DE2327882A1 - SCAN CONVERSION DEVICE - Google Patents

Description

DiPL-ING .. KLAUS NEUBECKER

Patent attorney
4 Düsseldorf 1 - Sc hadow 9th place

Düsseldorf, May 30, 1973

Westinghouse Electric Corporation
Pittsburgh, Pa., V. St. A.

Ab tas t converter

The present invention relates generally to a scan conversion device, in particular to a device of this type which uses a rotating memory such as a magnetic disk is working.

When operating scanning devices, it would be desirable to have detected or to be able to display scanned information on a conventional display device such as a television monitor device. For example, sound or sonar information evaluated at a very low data rate is used for lateral observation generated and generally reproduced on a paper pen. To get the same information with the help of a television monitor device To be able to reproduce, it is necessary to include the back sonar signal as an image in an electronic scanning converter one line at a time. As a result of the relatively low speeds of the sonar assemblies at Driving through the water it can take several minutes before a complete picture has been put together, so that a record is made becomes a major problem with the aid of an electronic scan converter. For wider sonar

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Telegrams Custopat

3278ε ■

a variety of systems can be used, which; adoch the use of separate electron tube scanning converters requires.

These tube scan converters are also used for slow scan television systems which a television picture is transmitted at reduced data speed for reduced channel bandwidth. This system can can be used where a reduction in the number of images sent can be accepted, such as in the case of transmission stationary images or information relating to a slowly changing scene. For example, for a 60: 1 fold The difference between the slowly scanning television picture and the conventional television picture was a 60: 1 bandwidth compression achieved, but only broadcast one scene for every 60 scenes of the conventional television system. The in connection with this Structure used electron tube scanning conversion is complicated, and the recording of the recorded and read signal stops because of the drifting of the scan circles and the alignment Problem.

Another method of conversion is to do that slowly to write scanning television signals on a tube with a photoluminescent layer of fluorescent material. This procedure is insofar disadvantageous, as the beginning of the image begins to decrease in brightness when the end of the image is written.

A scan conversion device is characterized in accordance with the invention by a display device for displaying a plurality of information display lines in a display area, an arrangement for the delivery of a multiplicity of successive signals which are necessary for the information to be reproduced in the W output area are representative, a converter for converting the plurality of successive signals into corresponding playback signals,

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which each have one for playback as a playback line on the reproduction device extends a suitable period of time, a memory device for storing the playback signals in the memory device, as well as by a circuit for reading the stored playback signals and for forwarding them same to the display device in order to .als corresponding display lines to form a display image to be reproduced.

The storage device is preferably a rotating magnetic disk, which advantageously stores multiple tracks and is driven at predetermined speeds. The playback area can be a television screen displaying sonar or slow scan television data received in the form of a plurality of sequential signals should be played back without flickering.

The device can be a device for controlling a drive of the rotating magnetic disk, this device being based on a comparison of the occurrence of the plurality of successive Signals and the speed of the magnetic disc responds.

A detection system provides a multitude of consecutive Signals representative of a state on the reproducing device reproducing a plurality of lines of information is mapped. The system signals are converted into corresponding playback signals, each having a period of time; to have, which is compatible with the line time of the display device. The playback signals are stored on the storage device such as the ■ Magnetic disk stored, read out and forwarded to the playback device in the correct time allocation for playback.

As far as the detection system is a sonar system for lateral observation is, means are provided to move the reproduced information when the shift of the side observer Sonar system takes place through the water.

The invention is illustrated below with the aid of an exemplary embodiment explained in connection with the accompanying drawing. In the drawing show:

Fig. 1 is a block diagram generally illustrating the principle of scan conversion;

Fig. 2 is a view of an embodiment of a side observing sonar arrangement, as it can serve as the scanning system of FIG. 1;

Fig. 3 is a plan view of the side observing

Sonar arrangement of FIG. 2, with beam distribution on the starboard side;

Fig. 4 is a block diagram showing an embodiment Figure 8 shows the present invention relating to a sonar system;

FIG. 5 is a graph showing the various signal times in the structure of FIG. 4; FIG.

6 shows a sonar return signal and its compression or gathering in relation to time;

Fig. 7 is a block diagram showing an embodiment to the sampling pulses of the Fig. 5;

Figure 8 is a timing diagram illustrating the operation of Figure 7;

Fig. 9 shows a conventional television display device;

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FIGS. 10 and 11 show the course of curves as obtained when the reproduction of FIG. 9 is formed will;

Fig. 12 is a plan view of a magnetic disk with

their storage locations;

13 shows a section of the magnetic disk of

Fig. 12, which shows the relative storage of a particular signal;

Figs. 14A, 14B,

14C diagrams showing the storage of information at specific address locations on the magnetic disk of FIG. 12 for a typical one Let playback recognize;

Fig. 15 is a schematic plan view showing locomotion the laterally observing sonar array moving over a target reproduces;

16A-16G show the appearance of that illustrated in FIG Situation on a television screen;

FIG. 17 is a block diagram showing the structure of FIG.

4 illustrates in further detail;

Figs. 18A, 18B,

18C shows the target of FIG. 15 being displayed on the television screen corresponding to three different speed states of the Sonar systems;

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19 is a block diagram showing a possible correction for the state according to FIG. 18C reproduces;

Fig. 20 is a block diagram showing part of a

illustrates a typical sync generator that may be used therein;

Fig. 21 is a block diagram showing a drive arrangement for the magnetic disk;

Fig. 22 shows a magnetic disk with two recording tracks for storing reproducible data Information;

Figures 23A-23d illustrate the writing of information on a magnetic disk according to Fig. 22;

FIG. 24 is a block diagram of a slow scan television system as used in connection with FIG Magnetic disk of Fig. 22 is used; and

Fig. 25 is a block diagram of a typical application of the present invention for the transmission of information via conventional TS ef on lines.

In detail, Fig. 1, with which the principle used here Scan conversion is illustrated, a scan system 10 can recognize a plurality of sequential signals that Contain information and are to be presented on a screen or a display 12. The display 12 is of the Type in which a large number of lines of information are reproduced, with each line on the display in a specific line time is presented.

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To ensure that the system signals are compatible and displayed on display 12 at the correct line time can, a signal time converter 14 is provided, which is based on the Responds to system signals and can stretch or gather them over time, depending on whether the special system signals have a duration, which is shorter or longer than the playback 12 line time. System signals that are converted into corresponding playback signals arrive at a memory device 16, where they are recorded and then read to form a reproduction image.

Fig. 2 shows one of the many uses of the present invention Invention, the use here being in the field of lateral sonar observation, albeit the invention for different ones Sonar systems can be used. Watching sideways Sonar transducers attached to a carrier container send impulses acoustically. Energy in a certain distribution so that the sound energy hits the bottom 22 and scans or sweeps elongated narrow strips of sound 24 and 25 from starboard and port transducers, respectively be generated. Reflected acoustic energy with the ground or targels on the ground of the information in question captured by receiving transducers, then processed and played back. The carrier container 20 is by means of a ship 27 and a cable 28 is drawn, and as it continues along a certain course, the plurality becomes more successive emitted acoustic signals, so that, as shown in the plan view of FIG. 3, a plurality of adjacent areas 30, 31, 32 on the ground. Although not shown is, in any case, the corresponding floor strips on the port side of the carrier container would normally be the same Way to be sonicated. Each return signal contains information and overall, the return signals are representative of a sound image of the target area over which the arrangement has moved will.

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For various processes it would be desirable to use the return signals, representative of the target information on a to be able to display conventional television monitor devices. With the help of the present invention it is possible to perform such a function to realize, for which reference is made to FIG. 4.

Thereafter, a sonor system 35 delivers a plurality via a line 36 successive return signals for a state which is to be displayed on a display device in the form of a television screen 39. With the Assumption that the sonar system 35 is observing laterally, the Return or echo signals received from the target area, each via a separate line to the television screen 39, but their duration far exceeds the time required to scan a television line. Accordingly, each sonar return signal is used for playback gathered as a television line. "

The gathering of the signals appearing on line 36 can be done in various ways. 4 shows a preferred option for gathering with the help of an analog / digital converter (A / D converter) 41, a shift register 43 and a digital / Analog converter (D / A converter) 45. If the correct signals come from a timer / control circuit 49, the A / D converter 41 samples in connection with sample / hold circuits with a given sampling rate every sonar signal that is fed to it in order to convert it into digital form. The digital data will then passed on to the shift register 43 bit by bit. For example, turns each blanking signal into an equivalent 6 bit digital signal converted, six parallel shift registers could accordingly be provided which hold the digital information move on at the scanning speed. The stored signal is then, as specified by the timer / control circuit 49, at a speed which is much greater than the scanning speed and is chosen so that the resulting signal has read a length of time suitable for single-line reproduction. The signal from the slide

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register 43 is converted back into analog form by means of the D / A converter and then saved for future playback.

The storage device is preferably designed as a magnetic disk, as is well known in the art of recording television signals for later reproduction. The basic designs for disk and drive have been developed to such an extent that signal recording is ensured from the mechanical side and the construction costs can be kept relatively low. It should be noted that several a hundred tracks of information can be recorded on one disk.

The sonar signals, each having a length of time that is for a Television line display is too large, the analog / digital converter will be used 41 supplied and left the D / A converter 45 as playback signals, the duration of which is the same or essentially the same as the time for the reproduction of a television line or line of sight. "

Before being stored on the magnetic disk 53, the playback signals treated in a signal shaper 56, which may contain, for example, preamplifiers, limiters, modulators, filters, etc.

The signals recorded on the magnetic disk 53 are then fed to the television screen 39 via a further signal shaper 58, which can also contain circuits such as preamplifiers, limiters, demodulators, filters, etc.

Since the playback signals are presented on the television screen 39 are to be, certain synchronization and blanking signals must be can be provided to complete the television signal. In the illustrated embodiment, these signals provided by the synchronization generator 62, and they can be combined with the playback signals in the signal shaper 58 will.

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Every time a sonar broadcast takes place, this information is passed to the timer / control circuit 49 as a sonar pulse. In the embodiment with the moving in the image window Playback, as will be described, the timer / control circuit 49 provides the output of the synchronizing generator 62 depending on the transmitted or transmitted pulses.

FIG. 5 shows, for example, a timing diagram for various variables that occur when the circuit according to FIG. 4 is operated appear. For example, assume that the pulse repetition frequency (PRF) is 3 Hz. Figure 5 shows a first sonar pulse at time zero, and the next pulse 333.33 ms later. At some predictable point in time after the transmission, a significant one becomes Sonar return signal received. Blanking pulses are continuous is supplied at a predetermined frequency, and for each blanking pulse during the blanking period, the amplitude of the The sonic return signal is converted into a digital signal by the A / D converter 41 and transferred as such to the shift register 43 (see Fig. 1) passed on. Assuming that the disk rotates at a constant speed of 1800 rpm, FIG. 5 shows that all. 33.3 ms a full revolution takes place and after 10 revolutions the gathered signal, which is to be reproduced below, is activated at a specific point on the magnetic disk at a time before the next sonar pulse.

Fig. 6 shows the sonar return and the gathered signal etx ^ as going in more detail. At time T _Q , an acoustic pulse is emitted by the sonar system, and at a predictable, later time T ^, the reception of the return signal representative of the target information begins, which is received up to time: T, depending on the configuration .of the system. During the time interval from T ₁ to T ₀ , the sonar return signal is sampled with the sampling or blanking frequency entered into the shift register. At time T ₃ , the slide ™

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register with. read at a rate so that the entire Sonar signal of the magnetic disk 'offered in the time interval T_ - T ^ will.

An arrangement for obtaining the blanking pulses is shown in FIG. For example, assume that each sonar return signal 512 χ is to be blanked. The sonar pulse display is fed to a delay circuit 66, which emits an output signal to the S input of a flip-flop 67 after a predetermined time delay £. The flip-flop 67 provides an output signal when a signal is supplied to the S input, but remains without an output signal when a signal is supplied to the R input. The output of the delay circuit 66 therefore causes the flip-flop to emit an output signal in order to start the oscillator 69, which then emits the load pulses. Each output pulse of the oscillator 69 simultaneously feeds a counter 71 which emits an output signal when its count reaches the value 512, so that the flip-flop 67 blocks and the oscillator 69 stops emitting pulses. The counter 71 then returns to its original position. The lateral assignment for this process is shown with the diagram of FIG.

A sonar transmission pulse occurs at time T _Q. The effect of this pulse is delayed from time T_ to time T «, and _{the shift register is loaded from time T ^ to time T 2} , with time T ^ to T _{2 representing} the output signal of flip-flop 67. The delay can be modified or canceled for various processes, so that the gating of the sonar return signal takes place _{during the dead time T Q} to T _1.

Since the playback signals are fed to a television monitor device the operation of a conventional television display will be briefly examined. With a cathode ray television tube the electron beam scans the image or the display area in

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repeating intervals, so that a series of frames emerge, whereby the repetition frequency of successive images creates the apparent continuity of a moving scene certainly. This frequency is known as the frame rate. Most practically designed television systems make of one linear scanning use started by placing at the top of the tube and successive lines are followed until the bottom or bottom of the image has been reached, whereupon the Beam returns to the top and the process is repeated. To reduce flicker, interlaced scanning is normally used, with two scanning fields for each frame be generated. Depending on the system circuit design and the desired resolution, any number of scan lines can be selected, and, for example, the present invention will be described in connection with a television system employing 525 lines each Full screen works, with 489 of these lines actually being displayed. The remaining 36 lines are used to return the Beam from the bottom of the screen to the top. With an interlace ratio of 2: 1, there will be 18 lines for each field or Field return evaluated. With a reproduction of 4 89 lines per full image, 244.5 lines are reproduced per partial image, as illustrated in FIG.

If you were to look at the screen and look at a single image, so the first line is actually a half line at the top, the second line is the first one that runs across the screen Line, and the lines would continue in numerical order until the last line 490, which is practically a half-line is. The image line numbers are given under the heading Playback Line No. The full picture, however, is made up of two interlocking Partial images built up; In Fig. 9, the dashed lines are the lines of the odd field, while the solid lines Lines are the lines of the straight sub-image. The sub-picture line numbers are listed under the heading Partial picture line no. The first line to be written is line number 1

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of the odd field. The second written line is line no. 2 of the even partial image, which is the third line in itself of the overall picture is. After the 245th line of the field has been written, corresponding to the 489th line of the total image, the beam is returned to the top of the screen to initiate rendering of the even field. The return time requires 18 line periods for the example shown, see above that the first line reproduced in the even field bears the number 264. Again, line no. 264 in itself is the second Line of the overall picture. The last line of the even field, namely line 508, is equivalent to frame line 49ο, and the rest, the 525 line rendering, is used for vertical rewind needed.

The reproduction according to FIG. 9 can be realized with the aid of the curves according to FIGS. 10 and 11. 10 shows the sawtooth signal for the horizontal scan, which acts on the deflection plates or deflection coils of the cathode ray tube and causes the electron beam to pass over the image surface of the tube in order to then quickly return it. For the section 74 of the horizontal scan, the cathode ray thus travels across the screen in 55 /, s , and then quickly returns in 8.5 / ^ s corresponding to the section 75. The horizontal synchronizing pulses are used to trigger the individual saw number pulses, and each pulse is reproduced coincident with the vertex of the saw number signal. Information can be reproduced during portion 74 of the entire 63.5 yic ^s period, and the horizontal blanking pulses include a period beginning just before retrace portion 75 and ending shortly thereafter. During the occurrence of the horizontal blanking pulses, the cathode ray is blanked for 10 ^ s, for example, so that no information is written on the screen, while the non blanking section with a _{duration of 53 t} S / is is the actual line playback time »

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In Fig. 11, the vertical scanning signal is shown which is a lot is longer in duration than the horizontal scan signal and during portion 78 of the scanning beam across the screen is moved down to then returned to the top of the screen during section 79 to become. As was already the case for FIG. 10, the vertical synchronizing pulses occur coincident with the vertex of the Sawtooth signal and the vertical blanking pulses that blanket the beam during vertical retrace a period before and after the rewind section.

When the vertical sync and blanking pulses are so controlled will occur at some point before their normal appearance, such as the one with the dashed sections of these signals is indicated, they act to the effect that the vertical scanning signal at a correspondingly earlier point in time is triggered, as indicated by the dashed area of this signal. The purpose of this procedure is as follows discussed in connection with Figs. 14A-C.

In the present invention, each sonar signal is mapped to a equivalent line display time squeezed together, for example is about 53.5 ^ s, and then on a magnetic disk stored at a specific address or location. As the disk spins, the information contained in the storage locations read out and displayed on the television monitor device. An example of a typical disk and the locations is with Fig. 12 illustrates.

The disk 90 has a recording track T for recording the playback signals. Each playback signal is recorded at a specific point on the track, and these points are referred to here as sections and are provided with a section number with the prefix S. Accordingly, 525 cutout points SI - S525 are provided for a television system with 525 lines.

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A magnetic read / write head H is mounted above track T, to read information in or out when the plate 90 rotates in the direction of the arrow at a constant speed of 1800 rpm.

The detail numbers correspond to the field line numbers of Fig. 9, and the corresponding "playback lines" are placed in these cutout locations inscribed, the corresponding playback lines are each provided with a number, to which the letter • L is prefixed. According to Fig. 9, the iiieder would give line 1 inscribed in the first clipping point, the playback line 3 inscribed in the second cut-out position, ... and the X'Jiedergabelinie 525 v / ird is written in the cut-out position 263. The immediately adjacent cutout point 264 contains the second playback line, the cutout 265 contains the fourth playback line ... and the section 525 contains the 524th playback line. With one complete revolution of the plate 90, with the read / write head H connected as a read head, the odd partial image is displayed, starting with line 1, and after the vertical blanking period, the even field starting with line 2 is displayed; after the second the process is repeated in the vertical blanking period.

At the specified speed, a cut-out takes place, such as which is shown in Fig. 13, the equivalent of 63.5 / ^ s a 'inside at this cut-out point becomes the playback signal 93 in FM form recorded, taking an equivalent of about 53.5 ^ s and 10 / £ s remain for blanking and rewind.

14A shows the circular arc-shaped section in linear form and the course of the lines on the plate 90 of FIG. 12. The number of lines is the top row of numbers labeled L, while the numbers immediately below are labeled S Cutout numbers are. As mentioned, one full cycle results in the If the read / write head H is connected as a read head, a reproduction according to FIG. 9 is displayed.

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give odd field in the middle of line 1 to then for To last 244.5 lines up to line 491. The vertical blanking takes place for a period of 18 lines, whereupon the 244.5 lines of the straight partial image are reproduced, starting with line 2 and ending in the middle of line 490. The "straight" vertical blanking for 18 lines then brings the system back to its initial starting point. Of the Curve section 95 illustrates the vertical scan with respect to the reproduced partial images.

When the sonar device observing from the side runs over a target, an observer should see an image on the television screen that moves as if it were pointing to the direction of movement the arrangement would look. In Fig. 15, a ship 99 is in one Location P1 shown. Fig. 15 shows a modified embodiment, in which the side-viewing sonar assembly is guided by a ship which also has a television screen 100. if As the ship 99 continues to move to position P2, the sonicated area 102 moves over a target 104. The present invention makes it possible to move the reproduced information on the screen to the same extent as the arrangement over a target area is moved on. For the situation shown in FIG. 15, the television screen 100 accordingly images the target 104 as which is indicated in the intermediate images A-G of FIG. One possibility, such a playback with a moving image window To accomplish this, is to overrun the sync and lead the vertical sync pulse by one line time as previously described in connection with FIG. For example, referring again to FIG. 14A - Assume that no information was recorded in any of the sections and therefore no significant information is presented on the television screen. The first and second sonar return signals, which have been converted into playback signals are stored in the sections 263 and 525, respectively. When the sync pulse is advanced by one line time, like that with the

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Arrow 107 is indicated, so the in the special cut-out places information contained therein is represented in the form of the corresponding lines as shown in Fig. 14B. In other words ~ th information previously stored in the unobserved section 263 is now reproduced as line 2 according to FIG. 14B, and information stored in the excerpt 525 that was previously disregarded appears as line 1, more precisely as one Half of line 1. The second and third rewinds converted to playback signals are stored in cutout locations 262 and 524, respectively. If the synchronization pulse is passed over by a further line time, as indicated by arrow 108, this results the situation shown with FIG. 14C, where the initial information received and stored in section 263 is now shown as line 4 is reproduced, the second piece of information in the excerpt 525 now appears as line 3, information in section 262 appears as line 2 and the information in section 524 as Line 1 appears. By continuing this process of skipping or advancing the synchronization pulse after every two returns, When the display picture moves down the screen, as illustrated in FIG.

The realization of this recording, reproducing and moving process can take place in different ways, FIG. 17 showing one possible embodiment. To make sure of a synchronized workflow contains the disk preferably synchronization information in the form of synchronization pulses. Accordingly, the disk 110 has a first clock track CT1 which has an output signal for each revolution of the disk provides a second clock track CT2, which provides an output signal for each cut-out position supplies, as well as a third clock track CT3 which supplies clock pulses for reading out the shift register, these clock pulses in addition to generating the synchronization signals to serve. To make it easier to understand, these clock tracks are reproduced as individual tracks, but it goes without saying that the

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Information could also be accommodated in a single track, with a certain number of clock pulses of a clipping point it speaks and a certain number of cut-out positions in one circulation is equivalent to. The clock tracks are read by assigned reading heads 113, 114 and 115. In the described embodiment the plate rotates 10 revolutions when a sonar pulse occurs until a return signal is written (cf. z. B. Fig. 5). Accordingly, a sonar pulse display in of line 118 is used to reset a counter 120 which receives a signal from read head 113 for each rotation of disk 110 receives and outputs an output signal to the line 121 when the count 10 has been reached.

The counter 124 receives the signals from the reading head 114 and outputs depending on this, a single output signal via the output line 125, which is representative of the special cutout count. It should be noted that among that used here The term "line" means one or more signal-carrying wires are. At the beginning of each disk revolution, the counter 124 reset by means of a signal on line 127.

The actual or actual cut-out position is searched for with a or target cut-out location in which information is to be recorded and if the two cut-out locations are compared are the same and the correct number of disk revolutions has taken place, the information can be written to the disk take place at the correct cut-out stand. To this end a comparator 130 is provided which displays the actual section via line 125 from counter 124 and a target section display is received via the line 133 from an encoder 134 so as to provide a preparation or opening output signal via the line 136 to be submitted if the two values are identical »

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A gate such as AND gate 139 receives one input the indication that the two cut-out parts are identical, via its other input the display that the correct rotation has been reached, a preparation or opening output signal to be delivered via line 14o. This preparation signal can be used as a write command for the signal shaper 143, also for. preparation of the AND gate 145 are used so that-the dem AND gates from the read head 115 supplied clock pulses can pass. These clock pulses pass through an OR gate 148 and serve to shift the information from the shift registers, whereupon a conversion takes place by means of the D / A converter 153, the the clock pulses also received via a line 155. Since the signal shaper 143 receives a write command, the analog information can then be written into the track T by means of a write head 157.

After the occurrence of the, immediately next excerpt, that is Output signal of the counter 124 of the nominal section display of Line 133 is no longer the same, and the preparation signal of the Line 136 disappears. After blocking AND gate 139 the write command disappears, so that no further information is shifted from the shift registers 150. The print head 157, however, supplies signals "which represent the information stored in the track T" to a signal shaper 160 which Output signal of the disk combined with the synchronization information, so as to output a television signal to the television screen 163 .

When the next sonar return is received, it will be too to the A / D converter 166 via line 167, the also receives the blanking pulses of FIG. 7, in the same way Way, like shift registers 150 through OR gate 148 to store a new flyback signal.

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Each sonar return signal is sent to a different clipping point as specified by the coding device 134. One way of playing back with moving Realizing image windows, as previously examined, consists therein, the first two return signals in excerpts 263 or 525 to write the next two return signals in sections 262 or 524 etc. This can be done with the help of the counter 178 and 179, each responding to counter input signals, to then in turn via appropriate output lines 182 or 183 signals to emit, the number of counted input signals are representative. Both counters can count up to 525, but a reset signal supplied via the line 185 at the start of the work processes sets the counter 178 to the number 264 and the counter 179 to the number 1. The reset signal also sets the flip-flop 189 returns so that it is after receiving a first sonar pulse to an output signal via line 191 outputs the counter 178 and, after receiving the next sonar pulse, provides an output signal via the line 192 to the counter 179. The output signals are then exchanged between these two lines, with subsequent input signals for the Flip-flop 189. The first sonar pulse therefore triggers the counter 178 to the next count below 264, so that the counter 178 supplies the number 263 in order to prepare the gate 193. The Prep Gate 193 is prepared by means of a preparation signal on line 191, and OR gate 196 supplies this number to the comparator 130 as the desired or desired "cut-out location. The Sonar return signal is then written into this cutout location, as previously explained. The next sonar return signal must be inscribed in cutout 525. When the next sonar pulse is received, line 192 delivers the output to counter 179 which takes its next count 525. This count is made by the preparation gate 19 8, which was prepared via line 192, and via the OR gate 196 routed to then the comparator 130 as the actual cutout point to be performed.

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The counters continue to count down until the last number in the sequence has been reached, whereupon the counting sequence is repeated.

Starting with the first input signal for the counters, the counting sequence is as shown in the following tables:

Counters 178 counters

263 525

262 524

261 523

3,265

2 '264

1 263

525 262

524 261

523 260

266 3

265 2

264 1.

Since the vertical synchronization has advanced by one line time after two inputs have been made, this indication can be obtained on line 192 to provide the sync shift signal the line 200 to receive.

When the sonar device over the activity area at a certain speed is moved away, the target appears geometrically perfect on the screen with the moving image window, as shown in Fig. 18A. If the speed is slower and the pulse repetition frequency remains the same, the result is a larger number of return signals for the same area and thus a distorted picture according to FIG. 18B. Is the speed analogous faster than in Fig. 18A, only fewer return igni-

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le received. As a result, information is missing and the target appears likewise - according to the illustration in FIG. 18C - distorted.

The invention therefore provides devices for this geometric Distortions or deviations due to fluctuations in speed to be eliminated or at least reduced in the target area.

According to FIG. 17, this can be done with the aid of a pulse selector, which transmits the individual sonar pulses via a line 206 receives and emits a preparation signal to a preparation gate 209 via a line 207 as follows: Let it be, for example Assume that the sonar speed is selected to provide a normal image as shown in Fig. 18A. In this case the pulse selector 204 emits an output signal for each pulse input, which via the gate 209 and via an OR gate 212 is passed to as a sonar signal on line 118 to appear.

If the arrangement is moved too slowly, certain Return signals not written and reproduced. Accordingly If the setting is correct, the pulse selector 204 delivers a preparation signal via a line 207 only when a certain number of pulses has occurred in the line 206, so that the sonar pulses of the line 118 only ever in one assignment one pulse among two pulses, one pulse among three pulses, seven pulses among twelve pulses or another suitable ratio can be obtained.

As indicated, the pulse selection can be done manually or automatically in accordance with the actual speed of the arrangement in Connection to a speed display signal fed via a line 217 be made.

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If the arrangement moves forward too quickly / then the image must contain information may be added to prevent the distortion shown in Fig. 18C. This information can be obtained in good approximation from information previously written, and in such a manner of operation the pulse selector 204 delivers a plurality of pulses on line 218 for each input pulse received on line 206. This plurality of impulses then appear on the line 118 as sonar pulses, as if they were directly from the line 206 would have been obtained. To rewrite the previously received target information, the pulse of the line 218 is additionally used to cycle the shift registers, as shown in FIG. Fig. 19 shows the A / D converter which Shift register and the D / A-fßiSikgSK converter from the lower area of Fig. 17. If there is to be the possibility, information again or write back, then gates can be added to hold the information as it is output from the shift register in order to then feed them back into the shift register. · For example the output of the shift register is passed through an AND gate 220, the output of which is passed to the OR gate 221. For normal operation is the signal for circulating operation of the shift register is not delivered to the AND gate and the arrangement operates in the manner previously described. When an output signal is on the line 218 of FIG. 17 is output, the AND gate 220 is prepared and the information is not only output to the D / A converter in order to subsequently to be recorded on the disk, but it is also passed to the input of the shift register to be re-recorded To be read out if all conditions for writing are met.

The synchronizing generator 62 of FIG. 4 can have the usual structure in which a series of counters are used to generate the synchronizing and to provide blanking signals. Fig. 20 shows part of the generator with a counting circuit 224 which normally operates on Pulse input signals on line 225 responds to then in turn output signals to the vertical synchronizing circuit 227 and the dark control circuit 228 to deliver. Similar circuitry can be used for the

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horizontal synchronization and dark key signals can be provided. To ensure synchronism with the information on the rotating disk, the input pulses of the counting circuit 22'4 are preferably derived from a clock track provided on the disk. The advance synchronization circuit 2 30 is provided to provide the counting circuit 224 with an additional counting pulse precisely at that time at which the advanced state of Fig. 11 must be reached. This pulse, which can be time-adjusted, is depending on the advance sync signal (Fig. 17) added, in connection with information relating to rotation and Cutout Counting. A similar structure can be used for the reproduction of port sonar information, where only the horizontal scanning is reversed.

While it is possible to provide a track on the disk to trigger the sonar system, this is the sonar pulse repetition rate preferably the controlling factor in driving the disk. Fig.21 shows a structure in which the sonar pulse repetition frequency compared with the disk rotation frequency and any deviation is used to correct the disk speed. A phase comparator 233 receives as an input signal each sonar pulse from the sonar system 234. Another input signal is fed through a scaler 236 which generates an output signal after a a certain number of disk revolutions. In this example, each sonar pulse corresponds to 10 plate revolutions. if the sonar pulse at the same instant as the 10th. Rotation occurs, then an amplifier 238 does not provide a corrective output to correct the speed of a motor 2 40 driving the plate 242. If the speed differs from the Setpoint speed, the resultant of the phase signals fed to the phase comparator 233 delivers an error signal to the amplifier 238 to correct the condition.

Fig. 12 shows a disc with a single information storage track shown for television playback, the speed of which was 1800 rpm. There are a number of other track arrangements and

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Speeds possible, such a different arrangement with Fig. is illustrated.

The disk designated here with 248 can rotate at a speed of 3600 rpm and contains two information tracks T- and T- for recording the playback signals. All lines of the even partial image can be recorded in cutout locations in track T-, while all lines belonging to the odd partial image can be recorded _{in cutout locations on track T 2.} Some of the lines associated with the even field are shown around head 250, and some of the lines associated with the odd field are shown around a head 252, and since the total number of lines 525 is odd, one half of the line L1 is in FIG the track T ^ and the other half in the track T ₂ . This arrangement can be used not only in connection with sonar systems, but also with other information generating systems. For example, in the arrangement according to FIG. 2, the carrier container 20 can also carry television observation equipment with it in addition to the sonar device. In order to be able to send the television images over the cable 28 to the ship 27 for evaluation, it is necessary to work with a cable 28 of a special design which meets the bandwidth requirements for such a signal. In cases where the cable is extremely long, its cost becomes prohibitively high. However, a slow scanning television system can be used in conjunction with the normal train cable, although the information frequency is lower. A typical slow scan television camera is non-interlaced and produces about four camera scan lines during a time that the platen 248 of FIG. 22 is making one revolution. Accordingly, as indicated by FIG. 23A, four write heads 1-4 are provided, with heads 1 and 3 writing in track T ^, while heads 2 and 4, which are offset by 90 ° with respect to heads 1 and 3, write in track T. ₂ write. If all the information required for playback is recorded in the cut-out locations or during the recording process.

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has been drawn, the head 1 and a further head 5 can alternately read the tracks assigned to them.

In Fig. 23A, the head 1 is drawn dark to indicate that he writes in a certain cut-out place. An arrow 254 serves as a reference mark for comparison with the following 23B, where the head 22 is shown dark to indicate that it is writing in the next cutout position that is on the opposite track is a quarter turn plus half a cutout distance further. The next piece of information is written - see Fig. 23C - through the head 3, the arrow 254 by a further 90 ° plus a further half the cutout distance has moved on. Referring to Fig. 22, it is assumed that the head corresponding to head 1 of Fig. 23A Inscribe 250 line 2 information in the correct clipping site. After writing in the information, the beginning of the line 2-cut-out point has moved on by 90 ° in the direction of the arrow, and half a section later the line is written through head 2 etc.

Fig. 24 shows an embodiment of a slow scan Television system. The one equipped with two tracks and one with 3600 The rotating disk is not shown, but would contain two clock tracks, like the one in connection with the disk of the Fig. 17 has been described. Clock pulses from a clock track appear on line 260 during for each half-pane rotation representative pulses appear on line 261 and, for each revolution of the plate, representative pulses appear on line 262.

The slowly scanning television signal appears on a line 264 and is conducted via a line 265 to the A / D converter 267, its digital output signal with one through the output of the oscillator 271 reaches the shift register 269 at a certain speed.

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The stored signal is increased by the clock pulses Gathered certain readout speed and after conversion into the analog form in the D / A converter 273 and then Pass through the waveform shaper 275 (where it is combined with sync and blanking information from generator 277) accordingly Power amplifiers fed to heads 1-4. These Power amplifiers are sequentially activated as described in connection with FIGS. 23A-23D by means of a preparation signal from AND gates 283-286 activated. These AND gates are sequentially prepared by the output signal of the ring counter 289, the depending on each new slowly scanning television line successively, a preparation signal is sent via one of its outputs lines 29 2 - 29 5 gives off.

As the slow scanning television signal on line 264 sync signals contains information about the occurrence of the individual lines by separating the synchronization signal by means of of the synchronizing separator 29 8 can be obtained, which has a signal H on a line 300 at the beginning of each new line and a signal V in a line 302 at the beginning of each new field. With slow scanning, each television line can be used for each new picture be saved in exactly the same cutout location. The arrangement for determining the cutout position has a counter 305, an encoder 307 and a comparator 309. The V signal the line 302 is used to reset the counter 305, the coding device 307 and the ring counter 289. Each new one, slowly The scanning television line is indicated by the Η signal on the line 300, and the counter 305 counts these signals for information about this to be supplied to the coding device 307, which supplies a single cut-out location designation to the comparator 309. Of the the other input of the comparator is an indication of the actual cut-out position with half-section accuracy, which is supplied by the counter 112, which can be reset every time by the output of the OR gate 113 is when the platter makes a full revolution, or every time a new V signal is supplied.

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If the actual position is the same as the target position, the delivers Comparator 309 an output on line 316 to the AND gate 2 83-286 and controls the generator 277 via the line 318 so that it sends the necessary signals to the Signal conditioner 275 supplies.

The generator 277 provides these signals in response to the H and V information of the slow scanning television sync signals and the disk rotation, so that not only the desired information signal, but also the desired synchronizing signals are stored at a specific cutout position for reading will.

If the minds are not prepared to write, they are connected as read heads. In the illustrated embodiment however, only two of the heads, namely heads 1 and 5, perform this reading function. The output signal from head 1 becomes is fed to a read preamplifier 322, and the output signal of the head 5 is fed to a read preamplifier 323. There a If the partial image is stored in one track and the other partial image is stored in the other track, the first track can be stored in its entirety in one Revolution and then the second track can be read in its entirety in one revolution. The alternate choice of the head 1 or of the head 5 takes place through a selector 225 ', which alternately sends the signal from the read preamplifier 322 and 32 3 to its output 327 conducts, in each case as a function of one revolution of the disk, as is indicated for the line 262. The one to be reproduced Signal is processed by signal shaper 330 and fed to television screen 332.

For many processes it could also be desirable to be able to look at a picture that was already in the past. With regard to there is provided a memory system 335 which receives and stores the television signals so that they can be accessed by an operator operated selector 337 can be called up. The storage system 335 may contain an additional magnetic disk array if desired, or the signals can be stored in free tracks on the same disk.

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The present invention also enables transmission high quality images over reduced bandwidth channels. Fig. 25 shows an arrangement in which information is slowly entrained Moving scene or images of this kind can be transmitted over conventional telephone lines Telephone lines are transmitted by means of a facsimile machine, however, the resolution of the received images would in no way be transmitted come close to the resolution of the present invention, which makes the invention particularly valuable in the medical field, for example for the diagnosis of transmitted x-ray images or in the industrial sector for the transmission of precise image information.

At the end of the transmission, a conventional television camera 350 observes the information to be transmitted, but delivers video signals, that cannot be picked up by conventional telephone lines. The video signals are therefore in a down converter 352 so extended in time that they are, for example, equal to a slowly scanning television signal. The down converter can do the The converter described here will be the same by placing each video line signal in a separate clipping point on a magnetic disk recorded and then each section can be read into an A / D converter, where the signal can then - in several shift registers is stored and read out at a slow speed suitable for telephone transmission. The signal shaper 355 prepares the signal for transmission and feeds it to an acoustic coupler 357. Such couplers are well known and are sometimes referred to as modems (short for modulator / demodulator). The sending telephone set 360 sends the signal via the telephone exchange stage to a receiving telephone set 362, where the signal passes through an acoustic coupler 354 is converted and fed to the signal shaper 366. The rest of the construction of the receiver part is the same as in FIG. 1 and includes a signal time converter 368 that converts the received signal so that it can be accommodated in a memory 370, such as a magnetic disk, from which it can be forwarded to a playback 372.

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preferably a conventional television monitor device, passed on will.

In the event that a slowly scanning television camera 374 is used for the transmitting section, its output signals can be immediate fed into the signal shaper 357, since a down conversion is then not required.

Patent claims:

3 0 9851 / 042A

Claims (1)

Patent claims: 1.) Scanning conversion device, characterized by a reproduction device to reproduce a plurality of information. Playback lines in a playback device, an arrangement for Output of a plurality of successive signals which are representative of the information to be reproduced on the reproduction area are, a converter for converting the multitude of Subsequent signals into corresponding playback signals, each of which has one for playback as a playback "line on the playback device extend a suitable period of time, a memory device for storing the playback signals in the memory device, as well as by a circuit for reading the stored playback signals and for forwarding them the same to the playback device in order to be displayed as corresponding playback lines with the formation of a Playback picture to be played back. 2. Conversion device according to claim!, Characterized in that that the storage device has a rotating magnetic storage medium and that the playback signals accordingly the rotation of the magnetic storage medium can be stored and read. 3. Conversion device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that that the display device has a television screen, in which of blanked and not blanked Dividing a television playback line is made use of. 4. Conversion device according to claim 3, characterized in that that the time period is approximately equal to the non-blanked part of the television display line. = Arrangement according to one or more of claims 1 - 4, characterized by means for selectively moving the displayed image relative to the display area. 309851/0424 6. Conversion device according to one or more of the claims 2-5, characterized by a device for driving the rotating magnetic storage medium and a device / the to a comparison of the occurrence of the plurality of successive signals and the rotational speed of the storage medium responds to control the drive device. 7. Arrangement for reproducing a variety of sonar return signals, in particular according to one or more of claims 1-6, characterized by a television monitor device with a television screen, a device for temporal compression or Gathering of the signals, a rotating magnetic storage device for storing the gathered signals, a device to store the temporal gathered signals in predetermined memory locations to introduce the magnetic storage device as it rotates, a device for reading the time-gathered signals from the storage locations of the storage device when it is rotated, a device for supplying synchronization and Blanking signals for use by the television monitor device as well as by a device for transferring the read time-gathered signals to the television monitor device for Playback as corresponding television lines. 8. conversion device according to claim 7, characterized-characterized, that the device for gathering a device for blanking and storing the signals at a first speed and means for extracting the stored signals at a second rate greater than that first speed, the second speed having a value such that a withdrawn stored Signal has a duration substantially equal to the duration of a reproduced television line. 9. Conversion device according to claim 7 or 8, characterized by means for the premature advance of a vertical scan of the television monitor device, so that previously in a 309851/0424 television lines located in the vertical blanking period will. 10. Umwandlungseinrichtung according to claim 9, characterized in that that the means for advancing the vertical scan prematurely upon receipt of a predetermined number of sonar return signals can take effect. 11. Umwandlungseinrichtung according to claim 7, characterized by a device for moving the reproduced information in relation to the television screen. 12. Conversion device according to claim 7, characterized by a device to only give predetermined ones of the return signals to save. 13. Umwandlungseinrichtung according to claim 1 for playback slowly scanning television signals on a conventional television monitor device, characterized in that the converter is a device for the temporal gathering of the signals that the Storage device is a rotating magnetic storage medium with a plurality of storage tracks that the arrangement further having a plurality of write heads associated with the storage tracks for entering the storage medium as it rotates To write information by a device for successive Activation of the write heads to record successive, time-gathered signals in the plurality of memory tracks and by means for reading the information stored in the plurality of memory tracks and to pass this information on to the television monitor device for playback. KN / sm / sg 3 309851/0424