DE2358213A1 - Forklift truck pallet - has hollow tapered flat-ended bodies underneath acting as fork guides - Google Patents

Abstract

The pallet consists of a baseplate, with underneath it a series of equal moulding at regular intervals acting as guides for lifting forks. The mouldings are in the form of hollow tapering symmetrical bodies, flattened at their free ends parallel to the baseplate, which is equipped with layers resistant to tension loads in the area near them. A moulding in the form of a hollow straight truncated cone can be provided at each corner. Alternatively, hollow quadrilateral prismatic section skid-type mouldings can be provided, with an open end, two parallel sides and two other sides symmetrically inclined. Mouldings and baseplate can be in one piece, or the mouldings can fit by their wider ends in holes formed in the baseplate.

Description

Applicant: Architects Heinz Sanders and Horst Langmann

palette

The invention "relates to a pallet that has a bottom plate and has the same strips attached under the base plate at predetermined intervals serving as fork entry.

Pallets, also called stacking plates, are loading racks for • Transport, stacking and storage of all kinds of goods in connection with. trackless electric conveyors, such as forklifts and pallet trucks, and with hoists that have a special fork hanger.

Pallets consist of a base plate, on the underside of which the same base strips are attached at a given distance are, so that the base plate is removed from the ground by a certain clear height and there are cavities between the base strips which are used to introduce the forks of forklifts, pallet trucks and fork slings. Well-known pallets show Continuous strips either on the long side or on the broad side the floor panels on; usually also a continuous bar parallel in the middle between the two sides Afford. In this pail one speaks of-a two-way pallet, as there was space for the fork entry on two sides of the pallet is. Other known pallets have interrupted ones

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Strips, whereby the strip parts are at a given distance from each other. In this EaIl one speaks of a four- -way pallet, as there is space for fork insertion on four sides of the pallet is available. In all cases, the bars are massive cuboid blocks.

As far as the known pallets are wooden pallets, the failure due to irreparable damage is relatively high. Tucks usually come about when "grinding in * the forks, which bump against the strips that are due to the construction of wooden pallets. Broken wooden pallets can practically only be eliminated by incineration. In many cases this is undesirable or impossible, which is why rotting Pallet stacks spoil company premises and storage yards. Wooden pallets also provide fire protection for storage buildings An undesirable fire load » This applies in particular when concentrating in so-called high-rise pallet storage areas and when storing items that are incombustible per se Goods.

Standard steel pallets do not really compete with wooden pallets because they are considerable due to their construction, heavier, have almost the same space requirements as wooden pallets and are essential due to the high manufacturing costs more expensive.

The main problem that occurs with pallets of the aforementioned type, is their accident-proof and space-saving stacking when unloaded. The Deutsche Bundesbahn has an exchange fee introduced for pool pallets to cover the high costs of empty balancing of the pallets as a result of unbalanced Traffic flows arise. But also for reasons of rationalization The rapidly growing use of pallets is causing ever increasing space requirements for empty pallets at the Users who love the additional space required by conventional

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Another disadvantage of pallets is their high weight, which is, for example, 30 kg for the euro pallet. Each stacked pallet namely stands in the unloaded state with its strips on the base plate of the pallet below it. This stacking consequently requires a relatively large amount of space. In addition, when the stack of straws is hit, there is a risk of that the top pallets fall off the stack. The same problem occurs with so-called loading beds, the like the pallets have a base plate, in which, however, runners are attached to the base plate instead of the strips.

The invention pursues the purpose, avoiding the described Disadvantages to solve the above problem. It is based on the task of the base plate and supports of a pallet designed so that they partially interlock in the stacked, unloaded state without the pallet through Share, fold or the like. To be changed in shape needs, and without impairing their ability to function will. According to the invention, this object is achieved in that the strips are designed as tapered symmetrical hollow bodies are formed which are truncated at the tapering free end parallel to the base plate, and that the base plate in the area the last has layers that can be subjected to tensile stress. In the invention, each body is a symmetrical hollow body to understand that allows that a stacked with other pallets in the unloaded state pallet with the hollow body penetrates the bottom plate of the pallet below and with its outer surfaces on the inner surfaces of the hollow body the pallet underneath. However, one that depends on the incline of the side walls of the hollow body, as a rule Part of the distance from the installation surface in excess of $ 80 the supports up to the loading area of the base plate is made by this interlocking of stacked pallets saved. Nevertheless, if necessary, the distance between two base plates can be kept so that it can be used as a fork entry lifting a pallet from the stack is sufficient. Under pressure

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the pallet prevents the tensile stressable level layer that the base plate in the area between the hollow body and the adjacent edge is pushed downwards.

Steel and aluminum are preferred as materials. Other materials E.g. laminates and material combinations are possible. The production is preferably carried out by deep drawing made of thin steel, stainless steel or aluminum sheets, whereby the complete pallet is created in one operation, in addition to the may have surface and edge reinforcing beads described hollow bodies. Together, shape and manufacturing process create ©. opM-male stability with low material requirements and the highest Stacking effect. The pallet according to the invention has dimensions The Euro pallet has a weight of 15 kg and less, depending on the material used and the desired load capacity. Pallets that have become unusable fall into considerably smaller ones? Number. You can use them again as raw material without leaving any residue Find use. Due to the material used and the production, the pallets according to the invention are particularly dimensionally stable, easy to handle and predestined for use in electronically controlled high-bay warehouses.

In an advantageous embodiment of the invention, a strip in the form of a hollow one is at least at each corner of the base plate straight truncated cone provided. In the broadest sense, the stump of each cone is closed under a straight truncated cone understand that is created by connecting a tip with all points of a regular, closed plane curve that has a center point, the connecting line point-center point perpendicular to the surface determined by the curve stands. As an example are circular truncated cones, truncated pyramids Different number of edges and truncated ellipses called. In this embodiment of the invention, the pallet is a four-way pallet.

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In. Another advantageous embodiment is at least on each -of.two mutually parallel edges of the bottom- ' plate a strip in the form of a hollow four-sided running parallel to the edges. Prism with two parallel G-round surfaces. and symmetrically inclined side surfaces are provided. In this embodiment of the invention, the pallet is a two-way pallet.

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"6-

The strips and the base plate can be placed on the pallet according to the .Invention consist of one piece of uniform material. The. Afford however, they can also bit their open larger base area be attached to the base plate, which has the same openings as the base areas.

In a further development of the invention, the base plate of the pallet is a funnel-shaped widening or tapering one Edge connected. This enables the pallet to be used as an OP transport container. The bottom plate knows itself funnel-shaped edge widening upwards, this edge can be molded onto the base plate; it can also be placed on the base plate be put on. In any case, it remains with the transport container Extended pallet can be stacked one inside the other to save space. An upwardly tapering edge becomes removable put the base plate on. In this pail the funnel-shaped Edge stacked separately from the pallet. But this stacking is also possible to save space.

Embodiments of the invention are shown in the drawing and are described in more detail below. Bs show: Fig. 1 schematically on a reduced scale

Top view of a pallet with supports inside Shape of hollow straight circular truncated cones; Fig. 2 shows a cross section along the section line H-II in own. 1 by several pallets stacked on top of each other;

]? ig · 3 an excerpt from that in Pig. 1 pallet shown, but with a runner-like support;

Figure 4 is a cross-section along section line IV-IY in Pig. 3 by the runner-like support;

Fig. 5 schematically on a reduced scale, the plan view on a pallet with supports in the form of prisms running parallel to an edge shorter 'length than the edge;

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6 shows a cross section along the section line VI-VI in Pig. 5 stacked by several on top of each other Pallet.

In the embodiment shown in FIGS the pallet has a rectangular base plate 1, from which symmetrically arranged nine hollow, straight circular truncated cones 2 are formed as supports. One of the circular truncated cones 2 is arranged at the corners 11 of the base plate 1. Both along the long sides 12 and along the broad sides 13 of the base plate 1 is in the middle between each .Two circular truncated cones 2 arranged at the corners 11 in each case a further circular truncated cone 2 is arranged. The last circular truncated cone 2 is arranged in the center of gravity of the base plate 1. When using circular truncated cones 2 as supports and their distribution as described above, optimal results are obtained Ratios: The pallet is a four-way pallet, as from all sides with the help of forks in between each two adjacent circular truncated cones 2 formed HohlrSumw engaged can be. Of the circular truncated cones 2, the size and the position of the coincident with the base plate 1 can Base 21, the truncated base 22 and the Design of the shell 23 can be selected in adaptation to existing standards. The distance results from this “choice two circular truncated cones 2 from each other and the distance of the base plate 1 from the installation surface on the ground. The circular truncated cones 2 stabilize the base plate 1 in the manner of a mushroom cover.

With lower loads it is possible to provide a pallet with fewer than nine circular truncated cones 2, e.g. with one at each corner 11. With greater loads it is possible to provide a pallet with more than nine circular truncated cones 2, which are symmetrically distributed over the base plate 1 * In the case of larger loads, the floor slab 1 can also be stabilized by reinforcing it from different

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Layers - inlays, sandwich constructions - are produced or given a "special shape - stiffening ribs, beads will.

Depending on the material used "consist of the bottom plate 1 and the circular truncated cones 2 in one piece. Bine such a design is possible if the pallet is e.g. die-cast ^ Casting, pressing, layering, deep drawing or pressing is produced. It is on the other hand possible, the circular truncated cones 2 with to attach their larger base area 21 to the base plate 1. In this Pail, the base plate 1 has the same base areas 21 Openings on.

As FIG. 2 shows, the circular truncated cones 2 can be used freely as a simple stacking of unloaded pallets possible: The outer surface of the cone shell 23 of all circular truncated cones 2 of a pallet are "when stacked in a row on the inner surfaces of the cone jacket 23 of the truncated circular cones 2 located underneath. In this stacking, only one of the opening angle of the cone shells 23 and the distance between the base surfaces 21, 22 dependent fraction of the stack height that would be required if the base areas 22 Stand up on the base plates 1. In addition, this type of stacking is accident-proof, since accidental knocking of the after Figure 2 stacked pallets does not cause the top pallets to fall off the stack. The pallets can can also be stacked with the circular cones 2 facing up. There is enough space between two base plates 1 for forks, with the help of which pallets are removed from the stack.

Another embodiment example of a four-way pallet is shown in FIGS. 3 and 4. Here are like "on a loading platform Skid-like strips in the form of a hollow four-sided short prism 3 with open end faces 31 are provided. the Side surfaces 32 of the prism 3 are inclined. With its large base 33, the prism 3 lies in the plane of the base plate. The small one running parallel to the large base area 33

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Base area 34 is the installation area. The prisms 3 need not run parallel to the edges; rather, they can be arranged at a constant angle to the edges.

Instead of the runners, other inclined, e.g. molded footrests or support bodies can also be provided on the pallet which correspond to recesses in the base plate. This also means that pallets can be stacked on top of one another obtain. Examples of such footrests or support bodies are a band, a folded band, diagonally arranged Angle profiles, other profiles that can be stacked in an inclined arrangement, mandrels, brackets, cone and pyramid segments or others Form segments called, which by inclination or curvature and Snapping into corresponding openings or depressions enables space-saving stacking.

In Figures 5 and 6 is an embodiment for a Two-way pallet shown. In this embodiment, the rectangular base plate 1 points parallel to the broad sides of the two Edges a bar in the shape of a parallel to the edges extending hollow, four-sided long prism 4. The side surfaces 32 of the prism 3 are symmetrically inclined so that the prism 4 tapers towards the free end. Seiaae base areas 33, 34 run parallel. The end faces 41 of the prisms 4 are closed in the embodiment and also slightly inclined. In the middle between the two prisms 4 can be the same constructed prism be provided. The end faces 41 can be open. In all cases the fork entry is between the prisms 4 from the two long sides 12 possible. The prisms 4 can also run parallel to the longitudinal sides 12. The fork can then be inserted from the broad sides 13.

With regard to the choice of the dimensions of the prisms 4, the Stabilization and manufacture of the pallet shown in Figures 5 and 6 and the accident-proof stackability The same applies to the figures 1 and 2,

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When running after, the Pig. 5 and 6 becomes particularly clear, that between the end face of the prism and the adjacent edge of the base plate a claimable on train Layer of the floor slab must be present. If this layer were not present, the floor slab would, if loaded by an in the swivel axis lying on the small base of the prism is pushed downwards.

The pallet according to the invention allows in particular space-saving and accident-proof stacking of unloaded pallets. It can insbeeondsrejauö metal ... adapted to the respective purpose, stable and easy to manufacture.

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Claims (1)

Claims M.yPalette, which has a base plate and under the base plate in has predetermined spacing that serves as a fork entry and has the same strips attached to one another, characterized in that that the strips are designed as tapered, symmetrical hollow bodies, the tapered free end are truncated parallel to the base plate (1), and that the base plate (1) can be subjected to tensile stress in the area of the strips Has layers. 2. Pallet according to claim 1, characterized in that at least at each corner (11) of the base plate (1) has a bar in Porm of a hollow straight truncated cone is provided. 3. Pallet according to claim 2, characterized in that at each Corner (11) of the base plate (1) a hollow straight circular truncated cone (2) is provided. 4 · Pallet according to claim 2, characterized in that at least at each corner (11) a runner-like strip in the form of an open end face (31) having hollow four-sided Prism (3) with two parallel base surfaces (33, '34) and symmetrically inclined side surfaces (32) is provided. 509822/0468 5. Pallet according to claim 1, characterized in that at least on each of two mutually parallel edges the base plate (1) has a bar in the form of a hollow four-sided prism (4) running parallel to the edges Length as the length of each of the parallel edges, with two parallel bases (43, 44) and symmetrical 'inclined side surfaces (42) is provided. 6. Pallet according to claim 5, characterized in that each prism (4) has closed end faces (41). 7. Pallet according to claim 5, characterized in that each prism (4) has open end faces (41). 8. Pallet according to one of claims 1 "to 7, characterized in that that the strips (2, 3, 4) and the base plate (1) consist of the same material from one piece. 9. Pallet according to one of claims 1 "to 7, characterized in that that the strips (2, 3, 4) with their larger open base (21, 33, 43) in the base plate (1) ■ are attached, the same openings as the G-round surfaces having. 10. Pallet according to one of claims 1 "to 9, characterized in that that with the base plate (1) a funnel-shaped edge widening upwards is connected. 11. Pallet according to one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that that a funnel-shaped edge tapering upwards is connected to the base plate (1). 12. Pallet according to claim 1Θ, characterized in that the funnel-shaped edge is molded onto the base plate (1). 509822/0468 '13. Pallet after. Claim 10 or 11, characterized in, that the funnel-shaped edge is placed on the base plate (1). ■ 14. A method for producing a pallet according to one of the 'preceding claims, characterized in that thin steel, stainless steel or aluminum sheets are deep-drawn. < 509822/0468