DE241204C - - Google Patents

Description

IMPERIAL

PATENT OFFICE.

PATENT LETTERING

- M 241204 CLASS 74 c. GROUP

ALBERT GOLDSTEIN and CLARK POOL in NEWYORK.

Patented in the German Empire on July 8, 1910.

The invention relates to an electrical signaling system of the type in which, in the event of a fault, substitute current paths for signaling are automatically established.
It is desirable to automatically restore the normal state of the signaling system after the malfunction has been eliminated and to return the organs that have come into operation as a result of the malfunction to their original position. The invention solves this problem and also specifies a circuit which enables the signal receivers to respond in different numbers depending on the strength of the current pulses in the proper condition of the system and the same signal receivers in certain groups depending on the location of the disturbance in the case of a faulty system To set activity.

In the drawing, a device according to the invention is shown schematically. The part of the drawing on the right with the relays B, D ¹ , D, E ¹ ^ E, F and / represents the receiving station, which is connected to a reporting point through the long-distance lines 21, 23. One pole of the power source A in the receiving station is connected to ground at G.

The electromagnet B is excited under normal conditions by quiescent current and thereby closes a circuit at contact 1, while at contacts 2 .. and 3 it keeps the circuit interrupted. ^

The relay D, D ^1, E ¹ and E form together with the lamps Q, P, R and O which Signalempfangsvor- 35

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direction. The electromagnets D ¹ and E ¹ are more sensitive than the electromagnets D and E. If, therefore, two sets of current impulses, of which the impulses of one are stronger than those of the other, are sent one after the other into the line, then through the set of the stronger Current pulses respond to all four electromagnets D, E, D ¹ and E ¹ , while only D ¹ and E ^{1 are} excited by the weaker current pulses. Under normal conditions, the electromagnets D and D ^{1 are} energized and keep the contacts 4 and 5 open, while the magnets E and E ^{1 are} de-energized and the contacts 6 and 7 keep closed.

The electromagnet F is provided with a differential winding and controls the switches f and f ¹ . The switch f opens or closes the current on the contacts 8 and 9 and the switch f ¹ on the contacts 10 and 11.

/ is a polarized electromagnet whose armature j at contact 12 opens or closes a circuit.

Two signaling devices T and T ¹ connected in series are shown at the substation. Each reporting device is equipped with an encoder wheel M , which is arranged on a common shaft with a lifting disc N, which carries an edge made of insulating material. A switch n, which opens or closes a circuit leading to earth G ¹ at contact 13, lies against the insulated edge of the lifting disc. In the rest position of the wheel M , the bent end of the switch η in

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a notch ο the lifting disc N and thus opens the connection to earth. The switch m, which lies against the wheel M , opens and closes a circuit at contact 14, and the switch m ¹ , which is connected to the switch m and is moved together, opens and closes a circuit at the contact 15. The contacts 14 and 15 are conductively connected to contact 13. The resistors 17 and 18 connected to the earthing switch at 16 are parallel to the transmitter T ^1. The current pulses sent into the line by the transmitter T are, as will be explained later, not weakened by any resistances of the substation, while the ^{current pulses caused by the transmitter T 1} flow through the specified resistors. The current pulses caused by the transmitter T will therefore excite all four electromagnets D, D ¹ , E and E ¹ , while the current pulses sent by the transmitter T ¹ into the line only cause the electromagnets D ¹ and E ¹ to respond. In this way, two different types of signals can be transmitted from the reporting office

will. ■

In the normal idle state of the system, a closed circuit leads from the power source A via line 19, the electromagnets D, D ¹ , line 20, which is a coil of the electromagnet F, line 21, switch m, m ^{1 of} the transmitter T, line 22, switch m , m ^{1 of} the transmitter T ¹ , line 23, the other coil of the electromagnet F, switch f, contact 9, line 24, switch b, contact 1, electromagnet B, line 25 back to the power source.

Assume that the encoder T is in action

set by turning its wheel M by any device; then the electrical equilibrium in magnet F is initially disturbed by the grounding in G ^1. It flows, namely an additional current from the power source A to earth G ¹ via the magnets D, D ¹ and the upper coil of the magnet F, which consequently attracts its armature. As a result, the long-distance line 23 is connected to the power source A via the contacts 8 and 10 and via the magnets E ¹ , E. As a result, all four electromagnets D, D ¹ , E and E ¹ respond and the circuit at contacts 4, 5, 6 and 7 open and close. These contacts and the switches controlled by the aforementioned electromagnets are located with the power source K (shown as a storage battery) and the incandescent lamps O, P, Q and R at the central station in a local circuit. As a result, these lamps will act as signal receivers. The magnet F, through which the quiescent current usually flows in its two windings and is consequently not excited, which, as explained above, responds to the signaling due to the grounding in G ^{1 in} rapid succession, has an armature with a delayed fall that lasts during the signaling remains attracted. It should also be noted that the electromagnet B, which is weakened in its current intensity at short intervals as a result of the grounding in G ¹ , due to a suitable construction of its armature, does not let it fall during the signaling.

If, on the other hand, the transmitter T ^{1 is set} in action, then after the contacts 8 and 10 have closed, the relay F, the current weakened by the resistors 17 and 18, respectively, will only ^{excite the electromagnets D 1} and E ¹ , and the signals are only im The lights P and Q light up and go out.

If faults occur, the system works in the following way: Assuming a break occurs at X in wire 21: then, by interrupting the quiescent current, electromagnets B, D and D ^{1 are} de-energized. Electromagnet B drops its armature and creates the following circuit: From the non-earthed pole of the power source via line 19 to electromagnets E and E ¹ and via line 26, point W, through the coils of the polarized electromagnet /, via point Z , Line 27, contact 2, switch b, line 24, contact 9, switch f, which is a coil of the electromagnet F, line 23 to the transmitter T ¹ and via wire 22 to the transmitter T, the circuit after the ground connections G ¹ and G ^{2 is} closed when signaling. As explained above, the signaling causes magnet F to attract its armature and changes the signal path insofar as contacts 8 and 10 establish a direct connection from 23 to E and E ¹ .

Assuming a break occurs at point Y of wire 23, electromagnets B, D and D ¹ will come to rest , as explained above. There is also the following 'signal current path: From power source A via line 19 to electromagnets D and D ¹ via line 20 through a coil of electromagnet F, via line 21 to transmitters T and T " ¹ and the earth connections G ¹ and G ² .

In the event of an earth fault in the connecting lines, the system works as follows: Assume that the earth fault occurs at point X in wire 21. It will emanate then two current paths from the power source A: Firstly, via line 19, solenoids D ₁ O ^1, line 20 at X. The resulting electrical in its equilibrium disturbed a coil of the electromagnet F to the resulting ground fault and consequently excited electromagnet F draws his anchor. This creates a current path

Via line 19, electromagnets E and E ¹ , switch f \ contact 10, point S, contact 8, switch f, the other sink of the electromagnet F, line 23, transmitters T ¹ and T, after the earth connection point X, until the transmitter is actuated and alternately subordinate this circuit. break and lay on ground at G ¹ or G ^2. But if the earth fault occurs at Y in wire 23, the two current paths from power source A will run as follows: Via line 19, electromagnet D ₁ D ¹ , line 20, which is a coil of the electromagnet F, line 2i, transmitter T and T ¹ after the ground connection point Y. The excited electromagnet F will attract its armature and thereby a current path via line 19, electromagnets E and E ¹ , switch f ¹ , contact 10, point 5, contact 8, switch f, the second coil of the electromagnet F, establish line 23 after the earth connection point at Y.

So while under normal conditions there are two signal current paths that end either at the ground connection G ¹ or G ² or, if both transmitters are active at the same time, at both ground connections, one of these current paths is put out of operation as soon as a ground fault occurs the other alone transmits the signals. It is also clear that when the fault occurs on one side of the encoder, e.g. B. at X, the electromagnets E, E ¹ serve as a signal receiver, while when this disturbance occurs on the other hand, z. B. at Y, the electromagnets D, D ¹ transmit the signals. While the magnets D ¹ , E ¹ or all four magnets serve as signal transmitters with normal conduction, in the event of a fault either only D, D ¹ or only E, E ¹ respond.

If we summarize all these processes, it becomes clear that in the event of a break or a ground fault in the long-distance line in X, the electromagnets E, E ¹ and thereby the lamps Q, R serve as signal receivers, while in the event of a break or earth fault in the long-distance line in Y, the signals through D, D ¹ and through the lamps P, O are transmitted.

A shunt line extends from point W in line 26 to the ground pole of the power source, via switch f ¹ , contact 11, line 28, resistor 29, switch b ¹ , contact 3, line 25 to power source A. If it is now assumed that the fault was a break in the line, since the armature of magnet B has fallen, this shunt will provide a path for the current after the broken line has been restored. The restored quiescent current then goes from the non-earthed pole of the power source via the electromagnets D, D ¹ , one coil of the electromagnet F, line 21, transmitter T, T ¹ , line 23, the other coil of the electromagnet F, switch f , Contact 9, line 24, switch b, contact 2, line 27, point Z through the polarized magnet / to point W and on via switch f ^1,. Point n, line 28, resistor. 29, switch b ¹ , contact 3, line 25 after the power source back.

The current in the electromagnet / now has such a direction that the switch j is flipped, and at 12 the contact closes. Then a current goes from the current source A through the electromagnets E and E ~ i to the point W, via switch 7, resistor 30, electromagnet B and via line 25 to the. Pole of the power source lying on earth. The electromagnet B then attracts its armature, closes the circuit at 1 and opens the contacts at 2 and 3; the switch j then swings back into its normal position and the original path for the quiescent current is restored.

The resistor 29 is intended to ensure that that coil of the electromagnet F, which is connected to the grounded pole of the power source A , is supplied with sufficient current, despite the contact closure at 3, to keep it energized even after a break in line 21 has occurred (See fault example above in the event that a break occurs in line 21). Otherwise so much current would go here via the shunt line to the pole of the current source A connected to earth that an effective excitation of the electromagnet F would not be achievable. This electromagnet F must, however, be able to close the circuit at 10 and open it at 11. The opening of the circuit at 11 prevents the current in the shunt line from preventing the operation of the electromagnets E and ZT ¹ when the same are to be activated by the sensors. The contact 10 short-circuits the electromagnet / when signaling, so that the excitation of the electromagnets E and E ^{1 is} increased by reducing the resistance.

The resistor 30 serves to limit the excitation of the electromagnet B in order to prevent in this way a harmful remanence which would be large enough to prevent the armature from falling off if the circuit is interrupted or if an earth fault occurs.

If for any reason the earth connections G ¹ or G ^{% are} interrupted, the transmitters T and T ^{1 will} interrupt and close the closed circuit and transmit signals in this way. The interruptions must be of such a short duration that the electromagnet B does not .fall its armature.

Claims (2)

PaTεν τ-An APPLICATION:
ι. Circuit arrangement for electrical signaling systems, in particular for fire and intrusion alarm systems, in which, if line faults occur, these are automatically rendered harmless in that the end of the signaling loop connected to the grounded pole of the power source in the receiving station is automatically switched to the non-grounded pole of the power source , characterized in that the normal state of the power line is automatically restored after the malfunctions caused by line breakage or earth fault have been eliminated. 2. Circuit arrangement according to claim 1, characterized in that two groups of receiving apparatus (E, E ¹ or D, D ¹ ) are present in the receiving station, and that in the event of a fault, the current pulses sent by the encoder are either only one or only put the other group into action, depending on the location of the disturbance. 1 sheet of drawings.