DE2307196A1 - PRE-FABRICATED SILO PLANT ESPECIALLY SUITABLE AS POISON DEPOSIT - Google Patents

Description

Description with patent claim and images: FERTIGEAU - SILO SYSTEM Particularly suitable as a toxic waste dump.

I. Task.

1. According to the Waste Disposal Act of the Federal Republic of Germany of June 11, 1973, the public bodies responsible under state law Right to dispose of the waste generated in their area; they can, however exclude such waste from disposal according to its type or quantity cannot dispose of with household waste.

The problem thus remains in the practice of municipal waste disposal still unsolved where and how those environmentally harmful industrial waste is disposed of should not be used for any other purpose and not at reasonable cost can be detoxified. This part of the industrial waste, to the exclusion of the liquid and gaseous waste, is hereinafter referred to as toxic waste and Understood.

3. It is the task to solve where and how this toxic waste at least environmentally neutral, at reasonable costs, separated by type and generally categorized can be deposited.

II. State of the art.

1. It is an open secret in professional circles that Tajsende annually of tons of toxic waste in an environmentally hazardous manner on rubbish dumps, in quarrying ponds and Gravel pits disappear; not least because it applies to the majority of the so-called There are hardly any opportunities for owners of toxic waste to dispose of this toxic waste in an orderly manner or have it eliminated.

2. According to press reports for the past six months, apparently there is the only way to get rid of toxic waste such as B. cyanide and fieylliamoxid waste in dumping it in barrels in the sea or in old mines accommodate.

3. In technical terms, reference is made to: "Investigation about the future waste disposal in the Ruhr area "A report of the au & kunfts- and counseling center Mull (abbr .: ABM) of the settlement association Ruhrkohlen district (abbr .: SVR), published in 1971.

In this 71-page, very comprehensive and very detailed study the current state and the expected development becomes the topic of toxic waste only carried out: a. On page 11; that from the chemical industry in terms of that The least amount of information is available that one per employee of the The chemical industry can expect approx. 15-20 m3 of waste per year, and that here "Hazardous waste" are not taken into account.

b. On page 37; that under "commercial and industrial waste (inert Proportion) "those waste materials are to be understood as production waste and residues occur in an inert form and not together with household and household waste Commercial waste is removed that this from the commercial Economy to be eliminated and that exact numbers are not available.

c. On page 51; that are understood by "inert amounts of waste Construction rubble, excavated earth, etc. "d. The foregoing may and must be concluded especially with regard to the professional authority of the editor of the study, that the disposal of toxic waste is still new territory in research and technology.

4. According to information from the relevant Federal Ministry of the Interior of January 17, 1973 there are none in the Federal Republic of Germany regulated landfills for toxic waste; the practices of sinking are known there of toxic waste in the sea, of bringing it to old mines and of the "wild" resp. disordered Landfill. According to the same information, previous results of research contracts were and freely submitted procedural proposals are not yet suitable for solving the problem, how large quantities of various types of toxic waste are organized at a reasonable cost can be deposited.

5. It was announced that the West German waste disposal Limited liability company (abbr .: WESTAB) in December 1972 in a clay pit in the Malsch district near Heidelberg with the dumping of barrel-packed toxic waste has begun.

a. Approval for this was given by the Heidelberg Water Management Authority granted after a test drilling a thickness of the clay and loam layers of approx. 15m and this was considered to be sufficient protection for the groundwater.

b. The toxic waste barrels are only stacked there in the pit and covered with earth and rubble; any special protective measures will be taken not made (Fig. 1, photo as a beponie site from 1.1.1973; Fig. 2, photo-detail enlargement with the stacking of the toxic waste containers and the covering).

c. The latest state of the art is therefore in a depression in the terrain with a water-impermeable bottom layer to stack barrel-packed toxic waste and to be covered with a layer of earth.

III. Description of the invention.

1. As the location of a prefabricated silo system described below, which is particularly suitable for the dumping of toxic waste will be a site chosen, which must meet the following requirements: a. In the ideal case, a valley-shaped one Incision in a terrain gently sloping from a watershed (WS) because here no effects on the groundwater nor effects of the groundwater a silo system are to be feared, and because the accumulating surface water through the somewhat excessive filling of the finished silo system is derived from the sides will. (Fig. 3, longitudinal section of a schematically depicted landfill with a silo system; Fig. 4, cross section).

b. In the ideal case, something that has so far been inferior due to its deepening Terrain, which by introducing a pressure-resistant body and filling on the jiöhe of the surrounding area of a higher quality Natzung z @ guided will.

c. Ideally, a site that is close to an industrial one Focus is and therefore quickly accessible as well as due to this proximity to Closing a landfill is better usable.

2. The silo system itself is set up and loaded as follows: a. A foundation plate of z.P. 40m x 6Om concreted and rasterized with hexagonal honeycombs with an edge length of 2m (Fig. 5).

b. Depending on the type and quantity of the filling goods to be deposited der: riloanlage the number and capacity of the required silos in the base area determined by lOm ', the surface area of a honeycomb, or a multiple thereof. It can then be assumed that basically the lOmX silos on the edge of the silo system and the larger silos in the middle are to be opened; There are deviations from this attached, as 10m2 silos for static reasons also inside the silo system are needed (Fig. õ, example of a floor plan in a schematic representation).

c. The silo system is made with prefabricated concrete angle plates Standard dimensions: height 100 cm, length of the two side panels each 200 cm, interior angle of the two side plates 120 degrees and wall thickness 6 cm (Fig. 7) in the honeycomb structure (Fig. 3) created.

d. The load-bearing capacity of the with Silo walls made of concrete angled slabs are increased by the two-sided Filling of the adjoining silo rooms, in the case of an outer wall by the filling material of the silo space and the earth filling of the outside area of the silo system.

e. A silo system is adjusted and charged in 1m height sections and filled outside. Must be a If the side remains without external filling, this side of the silo system will be gradual stepped on the inside. It is then used with the creation of the subsequent silo system completed.

f. Basically, the filling material is introduced into the silos in such a way that the more dangerous filling material is deposited inside a silo system.

G. The total height of a silo system is generally 10m it is necessary to close the individual silo rooms in height sections. This happens once through concrete caps, wod @ rch two different types and one above the other in a silo room filling goods to be introduced are separated from one another; that happens on the other hand through false ceilings over groups of individual silos or the entire silo system according to structural and safety requirements. As a final conclusion A continuous concrete ceiling is applied to a silo system, which is essentially has the following functions: to protect the product against external influences, To prevent the effects of the contents afterwards, to incorporate the silo walls and to stabilize the silo system in this way and at least one against the grown soil to produce the same compressive strength. On this blanket there will be at least two Meters of earth was filled in, thus creating the desired terrain height (Fig. 9).

ii. Depending on the space available, several silo systems are lined up in a row (Fig.

3. The disadvantages of previous methods are eliminated: a. The disadvantage the environmental hazard of the subordinate dumping of toxic waste.

b. The disadvantage that the dumping of toxic waste in the sea with high levels Costs and is connected with the fact that a later water insurance is associated with security is almost likely to be expected.

c. he disadvantage that the dumping of toxic waste in old @ mines is only possible to a very limited extent.

d. he disadvantage of dumping toxic waste in the way of the company WESTAB: (1) Whereby the barrels the surface water resp. the soil moisture and possible aggressive components of the backfilled soil: nd exposed to shade and their content will sooner or later be released.

(2) The different barrel contents being very unpopular chemical Reactions.

t3) Whereby through the relatively thin soil layers and certainly settling that occurs, polluting vapors and also substances on the surface can penetrate.

(4) Whereby the impermeability of the landfill floor in its entirety Expansion is only likely but not certain.

4. The following are additional advantages of the new process: a. That large and even the smallest amounts of very different types of toxic waste are in the Close to the industrial centers can be safely deposited.

Uass long haulage and the associated costs and hazards be avoided.

c. That so far inferior terrain of a higher quality use is fed. For example, a previously extremely uneven terrain can after completion the silo system (s) respectively. an Ijeponie either agricultural or as Green, Erho @@ ngs- or Sporigelände and even for light development can be used.

d. The fact that silo systems of this type are also included at least in individual cases the production of mass foundations and backfills in road and civil engineering and in dam constructions can be installed advantageously in terms of construction and cost.

e. That taking into account the increase in the iodine value and the state and local government budget customary in waste disposal projects Promoting it has moved into the realm of possible, the cubic meter of silo space for DM 20.- to be created and made available.

Claims (7)

P A T N r - A N S P R U ü H Prefabricated silo system (Fig. 3 and 4), especially as a toxic waste dump suitable, characterized darch the simultaneous use of the following, per se well-known features: 1. Uie silo system is created where it is installed in terrain depressions previously inferior terrain of a better resp. higher quality Use can be added. 2. A hexagonal honeycomb grid is placed on a concrete foundation plate applied with an edge length of 2m (Fig. 5) and depending on the type and amount of @. The bulk material to be deposited becomes silo area in the size of 10m2, the base area a honeycomb, or a multiple thereof (Fig. 6, example of the base areas a silo system). 3. With prefabricated concrete angle plates, height 100 cm, length of the both side panels are 200 cm each, interior angle 120 degrees, wall thickness t cm (Fig.7) the silo walls created in a honeycomb structure (Fig. 3, example). 4. The one given by the material and composite of the concrete angle plates The load-bearing capacity of the silo walls is increased by filling the adjoining silo rooms, in the case of an outer wall through the opening for the silo room and the filling of the outside area of the silo system. 5. The silo system is created and loaded in lm-height sections and filled on the outside. 6. The filling material is introduced into the silos in such a way that each More dangerous to be dumped in the middle of the bilo system. 7. Depending on the type of product, the individual silo spaces in the Height with concrete caps respectively. concrete layers completed; depending on the structural engineering or also safety requirements are groups of single silos or The entire silo facility was also completed and stabilized with false ceilings. The The upper end of the silo is formed by a concrete ceiling next to it Also a protective function for the filler against the dangers it poses has to produce at least the same load-bearing capacity as the grown soil; on it will The desired terrain height was created with a fill of soil (Fig. 9). Depending on the space available, several silos are attached to each other lined up or arranged next to each other (Fig. 10).