DE2235842A1 - CYLINDRICAL COMBUSTION CHAMBER WITH TANGENTIAL SLITS - Google Patents

CYLINDRICAL COMBUSTION CHAMBER WITH TANGENTIAL SLITS

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Publication number
DE2235842A1
DE2235842A1 DE2235842A DE2235842A DE2235842A1 DE 2235842 A1 DE2235842 A1 DE 2235842A1 DE 2235842 A DE2235842 A DE 2235842A DE 2235842 A DE2235842 A DE 2235842A DE 2235842 A1 DE2235842 A1 DE 2235842A1
Authority
DE
Germany
Prior art keywords
combustion chamber
piston
cylindrical
cylindrical combustion
opening
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
DE2235842A
Other languages
German (de)
Inventor
Karl Dr Fracke
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Priority to DE2235842A priority Critical patent/DE2235842A1/en
Publication of DE2235842A1 publication Critical patent/DE2235842A1/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B19/00—Engines characterised by precombustion chambers
    • F02B19/02—Engines characterised by precombustion chambers the chamber being periodically isolated from its cylinder
    • F02B19/04—Engines characterised by precombustion chambers the chamber being periodically isolated from its cylinder the isolation being effected by a protuberance on piston or cylinder head
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B23/00—Other engines characterised by special shape or construction of combustion chambers to improve operation
    • F02B23/02—Other engines characterised by special shape or construction of combustion chambers to improve operation with compression ignition
    • F02B23/06—Other engines characterised by special shape or construction of combustion chambers to improve operation with compression ignition the combustion space being arranged in working piston
    • F02B23/0618—Other engines characterised by special shape or construction of combustion chambers to improve operation with compression ignition the combustion space being arranged in working piston having in-cylinder means to influence the charge motion
    • F02B23/0624—Swirl flow
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B23/00—Other engines characterised by special shape or construction of combustion chambers to improve operation
    • F02B23/02—Other engines characterised by special shape or construction of combustion chambers to improve operation with compression ignition
    • F02B23/06—Other engines characterised by special shape or construction of combustion chambers to improve operation with compression ignition the combustion space being arranged in working piston
    • F02B23/0618—Other engines characterised by special shape or construction of combustion chambers to improve operation with compression ignition the combustion space being arranged in working piston having in-cylinder means to influence the charge motion
    • F02B23/0627—Other engines characterised by special shape or construction of combustion chambers to improve operation with compression ignition the combustion space being arranged in working piston having in-cylinder means to influence the charge motion having additional bores or grooves machined into the piston for guiding air or charge flow to the piston bowl
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B23/00—Other engines characterised by special shape or construction of combustion chambers to improve operation
    • F02B23/02—Other engines characterised by special shape or construction of combustion chambers to improve operation with compression ignition
    • F02B23/06—Other engines characterised by special shape or construction of combustion chambers to improve operation with compression ignition the combustion space being arranged in working piston
    • F02B23/0636—Other engines characterised by special shape or construction of combustion chambers to improve operation with compression ignition the combustion space being arranged in working piston the combustion space having a substantially flat and horizontal bottom
    • F02B23/0639—Other engines characterised by special shape or construction of combustion chambers to improve operation with compression ignition the combustion space being arranged in working piston the combustion space having a substantially flat and horizontal bottom the combustion space having substantially the shape of a cylinder
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B2275/00—Other engines, components or details, not provided for in other groups of this subclass
    • F02B2275/14—Direct injection into combustion chamber
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B23/00—Other engines characterised by special shape or construction of combustion chambers to improve operation
    • F02B23/02—Other engines characterised by special shape or construction of combustion chambers to improve operation with compression ignition
    • F02B23/06—Other engines characterised by special shape or construction of combustion chambers to improve operation with compression ignition the combustion space being arranged in working piston
    • F02B23/0618—Other engines characterised by special shape or construction of combustion chambers to improve operation with compression ignition the combustion space being arranged in working piston having in-cylinder means to influence the charge motion
    • F02B23/063—Other engines characterised by special shape or construction of combustion chambers to improve operation with compression ignition the combustion space being arranged in working piston having in-cylinder means to influence the charge motion the combustion space in the piston interacting fluid dynamically with the cylinder head, the injector body or the cylinder wall
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B3/00—Engines characterised by air compression and subsequent fuel addition
    • F02B3/06—Engines characterised by air compression and subsequent fuel addition with compression ignition
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
    • Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Combustion Methods Of Internal-Combustion Engines (AREA)

Description

Zylindrischer Verbrennungsraum mit tangentialen Schlitzen Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf einen zylindrischen Verbrennungsraum für Otto- und Dieselmotoren, an dessen Öffnug tangentiale Schlitze angebracht sind, sodass am Ende des Verdichtungshubes im Verbrerniungsraura ein Wirbel entsteht, der eine geschichtete Verbrennung ermöglicht, weiln am oberen Ende des Verbrennungsraum seitlich in den Wirbel der Brennstoff eingespritzt und gezündet wird. Cylindrical combustion chamber with tangential slots. The invention refers to a cylindrical combustion chamber for gasoline and diesel engines, Tangential slots are attached to its opening, so that at the end of the compression stroke a vortex arises in the burn rura, which enables a stratified combustion, Because at the upper end of the combustion chamber the fuel enters the vortex at the side is injected and ignited.

Bs ist bekaiint, dass diese geschichtete Verbrennung sehr emissionsarm ist da sie in zwei Phasen verläuft. In der ersten Phnse erfolgt die Verbrennung unter Luftmangel, sodass zwar Kohlenmonoxid, -'oer nur wenig Stickoxide entstehen. In der zweiten Phase verbrennen das Kohlenmonoxid un d die res-tlichen Kohlenwasserstoffe bei Luftüberschuss, aber bei Drücken und Temperaturen, die die chemische Reaktion StickstoS auerstoff nicht mehr auslösen, sodass keine weiteren Stickoxide entstehen.It is known that this stratified combustion has very low emissions is because it takes place in two phases. Burning takes place in the first phase with a lack of air, so that although carbon monoxide or carbon monoxide is produced only a small amount of nitrogen oxides. In the second phase, the carbon monoxide and the rest of the hydrocarbons burn with excess air, but at pressures and temperatures that the chemical reaction NO longer release nitrogen oxides, so that no further nitrogen oxides are formed.

Zweck der Erfindung ist es, diese geschichtete Verbrennung ohne Zusatzgerät in den bekannten Otto- und Dieselmotoren, insbesondere Fahrzeugmotoren zu ermöglichen, sodase sie die verschärften Emissionsbedingungen der kommenden Jahre erfüllen. Die erforderliche Brennstoffeinspritzung ist schon heute bei vielen Fahrzeug-Ottomotoren Standartausrüstung.The purpose of the invention is to achieve this stratified combustion without additional equipment in the known gasoline and diesel engines, especially vehicle engines, so they meet the stricter emission conditions of the coming years. the The required fuel injection is already today in many vehicle gasoline engines Standard equipment.

Die Erfindung hat zwei Ausführungen, zylindrischer Verbrennungsraum im Zylinderkopf und zylindrischer Verbrennungsraum im Kolben. Bei der Anordnung im Zylinderkopf ist der Kolben vorzugsweise mit einem Wulst versehen, der die Öffnung am Ende des oberen Totpuakt blockiert, sodass die verdichtete Luft durch die tangentialen Schlitze strömen musj und je nach Auslegung d' tangentialen Schlitze ein Wirbel der gewünschten Stärke entsteht.The invention has two forms, cylindrical combustion chamber in the cylinder head and cylindrical combustion chamber in the piston. In the arrangement In the cylinder head, the piston is preferably provided with a bead that forms the opening blocked at the end of the top dead center, allowing the compressed air through the tangential Slots flow musj and depending on the design d 'tangential slots a vortex the desired strength arises.

Bei der Anordnung des Verbrennungsraum im Kolben ist dieser Wulst nicht möglich, aber auch ohne die Öffnung zu blockieren wird ein Wirbel erzeugt, da die Kolbenfläche fast fünfmal so gross ist wie die Dffnung des Verbrennungsraums, sodass ein grosser Teil der Luft über den Rand der Öffnung strönen muss, vorallem an End2 des Verdichtungshubes.When the combustion chamber is arranged in the piston, this is a bead not possible, but a vortex is generated even without blocking the opening, since the piston area is almost five times as large as the opening of the combustion chamber, so that a large part of the air has to flow over the edge of the opening, especially at End2 of the compression stroke.

In den Zeichnungen ig.i und 2 ist ein Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung mit dem Verbrennungsraum im Zylinderkopf und in Fig.3 und 4 ein Ausführungsbeispiel rnit den Verbrennungsraum in Kolben dargestellt.In the drawings ig.i and 2 is an embodiment of the invention with the combustion chamber in the cylinder head and in Fig. 3 and 4 an embodiment shown with the combustion chamber in pistons.

Fig.1 zeigt einen Querschnitt durch den Zylinder eines Reihenmotors und Fig.2 die Ansicht des Zylinderkopfes auf der Kolbenseite. 1 ist das Zylindergehäuse mit dem Kolben 2 und Wulst 3 im oberen Totpunkt. 4 ist der Zylinderkopf nit den beiden Auslassventilen 5 und den Einlassventil 6 in zylindrischen Verbrennungsraum 7 und 8 sind die tangentialen, schrägen oder kreisbogenförmigen Schlitzen am Umfang der Öffnung des Verbrennungsraums, die völlig wirksam werden, wenn der Kolbenwulst 3 die Öffnung erreicht hat.9 ist der Sitz der Bre@nstoff-Einspritzdüse und 10 der Sitz der Zündkerze, die parallel zum Wirbel und hintereinander auf derselben Ebene angeordnet sind. Der Verbrennungsraum 7 ist zur Zylindermitte versetzt angeordnet, um genügend grossen Auslassventilquerschnitt unterbringen zu können. Der Sitz des Einlassventils im Verbrennungsraum hat zwei Vorteile, vollständige Ausspühlung und kein heisses Ventil. Ausserdem kann der Verbrennungsraum 7 in seiner Höhe soverringert werden, dass er nur die Hälfte des vorgesehenen Verdichtungsvolumen ausmacht und der restliche Teil im Kolben oder durch den Abstand des Kolben vom Zylinderkopf gebildet wird. Durch diese Anordnung wird die Schichtung und damit die zweiphasen Verbrennung verbessert, da in der zweiten Phase durch die Expansion aus dem Verbrennungsraum durch die Schlitze in den restlichen Raum eine gute Durchmischung erfolgt Das Finlassventil sitzt immer höher als das oder die Auslassveatil(e), sodass auch bei der drei Ventil Ausführung nur zwei Mocken bzw. zwei Stössel erforderlich sind, da die doppelte Auslassventile über einen Gabelhebel betätigt werden.Fig. 1 shows a cross section through the cylinder of an in-line engine and FIG. 2 shows the view of the cylinder head on the piston side. 1 is the cylinder housing with piston 2 and bead 3 at top dead center. 4 is the cylinder head with the two outlet valves 5 and the inlet valve 6 in the cylindrical combustion chamber 7 and 8 are the tangential, inclined or circular arc-shaped slots on the circumference the opening of the combustion chamber, which become fully effective when the piston bead 3 the opening 9 is the seat of the fuel injection nozzle and 10 the seat of the spark plug, which is parallel to the vertebra and one behind the other on the same Are arranged level. The combustion chamber 7 is arranged offset to the center of the cylinder, in order to be able to accommodate a sufficiently large exhaust valve cross-section. The seat of the Inlet valve in the combustion chamber has two advantages, complete flushing and no hot valve. In addition, the height of the combustion chamber 7 can be reduced in this way that it is only half of the planned compression volume and the remaining part in the piston or by the distance between the piston and the cylinder head is formed. This arrangement makes the stratification and thus the two-phase Combustion is improved, since it is in the second phase due to the expansion from the combustion chamber thorough mixing takes place through the slots in the rest of the space always sits higher than the outlet valve (s), so that also with the three valve Execution only two mocks or two pushrods are required, since the double Outlet valves are operated via a fork lever.

Fig.3 und 4 zeigen in gleicher Darstellung die Anordnung des Verbren:lungsraums im Kolben. Um die Öffnung des Verbreniiungs raums 7 im Kolben 2 sind die tangentialen, kreisbogenförmigen Schlitze 8 angeordnet. Da das Verhältnis Öffnungsquerschnitt des Verbrennungsraums zur Kolbenfläche fast 1 : 5 ist, nuss vorallem am 53nde des Verdichtungshubes ein grosser Teil der Luft über den Rand der Öffnung und somit in den tangentialen Schlitzen in den Verbrennungsraum strömen, sodass auch hier 'ein Wirbel erzeugt Wird, der die geschichtete Verbrennung ermbglicht.3 and 4 show the arrangement of the combustion chamber in the same representation in the piston. Around the opening of the combustion chamber 7 in the piston 2 are the tangential, Circular arc-shaped slots 8 are arranged. Because the ratio of the opening cross-section of the combustion chamber to the piston surface is almost 1: 5, especially at the end of the Compression stroke a large part of the air over the edge of the opening and thus flow in the tangential slots into the combustion chamber, so that here too 'a Vortex is generated, which enables stratified combustion.

Claims (7)

Patentansprüche Claims Zylindrischer Verbrennungsraum mit tangentialen Schlitzen fttr Otto- und Dieselmotoren, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass rings um die Öffnung des Verbrennungsraums tangentiale, schräge oder krefsbogenförmige Schlitze angeordnet sind, die am Ende des Verdichtungshubes im Verbrennungsraum einen Wirbel erzeugen, der die geschichtete Verbrennung ermöglicht wenn die Brennstoffeinspritzdüse und die Zündkerze in derselben Ebene, parallel zum Wirbel hintereinander angeordnet sind. Cylindrical combustion chamber with tangential slots fttr Otto and diesel engines, characterized in that around the opening of the combustion chamber tangential, inclined or Krefbogen-shaped slots are arranged, which at the end of the compression stroke in the combustion chamber create a vortex that creates the stratified Combustion is enabled when the fuel injector and the spark plug are in the same Level, parallel to the vertebra are arranged one behind the other. 2. Zylindrischer Verbrennungsraum nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Verbrennungsraum mit seinen tatlgentialen Schlitzen im Zylinderkopf angeordnet ist und der Kolben einen zylindrischen Wulst hat, der die Öffnung des Verbrennungsraums am Ende des Verdichtungshubes blockiert und dessen Höhe so bemessen ist, dass das verbleibende Hubvolumen des Kolben gleich dem Volumen des Verbrennungsraums ist wenn der wulst die Öffnung erreicht hat.2. Cylindrical combustion chamber according to claim 1, characterized in that that the combustion chamber is arranged with its tatlgentialen slots in the cylinder head and the piston has a cylindrical bead which forms the opening of the combustion chamber blocked at the end of the compression stroke and its height is such that the remaining stroke volume of the piston is equal to the volume of the combustion chamber when the bead has reached the opening. 3. Zylindrischer Verbrennungsraum nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet* dass die höhe des Verbrennungsraums s o bemessen wird, dasa sein Volumen nur die Hälfte des vorgesehenen Verdichtungsvolumens ausmacht und der restliche Teil im Kolben oder durch den abstand des Kolbens vom Zylinderkopf gebildet wird. 3. Cylindrical combustion chamber according to claim 1, characterized in * that the height of the combustion chamber is so dimensioned that its volume is only that Half of the planned compression volume and the remaining part in Piston or by the distance of the piston from the Cylinder head formed will. 4. Zylindrischer Verbrennungsraum nach Anspruch 1, 2 und 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Einlassventil im oberen Ende des Verbrennungsraums sitzt, während das oder die Auslassventil(e) seitlich vom Verbrennungsraum im Zylinderkopf sitzen.4. Cylindrical combustion chamber according to claim 1, 2 and 3, characterized characterized in that the inlet valve is located in the upper end of the combustion chamber, while the exhaust valve (s) to the side of the combustion chamber in the cylinder head sit. 5. Zylindrischer Verbrennungsraum nach Anspruch 1, 2, 3 und 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass'die Einspritzdüse und die Zündkerze parallel zum Wirbel und hintereinander in derselben Ebene im oberen Teil des zylindrischen Verbrennungsraums angebracht sind.5. Cylindrical combustion chamber according to claim 1, 2, 3 and 4, characterized characterized that'the injection nozzle and the spark plug parallel to the vortex and one behind the other in the same plane in the upper part of the cylindrical combustion chamber are appropriate. 6. Zylindrischer Verbrennungsraum nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der zylindrischer Verbrennungsraum im Kolben angebracht ist und die tangentialen, kreisbogenförmigen, schrägen Schlitze titer die ganze verbleibende Kolbenfläche reichen, wobei die Tiefe am Rand des. Kolben beginned stetig zunimmt.6. Cylindrical combustion chamber according to claim 1, characterized in that that the cylindrical combustion chamber is mounted in the piston and the tangential, Circular, inclined slits cover the entire remaining piston area range, the depth beginning at the edge of the piston increasing steadily. 7. Zylindrischer Verbrennu,ngsraum nach Anspruch 1 und 6, dadurch gekennzeichrlet, dass die Einspritzdüse eine. oder.7. Cylindrical combustion chamber according to claim 1 and 6, characterized gekennzeichrlet that the injection nozzle a. or. mehrere seitliche Düsenöffnung(en) hat, die auf die Zündkerze gerichtet sind. has several side nozzle opening (s) directed towards the spark plug are.
DE2235842A 1972-07-21 1972-07-21 CYLINDRICAL COMBUSTION CHAMBER WITH TANGENTIAL SLITS Pending DE2235842A1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE2235842A DE2235842A1 (en) 1972-07-21 1972-07-21 CYLINDRICAL COMBUSTION CHAMBER WITH TANGENTIAL SLITS

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE2235842A DE2235842A1 (en) 1972-07-21 1972-07-21 CYLINDRICAL COMBUSTION CHAMBER WITH TANGENTIAL SLITS

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DE2235842A1 true DE2235842A1 (en) 1974-01-31

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DE2235842A Pending DE2235842A1 (en) 1972-07-21 1972-07-21 CYLINDRICAL COMBUSTION CHAMBER WITH TANGENTIAL SLITS

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4366789A (en) * 1980-03-03 1983-01-04 Robert Bosch Gmbh Piston-type internal combustion engine

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4366789A (en) * 1980-03-03 1983-01-04 Robert Bosch Gmbh Piston-type internal combustion engine

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