DE235151C

DE235151C -

Info

Publication number: DE235151C
Application number: DENDAT235151D
Authority: DE

Description

KAISERLICHESIMPERIAL

PATENTAMT.PATENT OFFICE.

ATENTSGHRIFTATENT POISON

- M 235151 KLASSE 21c. GRUPPE- M 235151 CLASS 21c. GROUP

VITTORIO ARCIONI in MAILAND.VITTORIO ARCIONI in MILAN.

auf Grund der Anmeldung in Italien vom 27. Juni 1908 anerkannt.recognized on the basis of the registration in Italy on June 27, 1908.

Der Gegenstand der Erfindung betrifft eine Schutzvorrichtung gegen Überspannungen in Ein- oder Mehrphasen-Wechselstromanlagen, die in Tätigkeit tritt, wenn die Spannung einer 5 oder mehrerer Leitungen ein gegebenes Potential, z. B. das der Erde, um eine vorbestimmte Grenze überschreitet; Die Tätigkeit der Vorrichtung kann darin bestehen, daß sie ein Zeichen gibt oder einen Stromkreis schließt oder öffnet, wodurch z. B. der Hauptschalter der Leitungen geöffnet wird oder die einzelnen Leitungen so an Erde gelegt werden, daß die Gefahr der Überspannungen beseitigt wird.The object of the invention relates to a protection device against overvoltages in Single or multi-phase AC systems that come into operation when the voltage of a 5 or more lines have a given potential, e.g. B. that of the earth to a predetermined Exceeds limit; The operation of the device can be that it is a Gives signs or closes or opens a circuit, whereby z. B. the main switch of the lines is opened or the individual lines are connected to earth in such a way that the The risk of overvoltages is eliminated.

Die Vorrichtung besitzt mindestens ebensoviele Elektromagnete, als Leitungen vorhanden sind; zwischen jede Leitung und einen gemeinsamen Punkt, z. B. die Erde, ist ein Magnet oder mehrere in Reihe geschaltet. Die Elektromagnete' wirken unabhängig voneinander aufThe device has at least as many electromagnets as there are lines are; between each line and a common point, e.g. B. the earth, is a magnet or several connected in series. The electromagnets act independently of one another

ao einen allen gemeinsamen beweglichen Teil, welcher die beabsichtigte Wirkung veranlaßt. Die Fig. 1 und 2 stellen zwei Formen der Vorrichtung zur Verwendung in Drehstromanlagen dar, die Fig. 3 eine Form für Einphasen-Wechselstromanlagen. ao a movable part common to all, which causes the intended effect. Figures 1 and 2 show two forms of device for use in three-phase systems Fig. 3 shows a form for single-phase alternating current systems.

Wie aus Fig. 1 ersichtlich, sind M¹, M² und M³ drei Elektromagnete, die in Sternschaltung an das Drehstromnetz 1, 2, 3 angeschlossen sind; der Nullpunkt der Sternschaltung ist bei T geerdet. Zwischen den Polschuhen der drei Magnete ist eine Scheibe D angeordnet, die sich um O dreht und mit einem Hebel H versehen ist, welcher den Kontakt C schließen und hierdurch mittels der Stromquelle B ein Relais R beliebiger Art in Tätigkeit setzen kann.As can be seen from FIG. 1, M ¹ , M ² and M ^{3 are} three electromagnets which are connected in a star connection to the three-phase network 1, 2, 3; the neutral point of the star connection is grounded at T. Between the pole pieces of the three magnets there is a disk D which rotates around O and is provided with a lever H which can close the contact C and thereby activate a relay R of any type by means of the power source B.

Wenn die drei Magnete nahe aneinander liegen, wird durch den Phasenunterschied der drei magnetischen Felder ein Drehfeld erzeugt. Wenn aber die Magnete über den Umfang der Scheibe D gleichmäßig verteilt sind und die Scheibe D groß genug oder, wie aus Fig. 1 ersichtlich, in geeigneter Weise in Teile geteilt ist, dann wird die Wirkung der drei Elektromagnete aufeinander zur Erzeugung eines Drehfeldes auf einen ganz niedrigen Wert gebracht, den man vernachlässigen kann. Das auf die Scheibe D ausgeübte Drehmoment ist daher fast gleich Null, mithin unabhängig von den Phasen der verschiedenen Ströme, welche durch die Elektromagnete fließen.When the three magnets are close to each other, the phase difference between the three magnetic fields creates a rotating field. If, however, the magnets are evenly distributed over the circumference of the disk D and the disk D is large enough or, as can be seen from FIG brought very low value that can be neglected. The torque exerted on the disk D is therefore almost zero, and therefore independent of the phases of the various currents flowing through the electromagnets.

Jeder von den drei Magneten kann also in diesem Falle ein von den anderen unabhängiges Drehmoment auf die Scheibe D ausüben, vorausgesetzt, daß er zu diesem Zweck geeignete Mittel besitzt. Es möge angenommen werden, daß jeder Elektromagnet ganz nahe dem Luftspalt mit einem unsymmetrisch angeordneten Drosselring α versehen ist, der bekanntlich in dem beweglichen Teil ein Drehmoment hervorruft. Each of the three magnets can in this case exert a torque on the disk D that is independent of the others, provided that it has suitable means for this purpose. It may be assumed that each electromagnet is provided very close to the air gap with an asymmetrically arranged throttle ring α , which, as is known, causes a torque in the moving part.

Das ganze . von den drei Magneten auf dieThe whole . from the three magnets to the

Claims

The torque exerted on washer D is equal to the sum of the three individual torques. This entire torque is balanced up to a certain limit by the weight P on the lever H , so that the contact C is only closed when the torque exceeds a certain value. This occurs when the voltage in one or more lines is increased in an impermissible manner.

to The sensitivity of the device can be regulated in such a way that it does not respond, when a line is grounded; the apparatus is then independent of such insulation losses, as they can occur in practical operations, so that it is not unnecessary comes into action.

In order to reduce the effect of the rotating field when using the apparatus for three-phase current. reduce, without having the diameter of the disk D excessively larger, a can of the currents as shown in FIG. 2 by two electromagnets M are directed ^2, which are arranged symmetrically and exercise in terms of generating a rotating field, an effect to that of the other two magnets M ¹ and M ^{3 are} opposite.

It is also possible just by changing the winding on one of the electromagnets (Passing the current through in the opposite direction) to bring the apparatus so that the effect of the rotating field is reduced to a third of their total value.

A similar arrangement can also be made for single-phase networks. For this case, the apparatus has two electromagnets M ¹ and M ² (FIG. 3), the connection point of which is connected to point T.

The point T does not need to have the potential of the earth; In general, the point T indicates the point between which and the center of the network a given potential difference should not be exceeded.

The movable part D of the apparatus can be designed in such a way that a rotation through a larger or smaller angle is required in order to close the contact C , so that the apparatus either only after a certain time or immediately the relay R 0. puts into action.

Instead of a disk, the movable part D can also consist of a drum or of parts of any other shape without affecting the characteristic features of the apparatus and the invention.

Pate ν t-An SPR υ CH:

Protection device against overvoltages in single or multi-phase AC systems, characterized in that between each line and a common point (z. B. earth) a in a known manner with Schinnpolen or similarly acting means provided electromagnet or several in Is connected in series, and these magnets, as well as the one influenced by them, are common to all movable part are arranged in such a way that the creation of a rotating field is prevented as far as possible, each magnet that is, independently of the others, exerts a torque on the moving part in the same sense, their total sum in normal condition of the lines balanced by an adjustable force (e.g. weight) is; but if the voltage of one or more lines is against the common Point (z. B. earth) exceeds a predetermined limit, grows so far that the movable part of its position changes and thereby brings about some kind of circuit.

1 sheet of drawings.