DE2400246B2 - ARRANGEMENT FOR MEASURING THE OXYGEN CONTENT IN SMOKE GAS CHANNELS - Google Patents
ARRANGEMENT FOR MEASURING THE OXYGEN CONTENT IN SMOKE GAS CHANNELSInfo
- Publication number
- DE2400246B2 DE2400246B2 DE19742400246 DE2400246A DE2400246B2 DE 2400246 B2 DE2400246 B2 DE 2400246B2 DE 19742400246 DE19742400246 DE 19742400246 DE 2400246 A DE2400246 A DE 2400246A DE 2400246 B2 DE2400246 B2 DE 2400246B2
- Authority
- DE
- Germany
- Prior art keywords
- probe
- flue gas
- oxygen
- arrangement
- measuring
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N27/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means
- G01N27/26—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating electrochemical variables; by using electrolysis or electrophoresis
- G01N27/403—Cells and electrode assemblies
- G01N27/406—Cells and probes with solid electrolytes
- G01N27/407—Cells and probes with solid electrolytes for investigating or analysing gases
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
- F23N5/00—Systems for controlling combustion
- F23N5/003—Systems for controlling combustion using detectors sensitive to combustion gas properties
- F23N5/006—Systems for controlling combustion using detectors sensitive to combustion gas properties the detector being sensitive to oxygen
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N27/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means
- G01N27/26—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating electrochemical variables; by using electrolysis or electrophoresis
- G01N27/403—Cells and electrode assemblies
- G01N27/406—Cells and probes with solid electrolytes
- G01N27/4067—Means for heating or controlling the temperature of the solid electrolyte
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- Immunology (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- Pathology (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Measuring Oxygen Concentration In Cells (AREA)
Description
'i'i
Sonde auf dem Abstandshalterohr 10, das dazu dient, die Sonde in dem Bereich des Rauchgaskanals 3 zu halten, in dem eine gute Durchmischun.g des Rauchgases bereits stattgefunden hat. Das Abstandshalterohr IO und der Flansch 11 bestehen aus hitrcbeständigem Material.Probe on the spacer tube 10, which serves to the To keep the probe in the area of the flue gas duct 3 in which the flue gas is well mixed has already taken place. The spacer tube IO and the flange 11 are made of heat-resistant material.
Ein hitzebeständiger Kitt 12 hält die einzelnen Bauteile der Sonde in ihrer Position. Die eigentlichen sauerstoffsensiblen Fühler 13 bestehen ars einseitig geschlossenen Rohren. In der Ausführung der Sonde, die in F i g. 2 gezeigt ist, sind zwei derartige sauerstoffsensible Fühler 13 nebeneinander angeordnet. Sie bilden zusammen einen Doppelfühler. Diese sauerstoff sensiblen Fühlei 13 bestehen aus iauerstoffionenleitenden Festelektrolyien. z. B. aus stabilisiertem Zirkondioxid. In diesem Material erfolgt die elektrische Stromleitung praktisch vollständig durch Sauerstoffionen. Im Innern der Fühler 13 befinden sich dünne Rohre 14 aus feuerfestem Material, z. B. Aluminiumoxid-Keramik. In diesen Rohren 14 werden die Platindrähtc 15 geführt, die den Koniakt zur liinenelektrode oder der sogenannten Referenz.clekirode 16 herstellen. Durch das Innere der Rohre 14 erfolgt gleichzeitig die Zufuhr von Luft, angedeutet durch die Pfeile 14;i, die im Räume der Referenzelektroden 16 den Bezugsauerstoffpartialdruck konstant aufrecht erhalten, nämlich den Sauerstoffpartialdruck der Luft, etwa 0,21 Atmosphären. Die Fühler 13 trugen auf ihrer Kuppe, d.h. gegenüber den Referenzelekirodcn 16, die eigentlichen Me'Jelcktroden 17, mit denen Platindrähte 18 verbunden sind. Die Platindrähte 18 sind mit Verlängerungen der Platindrahte 15 in der Leitung 5 (F i g. 1) zusammengefaßt, welche die Sonde 4 mit dem Regelglied 6 verbindet. A heat-resistant cement 12 holds the individual components of the probe in their position. The actual oxygen-sensitive sensors 13 consist of tubes that are closed on one side. In the execution of the probe shown in FIG. 2, two such oxygen-sensitive sensors 13 are arranged next to one another. Together they form a double sensor. These oxygen-sensitive sensors 13 consist of solid electrolytes which conduct oxygen ions. z. B. made of stabilized zirconium dioxide. In this material, the electrical current is carried almost entirely by oxygen ions. Inside the sensor 13 there are thin tubes 14 made of refractory material, e.g. B. alumina ceramic. In these tubes 14 the platinum wires 15 are guided, which produce the connection to the line electrode or the so-called reference cell 16. At the same time, air is supplied through the interior of the tubes 14, indicated by the arrows 14; i, which constantly maintain the reference oxygen partial pressure in the space of the reference electrodes 16, namely the oxygen partial pressure of the air, approximately 0.21 atmospheres. The sensors 13 had the actual measuring electrodes 17 on their tops, ie opposite the reference electrodes 16, to which platinum wires 18 are connected. The platinum wires 18 are combined with extensions of the platinum wires 15 in the line 5 (FIG. 1), which connects the probe 4 to the control element 6.
Fin Thermoelemenischut/.rohr 19 enthalt die Thermoelementdrähte 20. Auch diese Thermoelementdrähte 20 u erden über die Leitung 5 (F i g. 1) dem Regelglied 6 zugeführt. Ein Heizmantel 21 enthält eine elektrische Heizung. Diese elektrische Heizung wird über das Thermoelement 19/20 so eingeregelt, daß die sauerstoffsensiblen Fühler 13 sich stets auf ihrer Arbeitstemperatur. ■/.. B. 700' C. befinden. Mit 22 sind die Zuleitungsdrähte für die elektrische Heizung bezeichnet. Der elektrische Heizmantel 21 kann in seinem unteren Teil Löcher 23 enthalten. Mehrere dieser Löcher können über den Umfang verteilt sein. Sie dienen der besseren Zirkulation des Rauchgases im Bereich der sauerstoffsensiblen Fühler 13. The thermocouple tube 19 contains the thermocouple wires 20. These thermocouple wires 20 are also fed to the control element 6 via the line 5 (FIG. 1). A heating jacket 21 contains an electric heater. This electrical heating is regulated by the thermocouple 19/20 so that the oxygen-sensitive sensors 13 are always at their working temperature. ■ / .. B. 700 'C. are located. With 22 the lead wires for the electric heater are designated. The electric heating jacket 21 may include holes 23 in its lower part. Several of these holes can be distributed over the circumference. They serve to improve the circulation of the flue gas in the area of the oxygen-sensitive sensors 13.
Das Drahtnetz 24 umgibt den Heizmantel 21 und die übrigen Teile der Sonde, die auf der Arbeitstemperatur gehalten werden. Dies sind insbesondere die sauersioff sensiblen Fühler 13 und auch das Thermoelement 19/20. Dieses Drahtnetz 24 kann aus einem Metallgeflecht. z. B. aus hitzebeständigem Stahl, bestehen. Es dient dazu, Explosionen im Rauchgaskanal 3 zu vermeiden. falls sich dort, z. B. bei Versagen eines Teiles der Brennersteuerung bzw. der Brennerzündung, ein explosionsfähiges Gemisch ansammeln sollte. The wire mesh 24 surrounds the heating jacket 21 and the remaining parts of the probe, which are kept at the working temperature. These are in particular the oxygen- sensitive sensors 13 and also the thermocouple 19/20. This wire mesh 24 can consist of a metal mesh. z. B. made of heat-resistant steel. It serves to avoid explosions in the flue gas duct 3. if there, z. B. If part of the burner control or the burner ignition fails, an explosive mixture should accumulate.
Versuche haben gezeigt, daß es mit Hilfe der erfindungsgemäßen Anordnung möglich ist, Sauerstoffgehalte in Rauchgasen praktisch verzögerungsfrei Tests have shown that with the aid of the arrangement according to the invention it is possible to measure the oxygen content in flue gases practically without delay
kontinuierlich über lange Zeiten zu messen mit Genauigkeiten von besser als 0,03 %. Mit Hilfe der von der Sonde gelieferten Spannung ließ sich eine Regelung des Luft-Brennstoffgemisches einstellen, die zu einer Konstanz des Saucrstoffgehaltes im Rauchgas von besser als 0,1 % führte, trotz stark schwankender Luftfeuchte und stark veränderter Brennstoffzufuhr. Ls gelang auf diese Weise, den Sauerstoffgehalt des Rauchgases über einen großen Bereich der Energieabgabe des Brenners konstant zu halten. Die erfindungsge-to measure continuously over long periods with an accuracy of better than 0.03%. With the help of The voltage supplied to the probe can be used to regulate the air-fuel mixture, resulting in a Constancy of the oxygen content in the flue gas of better than 0.1% resulted in spite of strongly fluctuating Humidity and greatly changed fuel supply. In this way, Ls succeeded in reducing the oxygen content of the To keep the flue gas constant over a large range of the energy output of the burner. The inventive
mäße Sonde gestattet es daher, optimale Verbrennungs- ^ustände in Feuerungen genauer als bisher einzustellen und kontinuierlich über längere Zeiten aufrecht zu erhalten. Dies ist einmal für die Einsparung von Brennstoffen von außerordentlicher Bedeutung, ergibt icdoch auch für eine Vermeidung der Umweltverschmutzung durch ungenügend gesteuerte Verbrennungsprozesse beträchtliche Vorteile. Die erfir.dungsgemäße Sonde gestattet es, den günstigen Kompomiß zwischen der Schwefelsäure- und der Sticksioffoxidimmission erheblich genauer einzuhalten.A moderate probe therefore allows optimal combustion conditions in furnaces to be set more precisely than before and to be maintained continuously over longer periods of time. This is once for the saving of Fuels of extraordinary importance, however, also result in the prevention of environmental pollution considerable advantages due to insufficiently controlled combustion processes. The according to the invention The probe allows the favorable compromise between the sulfuric acid and nitrogen oxide immissions to be observed much more precisely.
Hierzu 2 Blatt ZeichnungenFor this purpose 2 sheets of drawings
Claims (3)
Priority Applications (5)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE19742400246 DE2400246C3 (en) | 1974-01-04 | Arrangement for measuring the oxygen content in flue gas ducts | |
IT3084474A IT1027899B (en) | 1974-01-04 | 1974-12-20 | ARRANGEMENT FOR MEASURING THE OXYGEN CONTENT IN COMBUSTION GAS CHANNELS |
CH1719774A CH578177A5 (en) | 1974-01-04 | 1974-12-23 | |
GB12875A GB1475441A (en) | 1974-01-04 | 1975-01-02 | Device for sensing the oxygen content of a gaseous stream |
FR7500140A FR2257086B1 (en) | 1974-01-04 | 1975-01-03 |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE19742400246 DE2400246C3 (en) | 1974-01-04 | Arrangement for measuring the oxygen content in flue gas ducts |
Publications (3)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
DE2400246A1 DE2400246A1 (en) | 1975-07-17 |
DE2400246B2 true DE2400246B2 (en) | 1976-12-02 |
DE2400246C3 DE2400246C3 (en) | 1977-07-28 |
Family
ID=
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0060681A1 (en) * | 1981-03-17 | 1982-09-22 | Honeywell Inc. | A combustible gas analyzer |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0060681A1 (en) * | 1981-03-17 | 1982-09-22 | Honeywell Inc. | A combustible gas analyzer |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
FR2257086B1 (en) | 1981-05-22 |
GB1475441A (en) | 1977-06-01 |
FR2257086A1 (en) | 1975-08-01 |
CH578177A5 (en) | 1976-07-30 |
DE2400246A1 (en) | 1975-07-17 |
IT1027899B (en) | 1978-12-20 |
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Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
C3 | Grant after two publication steps (3rd publication) | ||
E77 | Valid patent as to the heymanns-index 1977 | ||
8320 | Willingness to grant licences declared (paragraph 23) | ||
AG | Has addition no. |
Ref document number: 2510189 Country of ref document: DE |
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8339 | Ceased/non-payment of the annual fee |