to the wave speed. This value is amplified in a "whose Gain factor is less than 1, attenuated and fed to a comparator. The comparator compares this voltage value, which corresponds to a period of time corresponding to the auxiliary angle, with the Instantaneous value of the sawtooth generator and triggers the ignition if the voltage is equal. The sawtooth generator thus determines the time that elapses between two pulses from the pulse generator.

Furthermore, an ignition device is known (DE-OS 21 30 812). in the case of a pulse generator continuously Pulses are delivered. The pulse train is divided into pulse trains, the duration of which has a reference angle (maximum pre-ignition angle). The positive pulse trains are added in a mixer with negative pulses, which are generated by a pulse generator in the time that corresponds to the auxiliary angle is equivalent to. The length of time in which the pulse generator emits pulses should be set manually. By the addition of the negative impulses to the positive impulses of the impulse train results in a pulse train which begins at the time of pre-ignition and extends up to

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Piston and thus corresponds to a pre-ignition of 0 °. This facility works under processing of Analog signals, with pulses over a period of time that r> is specified externally, suppressed or compensated. The ignition takes place throughout Duration of the pulse train, which reduces the loading time of the bobbin, especially in the case of large advance movements decreased. This has an effect at high speeds, ίο because the charging time of an ignition coil can be so short be that the coil does not contain the full energy. The facility also requires exact synchronism the input pulses of the mixer. Even with slight time differences, ίί arises at the exit output of the mixer generates a pulse sequence that can generate the ignition pulse at the wrong time.

According to an older, not previously published proposal (DE-PS 24 09 070) is on the shaft Gear attached to a sensor Impulse r.o generated. The frequency of these impulses is proportional to the speed of the Weiie.

The object of the invention is to design a device of the type mentioned at the beginning in such a way that it can only operate in the! M ⁿ u! ^c betric ^ >> πΛ purely niimonc ^ ii ..- works, so that the usual arithmetic elements can be used, and thereby a high level of operational reliability and accuracy and a low susceptibility to failure is achieved.

To solve this problem, according to the invention it is provided that the circuit for calculating the signal corresponding to the auxiliary angle has a first counter includes, with one input directly and with another input via a frequency divider with one a constant number of pulses per unit of time supplying clock pulse qucllc is connected. Each counting time from the S.g'ial generated by the probe is controlled and at the output of which a memory is connected to determine the dem A second signal corresponding to the instantaneous value of the shaft angle, also from the signal of the Sensor-controlled counter is connected to the clock pulse qucllc, and that in the comparator of the first counter transferred into the memory digital value of the auxiliary angle of the previous shaft rotation hung corresponding signal with the digital value contained in the second counter of the instantaneous value of the shaft angle of the instantaneous wheel rotation corresponding signal is compared.

The first counter is once directly from the clock pulse source, which supplies a fixed pulse clock and on the other hand, pulses are supplied via a frequency divider for as long as the reference angle sector requires, to pass the feeler. This creates a numeric value that represents the speed of rotation of the shaft is proportional, but which is a certain percentage lower than the number of pulses that while the reference angle sector is passing the sensor at the relevant shaft speed is produced. The count of the first counter is stored in the memory and for the next one Shaft revolution is evaluated by determining the point in time at which the counter reading of the second counter to which the pulses generated by the pulse source are also fed directly to the im Memory stored value reached - If the counter reading of the second counter is the same as the content of the memory, the release signal is generated

The device works exclusively through impulse

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Counters, memories and comparators, the usual digital components can be used. The circuit is therefore easy to implement with commercially available building blocks. It has a low susceptibility to failure and works with purely numerical data comparison. The frequency of the pulses to be processed is independent constant on the speed and only the duration of the accumulation of these impulses varies as a function on the shaft speed.

The device according to the invention, which is primarily used to control the pre-ignition angle in an internal combustion engine can also be used in other applications to achieve an angle-dependent make periodic control of a wave. For example, the facility can also be used for Determination of the injection point in injection engines or to control the recirculation of the Use exhaust gases. Another area of application is the electronic current reversal in electric motors. The device for controlling the ignition point of thyristors can be used here.

The percentage by which the first counter was added supplied 'mpüiszah! by subtracting the before. to the Frequency divider coming pulses is lowered, can be very easily changed by changing the divider ratio of the frequency divider. The divider ratio

can be set depending on the roller number so that there is a rotation-dependent ignition shift curve in the form of a polygon receives. This allows the pre-ignition angle in each Set the speed range to the best possible combustion in order to keep the exhaust gas pollution as low as possible / u hold-. Both G '.' Radenabschnittc with a positive slope and sold, "with a negative Realize the slope. Leave for each section of the cierade the intersection of the ordinates and the slope individually set arbitrarily.

The invention is explained in more detail below with reference to the figures in two examples explained it shows

Fig. Ί one with the device according to the invention realizable ignition curve in which the pre-ignition angle θ in Angular degrees plotted as a function of the speed Λ / is,

F i g. 2 schematically shows a front view of a marking disc on a crankshaft and the associated sensor,

F i g. 3 at the output of the sensor in FIG. 2 received signals and the current in the primary circuit of the connected ignition coil.

Fig. 4 shows the representation of the pre-ignition on the basis of the signal derived from the sensor above the sensor signal of the next following shaft rotation.

F i g. 5 shows the signal profile for an ignition curve segment with a constant ordinate value,

Fig b shows a block diagram of the device,

F i g. 7 the signal profile for an ignition curve segment with a negative ordinate intersection,

F i g. 8 shows the signal profile for an ignition curve segment with a positive slope and a positive ordinate intersection in the origin,

F i g. 9 shows the signal profile for an ignition curve segment with a positive slope and a negative ordinate intersection.

F i g. 10 shows the signal profile for an ignition curve segment with a negative slope and a positive intersection of the ordinates.

r i g. 11 aas diagram of a frequency divider connected to the pulse source,

FIG. 12 shows the signal profile at the various points of the frequency divider according to FIG. 11,

13 is a synoptic block diagram of the device.

F i g. 14 schematically the speed discriminator,

FIG. 15 schematically shows one connected to the discriminator of FIG Fig. 14 connected signal generator,

16 shows three duration decoders for generating Signals of a predetermined duration,

F i g. 17 the second counter of the facility,

18 shows those at various points on the second counter and the frequency divider connected to it removable waveforms,

19 shows the circuit diagram of the frequency divider,

F i g. 20 a circuit which, using the output signals of the frequency divider, the count signal for generates the first counter,

21 shows the circuit of the positive counting part of the distributor at the first counter,

F i g. 22 the circuit of the negative counting part belonging to the first counter,

F i g. 23 the maneuvering capsule of the unierdruckversiellers and its contacts in perspective,

F i g. 24 shows the device of FIG. 23 schematically in side view.

Fig. 25 shows the circuit of the first counter.

F'i g. 26 the locking circuit for storing the Default values of the first counter.

F i g. 27 the circuit of the comparator of the den Comparison of the output values of the second counter with those of the blocking circuit according to FIG. 26 makes.

F i g. 28 is a circuit diagram of the primary body of an ignition coil.

F i g. 29 the circuit symbol for an AND gate.

Fig. 30 the circuit symbol for an OR gate.

F ^; i g. 31 the circuit symbol for a NAND for.

F i g. 32 the circuit symbol for a NOR gate,

F i g. Si the circuit symbol for an amplifier,

F i g. 34 the circuit symbol for an inverter.

Fig. 35 shows a group of three with the first variant the invention realizable different ignition curves; iU function Hör Aiispanossianalp uon '/ u / pinnnL-t-Küh-

CJ-- Ό - -σ .- .. —.._-, - -.

learn that on the position of the throttle of the engine on the one hand and the temperature of the engine on the other.

F i g. 36 the circuit of the positive counting part of the distributor, which is the first counter of the device for Realization of the in F i g. 35 is one of the curves shown.

37 shows the circuit of the negative counting part of the distributor, which is the second counter of the device for Realization of the in F i g. 35 shown curves and

F i g. 38 the circuit of a sensor for the acceleration or deceleration of the motor rotation, which as Two-point outside sensor can be used for the first variant of the invention.

The following are used to identify the electronic components used the expressions AND gate or OR gate or N AN D gate (»and not «) or NOR gate (» or not «) used. For these components, the in the F i g. 29, 30, 3t or 32 shown symbols are used. Amplifier-type components are shown in FIG. 33 and an inverter is shown in FIG. 34 pictured.

In Fig. 1, the pre-ignition angle is shown as a function of the idle speed. The starting point is with 1 and the deceleration point is denoted by 2. Above of the deceleration point, a distinction is made between three speed zones, which are defined by intermediate points 3 and 4 are separated from each other. The pre-ignition curve is divided into four straight segments 5, 6, 7 and 8. That Segment 5 corresponds to the delay, i.e. H. an operation with a decreasing speed of the motor. The .Curve has a negative slope and a positive ordinate passage in this area. The segment 6 has a positive slope and a negative ordinate passage. Segment 7 has a positive Slope and a positive ordinate passage, and the segment 8 forms a step with a constant Ordinate value. The in F i g. 1 curve corresponds to that of one taken as an example Centrifugal adjuster. It is clear that everyone else is too Adjustment curves of centrifugal adjusters by approximation with a polygon using similar elements to the curve in FIG. 1 can be reproduced. Each segment corresponds a speed range of the engine. The present example can easily be applied to other pre-ignition curves can be extended, with any curve progression being achievable. how to adjust the vacuum adjustment of the centrifugal

position according to the curve of FIG. I superimposed. The device has a contactless sensor 9 arranged opposite a marking disk 10. The marking disk 10 can be attached to a crankshaft, for example. At its edge there is an indentation II in a zone of the reference angle sector φ . The rear edge 12 of the indentation 11 corresponds to the top dead center of the pistons of the engine to which the marking disk 10 is assigned. The sensor 9 supplies a speed signal which is represented by line 13 in FIG. As the indentation 11 passes in front of the sensor 9, the sensor delivers a signal 14, the leading edge 15 of which corresponds to the passage of the edge 12 on the sensor 9. Line 16 of FIG. 3 represents the supply current of the primary circuit of the ignition coil of the engine. The ignition corresponds to the moment at which the current in the primary circuit Mnlprhmchpn ".'ifd U h diiß ^ ^Λ Γ ^{K <l} " i "il ύϋ? Y \ 1" ύ \ ϊ "™ 2ΓΪ of the leading edge 17 takes place, which This passage corresponds to zone 18 of line 16. Between two successive zones 18 there is a zone 19 in which the current does not flow in the primary circuit of the coil. The length of a zone 18 corresponds to the flow time of the current / "" And the length of zone 19 corresponds to the passage time £ of the spark. The pre-ignition time is the period of time designated AV in Fig. 3, which separates the above-defined edges 15 and 17. The pre-ignition time AV must be variable as a function of the operating conditions of the engine It corresponds to the passage of a part with the central angle θ on the sensor 9. It is clear that the angle φ is chosen such that it is greater than the maximum pre-ignition angle Θ, which is the ordinate intersection (origin) θο of segment 8 of the course ve the F i g. 1 corresponds. In the special case one will choose φ = 50 °. If P denotes the duration of the signal 14, expressed in seconds, and / V denotes the number of revolutions per minute corresponding to the rotation of the marking disc 10, the following two relationships are obtained:

P = ψ / bNunaAV ■ = QIbN.

The device causes the time span A Kund and the corresponding angle θ as a function of the rotational speed N to have those values which correspond to the curve of FIG. 1 correspond. To achieve this, the respective engine speed is determined and then the corresponding segment is 5,6,7 or

8 set.

The functional principle of the device is shown in FIG. In this figure you can see that the feeler

9 outputs speed-dependent signals according to line 20. Signals 14 are shown in solid lines, it should be noted that they are periodic, which is indicated by the remainder of the curve in line 20 being shown in dotted lines. Simultaneously with the signal 14, as will be explained, the device generates a signal 21, the duration of which corresponds to the desired pre-ignition time AV. The time period R, which exists between the leading edge of the signal 21 and the leading edge of the signal 14, is determined and accordingly, as shown by line 22, a Signa! 23 generated, which simultaneously with the subsequent Signa! 14 begins and has a duration equal to R. If one designates the leading edge of this sign = us 23 with 24, the period of time between the edge 24 and the edge 15, which limits the signal 14, the leading edge of which is synchronized with that of the signal 23, is equal to the pre-ignition time AV, if one of it it is assumed that only slight changes in the engine speed take place between the two successive signals 14. The ignition can therefore be triggered with the flank 24 of the signal 23 and the conditions given by the curve in FIG. 1 are thus taken into account. This operating mode means that a value for the pre-ignition time is used or evaluated for a cycle which corresponds to the speed in the previous cycle. It is easy to see that this mode of operation, even for piston engines which are subjected to modes of operation with the most abrupt transitions, causes an error which is negligibly small compared to the tolerance normally to be taken into account when realizing a pre-ignition.

It is advisable to use a Si "na! To cr; 'e ;:" cn de, ","" duration is equal to the pre-ignition time AV , which one strives for taking into account the engine speed. The various cases shown in the curve of F i g. 1 offer are checked below.

First, the implementation of a pre-ignition is checked according to a curve corresponding to segment 8. The ordinate intersection or origin of segment 8 is designated with θο. One can define a number η such that θο = ςρ / η. Fig. 5 shows schematically the various pulse trains that arise in the meantime in order to finally obtain the desired result. Line 25 denotes the signal 14 at the sensor 9. During the entire signal 14, the second counter 26, which is also referred to as the “main counter”, is switched on. This counter counts the pulses supplied to it by a pulse source H. The counter 26 is controlled via an AND gate 27 which is controlled on the one hand by the pulse source H and on the other hand by the sensor 9. The signal at the output of the counter 26 corresponds to the line 28 in FIG. 5. The signal amplitude increases steadily during the time in which the signal 14 is present, and takes a value «Pan in the Mc Tient of the passage of the leading edge 15. which is proportional to the duration P of the signal 14. The circuit 27 also feeds the first counter 29, which is driven in parallel by the output of the circuit 27 and the output of a frequency divider 30. The first counter 29 supplies a signal represented by line 31 in FIG. 5 at its output. The first counter 29, on the one hand, counts positively in the same way as the counter 26, which delivers a counting result OiP at the end of the signal 14, and, on the other hand, simultaneously counts down the pulses supplied to it by the frequency divider 30 (negative counting). When receiving the pulses of N pulses emitted by the pulse source H with the frequency F , the frequency divider 30 allows only a single one to pass through to its output, A / being a number which can be selected at will in advance. The result of the countdown process reached at the end of signal 14 finally has the value ixP / n. It follows from this that the total value <xP (\ - \ ln) m obtained at the output of the first counter 29. This value is stored in a memory 32 and compared with the result at the output of the counter 26 during the duration of the next signal 14. This comparison is shown in FIG. 5 symbolized by the arrow f. It is carried out with a comparator 33 which compares the output signals of the memory 32 and the second counter 26. When the signals

Il

are the same at both outputs was: the point 34 of line 28 in FIG. 5, the comparator η generates a signal at its output which is a signal shown in FIG. 5, the signal 36 represented by the line 35, the beginning of which is synchronized with the beginning of the signal 14, interrupts. It can be seen that the time between the point 34 and the end of the corresponding signal 14 is equal to P / n and that consequently the leading edge of the signal 36 can be used to trigger the ignition, ie to open the primary circuit of the ignition coil.

Triggering the ignition as a function of the negative pressure causes the ignition angle to be set independently of the engine speed. Accordingly, one has to add an adjustment which corresponds to a step reduction in a speed range and which can therefore be obtained in the manner described above in order to influence the ignition release as a function of vuiii iJiiii_Tuiui; l>. If one applies the special case of realizing such an ignition advance, in which the curve indicating the adjustment angle θ as a function of the rotational speed N of the engine is a straight line segment with the positive slope k and with a positive ordinate passage, one sees that B = kN = 6AV χ Λ / is. It follows that AV has a constant value A _n . Accordingly, it is sufficient if the schematically shown in FIG. 6 used device to let the counter 26 count with the frequency of the PulsqL ^ lle H during the entire duration of the signal 14, the counter 29 to block during the time A ₀ from the beginning of each signal 14, then the counter 29 with the Frequency of the pulse source // to count up, to store the counting result of the counter 29 in the memory 32 and in the comparator 33 during the following signal 14 to compare the value of the output signal from the counter 26 with the value stored in the memory 32, the Comparator emits the trigger signal for the ignition when equality of its two input signals is reached. F i g. 7 shows in line 37 the signal 14 and its top dead center

Output signal of counter 26, in line 39 the output signal of counter 29, and the arrow / 1 symbolizes the comparison carried out on the comparator 33. Line 40 schematically represents this Output signal 41 of the comparator 33, the leading edge of which causes the ignition to be triggered.

The following now deals with the triggering of the ignition in a zone in which the curve in FIG. 1 is a straight line segment with a positive slope A and a positive ordinate passage ό . In the implementation to be carried out, two simple cases that have already been considered must be superimposed. From the in F i g. 6 can be seen. that the counter 26 counts during the total duration of the signal Ί4 in the rhythm of the pulse source //. The counter 29 counts during the entire duration of the signal 14 in the rhythm supplied by the frequency divider 30, the frequency F / n of the pulses supplied by the frequency divider being determined by the value π = φ / δ . After a time Ao = k / 6 has been counted starting from the beginning of the signal 14, the counter 29 is allowed to count positively in the rhythm of the pulse source //. The total value of the signal obtained at the output of the counter 29 is entered into the memory 32 where it is stored. The comparator 33 then effects the comparison between the output signals of the main counter 26 and the memory 32 during the following signal 14. At the moment when these two signals are equal, the comparator delivers a signal edge which triggers the ignition. F i g. 8 shows with line 42 the signal 14 generated by the sensor 9, with LHe 43 the signal generated at the output of the counter 26 and with line 44 the signal generated at the output of the counter 29. This signal is shown in solid lines, but the resulting value for the area following the initial period of duration A _{0 is} the sum of a positive count in the rhythm of the pulse source // and a negative count in the rhythm supplied by the frequency divider 30 two simultaneous counts are shown in dashed lines. The arrow h symbolizes the comparison carried out on the comparator 33. The line 45 represents the output signal of the comparator 33, the leading edge 46 of which causes the ignition to be triggered.

jetii is the fail beiracriiei in which the ignition release according to FIG. 1 corresponds to a straight line segment with a positive slope k and a negative ordinate passage ό. This case is represented by segment 6. On the basis of what has been said above, it is clear that it is sufficient to determine the counting sense of the angle A. which corresponds to the passage through the ordinal, compared to the example in FIG. 8 to invert. In Fig. 9, line 47 denotes signal 14 and its leading edge 15 generated by sensor 9, line 48 denotes the output signal of counter 26, line 49 denotes the output signal of counter 29 and line 50 denotes the output signal of comparator 33. Counter 29 counts positive in the rhythm F / n, which is generated by the frequency divider 30, during the time Ao. calculated from the beginning of the signal 14. Ai is equal to A / 6. η is equal to φ / δ and the frequency F is generated by the pulse source H. After the time Ao , the counter 29 continues to count positively in the rhythm F / n and counts; on the other hand, positive in rhythm F. The comparison carried out in the comparator 33 is shown in FIG. 9 symbolized by the arrow h.

Finally, the case is dealt with that the

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type F ₁

σ 1 *> ι η ρ m

with the negative slope k and the positive ordinate passage O ₁ . This case corresponds to segment 5. The various in FIG. Signals corresponding to elements shown in ^FIG . 6 are in this case in r i g. 10 pictured. In this figure, line 51 denotes signal 14 and its leading edge 15 generated by sensor 9. Line 52 denotes the output signal of counter 26. Line 53 denotes the output signal of counter 29 and line 54 is the output signal of comparator 33. The signal of the line 52 is identical to that of the lines 28, 3 £, 43 and 48. The Signa! the lime 53 corresponds; a positive count of the counter 29 in the rhythm of the in ~ ipui> queiie // expressed during a line (p - IA 1 cj. ρ: si c; e duration of the signal 14 in seconds and A 'is & c slope of the segment 5: n the units of the ordinate and the abscissa which have previously been chosen for the curve : Fig. 1. Simultaneously during the entire duration P of the signal 14, a positive counting takes place in rhythm

which can be .ibgenornmer: at the output of the frequency divider 30, where n = a ^ - . The two themselves

adding positive counts are shown in dashed lines in the drawing. The one from the comparator 33 The comparison carried out is symbolized by the arrow / *. At the moment when the values of the two input signals of the comparator 33 are equal, an edge 55 arises at the output signal of the comparator, which causes the ignition to be triggered.

All implementation options for segments 5, 6, 7 and 8 of the curve in FIG. 1 has been described. However, it is clear that the same Reaiisierungsprinzip with a straight line segment with negative slope and negative ordinate passage can be used, or for a straight line segment, that intersects the ordinance at the zero point. However, this type of ignition curve can also be applied to very simple Ar *, can be generated by adding a constant time span (in analogy with the arrow in FIG. 7) and a constant angle (in analogy with the arrow in FIG. 5) inserts.

The counter 29 forms the algebraic sum of the positive or negative counted pulses. To make this possible, several clock signal generators of the same frequency must be used, the signals of which are shifted from one another. Starting from a classic pulse source 56 which generates pulses with a frequency Fi = 1 MHz, an F: frequency divider is used. which is designated as 57 in its entirety. The frequency divider scheme is shown in FIG. The frequency divider 57 consists of two flip-flops 58, 59 of the "JK" type. These two tilting stages are connected to one another as shown. The exits /. K. CP, Q and Q have the standardized designations given by the manufacturers. The outputs Q and Q of the flip-flops 58 and 59, like the output of the pulse source 56, are connected to three NAND gates 60, 61, 62. The outputs of these three gates form three synchronous clock sources, the signals of which are each shifted by a third of a period. The period is three times the period of the pulse source 56. In FIG. 12, the line 63 shows the pulse train generated by the pulse source 56. The lines 64 and 65 each designate the output signals at the outputs C of the flip-flops 58 and 59, the lines 66, 67, 68 each designate the output signals of the gates 60, 61 and 62. It can be seen that the gates 60, 61 and 62 three Deliver clock signals with the same frequencies that are shifted from one another by a third of the period.

The device according to the invention is shown schematically in FIG Fig. 13 shown. In this picture are the ones before using the simplified scheme of FIG. 6 illustrated assemblies, but contains the Drawing additional assemblies, which are explained in detail below. As already noticed the one in Fig.! The curve of the ignition timing shown shows the shape of individual straight line segments, which are lined up according to the speed zones. It is therefore useful as a function of the signals from the sensor 9 to determine in which zone of the curve of FIG. 1 you are currently by one determines the parameters of that straight line segment that is in the relevant speed zone forms the ignition advance curve. This task is performed by a speed discriminator 69.

The speed discriminator 69 is connected on the one hand to the output of the sensor 9, which gives it information on the rotational speed, and on the other hand with the outputs of the second counter 26 As will be explained in detail below, the counter 26 contains a group of binary counting stages at its output each of which is "weighted" according to a power of 2. The output of the second counter 26 gives, through the values of its various starting points, at every moment the time span in which which has elapsed since the leading edge of the signal emitted by the sensor 9 isL every output state of the counter 26 corresponds to a period of time and each period of time is a speed mark of the Adjustment curve assigned. It can be seen that in the curve of FIG. 1 the speeds that correspond to points 2, 3 and 4 must be used. Then the binary states must be determined on the main counter are the count of the counter 26 during the duration of the passage of the indentation 11 on the Sensor 9 for those corresponding to points 2, 3 and 4 Speeds correspond. This delcodiening the iirei mentioned time spans is carried out with gates that implement the functions NAND and NOR as well the function of the inverter.

The sixteen outputs of the main counter 26, which are marked with a, b, c, d ... m, η. ο, ρ each have a "weight" of 2 ^lf> , 2 ¹⁵ , ... 2 ', 2 °. 14 schematically shows the circuit which makes it possible, with the aid of the aforementioned gates, starting from the outputs of the main counter 26, three time periods PoB. PoA, PoR according to points 4, 3 and 2 of FIG. 1 and according to predetermined time periods of 2252 microseconds, 4504 microseconds and 8333 microseconds. These predetermined periods of time correspond to speeds of 3700 rpm, 1850 rpm, 1000 rpm, respectively. The signals / ⁷ M, PoB, PoR and their complements PoA, PoB and PoR are then fed to a latch circuit which is shown schematically in FIG Signal 14 on, a comparison is made between the position of the leading edge of these signals and the position of the leading edge of signal 14. In this way you can determine in which speed range you are in each case, and the circuit according to FIG. 15 generates four signals at the outputs 305, 306, 307 and 308, each of which is generated when in each case one of the segments 5, 6, 7 and 8 corresponding zone is worked. The circuit according to FIG. 15 contains four flip-flops "JK", which are designated by 70, 71, 72 and 73 and the flip-flops 58 and 59 are the same. In the drawing, the standardized designations for flip-flops are entered at the inputs. The inputs / are each controlled via NOR Tora 70a, 71a, 72a, 73a, which the output signals PoA, PoB, PoR of the in Fi g. 14 or the complements of said output signals. The inputs CP are connected to the sensor 9 and the inputs K are connected to the output of the NAND gates designated 70b, 7 \ b, 72b and 73b, respectively. The discriminator 69 generates a signal at one of its outputs 305, 306, 307, 308 which indicates in each case that the speed of rotation is in the zone corresponding to the segments 5, 6, 7 or 8.

It has already been pointed out that in order to realize some segments of the curve according to FIG. I during a time An - k / f> (k is the slope of the

relevant segment) either the positive or the negative count of the first counter 29 must be blocked. In one case, the blocking must be carried out during a time P-AO = RO , where P is the duration of the signal 14. It is now expedient to generate corresponding signals with these time periods. This is the purpose of the duration decoder 74 constructed as shown in FIG. The duration decoder 74 contains three modules, the inputs of which are connected to different counting stages of the output of the main counter 26. Retaining the designations a, b ... n, o, ρ for the outputs of the counter 26, as indicated above, are shown in FIG. 16 shows the circuits with which a signal edge is generated at the end of the times 370 microseconds, 630 microseconds and 3333 microseconds, each corresponding to the time RO corresponding to segment 5, the time AO corresponding to segment 6 and the time AO corresponding to segment 7 will.

It is clear that the speed discriminator 69 and signals generated by the duration decoder 74 are evaluated during the duration of a signal 14 Need to become. It follows that the outputs of these two elements can be zeroed at the same time must reset, in which the main counter 26 is reset to zero.

The main counter 26 corresponds to the circuit shown schematically in FIG. The input of the counter is controlled on the one hand by a clock signal 57 a generated by the clock frequency divider 57 and on the other hand by the output signal of the sensor 9. These two controls take place at a NAND gate 74. The main counter 26 counts the time units which it receives from the clock signal 57a according to a natural binary code. In the example described, the counter contains 16 bits, the outputs of which are marked with a, b ... m, η, ο. ρ are designated, as has already been explained above. Fig. 17 shows the structure of the circuit which constitutes the main counter. A trigger stage of the type "trigger stage D" is connected to each output of the counter. The signals obtained at the outputs of this counter are, for example, for the outputs ρ, ο and η through the lines 75, 76 and 77 of FIG. 18, in which the line 78 represents the signal train of the clock signal 57a. The main counter also has an input 79 at which a reset to zero is possible (see FIG. 13). This input is controlled by the complementary signal to the signal 14 of the sensor ', J, which is generated by the interposition of an Invt r> er 80.

It has already been pointed out that in the circuit according to FIG. 6 a frequency divider 30 must be provided. the. when it receives pulses of frequency F, pulses of frequency F / n outputs, where η equal to the ratio of two angle. The frequency divider 30 is connected to the outputs of the counter 26 and transforms the aforementioned output signals a. b ... ο, ρ in corresponding

Output signals a '. b 'o'. p '. the in F i g. 18 through the

Lines 82, 83, 84 are shown. These lines each form the transformed output signals /? ', O'. n ', which correspond to the output signals ρ, ο, η designated by 75, 76, 77. Each transformed output signal corresponds to a signal whose leading edge coincides with the leading edge of an initial signal and whose duration is equal to the period of the clock signal represented by line 78. 57.7 is During a given time, the output signal, which corresponds to the combination of the signal o ' and the clock signal according to line 78 in an AND gate, is a signal which extends over such a number of clock time units which is the same the number of clock time units of the same combination between the clock signal and the output signal p ' divided by two. In other words, if an output is transformed to the following, a division of the signal frequency by two can be obtained in this way by combination with the clock signal 57a. Lines 85 and 86 show the passage of the combination through a logical AND of the clock 57a and the output signal p ' (line 85) to the same combination of the clock signal and the output signal o' (line 86). 19 shows the circuit for the transformation of the output signals a, b, ... ο, ρ of the counter 26 into ignale a ", b ', ... o', p ', which can be used for the frequency divider. 20 shows a circuit for the processing of the transformed output signals a ', b', ..., o ', p' / n for performing a count at the frequency F, where η is equal to φ / is δ. In the described embodiment, it sets φ = 50 ° and 0 = 39.8 °. It can be seen that 0 ^ (1/2 + 1/4 + 1/32 + 1/64) The approximation obtained in this way is to 0.043 ° and proves to be perfectly adequate It is clear that the approximation is the better, the greater the number of outputs of the main counter 26. Accordingly, the outputs ρ ', ο', Γ and k 'are assigned to an OR gate 87, each corresponding to the Values correspond to 1 / 2,1 / 4,1 / 32 and 1/64, which are necessary to obtain ό . The output of the gate 87 controls an AND gate 88, to which the clock signal 57Z> is also present from one of the outputs of the clock frequency divider en will. The output of the gate 88 is connected to an input of an AND gate 89, at the other input of which the signal from the sensor 9 is present. The output of the gate 89 counts a number of pulses during the duration of the signal 14 in a rhythm F / n, where F is the frequency of the clock 57t and η is the sum of the expressions 2 '. The values of / correspond to various output signals a ', b'. ... o ', p'. queuing at gate 87.

The counter 26 included in the general scheme of Fig. 6 does the down counting and that Counting up with the same number of bits as the main counter. It has two different entrances, one for positive counting of pulses and the other for negative counting of pulses. He has a reset to zero and as many outputs as there are bits. This counter counts up and down using the same code as the main counter. For the counting functions in both directions are the three clock signals supplied by the clock signal frequency divider 57 which are the output signals 57a, 576 and 57c correspond, out of phase with one another. Each of these clock signals is for a different one Counting determined, because if time periods have to be counted at the same time, the three different ones Information correspond, it is clear that the clock pulses must be shifted against each other if no information is to be lost.

The positive or negative count of the counter 29 is controlled by a distributor 90, which to counting pulses either the one or the other F. input line of the counter 29 feeds. In one of the two parts of the manifold 90 shown in FIG. 21 is shown, the positive counters

91 generated pulses to be fed to the counter 29, while in a second part shown in FIG of the distributor 90, those signals are generated which are fed to the negative counting line 92 of the counter 29 will. The circuits shown in FIGS. 21 and 22 essentially consist of NAN D ports.

The gate 93 in FIG. 21 passes the duration signal (Ro) ₅ in the zone corresponding to segment 5. Likewise, the gate 94 lets the signal corresponding to the duration (Ao) ₆ through in the speed range corresponding to the segment 6. The gate 95 lets the signal (Ao) ₇ through in the zone corresponding to the segment 7, and the gate 96 finally corresponds to the zone of the segment 8. A positive count of the signals of the frequency divider 30 must be suppressed for the zones of the segments 5 and 6 . The gates 97 and 98 are, as already explained above, connected to the outputs of the divider 3: 0 and their outputs are combined in the gates 99 and 100 with the signals 305 and 306. The information that must be counted positively is output via the output 91, either with the frequency F of the clock 57a (which corresponds to the gate 101) or with the frequency F / n through the interposition of a frequency divider 30 (which corresponds to the gate 102). The frequency F is taken from the clock 576. According to the choice of the outputs of the divider, which is connected to the ports 97 and 98, one obtains, as already mentioned above, π different numbers for dividing the frequency of the clock 57 b.

In Fig. 22 the part of the distributor 90 corresponding to the negative number is shown. Referring to the foregoing, it will be seen that the negative count is always performed on the pulses received from the luiler 30. The negative count is carried out on the one hand in the zone corresponding to segment 7, which corresponds to gate 103, and on the other hand in the zone of segment 8, which corresponds to gate 104. The gates 103 and 104 are in the previously based on FIG. 20 connected to the divider 30, and the choice of the outputs of the divider connected to this torer determines the value of the coefficient n, which is decisive for the effect of the divider. The outputs of the gates 103 and 104 are connected to the inputs of the gate 105, the output of which is in turn connected to an input of the gate 106. The second input of this gate is connected to the clock 576. In this way, the coefficient n, which was output by the divider through the interposition of the gates 103 and 104, is brought to the frequency F emitted by the clock 57b , and the corresponding counting signals are retained by the gate 107 for the duration P of the signal 14 .

On the other hand, it has already been mentioned that one wants to install a vacuum adjustment, which is shown in the graphic in FIG. 1 corresponds to a step since it is independent of the engine speed. The negative pressure which controls the negative pressure adjustment is determined with a negative pressure pump 108 which contains a membrane 109. This pump is shown in FIGS. The membrane 109 is subject to the effect of the negative pressure and controls the movement of a rod 110 which displaces a sliding contact 111 which is displaceable on a track 112 containing a series of contacts 113. Depending on the position of the sliding contact 111 on the track 112, a more or less large number of contacts 113 can be used in an electrical circuit, which are divided into four tracks and can correspond to different values, according to the value that is required for a specific position of the Arm 110 wants to adjust the vacuum adjustment. The four outputs W ₁ X ₁ Y, Z of the four tracks of the track 112 are each provided with specific “weights” by connecting them to specific outputs of the frequency divider 30. This combination is implemented by the gates 114, 115, 116 and 117 (see FIG. 22) and this information group is combined by the gate 118 and, depending on the respective position of the rod 110, causes the clock frequency supplied by the clock 57c to be divided by the factor n . this division is made at the gate 119. the outputs of gates 106 and 119 are summarized in the gate 120, and this provides for the duration of the signal 14, the counter 29 intended for the negative count signals.

The detailed structure of the counter 29 is shown in FIG. The sixteen output flip-flops 121 are flip-flops of the “D” type, like those that were used to implement the counter 26. Fig. 25 shows the circuit diagram of the multivibrators and the other electronic components used in the circuit of the counter. The sixteen outputs Qi, Q ₂ , ... <? _{) 5} , Qi _{6 of} the counter 29 are connected to a memory 32 which, when the falling edge of the signal 14 passes, stores the state of the counter 29 and keeps this information stored until the next signal 14. The memory 32 consists of sixteen flip-flops of type D, which are designated by 22 in FIG. Each of the flip-flops is connected at its input D to one of the outputs Qu Qi,... Q \ t of the counter 29. The outputs of the memory 32 are labeled Q '\, Q' ₂ , ■. ■ Q '\ 6 denotes. The memory is reset to zero by a signal generated by an inverter 123. The signal 14 of the sensor 9 is present at the input of the inverter. The resetting of the counter 29 to zero is also carried out by the signal of the inverter 123, but with the interposition of a delay element 124.

The comparator 33 serves to compare the information stored in the memory 32 with the information generated by the main counter 26. The signal stored in the memory 32 represents the coding of a number of time units given by the clock signal 57a. These correspond to a duration which is sufficient for the transmission, starting from the rising edge of the following signal 14. In order to determine this period, calculated from the rising edge of the signal 14, enough skin ', to compare the output signal of the main counter 26 and the output signal of the memory 32, bit by bit, and a Signalände ^r ung from the time to make by detected signal equality will. The signal comparison is carried out with the diagram in FIG. 27 performed circuit shown. In this scheme are designated 32 corresponding inputs with the A outputs of the memory and with B those inputs which correspond to the outputs of the main counter 26th The indices added to these letters indicate the number of bits concerned in the memory or in the main counter. The specification Ä (or ^ denotes the complementary

tary value for signal A (or B). It can be seen that the in F i g. The circuit shown in FIG. 27 exclusively consists of gates with the functions NAND, NOR and "Inverter". The circuit consists of fifteen unit cells 125 which are identical to one another. This allows the bit number to be easily expanded to a number greater than sixteen. The output of the last cell 125 supplies a signal which generates an edge at the moment in which equality between the information stored in the memory 32 and the information contained in the counter 26 is established.

From the general scheme of FIG. 13 it can be seen that an additional element 126 is provided, for which the term combiner is used in the following. In the special case described of a device for triggering an ignition process in the cylinders of a piston engine, it is particularly interesting not only to fix the instant of ignition, ie the end of the current line in the primary circuit of the coil, but also the start of the current line in the primary circuit of the coil as a function of the speed of rotation of the motor. The time of the current conduction in the primary circuit of the coil must be dependent on the time available between two ignitions, and the time of the current conduction must be determined in such a way that the current consumption is minimal.

In Fig. 28, the schematic of the primary circuit is shown 127 of an ignition coil whose secondary circuit is designated by the reference numeral 128 in series with the Primäkreis is a resistor 129 and an additional resistor 130. By acting on the base of the transistor 131 can be the additional resistor 130 in series switch to coil 127 or not. If one acts in a corresponding sense on the base of transistor 132, then the cut-off operation of the current in the primary winding is ended. In particular, it is possible if one is on segment 5 of the curve according to FIG. 1 is to block the transistor 131 and to control the transistor 132 in such a way that the conduction state is only brief. If, on the other hand, you are on segment 6 or segment 7 of FIG. 1, transistor 131 must be kept off while transistor 132 is controlled to have a long conduction period ·; receives. During both cases mentioned, the additional resistor 130 is connected in series with the coil 127 in such a way that there is no risk of over-sensitivity for the transistor 132. For the corresponding zone in segment 8 of the curve according to FIG. 1, the transistor 131 is driven into saturation and the transistor 132 is driven in such a way that a long current conduction period results. In this way, a considerable ignition voltage is obtained even at high speeds. This effect on the duration of the power line is achieved with the combiner 126 by processing the output signal of the comparator 133 on the one hand and the signals generated by the sensor 9 and the speed discriminator 69 on the other hand.

It is clear that various auxiliary signals can be fed to the combiner 126 for control purposes, for example the signals from an electric petrol pump. The pump is supplied when the engine is running below a certain speed threshold and when the starter is at rest. The combiner 126 can also control the retraction of the automatic starter above a certain speed threshold. In addition, the combiner 126 can be used to control a throttle carburetor or to change the injection of fuel when the Moicr speed is above the throttle speed and the throttle valve is closed.

j InFi g. 35 three ignition curves are shown, which one can realize with the device according to the first variant of the invention. The curve 250 is identical with those in FIG. 1 is shown and must be used when the throttle valve of the

ίο The motor is in the open state. The curve 251 must can be used when the engine's gas opening flap is closed and the engine is cold. The curve 252, on the other hand, is used when the gas throttle valve the engine is closed and the engine is warm

1 ■> To get from one of the ignition advance curves in FIG. 35 to another ignition advance curve of FIG. 35, you can see two external two-point sensors one of which is the opening or closing position of the gas valve and the other is the temperature

: ii of the engine perceives a predetermined temperature threshold. These two-point sensors are of a known design and are therefore not explained in detail at this point. Curve 250 at the origin has the same ordinate value as the horizontal step of curve 25Z. Similarly, segment 255 of curve 150 has the same intersection with the ordinate as the horizontal step of curve 251. Finally

jo, the three curves 250, 251 and 252 in the segment 255 have a segment common to all stages. Under these simplified relationships, all parts of the above-described device which represent the FIG. 1 to 27 corresponds to the same, with the exception of the distributor shown in FIGS. 21 and 22, which is changed. The positive counting part of the distributor, which sets one of the three curves shown in FIG. 35 according to the signals from the external sensors, is shown in FIG. 36, while the negative counting part of the distributor is shown in FIG. 37 is shown.

1.1 F i g. 36 those elements of FIG. 21 which are also used in the second exemplary embodiment are given the same reference symbols. The gate 94 passes the signal corresponding to the time period (A ₀ ) t when one is in the segment 256 of the curve 250 of FIG. 35 corresponding speed zone is located. Let gate 95. the signal (Aq) ₇ through when one is in the speed zone corresponding to segment 257. The gate 96 corresponds to the zone of the stepped shoulder 58 and the gate 93a to the zone of the segment 255. A positive count emanating from the divider 30 can be suppressed atch in this example for the zones of the segments 255 and 256 . The gates 97 and 98 are, as also indicated in the description of the first exemplary embodiment, connected to the outputs of the divider 30. The output signal of the gate 97 is fed to a NAND gate 550 simultaneously with the clock signals 57 b and the speed signals generated by the sensor 9.

Likewise, the output signal of the gate 98 is combined in the NAND gate 551 with the speed ^: grial of the sensor 9 and the clock signal 59b . The output signals of the gates 93a and 550 are simultaneously with the signal at the output 305 of the

<i5 discriminator 69 fed to a NOR gate 552, while the output signals · of the gates 551 and 94 simultaneously with the clock signal 57a to a NOR gate 553 are fed. Tnre 95 and% steer respectively

the inputs of the gates 101 λ and 101 /; at the same time as the clock signal 57a. The output lines of the three gates 553, 10Ia and 10I / i are combined in the inputs of a NOR gate 554 / u. the output of which controls a NAND gate 555, which lets the signal of the gate 554 through in the event that the input 556 is activated. This inlet 556 is connected to the sensor that responds to the position of the gas throttle valve and is excited when the gas throttle valve is opened (.st. The output of gate 555 is connected to a NOK gate ¹ W, at whose L inlet also the When the gas throttle valve is open, the same signals can be obtained at the output of gate 557 as those obtained with the sound shown in Fig. 21, which corresponds to curve 250 in I'ι g. 3 ^r>. In contrast, when the (ias throttle is closed, the gate 555 is disabled and one obtains only the segment 255. which all three curves 250, 251, 252 is common. corresponding signals.

The output of the lores 101 h is connected to the input of a ΝΛΝ D-gate 558, the two outer inputs of which are each connected to the output of the gate 551 and to a control line 559, which comes from a sensor responsive to the engine temperature. Furthermore, a NAND gate 560 is connected to a line 561 fed by the aforementioned "temperature sensor. If the temperature of the motor is below a certain threshold value, line 561 is activated, and if this threshold value is exceeded, line 559 is activated while Leiiiing 561 is no longer activated. The / wide input of the gate 560 is connected to the output of the gate 550. Depending on whether the motor is warm or cold, either one of the gates 560 and 558 is blocked or the other. The outputs of these two gates are connected to the inputs of a fine NOR gate 562, the output of which controls one input of a NAND gate 563. while the other two inputs are each connected to the output 305 of the discriminator 69 and through a Sicuci! Fining 564 hui uciii lilt: Sicüung lici GaK-DiuKbci flap monitoring sensor is connected. When the gas throttle valve is closed, line 564 is activated ß gate 563 is blocked when the throttle valve is open. The gates 555 and 563, which are blocked alternately'-d depending on the position of the gas throttle valve, are connected with their outputs to an ^ OR gate 557, the output of which is the. Forms the output of the positive counting part of the distributor. When the throttle valve is closed. ■ τ temperature of the engine is obtained alternatively in dependence on '. to one of the gates 558 or 560 a signal. When the engine is cold. the gate 560 is conductive and the signals are obtained from the output of gate 550. This corresponds to the step of the curve 251. since the connection of the gate 97 with the frequency divider makes it possible to obtain an ordinate intersection of the segment 255, which is equal to the ordinate of the step of curve 251. If, on the other hand, the engine is cold, gate 558 is conductive and the output signal comes from gate 551, ie according to the implementation of the step offset from curve 250. which has the same intersection of ordinates

In Fig. 37 is the negative count part of this Variant of the invention corresponding distributor shown. The scheme is the same as the scheme of F i g. 22 of the first embodiment. Hence became for those components that perform the same function as in the scheme of FIG. 22 the same HeziiKS / ei serve elected.

The activation of the pressure adjustment ent speaks, as with the first version game was run, using Toi. ti 114 115, 116, 11 / and 118. where one exit of the to t- 11 « is connected to a NAND gate 119a. an d s ^ .- n In addition, a clock signal 57t and a speed value coming from the sensor 9 are connected lie. The other branch of that shown in FIG negative part corresponds to that for the zones of Segments 257 and 258 of curve 2.50 of Fig. J " derived census. The / one ties segments 257 corresponds to gates 401, 502 and 504. The /.one de "· Segment 258 corresponds to ports 402, 503 and 505 The sensor connected to the (ias throttle valve acts on the NAND gates 570 and 506. Gate 5 Often Wirtl controlled when the gas throttle valve is open is. and gate 570 wirtl controlled when the gas throttle valve closed is. If the gas throttle valve is open, signals are received at NOK gate 507 that the correspond to segments 257 and 258, and when the throttle is closed. gate 506 is locked so that only information that comes from gate 507 is passed through. Since the gate 120 is a NOR gate is, on the other hand, it is sic's possible. information to take effect, the tincr 1! nterdruckverstel ment.

It can be seen that signals from external sensors can act on the system at the level of the distributor or directly at the distributor. In the event that the various speed sources. belonging to the different ignition curves that can be obtained with the same device, are different, and in the event that the ordinate intersections of the segments of the different ignition curves are different, the information coming from the external sensors must amount to the speed discriminator 69 and / or the duration discriminator 74 intervene. In the special ran jcuucii icn.m it won out, uioc complementary information in the amount of the distributor 90 to act.

By applying a sensor to the system to detect an acceleration or deceleration of the engine rotation, one can create a curve for the spark advance in the event that the engine is accelerating and another curve for the spark advance in the event that the engine decelerates . It is sufficient to use an acceleration and deceleration sensor which supplies a signal when a boundary between an acceleration range and a deceleration range is exceeded. To deliver this Sienais eenüet it. to compare the duration of two successive speed signals, ie to compare the number of clock signals that were counted during the duration F of two successive speed signals of the sensor 9. This comparison can easily be carried out with the device shown schematically in FIG. In this scheme, elements 580 and 581 are "JK" type flip-flops and element 582 is a "D" type flip-flop.

Sixteen bit counter with outputs in groups of four The units output is connected to an inverter 584.

24 14 8YY

2) 2 \

The outputs of all NAND-Fore are in a signal tier (inille Idas einer Vcilangsamiing cnispi ii Iu.

NAND [or 38 ¹ J / lisa mn ie nge fa Ul, which escapes the flip-flop> HI and im, sneezes / ι en I all he has I μ iüm a signal ιΐιτ

SiL-UfM If the Λιι / ahl of during an erslen (irolle 0. that of an acceleration L'iiisptii hl The

(! escliwiiuligkcilssigiiiils paid lact signals smaller \ unklion this l'iihlers isl flour in all here

is, ils the number of during les niichsifolgcnilcii Ijn / elhcilen described, because it is a /us.il/tu ¹

(iesi'hwmdigkeilssigiials heruntei ^ 'j / ahllin I, iktsigna- rät / u who he Ii luliingsgc mallen I inrieh Iu ng acts
Ie. (Chin received at exit 58h of the device

I Iu ι / ii I S I ti at I / ucliiniiiivn

Claims (20)

Patent claims: 1. Device for the automatic speed-dependent generation of a trigger signal on a rotating shaft, in particular for controlling the pre-ignition angle in an internal combustion engine, with a sensor that responds to markings on the shaft, with a reference angle sector marked on the shaft which includes the entire adjustment range of the trigger signal angle, and a circuit that calculates a signal corresponding to an auxiliary angle as a function of the speed of the shaft, the signal being greater the lower the speed of the shaft, and with a comparator that compares a signal corresponding to the instantaneous value of the shaft angle within the reference angle sector with the compares the signal corresponding to the auxiliary angle and, if the two signals are equal, generates the trigger signal, UädüfCn gClCcnnZCiCllilCt, uaw uiC kiCliar processing for calculating the corresponding the assist angle signal, comprising a first counter (29) connected to an input directly and to another input via a frequency divider (30) having a constant Impulszah ¹ (F) per unit time supplied clock pulse source (H, 56, 57), the counting time of which is controlled by the signal (14) generated by the sensor (9) and at the output of which a memory (32) is connected that a second signal, also from the signal (14) of the sensor (9) controlled counter (26) is connected to the clock pulse source (H, 56, 57), and that in the comparator (33) the from the first counter (29) in the memory ( 32) taken over digital value of the signal corresponding to the auxiliary angle of the previous shaft rotation with the digital value contained in the second counter (26) of the signal corresponding to the instantaneous value of the shaft angle of the current shaft rotation hen will. 2. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that one input of the first counter (29) is an up count input and the other input is a down count input. 3. Device according to claim 2, characterized in that the first counter (29) is a distributor (90) is connected upstream, which the pulses to be counted in controllable proportions to the up-counting input and the downward counting input of the first counter, and that a discriminator (69) for Speed zones is provided, which controls the distribution mode of the distributor (90). 4. Device according to claim 3, characterized in that a zone (8) of the curve, along which the trigger signal shifts depending on the speed of the shaft, is a polygon segment whose ordinate intersection (Bo) is not equal to zero . that the second counter (26) controls the frequency divider (30) which, based on the pulse frequency F of the clock pulse source (H, 56, 57), generates pulses of the frequency F / n , where η is the sum of a finite series of the general expression 2 "' and wherein the number of members in the series is equal to the number of stages that the frequency divider (30) consists of. ¹ S device according to claim 4 , characterized in that at an ordinate _{intersection θ 0} the number η is essentially equal to ψ / θο , where φ is the reference angle sector, and that during the entire duration P of the signal (14) generated by the sensor (9) the first counter (29) the pulses (F) supplied by the clock pulse source (H, 56, 57) in forwards and counts down the pulses of frequency F / n fed to it by the frequency divider (30) 6. Device according to claim 3, characterized in that in a zone in which the curve, longitudinally ι ϊ which shifts the trigger signal depending on the speed of the shaft, is a polygon segment with a positive slope, the distributor controls a duration decoder (74) which is connected to the outputs of the second counter (26) j »and in each period that generated by the sensor (9) exists, the duration of which is Ao for each interested Zone is predetermined. 7. Device according to claim 6, characterized in that in the case of a polygon segment going through the origin with the positive slope k = & IN, where θ is expressed in degrees and Λ / in rpm, the duration is Aa - k / 6 , and that during the duration of the signal (14) generated by the sensor (9) the first counter (29) is blocked during the time Ao from the beginning of the signal (14) generated by the sensor (9) and then the clock pulse source (H , 56, 57) incoming pulses of frequency F counts. 8. Device according to claims 4 and 6, characterized in that in a zone the curve along which the trigger signal shifts depending on the speed of the shaft, a polygon segment with a positive singling and an ordinate origin δ is that the frequency divider (30 ) and the duration decoder (M) are switched on at the same time that the first counter (29), depending on whether 6 is positive or negative, during the duration of the signal (14) generated by the sensor (9), which it receives from the frequency divider (30) supplied pulses of frequency F / n counts positive or negative, where η is essentially equal to φ / δ and where φ is the reference angle sector that the first counter (29) simultaneously after the time Ao, during which it remains blocked that counts the pulses of frequency Fpositiv supplied to it by the clock pulse source (H, 56, 57), and that Ao in seconds is substantially equal to θ / 6 / V and θ is expressed in degrees and N in rpm. 9. Device according to claims 4 and 6, characterized in that in a zone the curve along which the trigger signal shifts depending on the speed of the shaft, a polygon segment with a negative slope and a positive ordinate intersection <5i, that the frequency divider ( 30) and the duration decoder (74) switched on at the same time; be that the first counter (29) during a time Ro, which is essentially equal to Θ / 6Λ /, counts the pulses of the frequency Fpositiv fed to it by the clock pulse source (H, 56, 57), β in degrees and N in RPM is expressed. and that the first counter selects the entire duration of the from 24 833 Sensor (9) generated signal (14) the frequency divider (30) supplied to it pulses of the frequency counts positive, where η is essentially equal to ψ / ό \ and where φ is the reference angle sector 10. Device according to claim 8, characterized in that the distributor (90) is divided into two independent parts, each of the two parts with the speed discriminator (09), the frequency divider (30), the sensor (9) and the clock pulse source (H, 56 57), and wherein the first part intended for positive counting is additionally connected to the duration decoder (74) and the second part intended for negative counting is preferably additionally connected to the output of a negative pressure signal transmitter ( 108 to 113) is connected 11. Device according to claim 10, characterized tnat AnR A \ a : (H, 56, 57) P-- a clock (56) and a clock frequency divider (57), and that the distributor (90) supplies three time bases (57a, 57b, 57c ^ derived from the common clock (56) of the basic frequency Fi via the clock frequency divider (57)) which each deliver pulses of the frequency F = F _t / 3, which are offset from one another by a third of the period. 12. Device according to one of claims 3 to 11, characterized in that the sensor (9) is a magnetically operating proximity sensor which on an indentation or a projection of the reference angle sector on the shaft responds 13. Device according to one of claims 1 to 12, characterized in that the first counter (29) contains ρ binary outputs, each of which is connected to an input of a flip-flop, and that another input of the flip-flops, preferably with intermediate ^ - ' Holding a signal inverter, connected to the memory (32), which has a flip-flop output 14. Device according to claim 13, characterized in that the comparator (33) is connected on the one hand to a NOR gate connected to the first output of the memory (32) and the second counter (26) and on the other hand to p- 1 identical memory cells, of which the input of one is connected to the output of the preceding one, each memory cell being connected to an output of the memory (32) and the associated output of the second counter (26) and preferably containing four NAND elements 15. Einrichlung according to one of claims) to 14 for controlling the pre-ignition angle in an internal combustion engine, characterized in that a with the sensor (9), the speed discriminator (69) and the comparator (33) connected to the combiner (126) the duration of the Sensor (9) compares the signal (14) generated by the discriminator (69) with a predetermined pulse duration and, based on this comparison, determines the time during which the primary circuit of an ignition coil remains open and closed for a period. 16. Device according to one of claims IO to 15, characterized in that the vacuum signal generator (108 to 113) consists of a manometer capsule (108) whose membrane controls the displacement of a grinder (111) which grinds on a group of conductive traces of each of which can be controlled according to the position of the wiper or not, that each track (113) is connected to an input of the second part of the distributor (90) and there, for example, at an input of a NAND gate, the other input of which is connected to the output of the frequency divider (30) is connected, and that the selection of the outputs of the frequency divider connected in this way is made according to the value assigned to each track (113). 17. The device according to claim 8, characterized in that the discriminator (69) and / or the duration decoder (74) and / or the frequency divider (30) receive signals that originate from at least one two-point sensor which has at least one functip .parameter the ängc5Ch! ü55cricncfi naäSCiiinc ciiuu-, l ^{: r} tu uäij uicSc signals change the signals of a predetermined period of time relative to which the upward or downward counting of the pulse coming from the clock pulse source (H, 56, 57) takes place. 18. Device according to claim 17, characterized in that the at least one two-point sensor by the position of a gas throttle valve and / or by the temperature of the machine and / or is controlled by acceleration or deceleration of the machine. 19. The device according to claim 18, characterized in that the Zweipu ^ ktsensor for acceleration or deceleration of the machine contains an up and down counter which generates a signal depending on whether the number of pulses of the clock pulses (H, 56, 57) during the duration of the signal (14) generated by the sensor (9) is greater than or possibly equal to the number of pulses from the clock pulse source during the duration of the following signal (14) generated by the sensor (9) 20. Device according to claim 8, characterized in that the discriminator (69), the Duration decoder (74) and the frequency divider (30) at least partially from one with one Addresser connected dead memory exist, the information from the second counter (26) and from receives possibly provided two-point sensors, and that the dead memory as a function of Input configuration generates a binary word, its elements, preferably with the interposition a buffer memory to which the comparator (33) and the frequency divider (30) are fed.